PAGEPAGE10第14練閱讀理解完型填空語法填空短文改錯Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·山西三區八校二模)Ithasbecomeacertainbeliefamongthepublic—drinkatleasteightglassesofwateradaytoimprovehealthandwell-being.Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.Themisunderstandingiscausedfromthesuggestionthatadultsshoulddrink2.5litersofwaterdaily，whichwasstressedbytheBritishMedicalJournalinDecember.Theimportantpartofthesuggestionisthatmostofthisquantityofwateriscontainedinpreparedfoods，which，however，isusuallyignored.USresearcherswhoreviewedtheevidenceconcludedthatmostpeopledonotneedtoworryabouttheamountofwatertheydrinkeveryday.Besidesdrinkingwater，theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea，coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotaliftheydon’tdrinktoomuch，thoughthesedrinkshelptheproductionofurine(尿)．Lesswellknownarethedangersofdrinkingtoomuchwater，causingwaterpoisoning，lowsaltlevelsandevendeath.ThereviewofresearchbyDanNegoianu，fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania，foundthatnotasinglestudyincludedthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.Althoughonesmallstudysuggestedthatdrinkingwatercouldresultinfewerheadaches，theresultswerenotveryimportant.However，thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare，separately，provedtobetrue.Nostudiesshowedanyadvantagestothecoloroftheskinbecauseoftheincreasedwatertakenintobodies.Dehydration(脫水)canmakeskinlesspleasant，buttherewasnoclearevidencetosupporttheideathatwaterhelpspeoplekeepayouthfulappearance.Theresearchersalsofoundnoevidencethatdrinkinglotsofwaterdoessomegoodtothebody’sorgans.1．Fromthepassage，weknowthatthesuggestionaboutdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.A．causessomeseriousdiseasesB．hasenoughscientificevidencetosupportitC．ismisunderstoodbypeopleinfactD．waspublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal2．Fromthepassagewelearnthatmanypeopledon’tknowthat.A．theproductionofurinecancausewatertoloseB．healthcanbeimprovedbydrinkingplentyofwaterC．betterskincanresultfromtheintakeofmuchwaterD．caffeinateddrinkscanprovidethewaterpeopleneed3．Whatcanbeprovedaboutdrinkingalotofwateraccordingtothepassage?A．Reducingthebadinfluenceofdrinkingalcohol.B．Helpingtokeepyouthfullooks.C．Makingthebody’sorgansstronger.D．Causingbadheadaches.4．Thewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageisto.A．persuadepeopletodrinkdifferentkindsofwaterB．tellpeopledrinkingmuchwaterisnotashealthyasisconsideredC．warnpeopleofthedangerofdrinkingmuchwaterD．helppeoplerealizetheimportanceofdrinkingenoughwatereverydayⅡ.完形填空(2024·江西新余二模)Overtheyears，thankstomylife’sobstacles，Iunderstoodthemeaningoffaithandthestrongwilltosurvive.ItwasHurricaneIkethatmademefully5thebeautyofourstrengthandahuman’smotivationto6.Momhadatwo-week7insummer.WhileweenjoyedourholidayinSoutheastTexas，wedidn’trealizethefactthatIke8causemonthsandlikelyyearsof“labor”．