1、專業英語考試復習資料專業八級分類模擬316專業英語考試復習資料專業八級分類模擬316專業八級分類模擬316TRANSLATION問題:1. 開卷有益，是古人獎勵讀書的一句成語。從前讀到一冊壞書，讀后每覺得為古人所欺；現在多了一點智識，反過來又覺得古人的不欺我了。總之，好書讀了，原有所得，就是可以知道它的好處在哪里。可是壞書讀了，而知道它的壞的原因與地方，豈不也是一得?從前孔子說的“三人行，必有我師”之意，也不一定是從正的一方面著想，反過來在負的一方面，也何嘗不可以為鑒戒。因此，從前是非有定評之書不讀的，現在卻馬勃牛溲了，一例的都想看看了，這大約總也是一種進步的現象。答案:Opening a b

2、ook is always rewarding is an ancient encouragement for reading. I used to feel misled by it when I came across a bad book, yet now Im wiser to do that. In a word, we can benefit from reading a good book by absorbing its essence, while it is also a good thing to know the whys and wherefores of a boo

3、k being labeled bad. What Confucius means by If three of us are walking together, at least one of the other two can be my teacher is not necessarily a positive example. On the contrary, it also holds water in offering us a negative example to take warning from. Therefore, once an exclusive reader of

4、 books widely accepted, I get to take interest in whatever books, trashy or not, as well. It probably is a sign of progress.問題:2. 讀書的狀態大致分為三種：一是為別人而讀，二是為有用而讀，三是為興趣而讀。 處在第一種狀態是最痛苦的，自己本不想讀，但迫于外界壓力卻不得不讀。好多中小學生就屬于這種情形。在這樣的狀態下，讀書真是苦不堪言。有不少學生曾咬牙切齒地發誓：畢業考試一結束，一定把書燒掉。 一些為了拿文憑、評職稱而讀書的亦在此列，對于他們而言，讀書實在是件苦差事。 第

5、二種是為有用而讀書。處在此列的人已知書中自有黃金屋和顏如玉，已經能從煙波浩淼的書海中有所取舍，讀書很有目的性。或為提高專業技術水平，或為豐富知識，學電腦的看電腦書籍，學文學的看小說，當老師的讀教育心理，做生意的看經濟，搞行政的讀政治、管理為獲得某方面的知識而讀書，以具備養家糊口的基本技能，憑真才實學立足于社會。 第三種是為興趣而讀書。這是讀書的自覺狀態，更是一種境界。不為有用，只因喜歡。這些讀者把讀書當作生存的基本需要，讀書已和吃飯睡覺一樣必不可少。三日不讀書，則自覺面目可憎，心里就空虛、失落、不踏實。 答案:Those who read to get diplomas or professi

6、onal titles also belong to the first group. For them, reading is really a hard job. The second group read for use. These people already know that they can benefit a lot from books and they are well aware of what they should read. They have clear purposes of improving their professional ability or en

7、riching their knowledge. For instance, those who major in computer technology read computer books, those who study literature read novels, teachers read about educational psychology, businessmen read about economics, and administrators read about politics and management.They read for obtaining knowl

8、edge in some fields so that they can support their families and establish themselves in the society with their own skills. 問題:3. 看看社會上“有福”的人，有幾個人的福是因為老實而得?看看那些發了橫財、飛黃騰達的人，考察一下他們的發達過程，你便會得出另一個結論：不老實的人也會有福。這樣說來，“吃虧是福”難道真的錯了? 其實，并不錯的，不吃虧的福，與吃虧的福，雖同是“有福”，含義卻大大不同。二者的差別是：不吃虧的福，福氣濃烈，但“福兮禍所伏”；吃虧之福，福味清淡，但福祚長

9、久。福，沒有固定和統一的標準，是在相互比較中的一種感受，和粗茶淡飯、平民布衣相比，燈紅酒綠、寶馬香車的人就是福；和坐牢槍斃的人相比，躬耕隴畝、好好活著就是福。從這個角度說，“吃虧是福”永遠沒有錯。 答案:In fact, it is not wrong. Blessing varies greatly in meaning for two different kinds of people. For those who gain benefits, the blessing is overwhelming but there are dangers hidden behind it; for

10、those who suffer losses, the blessing seems light but it lasts longer. There is no fixed and unified standard to define what blessing is. It is a feeling in comparison. In contrast with the common people who live on the plain food, those who indulge in extravagant pleasure are blessed; in contrast w

11、ith the people who are imprisoned or have been sentenced to death, those who are capable of farm work or are still alive are blessed. From this point of view, the saying that suffering a loss is a blessing is always right.問題:4. 人的一生好比馬拉松賽跑。人人都有最后一圈，這一圈通常屬于人生道路漫長的老人。七老八十的人，穿過艱難的世途，穿過蕓蕓眾生，穿過重重障礙，于是到了人

12、生的最后一圈。 這一圈路程有長有短，跑得有快有慢。有的人穩健有力，從容不迫；有的人歪歪扭扭，步子不正；有的人拖拖沓沓，蹣跚不前。也有跑入歪道的人，或跑不快還要擋道的人，或不按競賽規則亂跑的人，都是注定要失敗的。 誰能跑好這最后一圈，誰就是勝利者。 答案:Human life can be likened to a marathon race. All people, especially the aged who have already seen much of life, have to face the last lap. Septuagenarians and octogenarian

