1、高二英語(yǔ)高二英語(yǔ)寒假專(zhuān)題寒假專(zhuān)題閱讀理解題型及解題技巧閱讀理解題型及解題技巧下篇下篇人教實(shí)驗(yàn)人教實(shí)驗(yàn)版版【本講教育信息本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：寒假專(zhuān)題閱讀理解題型及解題技巧下篇二. 教學(xué)目標(biāo)： 1. 掌握閱讀題中五大題型 2. 結(jié)合練習(xí)掌握解題技巧三. 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 如何根據(jù)閱讀理解題考查角度的不同，采用不同的解題技巧 1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解 2. 猜想詞義 3. 推理判斷 4. 主旨大意 5. 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度三. 推理判斷：這種題型屬于主觀題，是層次較高的設(shè)題。主要是檢測(cè)考生能否通過(guò)文章的字面意思去領(lǐng)悟作者的言外之意的能力。它要求考生依據(jù)全篇內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推理判斷。 注意解題技巧： 1.

2、 不選擇照抄原文的選項(xiàng)，要選擇有同義詞解釋的選項(xiàng)。 2. 不選事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)選項(xiàng) 3. 不選非事實(shí)選項(xiàng) 4. 選概括性/哲理性的選項(xiàng) 常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)形式有： 1. it can be inferred/concluded from the passage that _ 2. the passage suggests/implies that _ 3. by the first sentence of the second paragraph, the author means _ 4. we can conclude that_. 5. when the writer talks about., what

3、 he really means is that_. 6. which of the following can be inferred from the passage?sample i when the young waitress near my house started saying hello to me every day, i was very happy. she was at least fifteen years younger than i. one day she signed me to come near. when i walked over, she aske

4、d, “are you single? “why, yes. i answered, smiling at her happily. “so is my mother. she said, “would you like to meet her? 1. the writer talked about the waitress age because he thought_. a. she was young b. it a pleasure to make friends with her c. she was beautiful d. it strange for her to fall i

5、n love with him 2. the waitress said hello to the writer every day because_. a. she lived near his house b. he often went to visit her mother c. she wanted to be friendly with him d. she loved him very much d csample ii annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool

6、 very slowly. if metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping (浸) it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle-that is, it will break easily. metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. it is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as it is

7、 wished, by annealing it. the metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. the longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass. 1. why do people put hot metal in water? a. to make it hard.b.

8、 to make it soft. c. to make it cool.d. to make it brittle. 2. in annealing, the required hardness of metal depends on _. a. the quantity of water used b. the temperature of the metal c. the softness of the metal d. the timing of the operation 3. as suggested by the text, how can glass be made less

9、brittle? a. it can be heated and then cooled quickly. b. it can be cooled and then heated slowly. c. it can be heated and then cooled slowly. d. it can be cooled and then heated quickly. d d c四. 主旨大意：加工與濃縮信息的能力 1. 標(biāo)題類(lèi)常見(jiàn)的題型： 1the best title/ headline for this passage might be_. 2the text (passage) co

10、uld be entitled . 3what is the best title for the passage? 4which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage? 2. 大意類(lèi)常見(jiàn)題型 1this passage chiefly deals with_. 2whats the topic of the article? 3what is the subject discussed in the text? 4with what topic is the passage chiefly concerne

11、d? 3. 目的主旨大意常見(jiàn)題型 1the authors main purpose in writing the passage is_. 2the passage is meant to _. 3the purpose of this article is _. 4. 主題句呈現(xiàn)的形式 a. 文首：提出主題，隨之用細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)解釋?zhuān)位蜷_(kāi)展主題句所表達(dá)的主題思想。最常見(jiàn)的演繹法寫(xiě)作方式。sample 1 the panda is a popular animal. stories about the panda in the washington zoo are always front pa

12、ge news and important features on television newscasts. stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.sample 2 today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. the world population is rising, so quickly that

13、the world has become too crowded. we are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. if we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive. b. 文尾：在表述細(xì)節(jié)后, 歸納要點(diǎn), 印象, 結(jié)論建議或結(jié)果, 以概括主題. 這是英語(yǔ)中最常見(jiàn)的歸納法寫(xiě)作方式。 some students

14、 prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. others prefer to be left to work on their own. still others like a democratic discussion type of class. no one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. c. 文中：通常前面只提出問(wèn)題，文中的主題由隨之陳述的細(xì)節(jié)或符合邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出，而后又作進(jìn)一步的解釋, 支

15、撐或開(kāi)展。 nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a fire goes flat. few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. in fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand a campe

16、r also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out. d. 無(wú)主題句：即主題句隱含在全文中, 沒(méi)有明確的主題句，必須根據(jù)文篇中所提供的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，進(jìn)行全面考慮，綜合分析，然后找出共同的東西，歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時(shí)過(guò)于寬泛，要恰如其分。 joshua bingham studied 4 years at the university of paris and decided to leave his graduation. he transferred to the university

17、of berlin and graduated with honors. harvard law school and, later, boston college provided him with an excellent legal background. he is presently a corporation lawyer in miami, florida. what is the main idea of the passage? a. how joshua bingham became a lawyer. b. bingham is a diligent student. c

18、. joshua bingham received an excellent education. d. a good lawyer needs good education. c五. 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度：既考查學(xué)生對(duì)字面意思的理解，也考查學(xué)生對(duì)作者寫(xiě)作目的、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等的理解。正確理解作者的寫(xiě)作意圖，所持的觀點(diǎn)及闡述文章主題時(shí)的語(yǔ)氣或他對(duì)所論述的對(duì)象的態(tài)度。假設(shè)你是作者，你為什么要寫(xiě)本文？此類(lèi)考題的主要形式： 1. the writers purpose in writing this story is _ . 2. the text discusses men and women 50,000 ye

