1、Lessen planning is the first step for good teaching,Module 1 Lessen planning,1,Experienced teachers do not need to do LP. Both the teacher and the students benefit from proper LP. The most important component of a lesson plan is the steps that the teachers go through in the classroom.,Agree or Disag

2、ree?,2,Different teachers teaching students in the same grade should write the same lesson plans. Teachers with different personalities and teaching styles will write different lesson plans. Its important for the teachers to familiarize themselves with the context in which language teaching and lear

3、ning is taking place.,3,Lesson planning vs. lesson plans Principles of good lesson planning Components of a lesson plan The components of a lesson plan Video watching,Contents,4,Lesson planning making decisions in advance about what aims to be achieved, materials to be covered, activities to be orga

4、nized, and techniques, resources to be used in order to achieve the aims of the lesson. A lesson plan a written form of micro planning.,Lesson planning vs. lesson plans,5,A lesson plan is a framework of a lesson in which teachers make advance decisions about what they hope to achieve and how they wo

5、uld like to achieve it. It may involves the aims, materials, activities, techniques and resources.,2. The Importance of Lesson Planning,Teaching is a dynamic activities performed in and out of class, so a well-prepared lesson plan can aid language teachers in a number of the following ways:,1) A cle

6、ar lesson plan makes the teachers aware of the aims and language contents of the lesson.,2) It helps teachers distinguish the various stages of a lesson and accordingly arrange the different difficulty levels.,3) Proper lesson planning gives teachers the opportunity to anticipate potential problems.

7、,4) Good lesson planning gives teachers confidence in class.,5) By lesson planning, teachers also become aware of the teaching aids that are needed.,6) Lesson planning is a good practice and a sign of professionalism. 7) Lesson planning will enable the teacher to improve class timing. 8) Lesson plan

8、ning is an aid to continuing development,3. Principles for Good Lesson Planning,Generally speaking, there are five basic principles which can guide good lesson planning.,1) Aim: the realistic goals for the lesson.,2) Variety: planning a number of different types of activities and where possible, int

9、roducing students to a wide selection of materials so that learning is always interesting, motivating and never monotonous for the students.,3) Flexibility: preparing some extra and alternative tasks and activities as the class does not always go according to the plan so that teachers always have th

10、e options to cope with the unexpected situations rather than being the slaves of written plans or one methodology.,4) Learnability: the contents and tasks planned for the lesson should be within the learning capability of the students.,5) Linkage: the stages and the steps within each stage are plann

11、ed in such a way that they are someway linked with one another.,4. Macro Planning vs. Micro Planning,Macro planning is planning over a longer period of time. It is often done by a group of teachers who are teach the same course.,Micro planning is planning for a specific unit or a lesson. Teachers ma

12、y have different ways of writing their own lesson plans.,Micro planning should based on macro planning, and macro planning is apt to be modified as lessons go on.,Lesson Planning,Macro planning,Micro planning,Whole course planning,One semester planning,Half a semester planning,Unit planning,Lesson p

13、lanning,Macro planning is not writing lesson plans for specific lessons but rather helping teachers get overall view about the course. It involves the following:,1) Knowing about the profession,2) Knowing about the institution,3) Knowing about the learners,4) Knowing about the curriculum/syllabus,5)

14、 Knowing about the textbook,6) Knowing about the objectives,Components of a lesson plan,Background information,Teaching aims(objectives),Language contents and skills,Stages and procedures,Teaching aids,assignments,Main and difficult points,Background Information,It should include,Who the students ar

15、e;,The number of the students in the class;,Which grade they are in;,The time and date of the lesson;,The time duration of the lesson,Teaching Aims,1) Teaching aims or objectives should focus on the learners performance rather than the teachers.,2) Teaching objectives should emphasize on language sk

16、ills, knowledge, affects, strategies and culture awareness in order to lay a good foundation for continuing development. (abilities, not linguistic knowledge or concrete activities),Procedures 1) Whatever procedures the teachers use, for almost every lesson, a warm-up or a starter is necessary.,2) A

17、 warm-up is an activity or a series of activities that a teacher does at the beginning of the lesson. It does not take long in a lesson, but it can fulfill a wide range of purpose.,A warm-up can take many forms: a song, questions and answers; a daily conversation, a story, a guessing game, a picture

18、 description, homework checking, etc.,A warm-up should directly contribute to the overall lesson objectives.,Teaching Aids,1) In lesson planning, teaching aids are very necessary in providing resources and aiding learning for the students.,2) Teaching aids are not chosen at random but are strictly u

19、sed to serve teaching and learning.,Optional Activities and Assignment,Teachers should always remember to prepare some optional activities and decide on the type of assignment for the students after the class because they can successfully reinforce knowledge learned in class,Why? “Very often, teachi

20、ng does not follow exactly what we plan and unexpected things happen during the lesson.” Such reflections “can contribute greatly to teachers professional development”. What? Feelings about the lesson, students performances, unexpected incidents, surprises, things that went well, things went wrong a

21、nd things to be improved or things to be given more attention in the next lesson,Teachers after-lesson reflection,Two important points in designing lesson plans: A good lesson plan does not have to be long or extremely detailed. A good lesson plan should be simple to follow and effective for fulfill

22、ing the teaching aims.,Sample lesson plans,Lesson planning is necessary and beneficial to both experienced and novice teachers. Major principles for good lesson planning include: aim, variety, flexibility, learnability and linkage. Lesson planning can be done at macro and micro levels. The major components of a lesson plan are background information, aims, main points , language contents and skills, stages and procedures, teaching aids, end-of-lesson summary, assignment, and after lesson reflectio