2004年6月四級試題

PassageTwo

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AssoonasitwasrevealedthatareporterforProgressivemagazinehaddiscoveredhowto

makeahydrogenbomb,agroupoffirearm(火器)fansformedtheNationalHydrogenBomb

Association,andtheyarenowlobbyingagainstanylegislationtostopAmericansfromowning

one.批注［hl］:長難句

TheConstitution,saidtheassociation'sspokesman,giveseveryonetherighttoownarms.

Itdoesn'tspelloutwhatkindofarms.Butsinceanyonecannowmakeahydrogenbomb,the

publicshouldbeabletobuyittoprotectthemselves.

Don'tyouthinkit'sdangeroustohaveoneinthehouse,particularlywherethereare

childrenaround?

TheNationalHydrogenBombAssociationhopestoeducatepeopleinthesafehandlingof

thistypeofweapon.Weareinstructingownerstokeepthebombinalockedcabinetandthe

fuse(導火索)separatelyinadrawer.

Somepeopleconsiderthehydrogenbombaveryfatalweaponwhichcouldkillsomebcxiy.

Thespokesmansaid,Hydrogenbombsdon'tkillpeople—peoplekillpeople.Thebombisfor

self-protectionanditalsohasadeterrenteffect.Ifsomebodyknowsyouhaveanuclearweapon

inyourhouse,they*regoingtothinktwiceaboutbreakingin.

ButthosewhowanttobanthebombforAmericancitizensclaimthatifyouhaveone

lockedinthecabinet,withthefuseinadrawer,youwouldneverbeabletoassembleitintime

tostopanintruder(侵入者).

Anotherargumentagainstallowingpeopletoownabombisthatatthemomentitisvery

expensivetobuildone.Sowhatyourassociationisbackingisaprogramwhichwouldallow

themiddleandupperclassestoacquireabombwhilepoorpeoplewillbeleftdefenselesswith

justhandguns.批注［h2J:復合從￡

16.Accordingtothepassage,somepeoplestartedanationalassociationsoasto.

A)blockanylegislationtobantheprivatepossessionofthebomb

B)coordinatethemassproductionofthedestructiveweapon

C)instructpeoplehowtokeepthebombsafeathome

D)promotethelarge-scalesaleofthisnewlyinventedweapon

17.SomepeopleopposetheownershipofH-bombsbyindividualsonthegroundsthat.

A)thesizeofthebombmakesitdifficulttokeepinadrawer

B)mostpeopledon'tknowhowtohandletheweapon

C)people'sliveswillbethreatenedbytheweapon

D)theymayfallintothehandsofcriminals

18.Bysayingthatthebombalsohasadeterrenteffectthespokesmanmeansthatit.

A)willfrightenawayanypossibleintruders

B)canshowthespecialstatusofitsowners

C)willthreatenthesafetyoftheownersaswell

D)cankillthoseenteringothers,housesbyforce

19.Accordingtothepassage,opponentsoftheprivateownershipofH-bombsareverymuch

worriedthat.

A)theinfluenceoftheassociationistoopowerfulforthelessprivilegedtoovercome

B)poorly-educatedAmericanswillfinditdifficulttomakeuseoftheweapon

C)thewideuseoftheweaponwillpushuplivingexpensestremendously

D)thecostoftheweaponwillputcitizensonanunequalbasis

20.Fromthetoneofthepassageweknowthattheauthoris.

A)doubtfulaboutthenecessityofkeepingH-bombsathomeforsafety

B)unhappywiththosewhovote;againsttheownershipofH-bombs

C)notseriousabouttheprivateownershipofH-bombs

D)concernedaboutthespreadofnuclearweapons

PassageThree

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Signhasbecomeascientifichotbutton.Onlyinthepast20yearshavespecialistsin

languagestudyrealizedthatsignedlanguagesareunique—aspeechofthehand.Theyoffera

newwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesandunderstandslanguage,andthrownewlighton

anoldscientificcontroversywhetherlanguage,completewithgrammar,issomethingthatwe

arebomwith,orwhetheritisalearnedbehavior.Thecurrentinterestinsignlanguagehas

rootsinthepioneeringworkofonerebelteacheratGallaudetUniversityinWashington,D.C.,

theworld'sonlyliberalartsuniversityfordeafpeople.

WhenBillSlokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish,theschoolenrolledhiminacourse

insigning.ButStokoenoticedsomethingoddamongthemselves,studentssigneddifferently

fromhisclassroomteacher.

Stokoehadbeentaughtasortofgesturalcode,eachmovementofthehandsrepresentinga

wordinEnglish.Atthetime,AmericanSignLanguage(ASL)wasthoughttobenomorethan

aformofpidginEnglish(混雜英語).ButStokoebelievedthehandtalkhisstudentsused

lookedricher.Hewonderedmightdeafpeopleactuallyhaveagenuinelanguageandcouldthat

languagebeunlikeanyotheronEarthItwas1955,whenevendeafpeopledismissedtheir

signingassubstandard.Stokoe'sideawasacademicheresy(異端牙B說).

Itis37yearslater.Stokoe—nowdevotinghistimetowritingandeditingbooksand

journalsandtoproducingvideomaterialsonASLandthedeafculture—ishavinglunchata

cafeneartheGallaudetcampusandexplaininghowhestartedarevolution.Fordecades

educatorsfoughthisideathatsignedlanguagesarenaturallanguageslikeEnglish,Frenchand

Japanese.Theyassumedlanguagemustbebasedonspeech,themodulation(調節)ofsound.

Butsignlanguageisbasedonthemovementofhands,themodulationofspace.WhatIsaid,

Stokoeexplains,isthatlanguageisnotmouthstuff-ifsbrainstuff.

21.Thestudyofsignlanguageisthoughttobe.

A)anewwaytolookatthelearningoflanguage

B)achallengetotraditionalviewsonthenatureoflanguage

C)anapproachtosimplifyingthegrammaticalstructureofalanguage

D)anattempttoclarifymisunderstandingabouttheoriginoflanguage

22.Thepresentgrowinginterestinsignlanguagewasstimulatedby.

A)afamousscholarinthestudyofthehumanbrain

B)aleadingspecialistinthestudyofliberalarts

C)anEnglishteacherinauniversityforthedeaf

D)someseniorexpertsinAmericanSignLanguage

23.AccordingtoStokoe,signlanguageis.

A)asubstandardlanguage

B)agenuinelanguage

C)anartificiallanguage

D)aninternationallanguage

24.MosteducatorsobjectedtoStokoe'sideabecausetheythought.

A)signlanguagewasnotextensivelyusedevenbydeafpeople

B)signlanguagewastooartificialtobewidelyaccepted

C)alanguageshouldbeeasytouseandunderstand

D)alanguagecouldonlyexistintheformofspeechsounds

25.Stokoe'sargumentisbasedonhisbeliefthat.

A)signlanguageisasefficientasanyotherlanguage

B)signlanguageisderivedfromnaturallanguage

C)languageisasystemofmeaningfulcodes

D)languageisaproductofthebrain

PassageFour

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ItcameassomethingofasurprisewhenDiana,PrincessofWales,madeatriptoAngola

in1997,tosupporttheRedCross'scampaignforatotalbanonallanti-personnellandmines.

WithinhoursofarrivinginAngola,televisionscreensaroundtheworldwerefilledwithimages

ofhercomfortingvictimsinjuredinexplosionscausedbylandmines.knewthestatistics^,

shesaid."Butputtingafacetothosefiguresbroughttherealityhometome;likewhenImet

Sandra,a13-year-oldgirlwhohadlostherleg,andpeoplelikeher.”

ThePrincessconcludedwithasimplemessage:uWemuststoplandmines”.Andshe

usedeveryopportunityduringhervisittorepeatthismessage.

But,backinLondon,herviewswerenotsharedbysomemembersoftheBritish

government,whichrefusedtosupportabanontheseweapons.Angrypoliticianslaunchedan

attackonthePrincessinthepress.Theydescribedherasveryill-informedandaloosecannon

(亂放炮的人)

hePrincessrespondedbybrushingasidethecriticisms.4tThisisadistraction(干擾)wedo

notneed.AllI'mtryingtodoishelp.”

Oppositionparties,themediaandthepublicimmediatelyvoicedtheirsupportforthe

Princess.Tomakemattersworseforthegovernment,itsoonemergedthatthePrincess'strip

hadbeenapprovedbytheForeignOffice,andthatshewasinfactverywell-informedabout

boththesituationinAngolaandtheBritishgovernment'spolicyregardinglandmines.The

resultwasasevereembarrassmentforthegovernment.

