1、英語詞形的適當形式填空題答題技巧用所給動詞的適當形式填空，是英語中考中必考的一個題型。在考試中10分。在做題時要看主語，定時態，注意主謂一致。重點是動詞的時態。英語中的時態主要就是八大時態。一般現在時，一般過去時，現在進行時，過去進行時，現在完成時，過去完成時，一般將來時，過去將來時。何種情況下該使用哪種時態，每種時態中明顯的標志詞，主要是時間狀語，除了考察動詞時態外，還考察各種時態的不同語態-主動語態和被動語態。一. 對名詞的考查1.考查名詞的單數形式轉換成復數形式(1).名詞的單數形式轉換成復數形式(規則變化)一般情況下直接在單數名詞之后加-s變為復數名詞。例如：deskdesks, ke

2、ykeys, monkeymonkeys, boyboys等以-x,-s,-ch,-sh,結尾的單數名詞變為復數名詞時，在單數名詞之后加-es。例如：foxfoxes, bossbosses, busbuses, classclasses, dressdresses, witnesswitnesses, addressaddresses, beachbeaches, coachcoaches, couchcouches,inchinches,sandwichsanwiches, churchchurches,watchwatches,matchmatches,speechspeeches,wi

3、tchwitches,dishdishes,brushbrushes,goldfishgoldfish, fishfishes, toothbrushtoothbrushes等。以o結尾的單數名詞變為復數名詞時，在單數名詞之后加-s的有：zoozoos,radioradios,photophotos,pianopianos,kilokilos, mangomangos,bamboobamboos,kangarookangaroos。加-es有：tomatotomatoes, potatopotatoes, dodododoes/s,heroheroes。以輔音字母+y結尾的單數名詞變為復數名詞

4、時，先變y為i，再加-es。例如：familyfamilies,ladyladies,babybibies,copycopies,bodybodies,centurycenturies,diarydiaries,dictionarydictionaries,factoryfactories,librarylibaries,batterybatteries, documentrydocumentries,buddybuddies,abilityabilities,countrycountries,butterflybutterflies,enemyenemies,memorymemories,

5、balconybalconies,laboratorylaboratrories,beautybeauties, charitycharities,comedycomedies,industryindustries, quallityquallities,replyreplies,difficultydifficulties, theropytheropies, mysterymysteries, hobbyhobbies,storystories,citycities,laundrylaundries,activityactivities等。以f或 fe結尾的單數名詞變為復數名詞時，先變f或

6、 fe為v，再加-es。例如：halfhalves, knifeknives,wifewives,leafleaves, shelfshelves,herselfthemseves,scalfscalfs/scalves,wolfwolves等。考例1：2005年鎮江市 Look! There are some _ (bird) flying in the sky.分析：所給的詞bird是可數名詞的單數形式，根據主謂一致可知，應填名詞的復數形式，bird的復數形式是birds，因此應填birds.考例2：2005年泰州市 Your present is in one of the _. Can

7、 you guess? (box)分析：所給的詞box是可數名詞的單數形式，根據習慣表達 “one of the +可數名詞復數”可知，應填名詞的復數形式，box的復數形式是boxes，因此應填boxes。考例3：2004年淮安市 Newspaper reports say that some more _ (country) have become E.U.(歐盟)members this year.分析：所給的詞country是可數名詞的單數形式，根據主謂一致可知,應用可數名詞的復數形式，因此應填countries。考例4：2003年濟南市 The earthquake rocked th

8、e cities in the north of Algeria. Many people lost their _. (life)分析：所給的詞life是可數名詞的單數形式，根據句意可知，應用名詞的復數形式，life的復數形式為lives，因此應填lives。(2).名詞的單數形式轉換成復數形式(不規則變化)footfeet,toothteeth,childchildren,manmen,womanwomen, policemanpolicemen,policewomanpolicewomen, FrenchmanFrenchmen,snowmansnowmen,businessman bu