BySeptember7th，the“eyesofTexas”werewatchingHurricaneIkemore9，makingthetypicalmadrushforlast-minutehurricane10.Twodayslater，bothoilandicewerein11demand.IntheearlyhoursofSeptember11th，someneighborswereplanningto12thestormintheirhomes，13othersweremakingfinalpreparationstogetaway.Atfirst，wedecidedtostay.Butthatafternoon，theHouston-Galvestonareawouldbeonthemore14sideofthestorm.MomandIpackedsomeofourmost15belongingsinthecarand16theEastTexastownofLufkin.AsIkepushedfartherinland，we17powerinLufkin.OnSunday，ournext-doorneighbortoldusviacellphonethatour18hadremainedwell.Ourhopescouldnothavebeen19.Butafewhourslater，theneighborsreportedthatourbrickchimneyhad20，anditwassittingonourlivingroom，21aholeintheroofbetweentwoskylights(天窗)．Wewouldn’tbeallowedtoreturnhome22September17th.Iclimbedupstairs，andlookedtowardtheholeintheroofwhichshowedabeautifulbluesky.Withouthesitation，Ishouted，“Wow!Athirdskylight！”MyneighborscouldnotbelieveIwasmakingjokes23crying，but24isalwaysgoodmedicine.ItwaswiththatjokethatIknew，giventime，everythingwouldbeokay.5．A.observe B．exploreC．appreciate D．improve6．A.recoverB．apologizeC．workD．change7．A.meeting B．journeyC．schedule D．vacation8．A.mustB．mightC．wouldD．should9．A.closely B．constantlyC．warningly D．differently10．A.adventure B．suppliesC．equipment D．reports11．A.basicB．pureC．neatD．high12．A.putaway B．getthroughC．testout D．sufferfrom13．A.sinceB．whenC．whileD．until14．A.awesome B．abundantC．peaceful D．dangerous15．A.precious B．concreteC．available D．potential16．A.setout B．headedforC．settleddown D．watchedout17．A.lostB．reducedC．producedD．provided18．A.gardenB．poolC．houseD．yard19．A.clearerB．higherC．lowerD．wilder20．A.passedB．stoodC．followedD．gone21．A.digging B．fillingC．leaving D．kicking22．A.byB．beforeC．afterD．until23．A.inspiteof B．insteadofC．apartfrom D．intermsof24．A.laughter B．willC．strength D．faithⅢ.語法填空Doyouknow25.astorygetsintothenewspaper？Hereisanexample.Imaginethatacitybushasturnedoverinaditch，injuringsomeofthepassengers.Aneyewitnesscallsthenewspaper.Thenareporterissenttothescene，at26.hetalkstopassengers，driverandwitnesses.Hefindsoutwhattheysaw,27.(set)downtheiranswersorcomments.Meanwhile，a28.(profession)photographerisbusytakingpictures.Manyreportersuseportablecomputerswhichallowthem29.(write)thestoryonthespotandthensenditbacktotheoffice.Next，aneditorconcentrates30.thestory，checkingfacts，grammarandspelling.Atthesametime，apictureischosen.Thestoryissetinprint.Onmostnewspaperstoday，this31.(do)withacomputer.Thecomputermakessetsofcolumnsoftype，whicharepassedontoasheetofpaper32.(exact)thesamesizeasanewspaperpage.Onlyafteraproofreaderchecksthestoryformistakes33.(be)thenewspaperreadyforprinting.Thenthepresses(印刷機)begintorun.Milesofpaperareturnedintothousandsof34.(print)newspapers.Theyarecountedandplacedinwaitingtrucks.Withinafewhours，peoplecanreadaboutthebusaccidentintheirdailynewspaper.Ⅳ.短文改錯(2024·四川南充一診)Theenvironmentpollutionwasmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.People’shealthhasbeengreataffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasescausingbypollution.Inordertolivethebetterlife，it’stimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，whatsavesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingssolongaspossible.Don’tuseplasticbag.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingitdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.答案解析Ⅰ.語篇解讀本文介紹了一項新的探討結果：人們“每天喝八杯水來保持健康”是一種誤導性的相識，沒有證據表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好處，相反飲水過多會導致水中毒、低鹽甚至死亡。