本資料來自于資源最齊全的世紀教育網專題二代詞和數詞一、代詞在句子中代替名詞或名詞詞組的詞。英語中的代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關系代詞和不定代詞八種。1人稱代詞還有主格和賓格之分，在句中作主語和賓語。它有人稱、數和格的變化。I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. 2物主代詞是表示所有關系的代詞， 它有形容詞性和名詞性兩種。形容詞性物主代詞相當于形容詞的性質，放在名詞之前， 在句中常作定語。名詞性物主代詞相當于名詞，后面不能使用名詞，在句中作主語、賓語和表語。Their school is twice as big as ours. 3反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞和第三人稱代詞賓格，后面加詞尾self 或者selves構成。反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關系，在人稱、性、數上保持一致。反身代詞在句中可用作動詞賓語、介詞賓語、表語和同位語。Tom taught himself maths when he was 10 years old. 4指示代詞是用來指示或標志人或事物的代詞。它們主要有：this, that, these, those。指示代詞所指的對象取決于談話雙方都熟悉的語境。指示代詞在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。This car is not mine. That one over there is mine. 5疑問代詞是引導的疑問句為特殊疑問句。一般放在疑問句的句首。疑問代詞有who，whom，whose，what，which。其中who，whom，whose只能指人，what和 which 可指人或物。Which of the two boys is your younger brother?6不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。不定代詞有：some, any, no和every 以及這些詞與one, body和thing構成的復合詞。它們在句中可作主語和賓語等成分。Miss Liu is such a good teacher that everyone in our school likes her.7相互代詞主要有each other和one another。8關系代詞主要用在定語從句中。二、數詞數詞：表示數目多少或順序多少的詞，數詞分為基數詞和序數詞。基數詞：表示數目多少的數詞。序數詞：表示順序的數詞。一、英語中代詞的相關知識龐雜，在語言使用中有極為頻繁。雖然代詞的用法看似簡單，但其實并不容易。一般說來，高考試題中主要對人稱代詞、反身代詞和不定代詞進行考查，常見的有以下幾種情況：1人稱代詞和反身代詞作賓語人稱代詞主要用來代替表示人的名詞或詞組，有人稱、數、性和格之分，在句中常作主語、賓語和補語。反身代詞由“物主代詞 self (selves)”構成，在句中可作賓語、補語和同位語。This car doesnt belong to me. It belongs to my sister.Treat yourself to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day.2one, it和that的用法one指代上文的單數名詞，泛指不特定的名詞，ones為其復數形式；the one代替前面的單數名詞，表示特指，往往其后有定語。it指代前面提到過的名詞，即前面提到的那個特定的事物。that代替上文出現過的名詞；它既可替代單數可數名詞，也可替代不可數名詞。Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, one I will always treasure.I am looking for my pen, but I havent found it.We all know the weather in the south is much warmer than that in the north.3some, every, no和any及其構成的復合不定代詞的用法something (body / one), anything (body), everything (body), nothing (body)等在句中可作主語、賓語等成分，在試題中一般通過具體的語境來考查。Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly anything left in the house.I agree with most of what you said, but I cant agree with everything.4all, any, none, both, either和neither的用法What do you think of the performance today? Great! None but a musical genius could perform so successfully. I had to buy all these books because I didnt know which one was the best.含義兩者三者或三者以上都bothall任何一個eitherany 都不neithernone5the other, another和the others, others的用法I dont like this dress, so please show me another. Some are dancing and singing; others are listening to stories.another指三者或三者以上中事物的“另一個”。the other指兩個事物中的“另一個”。others指不定的“其他的人或事物”。the others在一個固定范圍之內的“其余的；其他的”。二、復習數詞時要注意以下幾點：1在序數詞前可以加不定冠詞a表示“再一；又一”之意。We will have to do it a second time.I have had a third apple.2分數的表示法 英語中分數的寫法我們可以記住下面的口訣： 分子基數詞，分母序數詞。 分子大于一，分母用復數。 About threefourths of the surface of the earth is covered by water. One third of the pupils in our class like playing football.3倍數的表示法倍數的表示方法是高考的重點，常見的有以下三種形式：(1)倍數 as 形容詞/副詞 asIt is said that our new school is three times as big as our present one.