1、IT項目管理術語對照I應用領域I分配的工作量批準批準已批準的變更請求箭線箭線圖截止日期假設假設分析職權英文術語漢語翻譯Accept驗收Acceptance驗收Acceptance Criteria驗收標準Acquire Project Team Pro cess獲取項目團隊Activity活動Activity Attributes Out put/l nput活動屬性Activity Code活動編碼Activity Defin iti on Pro cess活動定義Activity Description （ AD）活動描述Activity Durati on活動歷時Activity Dur

2、ati on Estimati ng Pro cess活動歷時估算Activity Ide ntifier活動標識符Activity List Out put/Input活動列表Activity-on-Arrow（ AOA）AOA、雙代號法Activity-on-Node （ AON）AON、單代號法Activity Resource Estimat ing Pro cess活動資源估算Activity Seque ncing P rocess活動排序Actual Cost （ AC）實際成本Actual Cost of Work Performed （ ACWP）已執行工作的實際成本Actu

3、al Duratio n實際歷時Actual Finish Date （ AF）實際完成日期Actual Start Date （ AS）, -實際開始日期An alogous Estimat ing Tech niq ue類比估算ApP licati on AreaApportioned Effort （ AE） ApP rovalApproveApproved Change RequestArrowArrow Diagramming Method （ADM）As-of DateAssu mp ti ons Out put/InputAssumpti ons An alysis Tech n

4、iq ueBackward P ass逆向推算Bar Chart Tool條形圖（甘特圖）Baseli nej-基線Baseli ne Finish Date基線完成日期Baseli ne Start Date基線開始日期AuthorityBill of Materials ( BOM )Bottom-up Estimat ing Tech niq ueBrain storm ing Tech niq ueBudgetBudget at CompIetion (BAC )Budgeted Cost of Work Performed ( BCWP) Budgeted Cost of Work

5、Scheduled_( BCWS ) BufferBuyer材料單I自底向上估算頭腦風暴預算完工預算已執行工作的預算成本I 十劃工作的預算成本Cale ndar Un it pha nge ControlCha nge Co ntrol Board (CCB)Cha nge Control System ToolChange RequestChart of Acco unts ToolCharterChecklist Out put/InputClaimClose P roject ProcessClosing Processes P rocess GroupCode of Accou nts

6、 ToolCo-locati on Tech niq ueCommon CauseCommun icati onCommun icatio n Man ageme nt Plan Out put/InputCommun icati ons Planning Pro cessCompen sati onComponentiguration Man ageme nt System ToolCon stra in t I nputCon ti ngency Contingency Allowa neeCon ti ngency Reserve Out put/Input Contract Outpu

7、t/I nputContract Adm ini strati on P rocessContract Closure Pro cessCon tract Man ageme nt Pla n Out put/InputCon tract Stateme nt of Work ( SOW) Out put/l nputCon tract Work Breakdow n Structure (CWBS ) Output/ In put緩沖 買方 日歷單位 變更控制 變更控制委員會 變更控制系統 變更請求 賬目圖表 章程（憲章） 檢查單 索償、索賠 結項（結束項目） 結束（收尾）過程 賬目編碼 同

8、地辦公共同原因溝通 溝通管理計劃 溝通規劃補償 部（組）件 配置管理系統 約束（條件） 意外、應急情況 應急余量 應急儲備合同合同管理合同終止/收尾 合同管理計劃 合同工作說明書 合同工作分解結構控制Con trol Tech niq ueControl Accou nt （ CA） ToolControl Account Plan_（CAP）_ToolControl Chart ToolControl LimitsCon trolli ngCorrective Actio nCostCost Baseli neCost Budgeti ng P rocess Cost Con trol Pr

9、ocessCost Estimati ng Pro cess Cost Man ageme nt Pla n Out put/InputCost of Quality_（ COQ）_Technique Cost Performa nee In dex （ CPI）Cost-Plus-Fee （CPF）Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee （ CPFF） Contract Cost- Plus-1 ncen tive-Fee （ CPIF） Co ntract Cost-Plus-Percentage of Cost （ CPPC） Cost-Reimbursable Contract Cos

