1、英語學習講義2019年北京市東城區高三期末英語試卷第一部分：知識運用(共兩節，45分)第一節語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當的 單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Passage 1The Warwick Cheese Festival takes place in June every year. This annual event is the biggest cheese festival in North America, 1(attract) tens of thousands of

2、 Canadians and2(visitor) from all over the world. They can try over 100 kinds of cheese made all over Quebec at the festival. And they 3 (invite) to vote for the People' s Choicyeaize of the【答案】1. attracting2. visitors 3. are invited【解析】本文介紹了每年六月舉行的沃里克奶酪節。這個一年一度的活動是北美最大的奶酪節。 【1題詳解】考查現在分詞。句意：這個一年

3、一度的活動是北美最大的奶酪節，吸引了成千上萬的加拿大人和來自世界各地的游客。 attract與主語This annual event構成邏輯主謂關系，應使用現在 分詞表主動。故填 attracting o【2題詳解】考查名詞復數。根據空前tens of thousands of可知，此處應使用名詞復數。故填 visitors。【3題詳解】考查語態。句意：他們被邀請投票選出今年的人民選擇獎。根據句意可知，此處應使用被動語態，且描述的是客觀事實，應使用一般現在時。故填 are invited。Passage 2Winter break was fast approaching. All Scott

4、 wanted to do was to go snowboarding. 4 (fortunately), Scott ' s parentsenicptaffer They had booked a weeklong trip to Hawaii. Scott hated warm weather and asked 5 he could just stay at his best friend' s house so that he couldsnowboard every day. His parents didn' t want to hear anythin

5、g of it. 6He ke(debate) withthem about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spent winter break together.【答案】4. Unfortunately5. if / whether6. debating【解析】家庭時間對斯科特一家來說很重要，他們一起度過寒假是一個傳統。但是今年，斯科特和他父母的度假計劃有分歧。【4題詳解】考查副詞。根據上

6、文“斯科特只想去滑雪。”及下文“斯科特的父母有不同的計劃。”可知，設空處應為 unfortunately "不幸地是"。故填 Unfortunately。【5題詳解】考查連詞。句意：斯科特討厭暖和的天氣，問他是否可以住在他最好的朋友家里，這樣他就可以每天玩滑雪板了。if/whether "是否"，引導 ask的賓語從句。故填if/whether。【6題詳解】考查現在分詞。句意：他和他們就這個話題一直爭論不休，但他們不愿改變主意。固定搭配：keep doing sth. 一直做某事“。故填 debating oPassage 3Although he is

7、 only eleven years old, James helps the aged. Every day, he goes to Redhill7 train to help three old people with housework and shopping. In this way, he has made their lives much easier. It i s through James' hard work that a Neighbourhood Care Program has beenstarted. So far, James and his frie

8、nds 8 (form) a group of young volunteers to seek out the people 9 need help. They do this without funding and without recognition. Their main aim is10 . (make) a difference through personal sacrifice.【答案】7. by 8. have formed9. who / that10. to make【解析】雖然詹姆斯只有11歲，但他幫助老人。到目前為止，詹姆斯和他的朋友們組織了一群年輕的志愿者去尋找那

9、些需要幫助的人。他們這樣做沒有資金和認可。他們的主要目標是通過個 人犧牲來改變世界。17題詳解】考查介詞。句意：每天，他乘火車去紅山幫助三個老人做家務和購物。固定搭配：by train “乘火車”。故填by。【8題詳解】考查時態。句意：到目前為止，詹姆斯和他的朋友們組織了一群年輕的志愿者。so far "到目前為止”，后面的主句謂語動詞要求使用現在完成時。故填 have formed。【9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：到目前為止，詹姆斯和他的朋友們組織了一群年輕的志愿者去尋找那 些需要幫助的人。此處為定語從句，先行詞是people,關系詞在從句中做主語，應使用關系代詞 who/that

10、引導。故填 who/that。【10題詳解】考查不定式。句意：他們的主要目標是通過個人犧牲來改變世界。此處動作做表語，且表示目的、將來，應使用不定式形式。故填 to make。第二節 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。The universe has a way of sending help from even the most unlikely of places.When Tony received a wrong-number message on his mobile

11、phone, he could have just11 it. Instead, he gathered five of his six children and 12 a picture to send to Syd, the girl on the other end of line, just to give her a little 13 However, he had no idea that replying to this random message would 14 his family ' s life.The message was from Syd, who w