(2)倍數形容詞/副詞的比較級 thanThere are twice more students in our school than in theirs.(3)倍數 the size (length, height.) ofThe new building is five times the size of the old one.4hundred,thousand, million, score和dozen等詞的用法hundred和thousand等詞和具體數字連用時要用單數形式，與of連用時要用復數形式。There are more than three thousand students in their school.Millions of people watched the games on TV last night.5年代或歲數的表達方法表示年代和歲數時用逢十的基數詞的復數形式來表示。In the 1990s, when he was in his thirties, he went abroad for further study.It is not rare in the 1980s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education.6編號的表達法第一課 Lesson One / The First Lesson502房間 Room 502新府路88號88 Xinfu Road新泰一中 XinTai No. 1 Middle School7數詞的修飾語表示“大約”的常用詞語有about, nearly, some, around或or so。表示“超過”的常用詞語有over或more than。表示“不超過；少于”用less than或fewer than。The sea covers nearly threefourths of the worlds surface.The oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use.Even under the best conditions, we couldnt finish in less than three days.高考真題探究（20062011）【2011湖南卷)26】One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is【答案】A【考點】考查主謂一致。【解析】整個國家為整體，三分之一的部分當然也應用單數；而the majority of citizens主要指人，是可數名詞，此時的謂語動詞用復數，表示“大多數，大部分”。10全國Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn答案B考點考查主謂一致和時態。解析首先the only one of .為先行詞時, 定語從句修飾的是one, 即one是主語, 而非后面的復數women, 根據主謂一致的原則, 謂語動詞應該用復數, 排除A, D。另外, 從 “is”可以看出句子是要表示一種習慣, 因此要用一般現在時, 排除C, 故選A07浙江It is reported that the floods have left aboutpeople homeless.A.two thousandB.two-thousandsC.two thousandsD.two thousands of答案A考點本題考查數詞的用法。解析hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等指具體數字時, 不用復數形式；指大約數字時, 常用復數形式。如：one hundred, two thousand, three million, hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/dozens/scores of。06北京She went to the bookstore and bought.A.dozen booksB.dozens booksC.dozen of booksD.dozens of books答案D考點本題考查dozen的用法。解析dozen意為 “一打, 十二個”, 與數詞連用時要用單數形式。與of連用時要用復數形式。dozens of意為 “若干, 許許多多”。dozen與數詞或many, several連用時其后不加s；dozen前有基數詞表示確切數字時, 其后一般不與of連用。【2011全國卷II,11】I got this bicycle for ; My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing【答案】D【考點】考查復合不定代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“我沒花錢就得了這輛自行車；我的朋友買了一輛新車，就把這輛給了我。”根據后面“gave it to me”可判斷沒花錢，nothing表否定，for表示交換。因此選D。【2011北京卷,34】The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .A. them B. those C. it D. that【答案】C【考點】考查代詞it的用法。【解析】句意為“由于當地政府的努力，大城市里的就業率持續升高。”it代指前面交代過的“the employment rate”，是單數，而them和those是復數。因此選C。【2011天津卷,1】We feel our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one【答案】A【考點】考查代詞it的用法。【解析】句意為“我們覺得將我們的國家變得更好是我們的職責。”it在此句中充當形式賓語，代指“to make our country a better place”。 因此選A。【2011上海春招,26】They produced two reports, _ of which contained any useful suggestions.A. eitherB. allC. noneD. neither【答案】D【考點】考查不定代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“他們提供了兩份報告，沒有一份報告含有任何有用的建議。”neither兩個都不；either兩者之一，但后半句里的“any useful suggestions”與否定連用；all與none指三個或三個以上，與前面的“two reports”不相一致。