10、t Varianee（ CV） Crash ing Tech niq ueCreate WBS （ Work Breakdown Structure）Process CriteriaCritical ActivityCritical Chain Method Tech ni queI控制帳目I控制賬目計劃 控制圖控制范圍 控制糾正措施 成本成本基線成本預算 成本控制 成本估算 成本管理計劃 質量成本 成本績效系數 成本加附加費成本加固定附加費合同 成本加獎勵合同 成本加成本比率合同 成本償還合同成本偏差壓縮、趕工創建工作分解結構準則/標準關鍵活動關鍵鏈法關鍵路徑關鍵路徑法當前結束日期Decom

11、poseCritical Path Method （ CPM ） Technique Current Finish DateDeco mpo siti on Tech niqueDefectDefect Rep air Deliverable Out put/Input Delphi Tech ni que Tech niquel Dependency分解分解缺陷缺陷修復可交付物 德爾菲技術依賴關系Critical Path Out put/InputDesig n Review Tech niq ue設計評審Develop P roject Charter Pro cess制定項目章程Dev

12、elop P roject Man ageme nt Plan Pro cess制定項目管理計劃Develop Project Scope Statement ( Preliminary ) Process制定項目范圍說明書（初步）Develop Project Team P rocess項目團隊建設Direct and Man age Project Executi on Pro cess指導和管理項目執行Disci pli ne學科、專業Discrete Effort離散工作量Docume nt文檔Docume nted Procedure總結并記錄下來的流程Dummy Activity虛

13、活動Duration ( DU or DUR )歷時Early Fi nish Date (EF)最早結束時間Early Start Date ( ES)最早開始時間Earned Value (EV)掙值Earned Value Management ( EVM )掙值管理Earned Value Technique ( EVT ) Technique掙值技術Effort工作量Enterp rise企業Enterp rise Environmen tal Factors Out put/Input企業環境因素/事業環境因素Estimate Out put/lnp ut估算Estimate at

14、 Completion ( EAC) Output/Input完工估算Estimate to Complete ( ETC) Output/lnputj-完工尚需估算Event事件Excep ti on Report異常報告Execute1執行Executi ng執行Execut ing Processes Pro cess Group1 -執行過程Executi on執行Expected Monetary Value ( EMV ) Analysis期望貨幣值分析Expert Judgme nt Tech niq ue專家判斷Failure Mode and Effect Analysis

15、(FMEA ) Technique失效模式和影響分析Fast Track ing Tech niq uej快速跟進Fi nish Date結束日期Finish-to-Finish( FF)結束-結束Finish-to-Start ( FS)結束-開始Firm-Fixed-Price ( FFP ) Con tract j固定總價合同Fixed-P rice-I ncen tive-Fee ( FPIF ) Con tractT-固定價格加獎勵合同Fixed-Price or Lump-Sum Contract固定價格或總額合同Float浮動時間Flowchart ing Tech niq ue

16、流程圖Forecasts預測、預想Forward P ass正向推算、正推法Free Float ( FF)自由浮動時間Functional Man ager職能經理Functional Organi zati on職能型組織Funds資金Gantt Chart甘特圖Goods貨物、物品、商品Grade等級Grou nd Rules Tool基本規則、條例Hammock Activity集合活動Historical In formatio n歷史信息Huma n Resource Planning Pro cess人力資源規劃Impo sed Date強制日期jn flue nee Diagr

17、am Tool影響圖In flue ncer有影響力的人jn formati on Distributi on Pro cess信息發布jn itiat ing Processes Process Group啟動過程、開始過程Ini tiator發起人nput Pro cess Input輸入nspection Tech niq ue審查jn tegralj-整體（構成整體所必須的）|n tegrated整體的In tegrated Change Control P rocess1整體變更控制|nvitation for Bid(IFB )1邀標書Issue問題、爭端kno wledge知識K

18、no wledge Area Process知識域過程knowledge Area , Project Management知識域、項目管理Lag Tech niq ue滯后Late Finish Date ( LF)h最遲結束時間Late Start Date ( LS), -最遲開始時間Latest Revised Estimate最新修訂的估算Lead Tech niq ue超前Less ons Lear ned Out put/Input經驗教訓Less ons Lear ned Kno wledge Base經驗知識庫Level of Effort ( LOE )投入水平Leveli