12、as dress shopping when she decided to get a second15 . So she took a picture of herself in the new dress that she had chosen and sent the messageto who she thought was her friend.Tony sent her a message 16 right away, but he also wanted to let her know that her pretty picture hadn ' t ended up i

13、ni the hands, so he included a picture of his kids giving a big thumbs- up. ”I figured that the children 18 wousd be far better than some middle-aged man!"Syd' s friend Mandi was deeply touched by the 19 that she posted it online, where itquickly went viral. Not only is it just a sweet 20 o

14、f kindness on Tony ' s part, but look atthose cute kids of his!Once the story 21 the web, people discovered that one of Tony' s children was22 from the picture. The youngest child, Kaizler, wasn' t or 23at that timehis mom had taken him to his chemotherapy （化療）appointment.Once Mandi read

15、 about Kaizler ' s cancer diagnosis, she sharedbFisndMe page, which snowballed into a widespread 24 of giving. Thousands of people have donated to the little boy' s page.Kaizler ' s mom says she can ' t express?bow her family is for the financial help, and no one can believe this rus

16、h of good fortune 26 from a simple wrong-number message!“It is so refreshing to be 27 that there are good people in the world who still careabout others and are quick to be 28 and kind to others, “ she stated, “I would also like to thank EVERYONE from bottom of my heart . 29 all the kind words, all

17、the donations, allthe love and support. We honestly would never have been able to 30 it this far in our journey without every s ingle of you! " 11. A. copied B. returned C. ignored D. recognized 12. A. borrowed B. invented C. found D. took 13. A. space B. peace C. encouragement D. description 1

18、4. A. change B. ruin C. control D. plan 15. A. picture B. opinion C. place D. chance 16. A. off B. over C. up D. back 17. A. different B. wrong C. ordinary D. free 18. A. company B. response C. explanation D. permission 19. A. exchange B. participation C. preference D. strategy 20. A. act B. talk C.

19、 state D. smile 21. A. caught B. ran C. hit D. searched 22. A. hiding B. escaping C. dropping D. missing 23. A. unless B. although C. because D. once 24. A. anxiety B. prediction C. roll D. wave 25. A. grateful B. concerned C. famous D. eager只要堅持夢想終會實現23【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C 14. A20. A 21. C 22. D 2

20、3. C 24. D D 30. C【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。即使是最不可能的地方，宇宙也能提供幫助。當托尼在他的手機上收到一個26. A. fell B. came C. left D. heard27. A. reminded B. arranged C. greeted28. A. outspoken B. generous C. faithful29. A. of B. with C. about D. for30. A. urge B. pass C. make D. buildD. persuadedD. energetic15. B 16. D 17. B 18. B 19.

21、 A25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29.然而，他不知道回答這個隨機的信息會改變他撥錯號碼的信息時，他沒有忽略它。相反，他聚集了六個孩子中的五個，拍了張照片，寄給 另一端的女孩西德，只是為了給她一點鼓勵。的家庭生活。【11題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. copied復制；B. returned歸還；C. ignored忽視；D. recognized認出。根據下文 Instead, he gathered five of his six children and 2 a picture to send to Syd, the girl onthe other end of line

22、,可知，托尼本可以忽視這條信息的。故 C選項正確。【12題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. borrowed 借；B. invented 發明；C. found 發現；D. took 帶著。take apicture “拍照片”。根據語境可知，此處指托尼拍了一張照片發給了西德。故 D選項正確。【13題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. space 空間；B. peace 和平；C. encouragement鼓勵；D. description 描述。根據下文 so he included a picture of his kids giving a big thumbs-up 可知，托尼拍了一張照片發給了西德，

23、只是想給她一點鼓勵。故 C選項正確。【14題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. change改變；B. ruin毀壞；C. control控制；D. plan計劃。句意：然而，他不知道回復這個隨意的信息會改變他的家庭生活。故A選項正確。【15題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. picture圖片；B. opinion觀點；C. place地方；D. chance機會。句意：這 條信息來自西德，她在買衣服的時候決定征求別人的意見。故 B選項正確。【16題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A. off斷開；B. over結束；C. up向上；D. back向后地。句意：托尼馬上給 她回了個信息。故 D選項正確。【17題詳解】考查

24、形容詞辨析。A. different不同的；B. wrong錯誤的；C. ordinary普通的；D. free自由的。句意：但他也想讓她知道，她那張漂亮的照片并沒有落入壞人之手，所以他附上了一張孩子們豎起大拇指的照片。故B選項正確。【18題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. company 公司；B. response反應；C. explanation 解釋；D. permission 允許。句意：我想孩子們的反應會比一些中年人好得多！故 B選項正確。 【19題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. exchange 交流；B. participation 參與；C. preference偏好；D. strateg

