2025北京豐臺高三一模英語2025.03本試卷共12頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。筆試共三部分（100分）第一部分知識運用（共兩節，30分）第一節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Isteppedoutofthestore,jugglingafewshoppingbagsinmyhands,lookingforwardtothedrivehome.AsIreachedmycar,awaveofpanicwashedoverme.Ihad___1___mykeysandmobilephoneinsidethevehicle.Inamomentofannoyance,Igavethetireahardkick.Ateenageronabikehappenedtopassbyatthatverymoment.Hestopped,andhiseyesfilledwith___2___.“What’swrong?”heasked.Isigheddeeplyandexplainedmyrather___3___situation.“ButevenifIcouldcallmywife,”Iadded,mytone___4___,“shecan’tbringmethesparecarkey,sinceshe’stakingcareofourchildrenathome.”Withouthesitation,he___5___mehismobilephone.“CallyourwifeandtellherI’mingtogetthesparekey,”hesaid.Ilookedathimin___6___.“That’san11kilometreroundtrip!”Iprotested.Buthewasdeterminedandsaid,“Don’tworryaboutit.”Anhourseemedto___7___asIwaitedanxiously.Buttruetohisword,he___8___withthekeyinhand.Iwasoverjoyedandimmediatelyreachedformywallettoofferhimsomemoneyasagestureofmy___9___.However,hefirmlyrefused.“Let’sjustsayIneededtheexercise,”hesaidwithasmile.Then,withacasualwave,hegotbackonhisbikeandrodeoff.Inaworldthatoftenseemsfocusedonselfinterest,hiskindnesswasashiningexampleofthegoodnessthatstillexists.Asimpleactof____10____canhaveaprofoundimpactonsomeone’sday.1.A.placed B.hidden C.stored D.locked2.A.hope B.sadness C.concern D.anxiety3.A.unfortunate B.dangerous C.adventurous D.promising4.A.relaxed B.exhausted C.excited D.defeated5.A.left B.handed C.sent D.sold6.A.disbelief B.anger C.regret D.fear7.A.jumpahead B.flyby C.dragon D.earound8.A.returned B.hesitated C.disappeared D.settled9.A.kindness B.satisfaction C.admiration D.gratitude10.A.devotion B.generosity C.courage D.sharing第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答。Whalesswimbymovingtheirtailsupanddown.Thismotion____11____(create)pressurepulses(脈沖)whichharmtheirbrains.However,whalesfindaway____12____(avoid)suchdamage.Researchhasrevealedthatanetworkofbloodvessels(血管)intheirbrainsplaysacrucialrole.Itcanmaintainstablebloodpressure,____13____(effective)reducingover90%ofthepotentialharm.Thisdiscoveryalsohelpsexplain____14____seals,whichdon’tfacethesameissue,lackthesestructures.B閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答。InTraditionalChineseMedicine,cinnamon,knownas“RouGui”,____15____(use)forcenturiesforitsmedicinalproperties.Itisconsideredawarmingherb,meaningthatitisbelievedtorelievepainanddisfort____16____(associate)withcoldanddampconditions.Cinnamoncanharmonizethebody’senergiesandenhanceoverallwellbeing,whichmakesitamustforthose____17____wanttoimprovetheirimmunesystem.C閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答。LastDecember,Iorderedawarmhamburgeratafoodstore.AsIleftthestore,Inoticedtherewasanolderpoorgentleman____18____(sit)atthebusstop.Knowingitwouldprobablybehisonlywarmmealoftheday,I____19____(give)himthehamburger.Butallwasnotlostforme.Anothercustomerofferedmehalfofherhamburger.IwassodelightedbecauseIrealisedthat____20____onewayoranother,wearealllookedafter.