1、“七選五七選五”解題步驟解題步驟 與技巧與技巧1.題型歸納題型歸納:完形填空填的是完形填空填的是詞詞，七選五填的是，七選五填的是句子，句子， 但考察重點相似。該題型在新課標(biāo)卷出現(xiàn)以來均采但考察重點相似。該題型在新課標(biāo)卷出現(xiàn)以來均采用用說明文。說明文。2.選材特點選材特點： 短文一般為短文一般為300詞左右的說明文或議論文，其中正詞左右的說明文或議論文，其中正文詞數(shù)文詞數(shù)240左右，選項詞數(shù)左右，選項詞數(shù)60左右。短文篇章結(jié)構(gòu)常左右。短文篇章結(jié)構(gòu)常歸納為：歸納為：提出問題提出問題解決問題解決問題，一般不在首句設(shè)，一般不在首句設(shè)空。空。 3 . 主旨句主旨句 （標(biāo)題類，主題句類）（標(biāo)題類，主題句類

2、） 設(shè)空類型設(shè)空類型 過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)） 細(xì)節(jié)注釋性句子（上下文邏輯細(xì)節(jié)注釋性句子（上下文邏輯 意義）意義） 2015年的高考將繼續(xù)以年的高考將繼續(xù)以說明文說明文為為主。主。對對細(xì)節(jié)題細(xì)節(jié)題的考察為七選五的考查的考察為七選五的考查重點。重點。 1.先讀先讀文章的開始部分文章的開始部分，明確文章的基本話題，明確文章的基本話題,然后仔細(xì)然后仔細(xì)閱讀五個空各自的閱讀五個空各自的前后前后句句尋找并畫出尋找并畫出關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞。（一名。（一名(名詞名詞)袋（袋（代詞代詞）鼠（）鼠（數(shù)詞數(shù)詞）很特殊（）很特殊（特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞），），連（連（連詞連詞）蹦（）蹦（動詞動詞）帶跳很

3、彪（）帶跳很彪（標(biāo)點標(biāo)點/標(biāo)題標(biāo)題）悍。）悍。） 2.要對文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分要對文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：為三種：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接。可按這幾個。可按這幾個原則判斷原文的空與選項是否匹配。原則判斷原文的空與選項是否匹配。 3.一旦確定一個選項，就要在該選項上做出標(biāo)記（例如一旦確定一個選項，就要在該選項上做出標(biāo)記（例如可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。 4.將將選項選項代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定選項。選項。細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題

4、技巧細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧 (詞匯的銜接或邏輯的銜接詞匯的銜接或邏輯的銜接)答題技巧：答題技巧：1.詞匯的銜接包括：詞匯的銜接包括：1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn) 復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。同的位置對同一個概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。 復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指、同義、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。 The scientists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur

5、 bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut today, we enjoy eating a

6、 lot of these.CIn that case, they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.GModern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization. sicknessessic

7、knessesE同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同詞復(fù)現(xiàn) On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones

8、school,family, The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.However?反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)2)2)同范疇詞出現(xiàn)同范疇詞出現(xiàn)同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語義銜接的目的。你可以在選項中找到與義銜接的目的。你

9、可以在選項中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。 Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted a

10、dult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. C. Different people feel stress in different ways E. You need to figure out what the problem

11、 is. F. And dont forget about your friends. 可以相信的人可以相信的人=父母父母+親戚親戚+朋友（同范疇）朋友（同范疇）F3)3)代詞線索代詞線索 英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。題。itit可指代單數(shù)名詞或整個句子；可指代單數(shù)名詞或整個句子；theythey或或themthem指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞；指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞

12、；oneone指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；thatthat指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子；指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子；thisthis指代單數(shù)指代單數(shù)名詞或句子名詞或句子; these ; these 或或thosethose指代前句的復(fù)指代前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。數(shù)名詞。 73 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.A. Doctors s

13、ay the solution is learning how to deal with anger.C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.TheyA 72 72 .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling th