Totryandlimitthedamage,theForeignSecretary,MalcolmRifkidnd,claimedthatthe

Princess'sviewsonlandmineswerenotverydifferentfromgovernmentpolicy,andthatitwas

workingtowardsaworldwideban.TheDefenseSecretary,MichaelPortillo,claimedthematter

wasamisinterpretationormisunderstanding.

ForthePrincess,thetriptothiswar-torncountrywasanexcellentopportunitytouseher

popularitytoshowtheworldhowmuchdestructionandsufferinglandminescancause.She

saidthattheexperiencehadalsogivenherthechancetogetclosertopeopleandtheir

problems.

26.PrincessDianapaidavisittoAngolain1997.

A)tovoicehersupportforatotalbanoflandmines

B)toclarifytheBritishgovernment'sstandonlandmines

C)toinvestigatethesufferingsoflandminevictimsthere

D)toestablishherimageasafriendoflandminevictims

27.WhatdidDianameanwhenshesaid"...puttingafacetothosefiguresbroughtthereality

hometome(Line5,Para.1)?,?

A)Shejustcouldn'tbeartomeetthelandminevictimsfacetoface.

B)TheactualsituationinAngolamadeherfeellikegoingbackhome.

C)Meetingthelandminevictimsinpersonmadeherbelievethestatistics.

D)Seeingthepainofthevictimsmadeherrealizetheseriousnessofthesituation.

28.SomemembersoftheBritishgovernmentcriticizedDianabecause.

A)shewasill-informedofthegovernment'spolicy

B)theywereactuallyopposedtobanninglandmines

C)shehadnotconsultedthegovernmentbeforethevisit

D)theybelievedthatshehadmisinterpretedthesituationinAngola

29.HowdidDianarespondtothecriticisms?

A)Shepaidnoattentiontothem.

B)ShemademoreappearancesonTV.

C)Shemetthe13-year-oldgirlasplanned.

D)Sherosetoarguewithheropponents.

30.WhatdidPrincessDianathinkofhervisittoAngola?

A)IthadcausedembarrassmenttotheBritishgovernment.

B)Ithadbroughtherclosertotheordinarypeople.

C)Ithadgreatlypromotedherpopularity.

D)IthadaffectedherrelationswiththeBritishgovernment.

PartIVCloze(15minutes)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbest

fitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasingleline

throughthecentre.

Historianstendtotellthesamejokewhentheyaredescribinghistoryeducationin

America.Il'stheone61theteacherstandingintheschoolroomdoor62goodbye

tostudentsforthesummerandcalling63them.Bytheway,wewonWorldWarII.

Theproblemwiththejoke,ofcourse,isthatit's64funny.Therecentsurveyson

65illiteracy(無知)arebeginningtonumb(令人震驚)nearlyonethirdofAmerican

17-year-oldscannoteven66whichcountriestheUnitedStates67againstinthat

war.Onethirdhaveno68whentheDeclarationofIndependencewas69.Onethird

thoughtColumbusreachedtheNewWorldafter1750.Twothirdscannotcorrectly70the

CivilWarbetween1850and1900.71whentheygettheanswersright,someare_72

guessing.

Unlikemathorscience,ignoranceofhistorycannotbe73connectedtolossof

international74.Butitdoesaffectourfuture75ademocraticnationandas

individuals.The76newsisthatthereisgrowingagreement77whatiswrongwith

the78ofhistoryandwhatneedstobe79tofixit.Thestepsaretentative(嘗試性

的)80;yettobefeltinmostclassrooms.