13、s are on the last lap of their lives after experiencing the twists and turns of their lives, meeting all varieties of mortal beings and going through one obstacle after another. People may keep fast or slow steps on their last lap due to the length of such a round. Some may run with steady and easy

14、steps; some may stagger and totter; some may be sluggish with faltering steps. What is worse, some may resort to dishonest practices; some, being slow themselves, may intentionally stand in the way of others; some may run in violation of the competition rules. Such people are doomed to fail. 問題:5. 為

15、什么要保護物種和語種?首先在于權利。每一物種都有在地球上生存的權利，每一個小民族都有使用祖先傳遞給他們的語言的權利，那幾乎是他們最重要的特征。其次，這種保護對其他物種，對其他人，對全人類都有好處。文化儲藏和積淀在語言中。人類文化的多樣性儲藏在其多樣的語種中。一個強健的生態系必然是多樣的，反過來這種多樣性又可以幫助它適應和安渡環境的變遷。正如同一個愚鈍的村婦寧愿犧牲一點便利，也會拒絕將她的全部雞蛋放在一個籃子里。答案:Every species is entitled to earthly existence, so is every minority to their own language

16、, an earmark above all passed from their ancestors. Secondly, such protection of species and languages is favorable to all species including human beings. Cultures are embodied and accumulated in languages, while cultural diversities are stored in linguistic diversities. A sound ecosystem is predica

17、ted on diversity, which, on the other hand, facilitates its adaption to the changing environment. It is in very much the same way as a maladroit countrywoman, though a little inconvenient for her, would refuse to put all her eggs in one single basket.問題:6. 克隆人、千年蟲、互聯網我們觸目所見的許多東西都在挑戰我們的思維和傳統。雖然我們應當有勇

18、氣來接受和不斷地超越人類的局限，可是并非一切發展都無懈可擊。無限制的發展和無限制的揮霍一樣的可怕，所以西方科學家生活在隱憂中，對未來的科學又喜又驚奇，反思科學發展成了他們的日常工作之一。我們或許還可以爭辯說，中國人還生活在爭取富足的道路上，不必杞人憂天。也許對于生活在科學門檻前面的中國人來說，科學仍然神秘而美麗，明艷照人。答案:Many things that we meet are all challenging our long-held thinking and customs. Although we should have the courage to accept and go b

19、eyond the limits of human capability, we should recognize that not all achievements are invulnerable. Unlimited development is as horrible as excessive spending, and that is why so many western scientists live in latent anxiety that they feel exulted yet shocked at the future science and keep reflec

20、ting on scientific advancement as one of their routine tasks. Some may argue that we Chinese are still on the way of striving for the abundant life and thus have no need meeting troubles half-way.問題:7. 幸福似乎主要是一種內心快樂的狀態。不過，它不是一般的快樂，而是非常強烈和深刻的快樂，以至于我們此時此刻會由衷地覺得活著是多么有意思，人生是多么美好。正是因為這樣，幸福最直接的體驗包含著我們對生命意

21、義的肯定評價。感到幸福，也就是感到自己生命的意義得到了實現。不管擁有這種體驗的時間是多么短暫，這種體驗卻總是指向人整個一生的，所包含的是對生命意義的總體評價。答案:Happiness seems to be a state of inner contentment, which is more than the joy we regularly obtain. It is such an intense and profound pleasure that anytime we may be occupied by the feeling of leading quite a meaningf

22、ul and satisfying life. It is owing to no other than this fact that the direct experience of happiness embraces our positive evaluation on the meaning of life. In other words, we may have achieved the value of our lives while we feel happy. This experience of happiness, no matter how brief it is, em

23、bodies the value of life as a whole, thus denoting a life-long period.問題:8. 我已經到了望九之年，可謂長壽矣。因此經常有人向我詢問長壽之道，養生之術。我敬謹答曰：“養生無術是有術。”因此，我首創了三“不”主義：不鍛煉，不挑食，不嘀咕，名聞全國。 我這個三不主義，容易招誤會，我現在利用這個機會解釋一下。我并不絕對反對適當的體育鍛煉。但不要過頭。一個人如果天天望長壽如大旱之望云霓，而又絕對相信體育鍛煉，則此人心態恐怕有點失常，反不如順其自然為佳。 至于不挑食，常見有人年才逾不惑，就開始挑食，每到吃飯，戰戰兢兢，如履薄冰，窘態

24、可掬，看了令人失笑。以這種心態而欲求長壽，豈非南轅而北轍! 我個人認為，第三點最為重要。對什么事情都不嘀嘀咕咕，心胸開朗，樂觀愉快，吃也吃得下，睡也睡得著，有問題則設法解決之，有困難則努力克服之，決不視芝麻綠豆大的窘境如蘇迷廬山般大，也決不毫無原則地隨遇而安，決不玩世不恭。有這樣的心境，焉能不健康長壽? 答案:One who overrates physical training while dreaming of living a long life as longing for clouds in a serious drought might be mentally unbalanced. On the contrary, it is better to learn to let things take their own cours