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AFREEFAMILYDAYPASSNationalTrustLookingfortheperfectdayoutthisMarch?Whetheryoulovepeacefulwoodlandwalks,birdwatching,ordiscoveringnewplacessurroundedbynature,theNationalTrusthassomethingforeveryone.Thankstothisincredibleoffer,youcanenjoyaFREEvisittoaNationalTrustpropertyofyourchoice.Itwillgiveyoutheperfectexcusetogatheryourlovedonesandexplorethegreatoutdoors.Startyouryearbyreconnectingwithnatureandmakingunforgettablememorieswithfamilyandfriends.Don’tmissoutonthiswonderfulopportunitytoexperiencethebeautyofNationalTrustsites—pletelyfree!HOWTOCLAIMCutoutthevoucher(代金券)belowandpresentatyourchosenNationalTrustlocation.SomeNationalTrustpropertiesrequireadvancebooking,pleasecheckthepropertywebsiteforfulldetails.Certainplacesareexcluded(排除在外)fromthispromotion,detailscanbefoundatreachforms.co.uk/nationaltrustpass.FREENationalTrustFAMILYPASS1.Thispassissingleuseandiseffectiveoncefromthedateofissuethroughto31December,2025inclusive.2.ThispassallowsfreeadmissionatparticipatingNationalTrustplacesfor2adultsandupto3children,or1adultandupto4children.Adultsareaged18orover;childrenareagedunder17inclusive.3.Thispassisforstandardadmissiononlyandexcludesparking,groupentity,paidtransport,andanypaidevents.4.ThispassiseffectiveatparticipatingNationalTrustplaceswithinadvertisedopeninghours.Openinghoursmaybesubjecttochangeatanytimeandshouldbecheckedat.uk.5.Presentthispasstoreceivefreeadmissionatparticipatingplaces.Passholderswhocannotpresentthepass,orvisitanexcludedplace,willbechargedthefulladmissionprice.6.Onlyonepassperhouseholdwillbepermitted.21.WhatcanpeopleenjoywiththeNationalTrust’soffer?A.Anoutdooractivityclosetonature.B.Abirdwatchingphotographycourse.C.Anexplorationtonationalmuseums.D.Avisittoatreasurethemedexhibition.22.Onecangetfreeadmissionby________.A.purchasingadigitalpassonawebsiteB.showingthevoucherattheselectedsiteC.submittinganapplicationonthewebsiteD.joiningasamemberoftheNationalTrust23.Accordingtothepassage,thepass________.A.allowsfreeentryforasixpersonfamilyB.includesfreetransportandparkingC.islimitedtooneperhouseholdD.canbeusedmorethanonceBForyears,RobynElman,anatureadvocate,hasbeenpassionatelyraisingtheendangeredmonarchbutterfliesinthecozycornerofherbackyard.Shecollectsthebutterflyeggsfromthemilkweedplants—theonlyfoodforthesedelicatecreatures—alongsidethehighways.Eachtimeshegoesonherjourneytothehighways,shehopestheselittleeggs,whichareaspreciousashiddentreasures,willhatch(孵化)intomanybeautifulcreatures.Theywillslowlymakethegroupwhichisgettingsmallergraduallybreathenewlife.Butrealitydestroyedherhopeslastyear.Insteadofbeinggreetedbythegreenmilkweedplants,shewasmetwiththedesolatesightofmowedstubs(修剪過的草茬)anddestroyedeggs.Themilkweedplantshadbeencutdown,andallleftwereshortstubs.Shefeltadeepsenseofloss.“Istherereallynohopeforthesedelicate,flyingcreatures?”shewhisperedtoherself,herheartasheavyasabigpieceoflead.Evenaspainconsumedher,Robynremaineddetermined.Sheteamedupwithothernaturelovers.TheyreachedouttoFrankConiglio,thecity’sdirectorofhighwaymaintenance,urginghimtocutthebutterfliesabreak.Atfirst,Frankwasdoubtful.Hethought,“Howimportantcanthisbe?Whatdifferencewillitmake?It’sjustsomebutterfliesandplants.”ButasRobynandherfriendspouredouttheirworries,andkeptexplainingtheimportanceoftheissue,Frankbegantounderstand.Hefinallyrealised,“Whathappenstothebutterfliesisgoingtohappentous,isn’tit?”,asifalightbulbhadsuddenlyswitchedoninhismind.Frankwenttoworkonstudyingmoreaboutmonarchbutterflies,andfinallyhesupportedtheircause,andtookdecisiveaction.Hestoppedmowingincertainareas,drawinganinvisiblelineofprotection.Sofar,around20patchesofmilkweedplants,likeoasesintheurbandesert,havebeenprotectedacrossthecity.