因此選D。【2011山東卷,24】The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them C. her D. that【答案】A【考點】考查it的用法。【解析】句意為“這兩個女孩長得很相像，不熟悉的人很難將她倆區分開來。”it在此句中充當形式賓語，代指“to tell one from the other”。 因此選A。【2011福建卷,21】We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it【答案】C【考點】考查不定代詞one的用法。【解析】句意為“在你們的假期里，我們這兒有各種暑期夏令營，你們可以根據自己的興趣任選一個。”one代替單數可數名詞，表泛指，相當于“a/an + 單數名詞”。這里泛指某個summer camp夏令營。因此選C。【2011安徽卷,22】Surprisingly, Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_ almost an overcoat for her.A. them B. her C. itself D. herself【答案】C【考點】考查反身代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“令人驚嘆的是，Susan美麗的長發垂到她的膝蓋下面，就像一件外套似的。”反身代詞itself指的是前面提到的beautiful hair。而them,her和herself指的都是人。因此選C。【2011浙江卷,7】Since people are fond of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as _ else. A. anything B. something C. anywhere D. somewhere【答案】C【考點】考查不定代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“人們喜愛幽默，所以，在談話中或者別的什么地方的幽默都受人歡迎。”疑問副詞anywhere與else連用，表示（除了in conversation的）其他任何地方，表示場合的。而anything和something是表示超越場合的事物。因此選C。【2011四川卷,3】There is in his words. We should have a try.A. something B. anything C.nothing D.everything【答案】A【考點】考查不定代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“他的話有些道理，我們應該試一試。”something 指不簡單的事、可觀的成績、有些地位的人。因此選A。【2011重慶卷,27】Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of over there?A. the one B. this C.it D.that【答案】D【考點】考查指示代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“我真傻！想不起來自己的行李是什么樣子的。你看看那邊的是不是你的？”指示代詞that指時間與空間上較遠的事物，over there交代了空間上的遠距離。this指時間與空間上較近的事物，the one和it都特指前面曾經交代過的事物。結合語境，選D。【2011陜西卷,16】Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? one? A.Other B.Every C.Another D.More【答案】C【考點】考查不定代詞與數詞的連用。【解析】句意為“親愛的，可不可以到廚房里給我拿一塊巧克力來？還要吃一塊？”another 與數詞連用時，數詞放在another的后面，如another three chairs; other和more與數詞連用時，數詞放在它們的前面，如one more apple, two other boys；every指每一個，含義與all接近。因此選C。【2011湖南卷,24】I knew that _ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director. A. something B. anything C. everything D.nothing【答案】D【考點】考查不定代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“我知道沒有什么能夠阻止他；他決不會放棄做一名導演的念頭。”根據后面“never give up”可知前面相應地也要用否定性的不定代詞nothing。因此選D。【2011遼寧卷,27】Would you like tea or coffee? , thank you. Ive just had some water.A. Either B. Both C. Any D. Neither【答案】D【考點】考查不定代詞的用法。【解析】句意為“你是想喝茶還是咖啡？謝謝你，都不想喝。我剛才已經喝了水了。”通過后面“Ive just had some water”可以判定是拒絕tea 和coffee。neither“兩者中哪個都不”，其所指范圍是兩個人或物；either表示“兩者中的任何一個”；both“兩個都”，修飾可數名詞，統指兩者；any用于肯定句，作“任何的”解。因此選D。【2011江西卷25】Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on?A. that B.it C.his D.him【答案】B【考點】考查代詞it作形式賓語的用法。【解析】句意為“為什么你不讓他注意到你病得太嚴重了以至于不能工作下去？”it作形式賓語，指代句子后面that引導的賓語從句。因此選B。10福建When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me?A. everythingB. anything C. somethingD. nothing答案C考點考查不定代詞的辨析解析句子的意思是當你向Mr. John介紹我的時候, 你可以為我說一些好話嗎? A. everything 所有的；B. anything 任何事；D nothing 什么也沒有 C. something表示一些, 某些10上海If our parents do everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves答案D考點本題考查反身代詞解析主語為we, 因此應為ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生。