Plate-and-FrameHeatExchangers

APISTANDARD667(FORMERLYAPISTANDARD662-1)FIRSTEDITION,MARCH2022

AP

AmarieanPetroleumlnstitute

CopynghtAmenicanPetroleumIrattute

CopynghtAmenicanPetroleumIrattute

SpecialNotes

APlpublicationsnecessarilyaddressproblemsofageneralnature.Withrespecttoparticularcircumstances,local,state,andfederallawsandregulationsshouldbereviewed.TheuseofAPlpublicationsisvoluntary.Insomecases,thirdpartiesorauthoritieshavingjurisdictionmaychoosetoincorporateAPlstandardsbyreferenceandmaymandatecompliance.

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Classifiedareasmayvarydependingonthelocation,conditions,equipment,andsubstancesinvolvedinanygivensituation.Usersofthisstandardshouldconsultwiththeappropriateauthoritieshavingjurisdiction.

Usersofthisstandardshouldnotrelyexclusivelyontheinformationcontainedinthisdocument.Soundbusiness,scientific,engineering,andsafetyjudgmentshouldbeusedinemployingtheinformationcontainedherein.

Whereapplicable,authoritieshavingjurisdictionshouldbeconsulted.

APIisnotundertakingtomeetthedutiesofemployers,manufacturers,orsupplierstowarnandproperlytrainandequiptheiremployees,andothersexposed,concerninghealthandsafetyrisksandprecautions,norundertakingtheirobligationstocomplywithauthoritieshavingjurisdiction.

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Copyright◎2022AmericanPetroleumInstitute

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CapynghtAmenicanPetroleumIrathute

Foreword

NothingcontainedinanyAPlpublicationistobeconstruedasgrantinganyright,byimplicationorotherwise,forthemanufacture,sale,oruseofanymethod,apparatus,orproductcoveredbyletterspatent.Neithershouldanythingcontainedinthepublicationbeconstruedasinsuringanyoneagainstliabilityforinfringementofletterspatent.

Theverbalformsusedtoexpresstheprovisionsinthisdocumentareasfollows.

Shall:Asusedinastandard,"shall"denotesaminimumrequirementtoconformtothestandard.

Should:Asusedinastandard,"should"denotesarecommendationorthatwhichisadvisedbutnotrequiredtoconformtothestandard.

May:Asusedinastandard,"may"denotesacourseofactionpermissiblewithinthelimitsofastandard.

Can:Asusedinastandard,"can"denotesastatementofpossibilityorcapability.

ThisdocumentwasproducedunderAPlstandardizationproceduresthatensureappropriatenotificationandparticipationinthedevelopmentalprocessandisdesignatedasanAPIstandard.QuestionsconcerningtheinterpretationofthecontentofthispublicationorcommentsandquestionsconcerningtheproceduresunderwhichthispublicationwasdevelopedshouldbedirectedinwritingtotheDirectorofStandards,AmericanPetroleumInstitute,200MassachusettsAvenue,NW,Suite1100,Washington,DC20001.Requestsforpermissiontoreproduceortranslatealloranypartofthematerialpublishedhereinshouldalsobeaddressedtothedirector.

Generally,APIstandardsarereviewedandrevised,reaffirmed,orwithdrawnatleasteveryfiveyears.Aone-timeextensionofuptotwoyearsmaybeaddedtothisreviewcycle.StatusofthepublicationcanbeascertainedfromtheAPIStandardsDepartment,telephone(202)682-8000.AcatalogofAPlpublicationsandmaterialsispublishedannuallybyAPI,200MassachusettsAvenue,NW,Suite1100,Washington,DC20001.

SuggestedrevisionsareinvitedandshouldbesubmitedtotheStandardsDepartment,API,200MassachusettsAvenue,NW,Suite1100,Washington,DC20001,standards@.