“We’remakingarealdifference,”Franksaidproudly.Thankstotheirbinedefforts,themonarchbutterfliesnowhaveabrighterfuture,andthecity’secosystemisonthepathtopositivetransformation.24.Asanatureadvocate,RobynElman________.A.growssomemilkweedinherbackyardB.raisesbutterfliesalongsidethehighwayC.collectsbutterflyeggsandhatchesthemD.studiesmilkweedandprovesthemvaluable25.HowdidRobynfeeluponseeingthemowedstubs?A.Upsetanddisappointed. B.Angryandannoyed.C.Embarrassedandashamed. D.Terrifiedandconfused.26.WhatdidFrankdotohelpprotectthemonarchbutterflies?A.Heraisedtheawarenessofthepublic.B.Hestudiedthelocalnaturalecosystem.C.Heprotectedmilkweedincertainareas.D.Hemovedthebutterfliestoasafeplace.27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Wildlifeconservationtakesabackseattourbandevelopment.B.Governmentpoliciesplayamainroleinwildlifeconservation.C.Thedamageofhabitatshaslongtermimpactontheecosystem.D.mitmentandcooperationcausepositiveecologicaloutes.CDuringWWII,mathematicianAlanTuringgatheredateamoflogicexpertstodecodeenemymessages,akeysteptowardvictory.Iftherewasonebranchofmathematicswhichcouldbesaidtheywereusingsystematically,itwassymboliclogic.However,thecurriculumdesignsthatmethodicallydevelopstudents’symboliclogicabilitiesarerelativelyrare.Symboliclogicisaformofmathematicsthatletsuscheckwhethercertainconclusionscorrectlyfollowfromasetoffacts.Consideralibrarybooktheftcase.Ifasuspectwasn’tinthelibraryonthedaythethefthappened,theycan’tbethethief.Ifpresent,theymayormaynotbe.Beinginthelibrarydoesn’tmeantheystolethebook.Symboliclogicturnsthiskindofargumentintoalgebra(代數學),readilyshared,solvedandgeneralizedforsolvingmysteries.Forcareerssuchaselectricalengineeringandputerscience,thevalueofsymboliclogicisundeniable.Thefundamentalbuildingblocksofmoderndigitalputersarecircuitsrepresenting“AND”and“OR”,whicharemoninsymboliclogic.Almosteveryputerprogramcontainssimilar“ifthenelse”logicalconditions.Professionalprogrammersmustroutinelywriteandtroubleshootsuchstatements.Butsymboliclogicisnotsolelylimitedtotechnicalfields.RutgersUniversitymathematicianGrayWengerarguesthatteachingresponsiblecitizenshiprequiresprovidingstudentswithmathematicalreasoningskills.Forexample,consideradebateoverastudyfindingthatmostadultswithouthighschoolcertificatesearnless.Aresponsiblecitizenmustthinkthroughtheimplicationsalongthelinesofthebooktheftcaseexampleabove.Nocertificatelikelymeanslowerine,butlowinedoesn’tmeannocertificate.Traininginsymboliclogicmakesthesesortsofreasoningssinkintotheircognitiveprocessesandbeesecondnaturetocitizens.Inaddition,symboliclogicequipsindividualstocounterfalseclaimsbydistinguishingbetweenseparateincidentsandsystematicevidence.Themosteffectivestrategyforthisliesinpreventiveeducation—teachingpeopletorecognizefaultyreasoningatitssource.Consider,forinstance,someglobalwarmingdoubtersuseonedayofcoldweatherasproofthatglobalwarmingisahoax(騙局).Butalogicalthinkercanquicklyspotthatweatherisshortterm,whileclimateislongtermchange.Somedoubttheneedforaseparatesymboliclogiccourse,believingotherclassescandothejob.Inwritingcourses,forexample,studentslearnhowtospotillogicalarguments,andelementaryproofsarecoveredintrigonometry(三角學).Muchcanbegainedbyteachingpeoplelogicalthinkingwithoutusinganysymbols.Butonlysymboliclogicensureslogicalstrictness.Apiecemealapproachisn’tenough;afullsemestercourseisneededforprehensivelearning.Symboliclogicisessentialforintellectualdevelopment.Byintegratingsymboliclogicintoeducationalframeworks,weequipfuturegenerationswiththeintellectualtoolstonavigateplexchallenges.Trainingforitmustbeincludedinthecurriculumandcannotbelefttochance.28.Accordingtothepassage,symboliclogiccanplayaprimaryrolewhen________.A.achefiscreatinganewrecipebybiningdifferentmaterialsB.astudentisdecidingwhichclubtojoinbasedonpersonalinterestsC.adoctorisidentifyingone’sillnessbyusingsignsandtestfindingsD.ajournalistiswritingafeaturearticlebyinterviewinglocalpeople29.Whatdoesthephrase“secondnature”underlinedinParagraph4probablymean?A.Aroutinepractice. B.Anautomaticability.C.Anessentialtool. D.Anecessaryquality.30.Fromthepassage,welearnthatsymboliclogic________.A.tellsthedifferencebetweenseparateincidentsB.ismainlyappliedinsolvingmathematicalpuzzlesC.questionsthebasicprinciplesofmodernputersD.enablespeopletodetectandchallengefalsearguments31.Theauthormayagreethatcurrentsymboliclogiceducationis________.A.unsatisfyingforthelackofsymboliclogiccoursesB.problematicandignoreslogicalreasoningpracticeC.acceptableifalternativecoursesareavailableD.manageableandwillimprovenaturallyDRecentfindingsfromtheDarkEnergySpectroscopicInstrument(DESI)inArizona,whichproducedthelargest3Dmapoftheuniverse,suggestthatdarkenergy—themysteriousforcedrivingtheuniverse’saccelerated(加速的)expansion—mightchangeovertime.Thischallengesthestandardmodelofcosmology(宇宙學),whichassumesasteadyacceleration.Darkenergyisthoughttomakeupnearly70%ofthecosmos,soifitsbehaviourreallyischangingastimepasses,itcouldhavesignificantimplicationsforourunderstandingoftheuniverse.SincetheDESIdatacameout,researchershavebeenworkingonwaystoexplaintheapparentchangesintheuniverse’sexpansionrate.Darkenergyisn’tdirectlyobservable,sothereareseveraloptionsthatcouldfit.OnesolutionsuggestedbyMichaelGardaattheFederalUniversityinBrazilandhiscolleaguesinvolveslettingdarkenergyinteractwithdarkmatter,aninvisibleandabundantformofmatterthatoutweighsordinarymatter.Thisinteractionisforbiddeninthestandardmodel,butifenergycouldflowfromtheuniverse’sdarkmattertoitsdarkenergy—essentiallychangingtheformertothelatter—theresearchers’simulations(模擬)showedthatthiswouldmatchtheDESImeasurements.Yet,themechanismforsuchanenergytransferisn’tclear.ThissolutionmightalsohelpresolvetheHubbletension,adifferenceinthewayswemeasuretheexpansionrateofthecosmos.Measurementsofthismadebyanalysingnearbygalaxies(knownas“local”measurements)giveanexpansionrate,orHubbleconstant,whichisslightlyhigherthantheoneobtainedfromthecosmicmicrowavebackground(CMB)—theremainingradiationfromtheearlyuniverse.CMBmeasurementsrelyonatheoreticalmodelofcosmicevolution,whichmayneedadjustmentifGarda’sproposaliscorrect.Byallowingenergytransferbetweendarkmatteranddarkenergy,theadjustedmodelcouldbringCMBbasedestimatesmorecloselyintolinewithlocalmeasurements,potentiallyresolvingthetension.Anotherproposedsolutioninvolvesdarkradiation,aninvisibleformofradiationsimilartolightbutposedofdarkphotons(光子).TamarAllaliatBrownUniversityandhisteamsuggestthatdarkradiationcouldexplaintheDESIdataandlessenedtheHubbletensionbyincreasingtheuniverse’sexpansionrateinitsearlystages.