1、仁愛版八年級英語上冊期末復習知識點匯編精華版Unit 1 &考點詞匯against , cheer, team , win , join , club , volleyball ,dream , grow , future , record ,gold , hour , baseball ,heart , relax , leave , ill , mind , practice , throw , myself,care1ess , chance , nothing , invent, score , side , follow ,become , however , tired , mil

2、e , instead , habit , feel ,foreign , maybe , shall , pick , hit , winner , finish ,encourage , visitor , environment , modem , ring , symbol&目標短語cheer. on 為加油 quite a bit/ a lot 許多，大量 play for為效力grow up 長大成人 ，成長 in the future 今后,在將來 give up 放棄take part in =be in =take part in參加，加入 both.and. 兩個都，既又s

3、pend. (in) doing sth.=spendon sth. 花費(時間)做 pretty well 相當好all over the world=throughout the world=around the world全世界 be good for 對有益keep fit=keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康 leave for 動身去某地 fall ill=be ill 患病 arrive in/ at(小地點用at,大地點用in) =get to=reach到達(某地) be glad to (do)樂意于right away=right now=at on

4、ce=in a minute 立刻，馬上 make ones bed 整理床鋪do sb. a favor=give sb. a hand=help sb. 幫助某人 shout at sb. 朝某人大叫be angry with sb. 生(某人)的氣 be angry at/about sth.因某事而生氣 （注意：be有形式變化）do ones best=try ones best 盡(某人)最大努力(后接不定時to do形式) keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事tum down 關小，調(diào)低（反）：turn up開大，調(diào)高 ；turn on打開（反）：turn off關閉take

5、 a seat =have a seat =sit down 坐下，就座 as well 也，還有 instead of 代替，而不是more and more 越來越(多的) (反)： less and less越來越（少） stand for 象征build up 使增強（buil sb. up增強某人體質(zhì)） at least 至少，不少于be ready for=get ready for=prepare for 為作準備be able to=can 能夠(后接動詞原形，be有各種形式，can只有時態(tài)變化)have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩

6、得高興(oneself為反身代詞，根據(jù)主語用相應形式)&重點句型1. We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three on Sunday.2. I hope our team will win.3. Which sport do you prefer , cycling or rowing? I prefer rowing.4. Are you going to join the school rowing club? Yes , I am. / No , Im not.5. What are you going to be

7、 when you grow up? Im going to be a dancer.6. She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.7. They are sure that she will win.8. Michael , could you please do me a favor? Sure. What is it?9. Would you mind if I try it again? Certainly not. Please do.10. Im sorry Im late for class. Tha

8、ts OK. Please take a seat.11. Thats very kind of you , but I can manage it myself.12. What do you mean by saying that?13. We are sure to win next time.14. Ill take part in the school meet.15. There will be another exciting relay race this afternoon.16. Ill be able to take part in the Olympic Games.&

9、功能意念1. 請求允許May I come in? Yes , please.Would you mind teaching me? Not at all. /Of course not.Would you mind not putting your bike here? Sorry. Ill put it somewhere else.Would/ Do you mind if l open the window? Youd better not. /Im sorry, its not allowed.Could you please do me a favor? Sure/Certainl

10、y. Whats it?Can/Could l use your telephone? Of course , you can.2. 道歉Sorry. /Im sorry. /Excuse me , please. /I beg your pardon.Im sorry. Im late for class.Thats OK. Please take a seat.Im sorry for what I said. Its nothing.Im sorry to trouble you. Never mind.Im sorry for losing your book. Oh, it does

11、nt matter，I have another one.3. 約會When shall we meet? Lets make it half past six.Where shall we meet? At the school gate.Will you be free this Sunday? Yeah, I think I will.Lets make it 4: 30. All right. See you then.Do you have time this afternoon?=Are you free this afternoon?Im afraid I have no tim