9、sinessmen,EnglishmanEnglishmen,gentlemangentlemen, salesmansalesmen, mousemice/mouses(鼠標),sheepsheep, ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese, fishfish等。考例1：2004年無錫市 Its good for us to brush our _ (tooth) after meals.分析：所給的詞tooth是可數名詞的單數形式，根據句意可知，應用名詞的復數形式，而tooth的復數形式是不規則的，為teeth，因此應填teeth。2.考查名詞的所有格考例1：20

10、05年泰州市 Chocolate is usually _ favourite food. (child)分析：所給的詞child是可數名詞的單數形式，根據句意“巧可力是孩子們最喜愛的食物”可知，所填的詞在句中作定語，應用復數名詞的所有格作定語，child的復數形式的所有格為childrens，因此應填childrens。考例2：2005年淮安市 Tomorrow is _ (father) Day. What will you do for your dad?分析：所給的詞father是可數名詞的單數形式，根據句意可知，“父親節”為Fathers Day,因此應填Fathers。注意：母親節

11、為Mothers Day,婦女節為Womens Day,兒童節為Childrens Day,教師節為Teachers Day。3.考查名詞轉換成形容詞名詞轉換成形容詞有以下幾種情況：(1).名詞+y 形容詞 例如：rainrainy,windwindy,cloudcloudy,sunsunny,snowsnowy,fogfoggy,mistmisty,healthhealthy,lucklucky,unluckunlucky,noisenoisy,fun funny,thirstthirsty等。(2).名詞+ful形容詞 例如：carecareful, thankthankful,helph

12、elpful,useuseful,wonderwonderful,colourcolourful,painpainful,successsuccessful等。(3).名詞+n形容詞 例如：AmericaAmerican, RussiaRussian,IndiaIndian, AustraliaAustralian, CanadaCanadian,ItalyItalian等。(4).名詞+ ern形容詞 例如：easteastern,westwestern,northnorthern,southsouthern等。(5).名詞 +ous形容詞 例如:dangerdangerous,famefa

13、mous等。注意：friendfriendly,woolwoolen,differencedifferent,difficultydifficult,importanceimportant,prideproud,personpersonal,safetysafe,confidenceconfident等。考例1：2005年鎮江市 What a _ (rain) day! We have to stay at home.分析：所給的詞rain在此處應理解為名詞，根據句意可知，所填的詞在句中作定語，修飾day，應用形容詞，rain的形容詞為rainy，因此應填rainy。 考例2：2005年徐州市

14、 Too much homework is really _ (pain) to students.分析：所給的詞pain為名詞，根據句意可知，所填的詞在句中作表語，應用形容詞，pain的形容詞為 painful，即應填painful。4.考查名詞變為副詞successsuccessfully,carecarefully,carecarelessly,healthhealthily,noisenoisily等。考例：2005年泰州市 They played so _ that they lost the football match. (care)分析：所給的詞care在此處應理解為名詞，根據

15、句意可知，所填的詞在句中作狀語，修飾played，應用副詞，care的副詞為carefully,即應填carefully。二對數詞的考查1.考查基數詞轉換成序數詞基數詞變為序數詞時,一般情況下在基數詞之后加-th。例如：four fourth但是，特殊的基數詞變為序數詞可用以下口訣來幫助記憶：一、二、三單獨記，八去t,九去e,五和十二記仔細，f來把ve替，ty變成 tie，后面再加th。即：onefirst,twosecond,threethird,eight eighth,nineninth,fivefifth,twelvetwelfth,twenty twentieth,thirtythi

16、rtieth,fortyfortieth,fiftyfiftieth,sixtysixtieth,seventyseventieth,eighty eightieth,ninetyninetieth等。考例1：2005年鎮江市 The _ (eight) lesson is not so easy as the ninth lesson, I think.分析：所給的詞eight為基數詞,根據習慣表達“第八課”應用序數詞，eight的序數詞為 eighth,即應填eighth。 考例2：2005年揚州市We will have the _ celebration for the return

17、of Hong Kong. (nine)分析：(略)應填ninth。考例3：2005年泰州市The students from America live on the _ floor. (nine)分析：(略)應填ninth。考例4：2005年徐州市Liu Xiang got the _ (one) in his competition of the 2004Olympic Games.分析：(略)應填first。2. 考查分數詞 考例：2005年淮安市 Two _ (three) of the boys in my class are in the school football team.

18、分析：所給的詞three是基數詞，根據句意可知，本題是考查分數詞的表達，分子用基數詞表示，分母用序數詞表示。當分子大于1時，表示分母的序數詞應用復數形式，因此應用three的序數詞third的復數形式thirds,即應填thirds。三對代詞的考查1.考查人稱代詞主賓格之間的轉換中考中不常出現。2.考查物主代詞之間的轉換 考例：2005年宿遷市 Yesterday I was doing some shopping in the supermarket when I met a friend of _ (my).分析：所給的詞my為形容詞性物主代詞，根據句意可知，應用名詞性物主代詞作介詞of的

19、賓語，即應填my的名詞性物主代詞 mine。3.考查人稱代詞轉換成自身代詞考例1：2005年泰州市The clever girl could teach _ English when she was ten. (she)分析：所給的詞she為人稱代詞主格，根據習慣表達teach oneself sth.可知，應用自身代詞作賓語，即應填she的自身代詞herself。考例2：2005年常州市 Thanks to space satellites, the world _ (it) is becoming a much smaller place.分析：所給的詞it為人稱代詞，根據句意可知，應用自

20、身代詞作主語的同位語，即應填it 的自身代詞itself。4. 考查人稱代詞轉換成物主代詞考例1：2005年鎮江市 My schoolbag is different from _ (he). Mine is newer.分析：所給的詞he為人稱代詞主格，根據句意可知，應用名詞性物主代詞作介詞from的賓語，即應填his。考例2：2005年揚州市 Our way of learning English is a lot better than _. (they)分析：(略)應填theirs。考例3：2005年淮安市 _ (we) city, Huaian ,is Zhou Enlans hom

21、etown. We are proud of him.分析：(略)應填Our。考例4：2005年徐州市 This is my dictionary. Where is _ (you)?分析：(略)應填yours。四對形容詞的考查1.考查形容詞的比較級/最高級(1).形容詞比較級/最高級的規則變化一般單音節的形容詞在詞尾加-er/-est 例如：blackblacker/est,brightbrighter/est此外還有：cheap, clear, clean, clever, cold, cool, dear, dark, deep, fast, few,full,great,green,h

22、ard,high,kind,light,long,low,near,new,old,poor,quick,quiet,rich,short,slow,small,steep,strong,sweet,tall,thick,yellow,young, warm, weak等。以字母e結尾的形容詞，只須在詞尾加-r/-st。例如：blue bluer/st, largelarger/st 此外還有：able, huge, late, nice, fine, free, white, wide, simple, safe, strange, polite, purple等。以重讀閉音節結尾的形容詞，

23、末尾只有一個輔音字母，要先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er/-est。例如：bigbigger/est,fatfatter/est此外還有：dim, red, thin, sad, wet, hot, glad等。以輔音字母+y結尾的形容詞，先把y變為i，再加-er/-est。例如：angryangrier/est, easyeasier/est此外還有：busy, happy, heavy, empty, noisy, lucky, hungry, dirty, early, ready, sunny, windy, lazy, tidy, healthy, rainy, snowy, dry,

24、 unhappy, unlucky, pretty等。多音節形容詞和部分雙音節形容詞以及由分詞轉化來的形容詞，須在詞前加more/most。例如：beautifulmore/most beautiful,tired more/most tired此外還有：careful, interesting, difficult, different, dangerous, expensive, famous, important, interested, helpful, modern, useful, wonderful, worried, amazing, boring, serious等。有些形容

25、詞的比較級和最高級的構成，既可以在詞為加-er/est，又可以在詞前加more/most。例如：clever, common, polite, quiet, peasant, simple等。(2).形容詞比較級/最高級的不規則變化badworseworst goodbetterbest much/manymoremost littlelessleast考例1：2005年鎮江市 Our team was much _ (strong) than theirs. We won the game at last.分析：所給的詞strong為形容詞，根據句意可知，應用形容詞的比較級，即應填stron

26、g 的比較級stronger。考例2：2005年揚州市 The more exercise you take, the _ youll be. (health)分析：(略)應填healthier。考例3：2005年泰州市 Houses in some cities now are much _ than before. (expensive)分析：(略)應填more expensive。2.考查形容詞轉換成副詞形容詞+ly副詞 badbadly,brightbrightly,certaincertainly,carefulcarefully,carelesscarelessly,clearcl

27、early, cleancleanly,loudloudly,politepolitely,quickquickly,quietquietly,realreally,sadsadly,safesafelyslowslowly,strongstrongly,usualusually,widewidely,angryangrily,heavyheavily,easyeasily,happyhappily,silentsilently,luckyluckily,suddensuddenly,busybusilyexactexactly,neatneatly,noisynoisily,successf

28、ulsuccessfully,terribleterribly,truetruly,等。注意：earlyearly,fastfast,goodwell等。考例：2005年揚州市Be careful, or you wont work out the physics problem _.(easy)分析：所給的詞easy為形容詞，根據句意可知，應用副詞修飾動詞work out，因此應填easy的副詞 easily。3.考查形容詞轉換成名詞參見“名詞轉換為形容詞”注意：illillness foreignforeigner highheight truetruth 考例：2005年南京市When

29、he saw the boy was in danger, Edison rushed out and carried him to _ (safe).分析：所給的詞safe為形容詞，根據句意可知，應用名詞作介詞to的賓語，即應填safe的名詞 safety。五對副詞的考查1.考查副詞的比較級/最高級(1).副詞比較級/最高級的規則變化一般單音節的副詞在詞尾加-er/-est 例如：fastfaster/est,hardharder/est,longlonger/est,loudlouder/est,highhigher/est,soonsonner/est注意：earlyearlier/es

30、t多音節副詞和部分雙音節副詞，須在詞前加more/most。例如：angrilymore/most angrily 此外還有：quietly,quickly,sadly, slowly,widely,suddenly,happily,politly,clearly,often,carefully, carelessly,luckily等。(2).副詞比較級/最高級的不規則變化wellbetterbest, badlyworseworst,farfartherfurther/farthestfurthest考例：2005年南京市 Mike and I started to learn paint

31、ing at the same time, but now he can paint much _ (good) than I.分析：所給的詞good為形容詞，根據句意可知，應用副詞的比較級，即應填good的副詞 well的比較better。2.考查副詞轉換成形容詞中考中不常出現。六對動詞的考查1.考查動詞轉換成名詞動詞轉換成名詞常見的有：(1).動詞+er名詞 workworker,teachteacher,keepkeeper,paintpainter,sellseller,speakspeaker,waitwaiter,cleancleaner, playplayer, surfsurf

32、er,singsinger,ownowner等。(2).動詞+r名詞 managemanager,writewriter,dancedancer,divediver drivedriver,strikestriker等。注意：runrunner,swimswimmer,traveltraveller,winwinner, robrobber,cookcook等。(3). 動詞+or名詞 visitvisitor,inventinventor(4). 動詞+(t)ion名詞invention,oprateopration,discussdiscussion,pollutepollution,(5

33、). 動詞+ing名詞parkparking,meanmeaning,surfsurfing,traintraining,shopshopping,meetmeeting,turnturning,crosscrossing,beginbeginning,buildbuilding,cleancleaning,drawdrawing,paintpainting,swimswimming,washwashing等。注意：robrobbery,pleasepleasure, diedeath,thinkthought,knowknowledge,appearappearance,disappeard

34、isappearance,drydrought,flyflight等。考例1：2005年南京市Some foreign _(visit) from England came to our school last week.分析：所給的visit為動詞，根據句意可知，應用名詞作主語，即應填visit的名詞復數 visitors.考例2：2005年鎮江市 Paul is the best basketball _ (play) on school team.分析：(略)應填player。考例3：2005年徐州市 We feel sorry that Chen Yifei, a famous _ (paint), died when he was fifty-nine.分析：(略)應填painter。考例4：2005年淮安市 Every child has a dream. My life dream is to be a pop _ (sing).分析：(略)應填singer。2.考查動詞轉換成形容詞動詞轉換成形容詞一般都是轉換成其相應的形容詞化的過去分詞或現在分詞：