“Ifyouhavemoreradiation,theexpansionisfasterintheearlyuniverse,”saysAllali.Unlikeadjustmentstodarkenergy,darkradiationintroducesanewponentwithoutchangingexistingphysicallaws,makingitamoreconservativeapproach.AllalinotesthattheDESIdatadoesnotruleoutdarkradiationandevenshowsaslightpreferenceforit.Bothmodels—interactingdarkenergyanddarkradiation—fittheDESIdata,butneitherhasbeenconfirmed.ShawnSmithattheUniversityofEdinburgh,UK,pointsoutthatwhilemanyunconventionalmodelscouldexplaintheobservations,nonecurrentlypetewiththestandardcosmologicalmodelfromafundamentalphysicsperspective.Nevertheless,thesemodelsserveascatalystsforprogress,ensuringthatcosmologyremainsadynamicandevolvingfield.32.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thedevelopmentofscientificmodelstostudytheuniverse.B.Thediscoveryofdarkenergyanditsimpactontheuniverse.C.TheimportanceofDESIinstudyingtheuniverse’sbehavior.D.Theattemptstoexplaintheuniverse’sunexpectedexpansion.33.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Garda’sproposaloutperformsAllali’sinitssimplicity.B.Recentresearchhasfoundwaysfordarkenergytransfer.C.TheDESIdatahasconfirmedtheexistenceofdarkradiation.D.ThetwomodelssharesimilaritiesinreducingHubbletension.34.Thepassageisorganizedinthepatternof________.A.cause—effect—solution B.problem—solution—evaluationC.example—analysis—conclusion D.introduction—parison—result第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Expertshavewarnedthatanobsession(癡迷)withhealthyeatingcancausementalhealthproblems.Asurveyamongmentalhealthprofessionalsfound90%ofthosesurveyed,likeinpreviousresearch,hadseenpatientswithorthorexianervosa(ON).____35____Thesurveyfoundsomepatientscutoutfoodslikefish,meatordairy,consideringthem“unclean”.Theirfixationon“pure”foodsleadstodeficiencies(缺陷)likeirondeficiencyanaemiaorvitaminB12deficiency.Forexample,DrNiketSonpalfoundthathispatientsdidn’tconsumeenoughcalories,minerals,proteinorcarbohydrates.Somepatientsevencutoutentirefoodgroupsafterthebigdinnersofholidays.____36____ThetermONwascoinedin1997byDr.StevenBratman.Henoticedpatients’extremedietscausedmalnutrition,anxiety,andevendeath.____37____Itposesasignificantchallenge.Healthcareprovidersmaynotbetrainedtospotthesignseasily,andpatientsmightnotbeawaretheireatinghabits.Asaresult,diagnosisandtreatmentaredelayed.____38____HealthcareprovidersneedtobeattentivetoidentifyanddealwithONinpatients,providingsupportsuchasnutritionaladvice,psychologicalaid,anddietdiversityeducation.Thepublicneedstoknowtherisksofoverlystricteating.____39____Truewellbeingesfromahealthyrelationshipwithfood,notanobsessionwith“clean”eating.Bytakingthesesteps,wecanpreventmentalhealthissuescausedbyfixatingonhealthyeatingandpromoteaculturewherefoodbringsbothnourishmentandjoy.A.Despiteitsrisks,ONisn’tofficiallyrecognisedasaneatingdisorder.B.Someonlinehealthmunitiesprovidesomeselftreatmentmethods.C.ONpatientsshoweddoubleddepressionratesparedtononsufferers.D.Mediaandsocialplatformscanpromoteamorerealisticviewofnutrition.E.Hence,expertswarnedthatahealthydietshouldnotsimplybeseenasasourceofrestriction.F.Inlightofthefindings,themedicalmunityandthepublicshouldtakeabalancedviewonhealthyeating.G.Basically,orthorexiaisafixationoneatingonlyhealthyorpurefoods,orwhatanindividualperceivesashealthyorpure.第三部分書面表達（共兩節，32分）第一節（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區域作答。