根據句意, 選D。10安徽You are a team star! Working with_ is really your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other答案C考點本題考查不定代詞的用法。解析句意為 “你是球隊明星！與他人合作必須是你喜歡做的事。”習語 “ones cup of tea”意為 “the type of thing or person that you like”。10山東Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one答案D考點本題考查代詞的用法。解析句意應為”幫助別人是一種習慣, 一個你在很小時就能學會的習慣。”空格處與前句中的habit構成同位關系, 所以選擇D項。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了關系代詞that 的定語從句, that在定語從句中作learn的賓語使用。10天津 in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something答案B考點考查復合不定代詞的用法。解析nothing用于句中表示否定意義, 而其他三個詞則表示肯定意義。句意：我一生中什么都沒有我第一次參觀故宮給我的印象更深刻。10陜西The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 答案A考點考查代詞。解析所填詞用于比較狀語從句中, 指代句子的主語cost, 即指代不可數名詞, 用that。This指代下文即將提到的事物；it指代 “同一物”；one指代 “同類中的一個”之意。10四川On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was a baby. A. him B. his C. me D. mine答案C考點考查代詞。解析take a photo of sb意為給某人照相, 此處應用人稱代詞的賓格。正確答案為C。10全國Neither side is prepared to talk to _unless we can smooth things over between them. A. others B. the other C. another D. one other答案B考點考查不定代詞。解析Neither含有 “兩者都不”之意, 一方對應另一方, 故用the other指 “兩者中的另一個”。10重慶He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found of them again. A. neitherB. eitherC. eachD. all答案B考點考查代詞。解析由 “his temper and health”可以排除C項和D項, 由后面的never表否定, 選either, never either是全部否定, 相當于neither。10重慶To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions had used the products. A. whateverB. whoC. whicheverD. which答案A考點考查關系代詞。解析這兒_ used the products。是個賓語從句, 從句中缺少主語, 并且指人, 所以用whoever.10浙江 thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. AOneBAllCEverything DAnything答案B考點本題考查不定代詞。解析分析四個選項的意思, 根據語境：重要的是你正在努力并且朝著正確的方向前行。從而判斷此處選擇all意思最合適。09山東I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that.A. other B. another C. the other D. others答案B考點本題考查與other 相關的單詞的區別, 解析由題意知：我昨天一整天感到很糟糕, 以至于我今天早晨決定我不會面對那樣的一天。是指在未來的日子中的一天, 故用another.09陜西Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer_of them.A. other B. any C. none D. some答案B考點考查不定代詞。解析所填詞與not構成全部否定, 四個選項中只有any與not可以構成not any, 等于none, 表全部否定, 故選B。09上海Wow! Youve got so many clothes.But _ of them are in fashion now .A. all B. both C. neither D. none答案D考點考查不定代詞的用法。解析由but可知后句句意發生轉折, 前句中so many clothes表示 “多數”故應選D。09全國IOne of the most important questions they had to consider was of public healthA. what B. this C. that D. which答案C考點考查不定代詞的用法。解析句意為：他們必須考慮其中最重要的問題是公共衛生。考查that作代詞, that 作代詞, 往往用于特指, 相當于 “that名詞”, 它也只能代替事情不能代替人。09陜西Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer of them. A. other B. any C. none D. some 答案B考點考查不定代詞。解析所填詞與not構成全部否定, 四個選項中只有any與not可以構成not any, 等于none, 表全部否定, 故選B。09四川I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_.A. one B. it C. this D. that答案B考點考查不定代詞的用法。解析意思是：我喜歡這個前面有一個美麗花園的房子, 但是我沒有足夠多的錢去把它買下來。第一句話中的this house表明在該語境中是特指的用法, 所以答案為it, 表示特指。該題容易誤選one, 要注意的是one表示泛指。09浙江Ive read another book this week.Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it答案D考點考查強調句型。解析句中 “not how much you read”足以做動詞count的主語, 所以選D使之構成強調句型。