19、 ng平衡Life Cycle生命周期I人際網I節點目標、目的 （日常）運營 機會Organi zati on Chart Tool組織組織圖組織分解結構組織過程財富/組織過程資產初始歷時輸出IT項目管理術語對照Log日志Logic邏輯Logic Diagram邏輯圖Logical Relati on shi p邏輯關系Man age Project Team Pro cess管理項目團隊Man age Stakeholders Pro cess管理項目干系人Master Schedule Tool主進度表Materiel物資Matrix Orga ni zati on矩陣型組織Methodo

20、logy方法論Milesto ne里程碑Milesto ne Schedule Tool里程碑進度Mon itor監督Monitor and Control P roject Work P rocess監督和控制項目工作Mon itori ng監督Mon itori ng and Con troll ing Processes Pro cess Group監督和控制過程Monte Carlo An alysis蒙特卡洛分析Near-Critical Activity近關鍵路徑/次關鍵路徑Network網絡Network An alysis網絡分析Network Logic網絡邏輯Network

21、 Loo p網絡循環Network Open End1 -網絡開放端Network P ath網絡路徑Network ing Tech nique NodeObjectiveOp erati ons Opportun ityOrgani zati onOrganizational Breakdown Structure ( OBS) ToolOrgani zati onal Process Assets Out put/Input Origi nal Durati on(OD)Parametric Estimati ng Tech niq ue參數式估算Pareto Chart Tool帕累托

22、圖Path Convergence路徑會聚Path Diverge nee路徑發散Perce nt Complete ( PC or P CT)完成百分率Output Process OutputIT項目管理術語對照perform Quality Assura nee (QA) P rocess執行質量保證perform Quality Con trol(QC) P rocess執行質量控制Performa nee Measureme nt Baseli ne績效測量基線Performa nee Reporting Pro cess績效報告performa nee Rep orts Out p

23、ut/Input績效報告Performi ng Organi zati on執行組織Phase階段plan Contracting Pro cess計劃簽約Plan Purchases and Acquisiti ons P rocess計劃購買和獲取Planned Fi nish Date (PF)計劃結束時間Planned Start Date ( PS)計劃開始時間Planned Value ( PV)計劃值Planning Package計劃包Planning Processes P rocess Group計劃過程Portfolio投資組合Portfolio Man ageme nt

24、 Tech niq ue投資組合管理/項目組合管理Positi on Descri pti on Tool職（崗）位描述Practice慣例Precede nee Diagrammi ng Method ( PDM ) Tech niq ue前導圖法Precede nee Relatio nship前導關系Predecessor Activity前置活動Preven tive Acti on預防措施Probability and Imp act Matrix Toolq-概率和影響矩陣Procedure流程Process1過程Process Group過程組Procureme nt Docum

25、e nts Out put/Input采購文檔Procureme nt Man ageme nt Plan Out put/Input1 -采購管理計劃Product產品Product Life Cycle產品生命周期Product Scope產品范圍Product Scope Descri pti on產品范圍描述Program, -大型項目Program Man ageme nt大型項目管理Program Management Office (PMO )大型項目管理辦公室Progressive Elaborati on Tech niq ue漸進明細Project項目Project Cal

26、e ndar項目日歷Project Charter TOutout/I nDutl項目章程Project Commun icati ons Man ageme nt Kno wledge Area項目溝通管理Project Cost Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目成本管理Project Huma n Resource Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目人力資源管理Project In itiati on項目啟動Project In tegratio n Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目整體管理Projec

27、t Life Cycle項目生命周期Project Management ( PM)項目管理Project Management Body of Knowledge ( PMBOK?)項目管理知識體系Project Ma nageme nt In formation System ( P MIS) Tool項目管理信息系統Project Man ageme nt Kno wledge Area項目管理知識域Project Management Office (PMO )項目管理辦公室P roject Man ageme nt Pla n Out put/Input項目管理計劃Project M

28、an ageme nt P rocess項目管理過程Project Man ageme nt Process Group項目管理過程組Project Management Professional (PMP?)項目管理專業人員Project Man ageme nt Software Tool項目管理軟件Project Man ageme nt System Tool項目管理系統Project Man ageme nt Team項目管理團隊Project Manager (PM)項目經理Project Organi zatio n Chart Out put/Input項目組織章程Projec

29、t P hase項目階段Project P rocess Groups項目過程組Project Procureme nt Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目采購管理Project Quality Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目質量管理Project Risk Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目風險管理Project Schedule Out put/l nput項目進度Project Schedule Network Diagram Out put/l nput項目進度網絡圖Project Scope項目范