19、ars from now in order to show that _ . 注意：識(shí)別三種作者使用的表達(dá)情感、態(tài)度及觀點(diǎn)的詞匯，以及承接上下文的連接詞。 貶義：disgust, critical, negative, tolerant, disappointment 褒義：positive, wonder, support, useful, interesting, enthusiasm, admiring 中立：indifferent, impassive, uninterested, ambivalent, neutral, apathetic, humor, disinterested

20、, disinterestsample i one of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. it shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; signals to us from the roadside bill-boards all day and fl

21、ashes to us in colored lights all night. 根據(jù)文章中作者的用詞來(lái)判斷 the author appears _modern advertising. a. to likeb. to be indifferent to c. to disliked. to know how to deal withcsample ii millions of animals die each year on u.s. roads, the federal highway administration reports. in fact, only about 80 ocel

22、ots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the u.s. today. the main reason? roadkill. the writer uses the example of “ocelots to show that_. a. wild animals have become more dangerous b. the driving conditions have improved greatly c. the measure for protecting wildlife fails to workd. an increasing numb

23、er of animals are killed in road accidentsd【模擬試題模擬試題】aits not the flashiest car in the world. not even close. but the 1971 volkswagen named helios can do something most cars cant ：run on solar energyenergy from the suns light and head! joshua bechtold, 14,and the other students at the riverside scho

24、ol in lyndonville, vermont, worked many months to get helios ready. they named their car after helios, the sun god in greek mythology神話(huà).the 4-year-old tour de sol encourages the use of “green, or environmen-tally friendly, cars to help reduce pollution and save energy. its not a race. cars are judge

25、d on fuel efficiency耗油量rather than speed. in the week-long event, 44 cars took the 350-mile tour from waterbury, connecticut, to lake george, new york. of the 23 student cars, helios was the only one built by middle school students. a teacher drove helios, but the children talked with people whereve

26、r they stopped along the road. “that was my favorite part, says anna browne,15. “we explained how the car runs. due in part to old, inefficient batteries電池，helios finished fourthout of fourin its kind, the sun-powered class. “we were there for the fun of it, anna says, “were proud of helios, says ar

27、iel gleicher, 14. “its a car thats good for the environment. 1. what is special about the car helios in the text? a. it was built by middle school students. b. it has an attractive design. c. it was made in 1971. d. it won the fourth prize. 2. how many sun-powered cars took part in the race? a. 1b.

28、4c. 23d. 44 3. what would be the best title for the text? a. the making of helios. b. 1999 american tour de sol. c. sun-powered gars on the road. d. use of green cars in connecticut. 4. the students felt proud of helios because _. a. it could run as far as 350 miles b. it was favored by many childre

29、n c. it had high-quality batteries d. it was driven by clean energyb the other day, my friend jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. the time printed on the invitation was 7：30 p.m. jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song. by 9：45,everybody was having gr

30、eat fun, but no food had appeared. jane and david were restless. other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. but no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. by 11：00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. jane and david left hu

31、ngry and angry. their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. most of us would agree that 6：308：30 p.m. means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8：00 p.m. or 8：30 p.m. means possible din

32、ner, but 9：30 p.m. and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, roll up late. but this is not always the case. if asked to a students party at 6：30 p.m., it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight, if at all, and no one cares. being the first to arrivelooking eageris social deat

33、h. when my mother asked to a party for 6：30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven. my age group (late thirties)falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think were young. were probably closer to student-time than grown-up time. the accepted custom at present is

34、 confusing混亂的，sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every part that precious element成分of surprise. 1. the underlined words “off their heads probably mean_. a. tiredb. crazyc. curiousd. hopeless 2. jane and davids story is used to show that _. a. party-goers

35、usually get hungry at parties b. party invitations can be confusing c. people should ask for food at parties d. birthday parties for middle-aged people are dull 3. for some young people, arriving on time for a students party will probably be considered _. a. very difficult b. particularly thoughtful

36、 c. friendly and polite d. socially unacceptable 4. according to the writer, people in their late thirties _. a. are likely to arrive late for a party b. care little about the party time c. havent really grown up yet d. like surprises at parties 5. what is the general idea of the text? _. a. its saf

37、e to arrive late just when food is served b. its wise to eat something before going to a party c. its important to follow social rules of party-going d. its necessary to read invitations carefullyc cannes will rock to the sound of a cancan dance this year when moulin rouge by the australian director

38、 baz luhrmann opens the french film festival(電影節(jié)) in may. the musical stars nicole kidman as a singer, and john leguizamo as the artist henri de toulouse-lautree. it will be competing for the palme dor, the festivals top prize. the festival runs to may 21. the american actor tommy lee jones, 54, has

39、 married his longtime girlfriend, dawn maria laurel, 36, in a private wedding in san antonio. “it wasnt a big to-do, said fred biery, a u.s. district judge who performed the service. he refused to discuss things further. “these are very private people, he said. loretta lynn is being treated for a ve

40、ry bad cold in tennessee and will miss several appearances. the country singer, 65, was admitted to a hospital near her home in hurricane mills. “she is in good condition, but the doctors are watching her closely, a spokeswoman said. the french-algerian singer enrico macias was named a united nations peace messenger. enrico joins eight other people who act as goodwill envoys使者for the united nations, among them are the writer elie wiesel and the basketball player magie johnson. 1. we can learn from the text that henri de toulouse-lautree is _. a. a figure in a filmb. a dancer in a show c.