1、現(xiàn)在完成時復(fù)習(xí)教案（一）知識講解基本用法【例句】 一Would you like to see the film with me?I ' m sorry, but I have already seen the film.你想和我去看電影嗎？對不起，我已經(jīng)看過那部電影了。（現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)知道電影的內(nèi)容了。）【用法1】影響性用法表示一個發(fā)生在過去的動作，到目前為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成，但其結(jié)果仍存在或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的情況仍 有影響，常與 already, yet, by this time, just, ever, never, before, lately, so far等連用?！纠洹縄 have

2、 learned English since 5 years ago.【用法2】持續(xù)性用法表示“過去的動作” 一直延續(xù)至今并有可能繼續(xù)下去，常與 for或since連用。【例句】I ' ve known her for a long time.我認(rèn)識她很長時間了?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+ have / has +動詞過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+ have / has + not +動詞過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：Have / Has +主語+動詞過去分詞+其他肯定回答：Yes,主語+ have / has.否定回答：No,主語 + haven't / hasn t.特殊疑問句：特殊

3、疑問詞+ have / has +主語+動詞過去分詞+其他【例句】We have seen the film before.She has seen the film before.She hasn t seen the film before.Has she seen the film before? Yes, she has. / No, she hasn t.【考查點】辨析have與has當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時用has,其余一律用have.動詞變化形式動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時中的形式變化：過去分詞動詞的過去式和過去分詞有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。規(guī)則變化1 . 一般在動詞原形后加-ed讀音規(guī)則：

4、-ed在清輔音音素后發(fā)音為t,在濁輔音音素后發(fā)音為d,在元音音素后發(fā)音也為d。例：watched dreamed enjoyed-ed在音素t、d后發(fā)音為id。例：start f started sound f sounded2 .在以-e結(jié)尾的動詞后加-d。例：like liked3 .以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i,再加-ed。例：worry 一 worried4 .末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫該輔音字母，再加 -ed。例：drop f dropped prefer f preferred【易錯點】I .現(xiàn)在完成時中的延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞當(dāng)用現(xiàn)在完成時來描述一個從過去一

5、直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作時，其謂語動詞一定要具有可延續(xù)性，即 使用延續(xù)性動詞。像 come, go, arrive , leave, buy, join, die, begin等動詞表示的動作是短暫的, 不可延續(xù)的，它們被稱為非延續(xù)性動詞，不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。常見的一些非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)化對照表非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞borrowkeepdiebe deadopenbe openclosebe closedbuyhavejoinbe inleavebe away (from)finish / endbe overstart / beginbe oncome t

6、obe inarrivebe hereget to knowknowsit downbe seatedmove tolive ingo outbe outfall asleepbe asleepget upbe up【例句】1. I bought the bike last year.I have had the bike for one year.2. Michael Jackson died in 2009.Michael Jackson has been dead for one year.【考題鏈接】 Hurry up! The play for ten minutes.A. has

7、begun B. had begun C. has been onD. began一Do you know Huang Ting Well? Yes. She and I friends since we met in Wuhan last summer.A. have made B. wereC. have beenD. became.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較1. 一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的事情，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是影響C【例句】I saw this film yesterday.(強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。)

8、I have seen this film.（強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，已經(jīng)知道了電影的內(nèi)容。）2. 一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，如： yesterday, last week, ago, in 1980,in October, j ust now, 現(xiàn)在完成時通常與表示一段時間的或模糊的時間狀語連用，有時句子中也可無時間狀語。如：For + 一段時間,since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, already, before, in the past - years, 【例句】She has already returned from Paris.她已經(jīng)從巴黎

9、回來了。She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來的。3. 現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，這時的動詞一般是延續(xù)性的。【例句】He has kept the book for two weeks.（這本書他借了兩周了）He borrowed the book two weeks ago.（他兩周前借的這本書）【考題鏈接】A/H1N1 flu is terrible, but our government action to prevent it already.A. has taken B. took C. will take D. was taking答案：A解題思路

10、：already意為“已經(jīng)”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，故選同步練習(xí):一、單項選擇1. Have you got any pieces of paper?Yes, I.A. have got B. haveC. had oneD. did2. Have you ever to a foreigner?A. speakB.spokeC.spokenD. to speak* 3. Have you met Mr. Li?A. justB. agoC. before D. a moment ago* 4. The famous writer one new book in the past two yea

11、rs.A. is writing B. was writingC. wroteD. has written* 5. Our country a lot so far.Yes. I hope it will be even.A. has changed; wellB. changed; goodC. has changed; betterD. changed; better* 6. Zhao Lan already in this school for two years.A. was; studyingB. will; studyC. has; studiedD. are; studying*

12、 7. We Xiao Li since she was a little girl.A. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knew* 8. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I it twice.A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see* 9. These farmers have been to the United States.Really? When there?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone*10.

13、His father the Party （ 黨）since 1978.A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in*11. Do you know him well?Sure. We friends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have become D. have made*12. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes.A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began* 13. Miss Green isn 

14、9; t in the office. She to the library.A. has gone B. went C. will go D. has been* 14. My parents Shandong for ten years.A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been* *15. His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university、

15、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I just my homework. (finish)2. He to school on foot every day. (go)3. you your science book yet? (find)4. Look! The monkey the tree. (climb)5. My mother to see me next Sunday. (come)6. I How many sheep you? Only one. (get)7. I ' ve lost my pen.you it anywhere? (see)三、漢譯英。1 .你曾經(jīng)吃過魚

16、和薯條嗎？2 .吉姆已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)，他現(xiàn)在有空了。3 .他們?nèi)ッ绹呀?jīng)五年了。4 .我以前從沒去過那個農(nóng)場。5 .他昨天收到一封信。6 .我父親以前到過長城。7 .她還沒有看過那部新電影。8 .她去過上海兩次。9 .他這些天上哪兒去了？10 .我哥哥還沒回來。Keys:一、1. B 2. C3. C解題思路：本題考查時間狀語的使用。B、D選項常用于一般過去時，A項的just常用于現(xiàn)在完成時,故選Co4. D解題思路：in the past two years在過去的兩年里 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時。5. C解題思路：so far常用于現(xiàn)在完成時，even用來修飾比較級。6. C解題思路：already是

17、現(xiàn)在完成時中經(jīng)常使用的時間狀語。7. C解題思路：since引導(dǎo)的是表示過去的時間狀語從句，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。8. B解題思路：twice兩次，句意為“已看過兩次了"，故選Bo9. B解題思路：have been to表示去過某地，是過去的事情了，因此問什么時候去的要用一般過去時。10. D解題思路：入黨用join the Party,但join是非延續(xù)性動詞，故選 D。11. B解題思路：since+表示過去的時間狀語，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，并需要用延續(xù)性動詞，因此選B。12. C解題思路：begin為非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，故用 has been on,表示上演一

18、段時間了。13. A解題思路：根據(jù)句意“不在辦公室”，可知去了某地，應(yīng)用 have gone to ,故選A。14. A解題思路：句意為：“父母在山東住了十年了”，結(jié)合句意可知選Ao15. C解題思路：A、B、D中的動詞均為非延續(xù)性動詞，不能與 for more than 9 years 連用。二、1. have; finished2. goes3. Have; found4. is climbing5. will come6. have; got7. Have; seen三、漢譯英。1. Have you ever eaten fish and French fries?2. Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.3. They have been in