09全國IICharles was alone at home, with looking after him.A. someone B. anyone C. not one D. no one答案D考點考查不定代詞的用法。解析根據句子提供的信息alone可知沒有人照顧他。故用代詞no one。09全國IIThe CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get completely free.A. other B. others C. one D. ones答案C考點考查不定代詞的用法。解析句子可以還原為Buy a CD and you get a free CD。one替代a+可數名詞單數。09重慶Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in_ way or another for the better. A. any B. one C. every D. either答案B考點考查代詞的用法。解析one or another的用法 “無論如何”。 在過去的二十年里, 互聯網在這樣或那樣的方面幫助我們的世界變得更好。09江蘇Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _ of their parents.A. those B. one C. both D. that答案D考點考查代詞的用法。解析代are expected08全國IWhich of the two computer games did you prefer?Actually I didnt like _.A. both of themB. either of themC. none of themD. neither of them答案B考點考查代詞的用法。解析考查部分否定與全部否定。I didnt like either of them.相當于I liked neither of them.。08全國IThe English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. the one答案C考點考查代詞的用法。解析that用來代替前面出現的the English。08安徽The two girls are getting on very well and share _ with each other.A. little B. much C. some D none答案B考點考查代詞的用法。解析句意為：這兩個女孩現在相處得很好, 她們互相分享很多東西。much作代詞時, 意為 “許多”, 而some只是 “一些”。08福建How do you find your new classmates? Most of them are kind, but _is so good to me as Bruce.A. none B. no one C. every one D. some one答案A考點考查代詞的用法。解析but表示前后語意轉折, 根據語境應排除C、D兩項；no one僅指人, 表示泛指；none既指人又指物, 用none時要有一定的范圍, 本題中暗含 “none of them”的意思。08湖南Our nerghbors gave _ a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest.A. us,it B. us,itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves, it答案B考點考查代詞的用法。解析句意為：昨天我們的鄰居給了我們一只雛鳥, 這只雛鳥從窩里摔下來時受了傷。第一空給 “我們”, 應用us；第二空 “鳥傷到了自己”, 故用反身代詞itself。08山東Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave.A. somethingB. anythingC. everything D. nothing答案C考點考查代詞的用法。解析句意為：在你離開之前, 確保你帶好護照、票以及所有的一切。something指某件東西；anything任何一件東西, 強調個體；everything強調整體, 由句意可知C項正確。08江西Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _after an injury?A. himself B. him C. itself D. it答案C考點考查代詞的用法。解析此處用itself指代人體自身。08遼寧Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?Victoria Street? _ is where the Grand Theatre is.A. SuchB. ThereC. ThatD. This答案C考點考查代詞的用法。解析句意為： “你能告訴我怎么去維多利亞大街嗎？” “維多利亞大街？那是Grand Theatre所在的地方。”用that替代上文的Victoria Street。08陜西He doesnt have _ furniture in his room -just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D. much答案A考點考查代詞的用法。解析否定句中, 修飾不可數名詞furniture, 用any。句意, 他房子里沒有任何家具, 只有一張舊桌子。08四川The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _ four percent.A. any other B. the other C. another D. other答案C考點考查代詞的用法。解析句意為：經理認為價格不會按高于另外4%的比例上漲。any other表示 “中任何其他的”, 在同范圍中比較, 如：China is larger than any other country in Asia.（中國比亞洲的其他任何國家都大。）the other表示 “兩者中的另一個”, 如：I have two dogs.One is white and the other is black.（我有兩條狗。一條是白的, 另一條是黑的。）another表示 “三者以上的另外, 又一個”, 后接數詞, 如：another week(另一周, 再一周), another two weeks(另外兩周)。other表示 “另外的, 其他的”, 表泛指。08浙江Id like some more cheese. Sorry, theres _ left.A. some B. none C. a little D. few答案B考點考查代詞的用法。