Inthedigitalage,technologyistransforminghowwemunicateandinteract.Whatwereoncesciencefictiontechideasarenowreality.Inthe2002filmMinorityReport,JohnAndertonusedadataglove,andnowtouchbasedputingismon.Similargaminginteractionmethodshaveappearedsince2006.Thesearejustatasteofwhat’stoe.MITputerscientistThomasKofflerpredictedthatvirtualtouchbasedputingisthefutureofhumanputerinterfaces.Healsosuggestedthatanevenmoreexcitingareaofresearch,onethatwilltransformhowwemunicatewithputersoverthelongerterm,issocalledbrainputerinterface(BCI).Today’sresearchonBCIworksonarelatedidea:thebrainmakesuseofelectricalsignals,anelectricalcode,tosendandprocessinformation.Asthebrainrunsonelectricalsignals,assumingthesecanbeaccuratelyread,thesignalsthusallowustomunicatewithexternaldevicesthroughthetransmissionofelectricalimpulses(脈沖)directlyfromthebrain.Intheory,itshouldbepossibletousebrainsignalsthatmoveyourarmandhandtocontrolaroboticarm,e.g.,topickupacoffeecup.Researchofthiskindisongoing.Cochlearimplants(人工耳蝸),allowingthehardofhearingtohear,arecurrentlythemostwidelyavailableuseforthistechnology.TheprincipleofBCIenablesbrainsignalstomunicatewiththeimplant,therebyoveringthedamagedpartoftheear.Inthefuture,itmaybepossibleforimplantsinthebraintoallowustomunicatedirectlywithandcontrolawidevarietyofdevices,usingthepowerofthoughtalone.Today,putersandsmartphoneswithfixedcamerasenablerealtimefacetofacechat.Nextupcouldbetelepresencerobots,whichletapersonremotelysee,movearound,andinteract.Idealforteleconferencingandremotesitetours,theirpotentialisclear.Ultimately,thedrivingforcebehinddigitalmunication’snextstageisthecooperativeintelligencethatmakeshumansexceptionalmunicators.40.AccordingtoThomasKoffler,whatwilltransformthewaywemunicatewithputersoverthelongerterm?_____________________________________________________________________________________41.Howdoelectricalsignalsallowustomunicatewithexternaldevices?_____________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.TheprincipleofBCIenablesbrainsignalstodirectlyfixthedamagedpartoftheear._____________________________________________________________________________________43.DoyouthinkBCIwillmakeourlivesbetter?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________________第二節（20分）44.假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，你的外國好友Jim打算在學校舉辦的世界非物質文化遺產展示周（WorldIntangibleCulturalHeritageExhibitionWeek）中介紹中國非物質文化遺產，發來郵件詢問你的建議。請你用英文給他回信，內容包括：1.你推薦的非物質文化遺產；2.簡要說明理由。注意：1.詞數100左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案筆試共三部分（100分）第一部分知識運用（共兩節，30分）第一節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.D5.B6.A7.C8.A9.D10.B【導語】這是一篇記敘文。作者把鑰匙和鎖在車內陷入困境，青少年熱心相助且拒收報酬，其慷慨善舉令人動容。【1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我走到我的車旁時，一陣恐慌涌上心頭。我把鑰匙和鎖在車里了。A.placed放置；B.hidden隱藏；C.stored儲存；D.locked鎖。根據上文“AsIreachedmycar,awaveofpanicwashedoverme.”以及常識可知，作者因為把鑰匙和鎖在車里拿不出來了所以感到恐慌，locked符合語境。且從后文作者不能打叫妻子送鑰匙也能推斷出是把鑰匙鎖在車里了。故選D項。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他停了下來，眼神中充滿了關切。“怎么了？”他問道。A.hope希望；B.sadness悲傷；C.concern關切；D.anxiety焦慮。根據下文“‘What’swrong?’heasked.”可知，這個青少年停下來詢問作者怎么了，說明他對作者的情況表示關切，concern符合語境。故選C項。【3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我深深地嘆了口氣，解釋了我相當不幸的處境。A.unfortunate不幸的；B.dangerous危險的；C.adventurous冒險的；D.promising有前途的。根據上文作者把鑰匙和鎖在車里，以及下文“‘ButevenifIcouldcallmywife,’Iadded,‘shecan’tbringmethesparecarkey,sinceshe’stakingcareofourchildrenathome’”可知，作者處于一種很不走運的情況，unfortunate符合語境。故選A項。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“但即使我能給我妻子打，”我補充道，語氣充滿挫敗感，“她也不能給我送備用車鑰匙，因為她正在家里照顧我們的孩子。”A.relaxed放松的；B.exhausted疲憊的；C.excited興奮的；D.defeated挫敗的。