30、圍Project Scope Man ageme nt K no wledge Area項目范圍管理project Scope Man ageme nt Plan Out put/Input project Scope Stateme nt Out put/Input Project Spon sor項目范圍管理計劃項目范圍說明書I項目出資人Project Stakeholder項目干系人ProjectSummaryWorkBreakdow nStructure(PSWBS) Tool項目概要工作分解結構Project Team項目團隊Project Team Directory項目團隊名錄P

31、roject Team Members項目團隊成員Project Time Man ageme nt Kno wledge Area項目時間管理Project Work項目工作Projectized Organi zati on項目型組織Qualitative Risk An alysis P rocess定性風險分析Quality質量Quality Ma nageme nt Pla n Out pu t/I nput質量管理計劃Quality Planning P rocess質量規劃Quan titative Risk An alysis P rocess定量風險分析Regulati on

32、規章Reliability可靠性Remaining Duration （ RD）剩余歷時Request for In formati on征集資料/信息Request for Proposal （ RFP）方案征集書Request for Quotation （ RFQ）報價請求Request Seller Respon ses Pro cess請求賣方回應Requested Change Out put/Input, 1已申請的變更Requireme nt需求Reserve預留Reserve An alysis Tech niq ue預留分析Residual Risk殘余風險Resource

33、資源Resource Breakdow n Structure （ RBS）資源分解結構Resource Cale ndar資源日歷Resource-C on stra ined Schedule受限于資源的進度Resource Histogram資源圖Resource Leveli ng Tech niq ue1 -資源平衡Resource-Limited Schedule資源受限的進度Resource PlanningResponsibility Assignment Matrix（ RAM） ToolResultReta in ageReworkRiskI資源計劃I職責分配矩陣 成果、結

34、果 保證金Risk Acceptance Tech niqueRisk Avoida nee Tech niq ue返工風險風險接受風險規避 風險分解結構風險類別風險數據庫Risk Breakdow n Structure （RBS） Tool Risk CategoryRisk Ide ntificati on Pro cess風險識別Risk Ma nageme nt Pla n Out pu t/I nput風險管理計劃Risk Man ageme nt Planning P rocessj-風險管理規劃Risk Mitigation Techn iquel風險緩解Risk Mon it

35、ori ng and Control Pro cess風險監督和控制Risk DatabaseIT項目管理術語對照Risk Register Out put/Input風險登記表Risk Response Planning Pro cess風險響應規劃Risk Transference Tech niq ue風險轉移Role角色Rolli ng Wave Planning Tech niq ue滾動式計劃Root Cause An alysis Tech niq ue根本原因分析Schedule進度、進度表Schedule Activity進度活動Schedule An alysis進度分析S

36、chedule Comp ressi on Tech niq ue進度壓縮Schedule Con trol Process進度控制Schedule Development P rocess進度制定Schedule Ma nageme nt Pla n Out pu t/I nput進度管理計劃Schedule Milesto ne進度里程碑Schedule Model Tool進度模型Schedule Network An alysis Tech niq ue進度網絡分析Schedule Performanee Index (SPI)進度績效指數Schedule Varianee (SV)進

37、度偏差Scheduled Fin ish Date (SF)計劃結束時間Scheduled Start Date (SS)計劃開始時間Scope范圍Scope Baseli ne范圍基線Scope Change范圍變更Scope Control Pro cess范圍控制Scope Creep范圍曼延Scope Defin iti on P rocess范圍定義Scope Planning Pro cess范圍規劃Scope Verificati on Pro cess 范圍驗證S-CurveS曲線Secondary Risk二次風險Select Sellers P rocess賣方（供方）選擇

38、Seller賣方、供方Sen sitivity An alysisj-敏感度（靈敏度）分析Service服務Should-Cost Estimate理想成本估算Simulatio n模擬Skill技能Slack5-松弛量Special Cause特定原因Sp ecificati on規格說明書IT項目管理術語對照Sp ecificati on Limits規格限定pponsor出資人、出資方Staffing Man ageme nt Plan P rocess人員配置管理計劃Stakeholder項目干系人Stan dard標準Start Date開始時間Start-to-Fi nish (SF)開始-結束Start-to-S