1．C[細微環節理解題。依據第一段最終一句“Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.”科學家說沒有證據來證明“每天喝八杯水”的好處，可知選C。]2．D[細微環節理解題。依據第三段中的“Besidesdrinkingwater，theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea，coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotal...”除了喝水，他們還能用許多其他方式得到大量的液體，諸如茶、咖啡、可樂及酒等含咖啡因的飲料能幫助人們達到日常所需的總量……可知選D。]3．A[細微環節理解題。依據倒數其次段最終一句“However，thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare，separately，provedtobetrue.”可知，飲酒過多之后喝一些水可以防止頭疼卻被證明是真的。故答案為A。]4．B[主旨大意題。本文在第一段點出主題：“Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.”，下文進行了詳細的介紹。故選B。]Ⅱ.語篇解讀作者通過講解并描述颶風Ike來臨前人們的打算和颶風走后的狀況，告知讀者笑是一劑良藥。給點兒時間，一切都會變好的。5．C[從上文的“Overtheyears，thankstomylife’sobstacles(障礙)”，可知，是颶風Ike讓我充分領會了我們的力氣之美和人類復原的動力。observe視察；explore探究；appreciate觀賞，感謝；improve提高。故選C。]6．A[颶風之后，人們會盡量復原。recover復原；apologize致歉；work工作；change變更。故選A。]7．D[依據下句“Whileweenjoyedourholiday”可知，夏天媽媽有兩個星期的假期。meeting會議；journey旅行；schedule時刻表；vacation假期。故選D。]8．C[我們在德克薩斯東南部度假的時候，我們沒有意識到Ike將會導致幾個月可能幾年的勞動。must必需；might可能；would將會；should應當。故選C。]9．A[“eyesofTexas”更親密地視察颶風Ike。closely親密地；constantly連續地；warningly警告地；differently不同地。故選A。]10．B[從下一句中的“Twodayslater，bothoilandicewereindemand.”可知，人們為抵擋颶風在做典型的最終一分鐘瘋狂購買供應品。adventure冒險；supply供應；equipment設備；report報告。故選B。]11．D[依據上一句中的關鍵詞madrushfor可知人們的購買程度。所以兩天后，油和冰都需求量很高。basic基本的；pure純的；neat整齊的；high高的。故選D。]12．B[依據題后的“thestormintheirhomes”可知，一些鄰居安排在家里度過風暴。putaway收好，儲存；getthrough接通，度過；testout檢驗；sufferfrom遭遇。故選B。]13．C[依據上文中的someneighbors和該空后的others可知，此處是兩種人的不同做法。since自從；when當……時候；while然而；until直到。然而，其他的人在做最終的打算離開，這里表示對比，故選C。]14．D[依據上文的“Atfirst，wedecidedtostay.”以及表示轉折意義的but可知Houston-Galveston地區將處于風暴的更危急的地帶。awesome可怕的；abundant大量的；peaceful安靜的；dangerous危急的。故選D。]15．A[依據常識可知：危難關頭確定只帶珍貴物品，所以，媽媽和我整理了一些最重要的物品。precious寶貴的；concrete詳細的；available可獲得的；potential有潛力的。故選A。]16．B[句意為：前往德克薩斯州東邊的Lufkin小鎮。setout動身；headfor前往；settledown定居下來；watchout當心。故選B。]17．A[lose失去；reduce削減；produce制作；provide供應。隨著Ike深化內陸，我們在Lufkin時停電了，故選A。]18．C[garden花園；pool水池；house房子；yard院子。星期天，我們的隔壁鄰居通過電話告知我們，我們的房子還在。故選C。]19．B[clearer更清晰；higher更高的；lower更低的；wilder更野蠻的。我們不會期望更高了，故選B。]20．D[pass通過；stand站；follow跟隨；go消逝。幾小時后，鄰居通知我們的煙囪沒有了，故選D。]21．C[dig挖；fill填滿；leave離開，遺留；kick踢。在兩個天窗之間留了一個洞，故選C。]22．D[by通過；before在……前面；after在……后面；until直到。我們到9月17號才被允許回家。故選D。]23．B[inspiteof雖然；insteadof代替，而不是；apartfrom除了；intermsof依據，就……而言。我的鄰居簡潔不敢信任我是在開玩笑而不是在哭。故選B。]24．A[laughter笑聲；will意志；strength力氣；faith信念。從上文作者的玩笑可知，面對災難作者沒有哭泣而是笑對人生。故選A。]Ⅲ.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了發生在現實生活中的事情是怎樣經過一步步的程序，最終刊登在報紙上的。25．how[考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：你知道新聞是怎樣刊登在報紙上的嗎？分析句子結構可知，動詞know后面的從句是賓語從句；從句中主謂賓俱全，但是依據句意和下文故事見報的過程可知，該句缺少方式狀語，表示“怎樣”應用how。故填how。]26．which[考查定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構可知，此處是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞thescene。關系代詞在從句中作賓語。故填which。]27．setting[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，句中已有謂語動詞findsout，因此此處為非謂語動詞；又因動詞短語setdown與其邏輯主語he之間是主謂關系，且其動作發生的時間與句子謂語findsout發生的時間幾乎同時，因此用現在分詞的一般式作狀語。故填setting。]28．professional[考查詞性轉換。此處修飾名詞photographer，需用形容詞。故填professional。]29．towrite[考查非謂語動詞。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事，是固定用法。故填towrite。]30．on[考查介詞。concentrateon用心于，集中精力在，是固定搭配