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Contents

Page

1Scope 1

2NormativeReferences 1

3TermsandDefinitions 1

4General 6

5ProposalInformationRequired 6

6DrawingsandOtherDataRequirements 8

6.1OutlineDrawingsandOtherSupportingData 8

6.2nformationRequiredAfterOutlineDrawingsAreReviewed 9

6.3ReportsandRecords 10

7Design 11

7.1Genera 11

7.2DesignTemperature 11

7.3DesignPressure 11

7.4FoulingMargin 11

7.5CorrosionAllowance 11

7.6Components 12

7.7Connections 13

7.8PlateGaskets 17

8Materials 18

8.1Genera 18

8.2RequirementsforCarbonSteelinSourorWetHydrogenSulfideService 19

9.1Welding 19

9.2PlateGasketInstallation 19

9Fabrication 19

9.3Assembly 20

10InspectionandTesting 20

10.1QualityContro 20

10.2HydrostaticTesting 21

10.3Nameplates 21

11PreparationforShipment 2

AnnexA(informative)RecommendedPractice 23

AnnexB(informative)Plate-and-FrameHeatExchangerChecklist 34

AnnexC(informative)Plate-and-FrameHeatExchangerDatasheets 36

Bibliography 45

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Contents

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Page

Figures

1HeatTransferPlateDimensions,GeometryandDiagrammaticViewofTermsUsed 3

2HeatTransferPlateGap 4

3TypicalSingle-passPlate-and-FrameHeatExchanger 5

4TypicalConnectionGeometries 14

5DirectionsofForcesandMomentsonConnections 16

6TypicalHeatTransferPlateGaske 18

A.1TypicalConfigurationwithSeparatePortGasketMaterial 31

Tables

1AllowableForcesandMomentsonConnectionsattheFixedCover 16

A.1RecommendedTargetsforFoulingMarginsandWallShearStress 26

A.2WallShearStressTwoWorkedExamples 28

B.1Checklist 34

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Introduction

Itisnecessarythatusersofthisstandardbeawarethatfurtherordifferingrequirementscanbeneededforindividualapplications.Thisstandardisnotintendedtoinhibitavendorfromoffering,orthepurchaserfromaccepting,alternativeequipmentorengineeringsolutionsfortheindividualapplication.Thiscanbeparticularlyapplicablewherethereisaninnovativeordevelopingtechnology.Whereanalternativeisoffered,itistheresponsibilityofthevendortoidentifyanyvariationsfromthisstandardandprovidedetails.

Thisstandardhasbeenre-numbered;itwaspreviouslypublishedasAPIstandard662,Part1.

Arecommendedpracticeisincludedwithinthisstandard(seeAnnexA).

Thisstandardrequiresthepurchasertospecifycertaindetailsandfeatures.

Abullet[·]inthemarginindicatesarequirementforthepurchasertomakeadecisionorprovideinformation(forinformation,achecklistisprovidedinAnnexB).

Inthisstandard,wherepractical,U.S.customaryunitsareincludedinparenthesesforinformation.

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Plate-and-FrameHeatExchangers

1Scope

Thisstandardgivesrequirementsandrecommendationsforthemechanicaldesign,materialsselectionfabrication,inspection,testing,andpreparationforshipmentofplate-and-frameheatexchangersforuseinpetroleum,petrochemical,andnaturalgasindustries.

Itisapplicabletogasketedandsemi-weldedplate-and-frameheatexchangers.

Thisdocumentdoesnotcovertherequirementsforfullyweldedplate-and-frame,fullyweldedplate-block,brazedplate,orplate-in-shellheatexchangers.

2NormativeReferences

Thefollowingreferenceddocumentsareindispensablefortheapplicationofthisdocument.Fordatedreferencesonlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.

NACEMR0103,'MaterialsResistanttoSulfideStressCrackinginCorrosivePetroleumRefiningEnvironments

NACEMR0175,Petroleumandnaturalgasindustries—MaterialsforuseinH?Scontainingenvironmentsinoilandgasproduction—Parts1,2and3

NACESP0472,MethodsandControlstoPreventIn-ServiceEnvironmentalCrackingofCarbonSteelWeldmentsinCorrosivePetroleumRefiningEnvironments

3TermsandDefinitions

Forthepurposesofthisdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply

3.1

channel

Fluidflowpassagecreatedbytwoadjacentplates.

3.2

cyclicservice

Processoperationwithperiodicvariationintemperature,pressure,and/orflowrate.

3.3

driptray

Traythatisabletocollectdropletsfromanentireheatexchangerplatepack.

3.4

endplate

coverplate

Platewhichpreventthefluidsinaplate-and-frameheatexchangerfromcontactingthefixedandmovablecoversNOTETherearetwoendplates,oneateachendoftheplate-and-frameheatexchanger.

NACEInternational(formerlytheNationalAssociationofCorrosionEngineers),15835ParkTenPlace,HoustonTexas77084,

.

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3.5

frame

Assemblythatprovidesthestructuralsupportandpressurecontainment.