12、e then. /Sorry , I wont be free then. But Ill be free tomorrow.Could we meet at 4:30? Yes , Ill be free then.How about tomorrow morning?(=what about,后接動詞要用v.-ing形式)All right. See you then.&語法精粹1.掌握一般將來時be going to/will +動詞原形的用法。2. 學會使用Would /Do you mind.? 的用法。&考點剖析1. I saw you play basketball almost

13、 every day during the summer holidays. 在暑假我看你幾乎每天打籃球。see是感官動詞，后可接不帶to 的不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。即:see sb. do sth. 或see sb. doing sth. ，但兩者是有區(qū)別的:不定式表示整個動作過程，而現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行的動作(不管是不是全過程)。如:I saw him cross the road. 我看見他穿過了馬路。(指我看到他離開這邊人行道到另一邊的人行道，穿過馬路的整個過程。)I saw him crossing the road. 我看見他正在穿越馬路。(強調(diào)看到的動作正在進行。)【鏈接】

14、感官動詞還有: feel , hear, listen to , look at , find , notice , watch 等。如:We often hear him sing in his garden. 我們經(jīng)常聽到他在花園里唱歌。Can you feel the train slowing down? 你能感覺到火車在慢下來嗎?2. Which sport do you prefer , cycling or rowing? 騎車和劃船，你更喜歡哪種運動?I prefer rowing. 我更喜歡劃船。prefer是指兩者中偏愛或更喜歡一者。其用法為prefer +動名詞/名詞/動

15、詞不定式。如:Which do you prefer, an apple or an orange? 蘋果和橘子，你更喜歡哪種?I prefer an orange. 我更喜歡橘子。【鏈接】(1) prefer to do sth. 更喜歡做某事。如:A lot of people prefer to live in the countryside. 有更多人更喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)下。(2) prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事更喜歡做某事。如:I prefer reading to writing. 比起寫字，我更喜歡讀書。3. Are you going to

16、join the school rowing club? 你要加入學校劃船俱樂部嗎?當join作及物動詞時，意為連接，接合，加入。作加入解時，指的是成為某個團體、組織的一員; join sb. 表示加人某人的行列，和某人一起。如:When did he join the army? 他什么時候入伍的? Will you join us? 你愿意加入我們嗎?【鏈接】(1)當join作不及物動詞時，意為參加(某項活動) ，通常結構為join in +活動名稱。如:Would you like to join in the match? 你要參加比賽嗎?( 2 ) take part in 指參與某

17、項活動，相當于be in或join in+活動名稱。如:I took part /joined in her birthday party last night. 昨晚我參加了她的生日晚會。4. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 他們將于后天動身前往日本。are leaving for并不表示動作現(xiàn)在正在進行，而是表示動作將要發(fā)生。某些動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時可用來表示一個最近按計劃或已安排好要進行的動作。如:come , go , do , arrive , start , leave , return , have , stay

18、, spend , sail , meet , fly 等。如:Are you staying here till tomorrow? 你要在這兒一直待到明天嗎?5. Would you mind teaching me? 請你教我，好嗎?Would you mind(sb.) doing sth. ?是一個常用固定句型，表示請你做某事好嗎?倘若(某人)做某事你介意嗎?如:Would you mind giving me a hand? 介意幫我個忙嗎?【鏈接】(1)否定句為Would you mind not doing sth. ?請不要做某事好嗎?如:Would you mind not

19、 smoking here? 請不要在這吸煙好嗎?(2) Would you mind if. 此句型用于請求允許或客氣地請人做某事。如:Would you mind if I open the window? 我打開窗戶好嗎?(3) Would you mind sb. doing sth. ?如:Would you mind me sitting here? 也可以說成Would you mind my sitting here?肯定回答: Of course not. /Certainly not. /Never mind. /No , not at all.否定回答: Yes , yo

20、ud better not. /Sorry Im afraid not.6. I didnt want to miss the goal , either. 我也不想丟掉那個球。“either” 也，用于否定句后或否定詞組后。如:Peter cant go and I cant , either. 彼得不能去，我也不能。“I dont like it.” “ Me either.” “我不喜歡它。” “我也不喜歡。”此外，either還可指“兩者中的任一個”。如:You can park on either side of the street.你可以將車停在這條街的任何一邊。You can

21、keep either of the two photos. 你可以保留兩張照片中的任何一張。7. Were sure to win next time. 下次我們一定會贏。be sure to do sth. 肯定要做某事(表將來)。如:Its sure to rain. 肯定要下雨。【鏈接】be sure+(that)從句確信如:Im sure (that) he is right. 我確信他是對的。8. Healthy eating habits and running help to build me up. 健康的飲食習慣和跑步幫助我強健身體。build up 使健康，增強.體質(zhì)。b

22、uild up 是一個動詞+副詞的短語。這類短語的賓語是代詞時，代詞必須放在動詞和副詞中間;如果賓語是名詞，則可放中間，也可放在副詞后面。此類短語有 give up , put up , cheer up , look up , turn up , ring up , take off, wake up , pick up , put off, turn off, see off, put on , cheer on , turn on , try on , put away , throw away , work out , carry out, check over, think over

23、, turn down 等。9. I have great fun running. 我從跑步中得到很大樂趣。have fun doing sth. 從做某事中獲得樂趣。如:This term we will have great fun learning English.這個學期我們將從學習英語中獲得很大樂趣。類似的結構還有:have difficulty (in) doing sth. have problem (s) (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難have trouble (in) doing sth.&細比細看1. play with /play against /pla

24、y for(1) Our team will _ Class Three next Saturday.(2) A group of kids were _ a ball in the street.(3) Does Yi Jianlian _ the Dallas Mavericks in the NBA?【分析比較】 play with 玩耍，游戲，玩樂，與玩耍。(2) 題意為孩子們在玩球, 故填playing with。play against 同比賽。(1)題意為兩個隊比賽，故填play against。play for 為效力。(3) 題意為易建聯(lián)在NBA為達拉斯小牛隊打球嗎?,故填p

25、lay for 。2. arrive in /arrive at/ reach/ get to(1) What time did he arrive _ the village?(2) At last we _ the base camp (大本營) .(3) You can easily get _ the city center from here.(4) They will arrive _ Tokyo in two days.【分析比較】arrive是不及物動詞，后常接介詞at或in。arrive at +小地點，到達某個具體的地點，如城鎮(zhèn)、車站、鄉(xiāng)村、建筑物等。(1)題意為他什么時候

26、到達那個小村莊的?, 故填at.arrive in +大地點，到達某國家或大城市。(4)題意為他們兩天后到達東京。, 故填in。reach 到達，抵達，是及物動詞，后面直接接賓語，無須介詞。(2) 題意為我們終于到達了大本營。, 故填reached. get 是不及物動詞，其后接介詞to. (3) 題意為從這里你可以不費力地到達市中心。,故填to.3. maybe/ may be(1) _he is at home now.(2) He _ wrong , but were not sure.【分析比較】maybe 和may be 都是也許，大概的意思， .maybe 是副詞，常位于句首作狀語

27、，句子中還有謂語動詞。(1)題意為也許他在家。, 故填Maybe 。may be 是情態(tài)動詞+ be 動詞結構，句中沒有其他謂語。(2) 題意為他可能錯了，但我們不能確定。may be 在句中作謂語，故填may be 。4. leave/ leave for/ leave. for(1) He _ his hometown last week.(2) I am _ New York next week to see my good friends there.(3) We will _ Beijing _ Shanghai.【分析比較】leave 常用作動詞，表示go away(from) 離

28、開 , leave a place 是指離開某地 (1)題意為他上周離開了家鄉(xiāng)。, 故填leave 的過去式left 。leave for +地點名詞，表示動身去前往. (2) 中由不定式所表達的意思可知下周我要去紐約，故填leaving for.leave A for B ，意為離開A地去B地. (3)題意為我們準備離開北京去上海。, 故填leave. for 。5. tum on/ turn off/ tum up/ turn down/ close/ open(1) Paul , could you please _ the TV a little? Its too noisy. Sor

29、ry , Ill do it right now.(2) _ the lights when you leave.(3) _ the TV. Lets watch the play together.(4) _ your mouth , and say Ah.(5)The music was _ loud and they danced crazily.(6) I _ my eyes against the bright light.【分析比較】turn on 與turn off 為反義詞組，turn on 打開，接通(電流、煤氣、水等) ;turn off 關掉，截斷(電流、煤氣、水等).

30、turn up 與turn down 為反義詞組， turn up開大，調(diào)高(音量、熱量等) ;turn down把調(diào)低，關小。close 閉上，關，關閉(門窗、盒子等) ;open 開，打開，開啟(門、窗、盒子等)。(1)題由Its too noisy. 和a little 可知應填turn down; (2) 題由離開時要關燈可知應填Turn off; (3) 題由讓咱們一起看電視劇吧可知應填Turn on; (4) 題為張開嘴巴應用Open; (5) 題由 loud 以及他們瘋狂地跳起舞來可知音樂被開大了, 故填turned up; ( 6 )題由以防強光的照射可知應是閉上眼睛，故填cl

31、ose 。6. shout at/ shout to(1) The children _ the driver , but he did not hear them.(2) If you dont stop _ me, I11 come and hit you.【分析比較】at 和to 與同一動詞搭配時，意義有很大的區(qū)別。shout to sb. 表示大聲叫某人多因距離遠，聲音小聽不見。(1)題意為孩子們對著司機喊叫著，但是他沒聽見。，故填shouted to。 shout at sb. 則表示生氣地或故意地對某人大喊大叫。(2)題意為你要是不停止沖著我叫嚷，我就過去揍你。, 故填shouti

32、ng at.Unit 2 Keeping Healthy&考點詞匯toothache , dentist , cough , fever , flu , headache , lift , pale , terrible , care , serious , sick , cause . health , medicine , meal , litter, energy , necessary , disease , empty , stomach , illness , tidy , sweep , choose , tomato , hurry , question , spread ,

33、among , examine , patient , herself , themselves , answer , duty , save&目標短語have a (bad)cold= get a (bad)cold= catch a (bad)cold 患(重)感冒 have a fever發(fā)燒 take the/ones temperature量體溫 have the flu患流感have a headache/stomachache患頭痛/胃痛 have sore eyes患眼睛痛take a rest=have a rest 休息 plenty of =a lot of=lots o

34、f大量，充足，豐富day and night 日日夜夜 lie down 躺下 worry about 擔心，煩惱feel like doing sth.=want to do sth.=would like to do sth. 想要做某事 take care of/ look after 照顧，照料 check over 給做健康檢查;核對，檢查get into 進入 in public 當眾;公開;在公共場合all kinds of 各種各樣的 hurry up 趕快，快點 care for 關心;照顧go ahead (尤指經(jīng)某人允許)干下去; 繼續(xù)，請吧，走在前面all the ti

35、me 一直 keep away (from)=stay away (from) 遠離just a moment =wait a moment=hold on稍等一會兒，請稍等 ,別掛斷 break out( 戰(zhàn)爭、火災等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā) hand in 上交;交納(on the one hand，) on the other hand (一方面，)另一方面call/ring.up=givea call/ring=telephong/phone/call 給打電話call/ringback給回電話 on the phone在接電話中，在電話里answer the phone=get on the

36、 phone接電話since then 從那時起 by mistake 錯誤地 make a mistake=make mistakes犯錯ask for leave 請時間假(ask two-day leave=ask two days leave請兩天假)&重點句型1. I have a headache. 2. You should see a dentist.3. Youd better go to see a doctor. 4. Youd better not work too long.5. Follow the doctors advice , and youll get we

37、ll soon.6. So Id like to ask for a weeks leave. 7. How long have you been like this?8. Staying up late is bad for your health. 9. 1 must ask him to give up smoking.10. You must not read in the sun. 11. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat.12. Its necessary for us to have healthy eat

38、ing habits.13. We should eat healthy food and do more exercise to build up our bodies.14. Please tell my father not. to forget the talk tomorrow afternoon.15.Must we keep the windows open all the time?No, we dont have to./No ,we neednt.16. He thinks smoking can help him relax. 17. You should say no

39、to smoking and drinking.&功能意念1. 勸告You should see a dentist.You should listen to and read English every day.Please stand in line. Dont rush/hurry/push.Michael shouldnt move his leg too much.Youd better go to see a doctor.Youd better not go to school today.If you have headaches often , you need to see

40、 a doctor.2. 打電話Hello! Whos speaking/this?你是誰？Hello! May I speak to Tom?Hello! Id like to speak to Mr. Green.Is that Liu Ying speaking?This is Kangkang speaking.Hello! Extension(電話分機)six two two six , please.Just a moment , please.Hello! Could/May I speak to Dr. Li Yuping?Sorry , she isnt here right

41、 now.OK, Ill ring him up later.Ill call her back again.Can I leave/take a message?Sure , go abead.Hold the line , please.Sorry. I cant hear you.The line is badlbusy.I cant get through.Sorry , Im afraid you have the wrong number.3. 就醫(yī)Whats the matter with you? /Whats wrong (with you) ?I have a headac

42、he/ cough/fever.What seems to be the trouble?I feel terrible.Do you have a fever?How long have you felt like this?Its nothing serious. /Youll be all right/well soon.Something is wrong with your health.Take this medicine/ the pills twice a day.Ive got a pain here.It hurts here.I cant sleep well.&語法精粹

43、1.情態(tài)動詞should , shouldnt , had better , had better not , must , mustnt , need和have to.2. 動名詞作主語。3. 反身代詞的用法。&考點剖析1. You should see a dentist. 你應該去看牙醫(yī)。這是一種表達勸告的句子。shou1d 作情態(tài)動詞，意為應該有委婉勸告的含義，后面接動詞原形。如:You should go to bed early. 你應當早點睡覺。should 的否定形式為shou1dnto 如:You shouldnt drink coffee in the evening. 你

44、不應當在晚上喝咖啡。【鏈接】勸告還可以用以下句式來表達:(1)had better do sth. 最好做某事。如:Youd better call him at once. 你最好馬上給他打電話。其否定形式是had better not do. 如:You had better not eat hot food. 你最好不要吃辛辣食物。(2) need to do sth. 需要做某事。如:You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary. 你需要買一本漢英詞典。(3) 祈使句表示勸告。如:Please stand in line. 請排隊。Dont

45、stay up late. 晚上不要熬夜。2. Your X-rays show its nothing serious. 你的X光片顯示(你的腿)沒什么嚴重的。“nothing serious 沒什么嚴重的。形容詞修飾不定代詞要后置。如:I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告訴你。Do you have something else to say? 你還有什么別的要說的嗎?3. So Id like to ask for two weeks leave. 所以我想請兩周假。(1)ask (sb.) for sth.請求，懇求(給予)

46、;征求。如:Why dont you ask him for some advice? 你為什么不征求他的意見?Jack is asking for a job. 杰克正在求職。(2) leave 在這里是名詞，是假期，休假的意思。【鏈接】leave 作動詞時，有離開忘了帶，丟下;交托，委托等官義。如:The plane leaves for Tokyo a:t 13: 00. 飛機13:00飛往東京。Ive left my bag on the bus. 我把包丟在公共汽車上了。You can leave the cooking to me. 你可以把做飯事交給我負責。4. Standing

47、 up late is bad for your health. 熬夜太晚對你的健康有害。(1)在這里staying up 是動名詞短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。有時候動名詞也可作主語。如:Dancing is fun. 跳舞是一種樂趣。Smoking is bad for you. 吸煙對你有害。(2) be good /bad for 對有益/害。如:Walking is good for our health.散步對我們的健康有益。5. I must ask him to give up smoking.我一定得讓他戒煙。give up (doing) sth. 意為放棄（做某）事。如

48、:Jim is not good at Chinese and he wants to give it up. 吉姆語文學不好，他想放棄了。6. You might get a headache when you work too hard or when you dont get enough sleep. 當你工作太累或睡眠不足時，你可能會頭痛。enough 作形容詞時，修飾名詞，置于名詞的前后均可。如:Do you have enough money? 你有足夠的錢嗎?【鏈接】(1) enough 作副詞時，修飾形容詞或副詞，應置于所修飾的形容詞或副詞之后。如:She is not ol

49、d enough to go to school. = She is too young to go to school.她太小了，還不能上學。I didnt get up ear1y enough this morning. 今天早晨我起得不夠早。(2)enough 作代詞，意為足夠的東西。如:I have enough to do. 我要做的事夠多了。7. Its my duty to save patients. 挽救病人的生命是我的職責。Its ones duty to do. 做是某人的職責。it 作形式主語，真正的主語為不定式短語。如:Its my duty to study we

50、ll. 好好學習是我的責任。【鏈接】1. Its necessary for us to drink enough water every day. 我們每天喝足夠的水是必要的。2. Its kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好了。第一句中的necessary 描述的是to drink enough water 這一事物,us 前使用for 。第二句中的形容詞kind 是描述人( you) 的性格特征的，不定式的邏輯主語( you) 用of 引出。又如: Its important for us to learn English well. Its nice of

51、you to say so.&細比細看1. too much/much too/too many(1) There are _ mistakes in the passage.(2) Eating _ candy is bad for your teeth.(3) The problem. is _ easy for them.【分析比較】too many 太多用于修飾名詞復數(shù)。(1)題意為這篇文章里有太多錯誤。mistakes 是名詞復數(shù)，故填too many。too much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。candy 在此作不可數(shù)名詞。故(2) 填too much。much too 太常用于修飾副詞或形

52、容詞。(3) 題意為這個問題對于他們來說太簡單了 ;easy是形容詞，故填much too。2. sick/ill(1) The _ child needs help.(2) His grandma is still _ in bed.【分析比較】sick 生病的，有病的。主要用于美式英語，可以用作定語，也可以用作表語。故(1)和(2) 兩題都可以填sick 。ill 與sick 同義， ill 主要用于英式英語，且通常不作定語，只用作表語。故(1)不能填ill ，只有(2) 可填ill 。3. must/have to/mustnt/ dont have to(1) We _ work ha

53、rd.(2) It rained yesterday and we_ stay at home.(3) Look at the sign. You _ smoke in the sleeping car.(4) You_ clean the room right now. You can do it tomorrow.【分析比較】must 表示必須時，著重于說話人主觀上認為有必要，有義務。(1)題意為我們必須努力學習這里是我們主觀上認為要努力學習，故填must .have to +動詞原形，表示不得不，必須著重于客觀的需要。(2) 題意為昨天下雨了，我們不得不待在家。故填had to.must

54、nt 指告誡某人一定不要做某事。(3) 題意為看看這個標志。你一定不要在臥鋪車廂里吸煙。，故填mustntdont have to 指不必;沒有必要.(4) 題意為你不必馬上打掃房間，可以明天打掃。故填dont have to.4. a lot of/plenty of/a number of(1) There are _ people in the park on Sundays.(2) You should drink _ water, and have a good rest.【分析比較】a lot of = lots of 表示大量的，許多。既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。plenty of 與a lot of 同義，既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。a number of 表示許多，大量的修飾可數(shù)名詞。故(1)三者都可以用。而(2) 填a lot of 和plenty of 都可以。5. among/between(1) There is a village _ the two rivers.(2) The teacher is sitting _ the children.【分析比較】among 指三者或三者以上之間。(2)題意為老師坐在孩子們中間。孩子們是指三者以上，故填among .between一般指兩者之間。(1)題意