25、y 策略。根據上文描述的信息交流可知，此處指“西德的朋友曼迪被這次交流深深打動，于是她把它發布到網上，這件事很快就傳開了"。故 A選項正確。【20題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. act行為；B. talk談話；C. state狀態；D. smile微笑。句意：這不僅是因為托尼的善意，而且是因為看到了他的可愛的孩子們。故A選項正確。【21題詳解】考查動詞辨析。 A. caught抓；B. ran跑；C. hit碰撞；D. searched尋找。句意：一旦這個故 事在網上流傳開來。故C選項正確。【22題詳解】考查現在分詞辨析。A. hiding正隱藏的；B. escaping在逃跑的；C.

26、dropping正下降的；D.missing 缺少的。根據下文 The youngest child, Kaizler, wasn' t home atHhat time發現托尼的一個孩子沒有在照片中。故D選項正確。【23題詳解】考查連詞辨析。 A. unless除非；B. although雖然；C. because因為；D. once一旦。句意：最小的孩子凱茲勒當時不在家，因為他媽媽帶他去化療了。故C選項正確。【24題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. anxiety焦慮；B. prediction預測；C. roll名單；D. wave浪潮。根據下文Thousands of people h

27、ave donated to the little boy 可知，曼迪ripOg凱茲勒的癌癥診斷， 就分享了他的GoFundMe頁面，這個頁面像滾雪球一樣，掀起了一股廣泛的捐贈浪潮。故D 選項正確。【25題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。 A. grateful感激的；B. concerned擔心的；C. famous著名的；D. eager渴望 的。句意：凱茲勒的母親說，她無法表達她的家人對經濟幫助的感激之情。故 A選項正確。【26題詳解】考查動詞辨析。 A. fell摔倒；B. came來；C. left離開；D. heard聽。come from "來著"。句意：沒人能相信這么

28、多的好運來自一個簡單的撥錯號碼的信息！故B選項正確。【27題詳解】考查動詞辨析。 A. reminded提醒；B. arranged安排；C. greeted迎接；D. persuaded勸說。句 意：提醒自己世界上有那么多好人是很令人振奮的。故A選項正確。【28題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. outspoken直言不諱的；B. generous慷慨的；C. faithful忠誠的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據上文大家對凱茲勒的捐贈可知，世界上有很多善良的人依然關心他人，對他人慷慨友善。故 B選項正確。【29題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A. of屬于；B. with隨著；C. about關于

29、；D. for為了。句意：我也要從心底感謝每一個人、感謝所有的善言、所有的捐贈、所有的愛和支持。故 D選項正確。 【30題詳解】考查動詞辨析。 A. urge督促；B. pass傳遞；C. make做；D. build建設。make it ”達到預定 目標；走完路程”。句意：如果沒有你們每一個人，我們真的不可能走這么遠！故C選項正確。【點睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據上下文來學會“推理”出最佳選項。同學們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第1小題要求判斷出托尼如何處理一個因撥錯號碼發來的信息白勺。我們下文Instead, he gathered five of his six c

30、hildren and 2 a pictureto send to Syd, the girl on the other end of line,（相反，他聚集了六個孩子中的五個，拍了張照片，寄給另一端的女孩西德， 只是為了給她一點） 可知，托尼并沒有忽視這條信息。could have done sth.本可以做某事的”（事實并沒有這么做）。因此原文意為“托尼本可以忽視這條信息的"。故C選項正確。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節，40分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、R G D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。APastime i

31、s a bi-monthly magazine for curious young minds. Many of the topics we write about won' t be covered in the classroom. All the articles are written in a lively style, and each one is paired with drawings by some of the country' s most talented artists.? History focuses on archaeological （考古的

32、）sites around the world where archaeologists work to unearth important finds.? World includes stories about daily life, folk tales, and history and traditions of the people and places.? Sport includes nutrition tips, information about up-and-coming young athletes, and sports events.? Art stimulates

33、a child ' s cultural life, from film to theatre through to writing and music.On top of all that, Pastime is packed with items to stimulate a youngster' s imagination,including pages of puzzles and a step-by-step guide to creating their own impressive-looking drawings.In every issue, we revie

34、w the latest books top authors write for youngsters. There are also short works of fiction written especially for Pastime by some of our best writers.We know that children at this age are dealing with many emotions and sometimes difficult feelings, so we have a personal advice page to reply to quest

35、ions dealing with personal and moral problems.Unlike many of today ' s throwaway comassme is written and designed to be kept and treasured. We know children love going online but we also know how much they enjoy holding a printed magazine in their hands, and the excitement they get when each new

36、 issue drops through the letterbox personally addressed to them.SubscriptionPastime is published six times a year. An annual subscription costs just 20 and makes a great £ gift for any child aged eight to twelve.To order by phone: Dial 1-800-821-0156 and use Offer Code WEBSA VE86 for print-only

37、 subscriptions.You can cancel at any time for m agazines that haven ' t shipped yet.31. If a reader is interested in festivals, he can read.A. HistoryB. WorldC. SportD. Art32. What does the magazine provide?A. Photos of talented artists.B. Stories created by children.C. Suggestions on readers &#

38、39; problems.D. Book reviews written by students.33. For subscription, one needs to know that the magazine.A. offers electronic copiesB. costs 20 for each copyC. is for kindergarten childrenD. is published every two months【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D【解析】【分析】本文為一則廣告。消遣是一本兩個月一期的雜志，專為好奇的年輕人而設。文章介紹了 這款雜志的特色和訂閱

39、方式。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。festival是指生活中值得紀念的重要日子，是世界人民為適應生產和生活的需要而共同創造的一種民俗文化。根據文章中World includes stories about daily life, folk tales,and history and traditions of the people and places.（世界包括關于日常生活、民間故事以及人 民和地方的歷史和傳統的故事。）可知，如果一個讀者對節日感興趣，他可以閱讀“世界” 模塊。故B選項正確。【32題詳解】細節理解題。 根據文章中的 We know that children at this a

40、ge are dealing with many emotions andsometimes difficult feelings, so we have a personal advice page to reply to questions dealing withpersonal and moral problems.（我們知道這個年齡段的孩子會處理很多情緒，有時會處理一些 困難的情緒，所以我們有個人的建議頁面來回答一些個人問題和道德問題。）可知，這本雜志對讀者的問題提出建議。故C選項正確。【33題詳解】細節理解題。根據 Subscription部分的Pastime is publish

41、ed six times a year.可知，這款雜志兩個月出版一期。故 D選項正確。【點睛】細節事實理解題主要考查考生對文章中某一些特定細節或文章的重要事實的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。此外，在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決細節理解題。定位法即根據題干和選項所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應的句子（即定位），然后進行比較和分析（尤其要注意一些同義轉換），從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據題干和選項所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關的句子（有時可能是幾個句子）或段落，然后進行分析和推理等，從而找出正 確答案。以本文第3小題為例

42、，本題運用定位法：我們根據題干 For subscription, one needs to know thatthe magazine （為了訂閱，人們需要知道這本雜志 ）,其關鍵詞是subscription ,從 而直接定位至 U Subscription 分Pastime is published six times a year. An annual subscriptioncosts just£ 20 and makes a great gift for any child aged eight to twelve. -onlyfor printsubscriptions.

43、（消遣每年出版六次。年度訂閱費用只是比0,是一個送給任何八到十二歲孩子的很棒的禮物純印刷訂閱。）再結合各選項可知，只有D項與原文相符。故 D選項正確。BEvery year, 1.5 million kids around the world die as a result of not getting vaccines （ 疫苗）.This is partly because transporting and storing medicines can be a huge challenge in some countries.Anurudh Ganesan, 17, knows this

44、firsthand. When he was a baby in India, his grandparentscarried him 10 miles to a health clinic in a remote village to receive a vaccine. But by the time they arrived, the vaccines were no longer usable because they had been overheated.Vaccines, Anurudh later learned, must be kept cool to stay effec

45、tive. But refrigerating them requires electricity or ice - precious resources that many developing countries lack.Although Anurudh eventually received the vaccine he needed, his experience as a baby and thesad reality that so many other children aren' t as lucky motivated him to take action. The

46、 high schoolstudent invented Vaxxwagon, a portable vaccine-carrying device that generates its own power to keep lifesaving m edicines cool as they ' re delivered to remote areas around the world.Anurudh first got his idea for Vaxxwagon in 2014. He read several textbooks to learneverything he cou

47、ld about refrigeration, and then he did research online to learn more aboutvaccines. Rather than relying on electricity or ice, Anurudh figured out a way to use wheels topower a refrigeration system for about eight hours. The entire rechargeable cooling system can bepulled to areas in need of vaccin

48、es by a bicycle, a car, or an animal. Eventually, Anurudh took hisdesign to professors at Johns Hopkins University for advice. Not only did they confirm Vaxxwagoncould work, but they offered him funding to help build it.Anurudh was rewarded with the 2015 Google Science Fair LEGO Education Builder Aw

49、ardfor his invention. Anurudh says his final goal is to start selling Vaxxwagon to relief organizations, so it can be used to help people around the world.Anurudh, who plans to pursue engineering degree in college, says," Don' t give up on yourideas. But always try to help others with your

50、projects. That' s thetoobelpof engineeringpeople.”34. Why do many children die every year?A. They lack qualified medical teams.B. They cannot afford usable medicines.C. They don' t have an electricy system.D. They have no access to effective vaccines.35. What is special about V axxwagon?A. I

51、t can serve as a fridge.B. It can produce safe vaccines.C. It can detect deadly diseases.D. It can be a means of transport.36. Which of the following words can best describe Anurudh?A. Caring and creative.B. Modest and sympathetic.C. Loyal and determined.D. Honest and hard-working.37. What can we le

52、arn from the story?A. Practice makes perfect.B. One good turn deserves another.C. Motivation is the mother of success.D. All things are difficult before they are easy.【答案】34. D 35. A 36. A 37. C【解析】本文為記敘文。每年，全世界有150萬兒童因未接種疫苗而死亡。這在一定程度上是因為在某些國家，運輸和儲存藥品可能是一個巨大的挑戰。17歲的印度男孩阿努魯德甘尼桑發明了一種攜帶疫苗的便攜式裝置VaxxWago

53、n,這種裝置可以產生自己的能量，在將救生藥物運送到世界各地的偏遠地區時，使其保持涼爽。阿努魯德因其發明獲得了2015年谷歌科學博覽會樂高教育建設者獎。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據第段中的Every year, 1.5 million kids around the world die as a result of notgetting vaccines （疫苗）.This is partly because transporting and storing medicines can be a huge challenge in some countries.（每年，全世界有 150萬兒童因

54、未接種疫苗而死亡。這在一定程 度上是因為在某些國家，運輸和儲存藥品可能是一個巨大的挑戰。）及第二段中的But by thetime they arrived, the vaccines were no longer usable because they had been overheated.（但是當 他們到達時，疫苗已經不能使用了，因為它們已經過熱了）可知，每年都有許多兒童因為得不到有效的疫苗而死亡。故D選項正確。【35題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中的The high school student invented Vaxxwagon, a portablevaccine-carryin

55、g device that generates its own power to keep lifesaving medicines cool as they delivered to remote areas around the world.（這名高中生發明了一種攜帶疫苗的便攜式裝置 VaxxWagon,這種裝置可以產生自己的能量，在將救生藥物運送到世界各地的偏遠地區時， 使其保持涼爽。）可知，VaxxWagon的特殊之處在于它可以當作冰箱使用，將救生藥物運送 到世界各地的偏遠地區。故A選項正確。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。17歲的印度男孩阿努魯德甘尼桑為拯救更多的人，而發明了一種攜帶疫苗

56、的便攜式裝置 VaxxWagon,這種裝置可以產生自己的能量，在將救生藥物運送到世界各地 的偏遠地區時，使其保持涼爽。由此可知，阿努魯德？甘尼桑是一個有愛心、有創造力的人。故A選項正確。【37題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段中的Although Anurudh eventually received the vaccine he needed, hisexperience as a baby and the sad reality that so many other children aren' t as lucky motivatedtake action.（盡管阿努魯德最終獲得了他

57、所需要的疫苗，但他作為一個嬰兒的經歷，以及許 多其他孩子沒有那么幸運的悲慘現實促使他采取行動。）及最終他發明了 VaxxWagon裝置可知，動機是成功之母。故C選項正確。CWhy Black Friday Shoppers Still Crowd StoresTo many of us, the ideas of rushing out to a superstore the day after Thanksgiving is appealing.Why would anyone race to crowded stores when they could stay in with famil

58、y, or watch college football? We can ' t say we know the answeu for But we do feel amazed at those who pour into stores looking for Black Friday bargains. Seemingly, nothing can stop them. Not the weather. Not the crowds. And not the fact that hurrying to a store in the age of instant e-commerce seems so last century.To be sure, holiday shopping habits do appear to be shifting. The National Retail （ 零售）Federation has stopped breaking