NOTETheframemayconsistofupperandlowercarryingbars,mountingfeet,tiebolts,fixedandmovablecovers,andasupportcolumn.

3.6

heattransferarea

Sumofthesurfaceareasofonesideofallplatesincontactwithbothheat-transferfluids.

NOTE1Theheattransfersurfaceareaisonesideoftheplate.

NOTE2Areasofendplatesarenotincluded.

3.7

heattransferplate

Sheetofmetalprecision-pressedor-formedintoacorrugatedpattern.

NOTESeeFigure1forplatedimensions,geometryanddiagrammaticviewoftermsused.

3.8

itemnumber

Purchaser'sidentificationnumberforaheatexchanger.

3.9

liner

Athinalloysleeveusedonportornozzlecomponents,toisolatetheprocessfluidfromthepressureboundarybackingmaterial.

3.10

minimumdesignmetaltemperature

MDMT

Lowestmetaltemperatureatwhichpressure-containingcomponentscanbesubjectedtodesignpressure.EXAMPLEAmbienttemperatureorminimumprocessfluidtemperature.

3.11

passplate

Plateusedtochangethedirectionofflowofastreaminaplate-and-frameheatexchangerwithtwoormorepasses.

3.12

platechevronangle

Theangleformedbetweentheplatepattemandthelineperpendiculartotheflowdirection.

NOTE1Forthepurposesofthisstandardtheplatechevronangleisasdefinedabove.Theuseriscautionedhoweverthatsomevendorsandsoftwarepackagesuppliersmayuseadifferentdefinition.

NOTE2Figure1showsatypicalheattransferplate.

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Key

1Chevronangle,perpendiculartoflowdirection

2Channelflowwidth,measuredtotheinsidegasketedge

3Portcenter-to-centerdistance,vertical

4Portcenter-to-denterdistance,horizontal

5Portdiameter

6Singleplateheattranserarea,dottedregion

Figure1-HeatTransferPlateDimensions,GeometryandDiagrammaticViewofTermsUsed

3.13

plategap

channelspacing

Maximumdistancebetweenadjacentheattransferplates.

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NOTEFigure2showsatypicalplategap.

whereb=p-t

Key

2×bplategap

bformingorpressingdepth

1platethickness

Ppitchperplate

Figure2-HeatTransferPlateGap

3.14

platepack

Assemblyofallheattransferplatesintheheatexchanger.

3.15

plate-and-frameheatexchanger

Assemblyofagasketedorsemi-weldedplatepackanditssupportingframe.NOTEFigure3showstypicalcomponentsofaplate-and-frameheatexchanger.

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Key

1mountingfeet2platepack

3fixedcover

4movablecover

5supportcolumn

6tiebolts

7guidebar(bottom)

8carryingbar(top)

9connections,studdedorflanged10tienuts

Figure3-TypicalSingle-passPlate-and-FrameHeatExchanger

3.16

port

Inletoroutletopeningintheheattransferandendplates

3.17

pressuredesigncode

Therecognizedpressurevesseldesigncodeorstandardasspecifiedoragreedbythepurchaser.

EXAMPLEASMEBPVCSectionVII,EN13445(allparts).

3.18

semi-weldedplatepair

Twoadjacentplatesweldedtogetherwheretheweldreplacesthefunctionofagasket.

NOTEGasketsareusedtosealadjacentsemi-weldedplatepairs.

3.19

shroud

Removablecoveringforthetopandsidesoftheplatepackoftheplate-and-frameheatexchanger,whichprovidesprotectionintheeventofasprayleakorfire.

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3.20

structuralweldingcode

Therecognizedstructuralweldingcodeasspecifiedoragreedbythepurchaser.

3.21

tiebolt

Boltsusedtocompressplatepack,movableandfixedcoverstocontainpressure.

4General

[⊙]4.1Thepressuredesigncodeshallbespecifiedoragreedbythepurchaser.Pressurecomponents(i.e.

covers,tiebolts,tienutsandconnections)shallcomplywiththepressuredesigncodeandthesupplementalrequirementsinthisstandard.

[⊙]4.2Thestructuralweldingcodeshallbespecifiedoragreedbythepurchaser

4.3AnnexAincludessomerecommendedmechanicalanddesigndetailsforinformation.

4.4AnnexBprovidesachecklistthatcanbeusedbythepurchasertoensurethatbulleteditemsinthisstandardareaddressed.

4.5AnnexCprovidesexamplesofdatasheets.