14、eir temper._7373_E. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.G. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids. GE 過渡性句子過渡性句子可以從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷可分為：可以從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷可分為：+A, 并列關(guān)系：并列關(guān)系：First(ly),Second(ly),；First, then/next；In the first place， in the second place;for

15、one thing, for another thing ,.；then /next ,finally/last 等。等。+B, 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：too ,also, besides, further ,furthermore ,moreover ,whats more , in addition , as well , to make matters worse ,not .but. ,not only .but also等。等。+C, 解釋例證關(guān)系：解釋例證關(guān)系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actual

16、ly ,in other words /that is to say 等等+D, 因果關(guān)系：因果關(guān)系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(結(jié)果）結(jié)果） ,as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .等等+E, 轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / c

17、omparison 等等+F, 概況歸納關(guān)系：概況歸納關(guān)系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等等2.邏輯關(guān)系的銜接邏輯關(guān)系的銜接B. There are three practical note-taking methods. A. You must write your notes on separate paper. C. First, the simple ac

18、t of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. _ .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.C篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略 1)如果問題在段首如果問題在段首 通常是段落主題句。通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞

19、或其他相關(guān)的詞，段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題。題。2)如果問題在段尾如果問題在段尾 通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。注意在選項中查找注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號詞，如表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號詞，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（2010新課標(biāo)全國卷）新課標(biāo)全

20、國卷）+ 73_+When a person is asking a question , show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.+A.Show your true interest.+B.Restate the question with respect .+C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.(2011遼寧卷）遼寧卷）+Go for a walk.+ Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖葡萄

21、糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical are blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain . _ 74_+A. This can be especially harmful to the aged.+B. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading .+

22、C. In other words ,when you take care of your body ,you take care of your brain .AC+注重實效注重實效。閱讀時不僅要注意文章的細(xì)節(jié)，更應(yīng)該注。閱讀時不僅要注意文章的細(xì)節(jié)，更應(yīng)該注意文章的布局。意文章的布局。+注意命題陷阱。注意命題陷阱。切忌當(dāng)同樣的詞，同樣的名字或同樣切忌當(dāng)同樣的詞，同樣的名字或同樣的日期都在語文或節(jié)選段落中出現(xiàn)，就認(rèn)為它們是正確的日期都在語文或節(jié)選段落中出現(xiàn)，就認(rèn)為它們是正確的選項，一定要符合邏輯，確保文章內(nèi)容嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。的選項，一定要符合邏輯，確保文章內(nèi)容嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。+注重速度注重速度。進(jìn)行限時訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)

23、實戰(zhàn)觀念，不可拖沓。進(jìn)行限時訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)實戰(zhàn)觀念，不可拖沓。+將近幾年將近幾年高考題高考題進(jìn)行分析，重點分析結(jié)構(gòu)清晰分明的進(jìn)行分析，重點分析結(jié)構(gòu)清晰分明的說明文和議論文。說明文和議論文。經(jīng)驗一經(jīng)驗一：前瞻后顧，尋找：前瞻后顧，尋找信號詞信號詞，回，回到選擇項中篩選。到選擇項中篩選。 (復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn))經(jīng)驗二經(jīng)驗二：濃縮句意，意義匹配，整體把：濃縮句意，意義匹配，整體把握。握。 (同義同義)經(jīng)驗三經(jīng)驗三：以段落為單位梳理文章脈絡(luò)：以段落為單位梳理文章脈絡(luò),留留意文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)意文章的起承轉(zhuǎn). (邏輯及結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯及結(jié)構(gòu)) 經(jīng)驗分享經(jīng)驗分享三、總結(jié)：三、總結(jié)： 主旨大意把握好，讀懂選項更重要主旨大意把握好，讀懂

24、選項更重要 關(guān)鍵信息相匹配，核查排除不可少關(guān)鍵信息相匹配，核查排除不可少Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 . That is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibi

25、lity to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, 37. Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relation

26、ship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. （幸福）（幸福）A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationship