1、20172017年高考年高考英語總動員英語總動員語法填空語法填空 近兩年語法填空考點布局充分體現了“實詞考查為主，虛詞考查為輔”的命題原則。注意：1.詞類轉換以實詞中名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞四類為主，而對于名詞的考查近兩年均涉及名詞單復數的考查，而未涉及到3名詞的所有格，在2017年備考中應引起注意；對于代詞的詞形變換考查涉及了人稱代詞與物主代詞的轉換，反身代詞也應引起注意。2.對于無提示詞類的情態動詞和助動詞的考查，僅2014年新課標全國樣卷中考查了must表推測，2014年新課標全國考查了助動詞did。指示代詞與不定代詞近兩年均未涉及。43.特殊句式在近兩年雖然未考查，但備考時應注意：倒裝

2、結構中助動詞、小句替代中so，neither，nor以及only等的考查；省略結構中不定式符號to以及結合狀語從句的省略中非謂語動詞或連詞的考查；強調句式中it或that的考查；感嘆句中how，what或不定冠詞a/an的考查等。54.連接性副詞與語境填詞雖然在2014年新課標全國樣卷中均有涉及，但可能考慮到這兩類詞均為完形填空考點，故在2014、2015兩年正式考試中均未涉及，但在2015年全國卷中考查了無提示詞形式的時間副詞before/earlier，2016年全國卷中考查了when引導時間狀語從句。故像earlier，ago，later等時間副詞與never，hardly等頻度副詞是否

3、會有考查還需注意。65.從出題形式上看，近兩年10個設空中都是7個有提示詞、3個無提示詞，預計2017年還應該以這種比例來突出提示詞考查為主的出題形式。76.深入淺出【1】提示詞填空詞類轉換1 Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.設空處修飾謂語動詞arrange，需要一個副詞，故填regularly。1形容詞副詞92 17 (lucky)，he a

4、lso had a cow which produced milk every day.用副詞修飾整個句子。故填Luckily。10歸納歸納修飾動詞短語、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，或作狀語時，用副詞形式。111 In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 43 (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.形容詞性物主代詞their之后應當用名詞，故將able轉化為其名詞形式abili

5、ty。2形容詞/動詞名詞122 Several children are away from school because of (ill).介詞短語because of后接賓語，要用名詞，故填illness。133 He had witnessed too many (die) and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years earlier，in which 40,000 people were killed，wounded or missing.這里指的是死亡，是可數名詞，在句中作及物動詞witness的賓語，空前的too

6、 many也暗示應用death的復數形式deaths。14歸納歸納作主語，或在及物動詞、介詞短語后作賓語時，前面可能有限定詞冠詞、形容詞或形容詞性物主代詞修飾，通常用名詞形式；注意單復數形式。151 As 49 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.修飾名詞architects，故要用形容詞形式natural。3動詞/名詞形容詞162 While there are

7、68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，.此處用形容詞修飾名詞stories。amaze的形容詞有兩個，一個是amazing，另一個是amazed。修飾物(stories)當然用amazing。173 There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and 43 (disappoint).本句的主語是some of them，此處and連接兩個并列成分，再結合前面的形容詞anxious可知，此處也應該填一個形容詞。故此處用di

8、sappointed表示他們中有些人感到失望。18歸納歸納作表語系動詞之后、定語修飾名詞或賓語補足語表性質狀態時，通常用形容詞形式。注意?？紕釉~分詞的形容詞性化，其形容詞的形式有：-ing結尾的和-ed結尾的兩種。19用所給詞的適當形式填空1.They gave money to the old peoples home either (personal) or through their companies.2.It was (consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.3.Most of us，

9、if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was (former) alive.personallyconsiderateformerly204.There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some (think) and then let me know.5.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and (c

10、omprehension) review of the case.6.The climate here is quite (please)，the temperature rarely，if ever，reaching 30 in summer.thoughtcomprehensivepleasant217.What was so (impress) about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.8.Life is (predict)；even the poorest mi

11、ght become the richest.impressiveunpredictable229.For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt (please)，because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her，it was probably the fact that she sat in the last row.10.Why do you choose to work in an international tr

12、avel agency?Well，you know，English is my (strong).So it is my best choice.pleasedstrength236.深入淺出【1】提示詞填空詞形變換1 Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting).由于該名詞由so

13、 many修飾，故填其復數形式paintings。1名詞的單復數與所有格252 While there are amazing stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be patient.前面是定冠詞the，因此后面要用名詞，再由謂語動詞are可知此空要用其名詞的復數形式，故填changes。263 Its about an (h

14、our) drive from here.句意為：離這里大約有一個小時的車程?！耙粋€小時的”用所有格，故填hours。27歸納歸納若所給提示詞為名詞而空格處也應填名詞，注意要弄清名詞的數與格，即名詞是否需要復數形式，或是否需要所有格。281 Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever.從后面的than可知此處要用比較級，因此要用cleaner。2形容詞與副詞的比較等級292 After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We

15、 had made our reservation six months 17 (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.由前面提到的we had planned for months(我們已經計劃了數月)可知，早在六個月之前我們就已經預訂了，故用比較級earlier。303 The 68 (hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.考查固定句式。這里是“the比較級.，the比較級.”句式，表示“越就越”。故填harder。

16、31歸納歸納若括號中所給的是形容詞或副詞，有可能考查其比較等級或最高級；注意than或比較級的修飾詞等標志性詞或上下文中暗含的比較；其次還要注意一些特殊句式，如：the比較級，the比較級；“否定詞cant/couldnt比較級”表示最高級等。321 A few hours before，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with 63 (it) choking smog.空格后面的smog為名詞，故要使用形容詞性物主代詞its來修飾限定。3人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞的變換332 The children amused (they) by playing hide-a

17、nd-seek games.缺賓語，應填代詞；這些孩子拿誰取樂，應是“自娛自樂(amuse oneself)”，與主語The children一致，故填themselves。類似的短語還有enjoy oneself(玩得開心)，teach oneself(自學)，adapt oneself(適應)，dress oneself(自己穿衣)，devote oneself to(致力于)，by oneself(單獨地)等。34歸納歸納若提示詞是物主代詞表示某人的，作主語、賓語或表語用名詞性物主代詞；在名詞前作定語只能用形容詞性物主代詞。反身代詞反指誰，它通常作主語和賓語的同位語，這時應與主語或賓語一

18、致；也可作某些動詞或介詞的賓語，這時需與主語一致。35用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.2.We tend to have a (good) memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.3.Andy is content with the toy.It is (good) he has ever g

19、ot.adjustmentsbetterthe best364.He gave (him) a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry out the secret task.5.I cant tell you the way to the (Wilson) because we dont have a Wilson here in the village.6.This is by far (inspiring) movie that I have ever seen.himselfWilsonsthe most inspirin

20、g377.Tony can hardly boil an egg，still (little) cook dinner.8.Next to biology，I like physics (well).9.She came across an old friend of (she) yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.10.On my desk is a photo that my father took of (I) when I was a baby.(2010四川，7)lessbesthersme386.深入淺出

21、【1】提示詞填空謂語與非謂語動詞1 It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.主句謂語動詞使用了過去進行時was raining，后一句中用了一般過去時didnt care，根據語境此處要用一般過去時態。故填arrived。1考綱規定考查的十種時態動詞的時態與語態402 This cycle 48 (go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night a

22、nd are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures.這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理。此處指前面提到的循環不斷地持續下去，這種情況是客觀事實，故用一般現在時態。又因為主語this cycle為單數第三人稱，故填goes。413 In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.

23、事情發生在1969年，是一個過去的時間，故此處要用一般過去時，又因為主語為it，故填was。42歸納歸納句中若缺少謂語，注意要考慮所給動詞的時態與語態。判斷時態首先要確定時間，然后根據動作發生的狀態來判斷應該運用哪種時態。有時也可以根據空格后和該句中已經存在的謂語動詞的并列關系來確定時態?？荚囌f明中規定考的有十種：一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、將來進行時、現在完成進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時。近兩年考查一般過去時和一般現在時居多。431 He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby

24、 for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 19 (leave).由語境可知，整體為過去時態，且what與leave之間是被動關系，故此處用一般過去時的被動語態。故填was left。2考綱規定考查的八種時態的被動語態442 Be patient！Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English.It asks you to act like water：.整篇對話的時態是一般現在時。Tai Chi與call之間是被動關系，所以要用一般現在時的被動語態。故填is

25、called。45歸納歸納句中缺少謂語，且與主語存在被動關系，考慮根據時間和動作存在的方式，確定相應時態的被動語態。注意只有及物動詞才有被動語態?？荚囌f明中規定考的各種時態的被動語態有八種：一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、將來完成時。461 Unless some extra money (find)，the theatre will close.考查一般現在時表將來。由語境可知，此處是unless引導的條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時態，從句要用一般現在時態表將來；句中主語some extra money與find之間為動賓關系，要用被動語態

26、。故填is found。3時態與語態中的幾個特殊用法472 James has just arrived，but I didnt know he (come) until yesterday.考查過去進行時表過去將來。was coming為過去進行時態，表示過去將來。know后面為賓語從句，從句動詞相對于know而言指將要發生的動作，而come，go，leave，start，arrive等瞬間性動詞可用進行時態表示將來的動作。根據didnt可知此處應該用過去進行時表示過去將來的動作。483 Food supplies in the flood-stricken area (run) out.W

27、e must act immediately before theres none left.考查現在進行時表一般將來與主動表被動。由句中before theres none left可知食物還沒有用完，故用現在進行時表示“(食品供應)快用完了”；此外run out為不及物動詞，不可用于被動語態。故填are running。494 Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful.考查主謂一致和動詞時態。本段介紹陽朔的自然條件，屬客觀事實，要用一般現在時；由于主語是單數第三人稱形式，故填is。50歸納歸納在確定謂語動詞的時態與語態時，我們可從四個方面來進行判斷：(1)看句子中

28、的時間狀語或時間狀語從句。(2)看上下文的謂語動詞的形式。(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如：was/were about to do.when.did.It is/has been時間段since.did.51It/This/That is the first time that.have/has done.或It/This/That was the first time that.had done.Its (high time) that.did/should doHardly had主語done.when.did.或 No sooner had主語done.than.did.這樣的句型還有很多

29、，平時要注意積累。(4)看與主語存在主動關系還是被動關系。若是被動，還需看所給是否為及物動詞，是否考查主動表被動等。(5)注意主謂是否一致。521 He walked in as if he 17 (buy) the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.這是由as if引導的虛擬語氣，因為是與過去事實相反，故用過去完成時，填had bought。4虛擬語氣中的時態與語態532 Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I (dance) as well as he

30、r.wish后跟賓語從句時，從句中需要用虛擬語氣。由語境可知，此處敘述的是與現在事實相反的假設，謂語動詞應用過去式(be用were)。故填danced。543 It is lucky we booked a room，or we (have) nowhere to stay now.本題考查了虛擬語氣在含蓄條件句中的運用，條件句部分在or中體現，相當于if we hadnt booked a room，we would have nowhere to stay now，根據“now”可知，是對現在進行虛擬。故填would have。55歸納歸納一旦判定所給動詞在句中作謂語后，就要考慮其時態、語

31、態、語氣、主謂一致等。除了if虛擬條件句，還應注意虛擬語氣的標志詞，如：suggest，would rather，as if，wish，otherwise，or，but for等。56用所給動詞的適當形式填空1.Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I (leave) my book in the cafe.2.It is reported that a space station (build) on the moon in years to come.3.Is Peter coming?No，he (change) his mind aft

32、er a phone call at the last minute.had leftwill be builtchanged574.Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.5.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.6.Marty (work) really hard on his book and he thinks

33、 hell have finished it by Friday.will be teachinghas been reachedhas been working587.The real reason why prices (be)，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. 8.As you go through this book，you (find) that each of the millions of people who liv

34、ed through World War had a different experience.werewill find599.He must have sensed that I (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”10.To my delight，I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.was lookingwas chosen6011.

35、In the last few years，China (make) great achievements in environmental protection.12.I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I (ask)，“What do you wish me to do now？”has madeasked611 When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46 (cool) the house during the hot day

36、；at the same time，they warm up again for the night.“be形容詞enough動詞不定式”為常用句式，意為“足夠，能夠做某事”。故填to cool。1動詞不定式非謂語動詞622 Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees 23 (sell) the wood.砍樹的目的是賣錢，故這里用動詞不定式形式在句中作目的狀語。故填to sell。633 It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollutio

37、n and clean the water.句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是動詞不定式，該句結構為“It takes時間to do sth.”。故填to reduce。644 She wished that he was as easy 32 (please) as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.該句空格前是形容詞，所以用動詞不定式作狀語。故填to please。65歸納歸納首先句子結構，若句子中已有謂語動詞且不是并列謂語時，需考慮非謂語動詞。然后非謂語動詞在句中作何成分，再根據各非謂語動詞的特點確定填哪種形式。對于不定式的考

38、查，需注意不定式的時態和語態，熟記?？几欢ㄊ阶髻e語的動詞以及一些?？季涫?。661 Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.句中已有謂語動詞arranges，故應考慮非謂語動詞。 由于live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，故用表示主動意義的現在分詞形式作后置定語。故填living。2動詞的ing形式672 In addition

39、to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 44 (use) electric equipment.句中已有謂語，介詞without之后的動詞要用動名詞形式。故填using。683 I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused to stop until we reached the next stop.Still，th

40、e boy kept 47 (ride).根據空格前面的kept可知，此處是keep doing sth.結構，意為“繼續做某事”。故后面應使用v.-ing形式，因此需將ride變成riding。69歸納歸納現在分詞作狀語，表示自然而然的結果或伴隨，且與句子主語構成邏輯上的主動關系；現在分詞作定語表示動作的主動進行行為或正在進行中；動名詞作主語表示一般的、抽象的或習慣性動作；此外，應熟記能用動名詞作賓語的動詞或動詞短語。701 A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one o

41、f the top 10 destinations in the world.句中出現雙動詞conduct與names且無連詞，通過name的第三人稱單數形式可判定names為句子的謂語，故判定設空處應填非謂語動詞形式作a study的定語。conduct3動詞的過去分詞71與study之間為動賓關系，故用表示被動的過去分詞形式。此外，by是解題的關鍵詞，conducted by.意為“由所做的”。 故填conducted。722 The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwes

42、t are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.build與句子謂語are admired之間無連詞，故應填非謂語動詞。 主語adobe dwellings與動詞build之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞形式作后置定語。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動意義的過去分詞。故填built。73歸納歸納過去分詞可作狀語、定語或補語，表示被動與完成； 若作表語?？嫉臑樾稳菰~性化的過去分詞；過去分詞不可作主語或賓語。74用所給動詞的適當形式填空1. (raise) in the poorest area of Gla

43、sgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重慶，6)2.Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way (use) the sun and the stars.Raisedusing一非謂語動詞作狀語753. (work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.4.When the clerk saw a kind of face wrinkled in an apologetic smi

44、le，she stood rooted to the ground， (wonder) whether to stay or leave.5. (learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.Having workedwonderingTo learn766.Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only (find) it didnt fit.to f

45、ind77二非謂語動詞作定語1.The park was full of people， (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.2.Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse (appoint) to guard her.3.Theres a note pinned to the door (say) when the shop will open again.enjoyingappointedsaying784.Today there are more airpl

46、anes (carry) more people than ever before in the skies.5.There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.6.Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives，including your own. carryingto be solvedto change79三非謂語動詞作主語、賓語或表語1. (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.2.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supportin