[⊙]4.6Thevendorshallcomplywiththeapplicablelocalregulationsspecifiedbythepurchaser.

[0]4.7ThepurchasershallspecifyiftheserviceisdesignatedassourinaccordancewithNACEMR0175(allparts)foroilandgasproductionfaciitiesandnaturalgasprocessingplantsorisdesignatedaswethydrogensulfideserviceinaccordancewithNACEMR0103forotherapplications(e.g.petroleumrefineries,LNGplants,andchemicalplants),inwhichcaseallcarbonsteelmaterialsandweldsincontactwiththeprocessfluidshallmeettherequirementsoftheapplicablestandardtomitigatepotentialforsulfidestresscracking(SSC).ldentificationofthecompletesetofmaterials,qualification,fabrication,andtestingspecificationstopreventin-serviceenvironmentalcrackingistheresponsibilityoftheuser(purchaser).SeeA.1.1forguidanceonsourorwethydrogensulfideservice.

[⊙]4.8Thepurchasershallspecifyiftherequirementsof4.7,8.2,andtherelatedclausesforsourorwethydrogensulfideservice,shallbeappliedwherecarbonsteelisisolatedfromprocessfluidcontactbytheuseofliners.SeeA.1.1foradditionalguidanceontheuseoflooseliners.

[⊙]4.9Thepurchasershallspecifyifcyclicservicedesignisrequired.SeeA.1.2foradditionalguidanceoncyclic

service.

4.10Ifcyclicserviceisspecified,thepurchasershallspecifythetypeandmagnitudeofvariationinpressure,temperature,compositionandflowrate,thetimeforthevariation(hours,weeks,months,etc.)andthenumberofcyclesorfrequencyforthisvariationexpectedduringthelifeoftheequipment.Theextentandacceptancecriteriaofanyrequiredanalysisshallbesubjecttotheagreementofthepurchaser.SeeA.1.2forguidanceoncyclicservice.

5ProposalInformationRequired

5.1Thevendor'sproposalshallinclude,asaminimum,thefollowinginformation:

a)datasheets;

b)preliminarygeneralarrangementdrawingincludingoveralldimensionalinformationandmass;

c)nozzlesizesandlocations;

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d)gasketmaterialandattachmentmethod;

e)heattransferplatematerial,thickness,anddimensions;

f)numberofheattransferplates;

g)maximumparticlesizethatcanpassthroughheattransferplategap;

h)foulingmargin.

5.2ForcomponentsthatarenotfullyidentifiedbySection3,thevendorshalldescribethedetailsofconstructionandassembly.

5.3Thevendorshallincludeadetaileddescriptionofanyexceptiontotherequirementsofthepurchaser'senquiry.

5.4Thefirst-timeuseofaplate-and-frameheatexchangerdesign,component,ormaterialbythevendorforthepurchaser'sintendedserviceshallbeclearlyindicatedbythevendor.

5.5Thevendorshallstatetheanticipatedlifeoftheproposedgasketsinthespecifiedserviceconsideringtheoperatingpressuresandtemperatures.Thevendorshallalsostatetheanticipatedlifeinstorageandanyspecialrequirementsforgasketstoragerequiredtomaintaingasketshelf-life.

5.6Thevendorshallstatethemethodofsupportusedforthemovablecover(i.e.rollerorslide).

5.7Thevendorshallsupplyarecommendedsparepartslistforeachplate-and-frameheatexchanger.

5.8Thevendorshallguaranteethethermalandhydraulicperformanceoftheexchangersoffered.

[⊙]5.9Whenspecifiedbythepurchaser,thevendorshallprovidethefollowingdatathatwillallowthepurchasertoperformathermalverification(SeeA.2.1foradditionalguidanceonthermalandhydraulicdesign.SeeFigure1fordiagrammaticviewoftermsused.):

a)HeatTransferPlate(s)information:

1)chevronangle(s)usedinthedesign;

2)platethickness;

3)heattransfersurfaceareaperplate;

4)numberofeffectiveplates;

5)platematerial.

b)Portinformation:

1)portdiameters;

2)portcenter-to-centerdistance,horizontal;

3)portcenter-to-centerdistance,vertical;

4)portarrangement,locationsofinletsandoutletsforhotandcoldstreams.

c)Platepackinformation:

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1)plategapforeachstream;

2)channelwidth;

3)numberofpacksinseries;

4)numberofpacksinparallel;

5)numberofhotfluidpassesperpack;

6)numberofcoldfluidpassesperpack;

7)numberofchannelsineachhotfluidpass(canbedifferentforeachpass);

8)numberofchannelsineachcoldfluidpass(canbedifferentforeachpass);

9)flowconfiguration:

i.)flowineachpass(countercurrent/cocurrent);

ii.)inletportlocations(sameend/oppositeend);

i.)diagonalorparallelflowoneachplate;

iv.)platetype(s)forthechannelconfigurationineachpack.