根據下文“shecan’tbringmethesparecarkey,sinceshe’stakingcareofourchildrenathome”可知，作者既無法拿到車里的鑰匙和，妻子也不能送備用鑰匙，所以此時作者的語氣應該是充滿挫敗感的，defeated符合語境。故選D項。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他毫不猶豫地把他的遞給了我。A.left離開；B.handed遞給；C.sent發送；D.sold賣。根據下文“‘CallyourwifeandtellherI’mingtogetthesparekey,’hesaid.”以及語境可知，這個青少年讓作者用他的給妻子打，所以是把遞給了作者，handed符合語境。故選B項。【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我難以置信地看著他。“那可是往返11公里的路程啊！”我抗議道。A.disbelief不相信；B.anger生氣；C.regret后悔；D.fear害怕。根據下文“‘That’san11kilometreroundtrip!’Iprotested.”可知，作者對于這個青少年要去11公里遠的地方取鑰匙感到很驚訝，不敢相信，indisbelief意為“難以置信地”，符合語境。故選A項。【7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當我焦急地等待時，一個小時似乎過得很慢。A.jumpahead向前跳；B.flyby飛逝；C.dragon拖延，過得很慢；D.earound蘇醒，順便來訪。根據下文“Iwaitedanxiously”以及語境可知，作者在焦急地等待，所以會覺得時間過得很慢，dragon符合語境。故選C項。【8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他信守諾言，手里拿著鑰匙回來了。A.returned返回；B.hesitated猶豫；C.disappeared消失；D.settled解決，定居。根據上文“hesaid,‘Don’tworryaboutit.’”以及“truetohisword”可知，這個青少年說會去取鑰匙，并且他信守了諾言，所以是拿著鑰匙回來了，returned符合語境。故選A項。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我非常高興，立刻伸手去拿錢包，想給他一些錢作為我感激的表示。A.kindness善良；B.satisfaction滿意；C.admiration欽佩；D.gratitude感激。根據上文“he8withthekeyinhand”可知，這個青少年幫作者去取了鑰匙，解決了作者的難題，所以作者想給他錢表達自己的感激之情，gratitude符合語境。故選D項。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個簡單的慷慨之舉可能會對某人的一天產生深遠的影響。A.devotion奉獻；B.generosity慷慨；C.courage勇氣；D.sharing分享。根據上文“However,hefirmlyrefused”以及語境可知，青少年毫不猶豫地幫助作者，還不要報酬，這是一種慷慨的行為，generosity符合語境。故選B項。第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.creates12.toavoid13.effectively14.why【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了鯨魚通過特殊血管網絡避免腦部受損的機制。【11題詳解】考查動詞時態和主謂一致。句意：這種運動產生壓力脈沖，會傷害它們的大腦。空處為句子的謂語動詞。句子陳述客觀事實，所以用一般現在時，且主語為Thismotion，謂語用第三人稱單數形式。故填creates。【12題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而，鯨魚找到了一種避免這種傷害的方法。名詞way后跟不定式作后置定語，表示“做……的方式”。故填toavoid。【13題詳解】考查副詞。句意：它可以保持穩定的血壓，有效地減少90%以上的潛在危害。修飾動詞reducing應用副詞effectively“有效的”，作狀語。故填effectively。【14題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：這一發現也有助于解釋為什么海豹沒有面臨同樣的問題，卻缺乏這些結構。空處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少原因狀語，表示“為什么海豹缺乏這些結構”，所以用why引導該從句。故填why。【答案】15.hasbeenused16.associated17.who【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了中醫中桂皮的歷史以及作用。【15題詳解】考查時態語態。句意：在傳統中醫中，桂皮因其藥用特性已被使用了幾個世紀。主語cinnamon與謂語構成被動關系，根據后文forcenturies可知為現在完成時的被動語態，助動詞用has。故填hasbeenused。【16題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：它被認為是一種溫暖的草藥，這意味著它被認為可以緩解與寒冷和潮濕環境有關的疼痛和不適。此處associate與painanddisfort為被動關系，用過去分詞作定語。故填associated。【17題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：肉桂可以協調身體的能量，增強整體健康，這使得它成為那些想要提高免疫系統的人的必需品。定語從句修飾先行詞those，關系詞在從句作主語，指人，故填who。【答案】18.sitting19.gave20.in【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者把一個漢堡給了一位貧窮的老人，然后得到另外一位顧客的半個漢堡作為回報。【18題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當我離開商店時，我注意到公共汽車站坐著一位貧窮的老先生。句中已有謂語動詞，所以用非謂語動詞形式。名詞anolderpoorgentleman與sit之間為主動關系，所以用現在分詞作后置定語。

故填sitting。【19題詳解】考查時態。句意：我知道這可能是他一天中唯一一頓熱乎乎的飯，于是我把漢堡給了他。空處為句子謂語動詞，根據文章可知，陳述過去事情，用一般過去時。故填gave。【20題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我非常高興，因為我意識到，無論如何，我們都被照顧著。inonewayoranother”是固定短語，意為“以某種方式；不管怎樣”。故填in。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）【答案】21.A22.B23.C【導語】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了英國國民托管組織（NationalTrust）推出的免費家庭日通行證活動。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Whetheryo