5.10Thevendorshallsupplythecalculatedpressuredropfortheports(combinedinletandoutlet)aswellastheoverallpressuredropfromnozzle-to-nozzleforeachstream.SeeA.2.2.1foradditionalguidanceonportpressuredrop.

5.11Thevendorshallprovideportinletandoutletflowvelocities.SeeA.2.2.2foradditionalguidanceontheflowwithinports.

5.12Thevendorshallprovidedetailsofconnectionsincludinganylining,claddingandmethodofattachmentto

covers.

6DrawingsandOtherDataRequirements

6.1OutlineDrawingsandOtherSupportingData

6.1.1Thevendorshallsubmit,forreviewbythepurchaser,outlinedrawingsforeachplate-and-frameheatexchangerunit.Thedrawingsshallincludethefollowinginformation:

a)service,itemnumber,projectnameandlocation,purchaser'sordernumber,vendor'sshopordernumberandotherspecialidentificationnumbers;

b)designpressure,testpressure,maximumdesigntemperature,minimumdesignmetaltemperatureandanyrestrictionontestingoroperationoftheheatexchanger;

c)connectionsizes,location,orientation,projection,directionofflowand,ifflanged,theratingandfacingincludinganylining,claddingandmethodofattachmenttothecovers;

d)dimensionsandlocationofsupports,includingboltholesandslots;

e)overalldimensionsoftheheatexchanger;

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f)maximumandminimumcompressedplatepacklength(toensuremetal-to-metalplatecontact);

g)sideclearancerequiredforheattransferplateremoval;

h)massoftheheatexchanger,emptyandfullofwater;

i)massoftheheatexchangeratmaximumheattransferplatecapacityemptyandfullofwater;

j)specifiedcorrosionallowance,notincludingheattransferplates,foreachsideoftheheatexchanger;

k)applicablecode(s);

l)listof,orreferenceto,purchaser'sspecification(s);

m)requirementsfor,orreferenceto,NDEexamination;

n)requirementsfor,orreferenceto,surfacepreparationandpainting;

o)gasketmaterials,attachmentmethod(e.g.glued,clip-on,etc.),andgluetypeifany;

p)locationofnameplates,liftinglugs,groundinglugsorotherattachments;

q)locationofcenterofgravityoftheexchangerforemptyandoperatingconditions;

r)materialspecificationsandgradesforallcomponents;

s)forcesandmomentsonconnections;

t)numberofheattransferplatesinstalledandmaximumnumberofheattransferplatesforspecifiedframe.

6.1.2Thevendorshallprovidetiebolttighteningproceduresforreview.

6.1.3Thevendorshallrecommendthetoolsneededfortheassemblyandmaintenanceoftheplate-and-frameheatexchanger.

6.1.4Thereviewofengineeringdocumentsbythepurchasershallnotrelievethevendoroftheresponsibilityofmeetingtherequirementsofthepurchaseorder.

6.1.5Ifafireproofshroudisspecified,thevendorshallsubmitproofthattheproposeddesignhaspassedsuitabletypetesting.

6.2InformationRequiredAfterOutlineDrawingsAreReviewed

6.2.1Uponreceiptofthepurchaser'sreviewcommentsontheoutlinedrawings,thevendorshallsubmitcopiesofalldetailed(nonproprietary)drawings.Theseshallfullydescribetheplate-and-frameheatexchangerandshallincludeatleastthefollowinginformation:

a)fullviewswithdimensionsandmaterials;

b)heattransferplatedetails,asspecifiedin5.9;

c)detailsofeachpressure-retainingweld,includingweldmaterial,weldnominalthickness,weldlocationandapplicablenondestructiveexaminationmethod;

d)detailsoftheweldjoiningsemi-weldedheattransferplatepairs,includingweldlocationandapplicablenon-destructiveexamination;

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e)detailsofeachweldandweldnominalthicknessfornon-pressureattachmentsweldedtopressurepartsandforallloadbearingattachments;

f)completebillsofmaterials,includingthematerialspecificationsandpartn