61.A)aboutB)inC)forD)by

62.A)shakingB)wavingC)noddingD)speaking

63.A)inB)afterC)forD)up

64.A)rarelyB)soC)tooD)not

65.A)historicalB)educationalC)culturalD)political

66.A)distinguishB)acknowledgeC)identifyD)convey

67.A)defeatedB)attackedC)foughtD)struck

68.A)senseB)doubtC)reasonD)idea

69.A)printedB)signedC)markedD)edited

70.A)placeB)judgeC)getD)lock

71.A)EvenB)ThoughC)ThusD)So

72.A)hardlyB)justC)stillD)ever

73.A)exclusivelyB)practicallyC)shortlyD)directly

74.A)competitivenessB)comprehensionC)communityD)commitment

75.A)ofB)forC)withD)as

76.A)fineB)niceC)surprisingD)good

77.A)toB)withC)onD)of

78.A)consultingB)coachingC)teachingD)instructing

79.A)doneB)dealtC)metD)reached

80.A)thereforeB)orC)andD)as

2004年6月四級試題詳解

全文翻譯

一個雜志記者發現制造氫彈的方法的消息一經披露，一群火器迷就組成了國家氫彈

協會并為反對禁止公民擁有氫彈的立法而游說。

這一協會的發言人說：“議會給予每個人擁有武器的權利，它并沒指出是何種武器，

但由于現在每個人都可以制造氫彈，公眾應該可以購買氫彈用來防身?！?/p>

“你不認為把氫彈放在家里很危險嗎?尤其是有孩子的家庭？”

“國際輕彈協會希望教育人們安全使用氫彈，我們告訴使用者把它鎖在柜子里，導

火索單獨放在抽屜里?！?/p>

“有人認為氫彈是一種極度危險的可以殺死人的武器?！?/p>

發言人說：“氫彈不會殺人——人才會殺人。氫彈是用來自我保護的，同時它還有威

懾作用，當別人知道你家里有氫彈時，在強行闖入前會仔細考慮。”

“但是那些反對公民擁有炸彈的人認為如果氫彈鎖在柜子里而導火索在抽屜里，就

不可能有足夠的時間阻止入侵者。”

“另一種反對的觀點認為眼下制造氫彈的費用還很昂貴，因此你們協會促成的是中

上階層擁有氫彈，而只買得起手槍的貧民則完全不能自衛?！?/p>

試題詳解

16.A）。細節題.依據文章第一段。該文指出：進步雜志的?名記者發現如何制造

氫彈的消息一經披露，一批愛好者就形成了全國氫彈協會，他們現在正在游說反對形成

這樣的立法，即阻止美國人擁有氫彈。由此可知，選項A）為正確答案。

17.C）。細節題。依據文章第三段和第五段內容，尤其是第五段內容，即“Somepeople

considerthehydrogenbombaveryfatalweaponwhichcouldkillsomebody.由此可知，選

項C）為正確答案。

18.A）。推斷題。依據第六段第三句話。該句指出：如果有人知道你家有一核武器，

在破門而人的時候，他會三思的。也就是說這會嚇跑闖入者。故選項A）為正確答案

19.D）。推斷題。依據文章最后一段。該段指出：反對私人擁有氫彈的人認為氫彈

造價高，支持這樣的計劃也就等于讓中產階級和上層階級擁有氫彈，而窮人則沒有防衛

能力，只能依靠手槍。這也就是說，氫彈昂貴的價格使得人們處于不平等的地位。故選

項D）為正確答案。

20.A）。主旨題.作者在本文中陳述了支持私人擁有氫彈和反對私人擁有氫彈的兩

種觀點。但針對協會發育人的每種觀點，作者都提出了疑點。顯然作者對靠擁有氫彈

來保證家庭安全的做法是持懷疑態度的。故選項A）為正確答案。

16.Ablockanylegislationtobantheprivatepossessionofthebomb

17.Cpeople'sliveswillbethreatenedbytheweapon

18.Awillfrightenawayanypossibleintruders

19.Dthecostoftheweaponwillputcitizensonanunequalbasis

20.Dconcernedaboutthespreadofnuclearweapons

Passage3

全文翻譯

符號已經成為科學的?個熱點。僅僅是在過去的20年里，致力于語言學研究的

專家才意識到符號語言的獨特性種手語。他們提供了一條新的途徑來探究大腦如

何產生與領悟語言，并就一個長期以來存在爭議的科學問題闡明了新的觀點：任何一種

語言，連同它的語法，究竟是我們與生俱來的，還是一種后天學習的結果。當前對符號

語言的興趣始于華盛頓哥羅地大學（世界上惟一一所專為聾啞人開設的文科院校）一位

叛逆老師的首創。

最初比爾?斯托克去哥羅地大學教英語時，學校給他登記開設的課程是符號學。但

是斯托克注意到?些奇怪的現象：學生們畫的符號跟課堂上老師所教授的符號有所不同。

斯托克學習過一種手語，手的每一個動作都代表了英語的一個單詞。那時，美國符

號語言被認為只是一種混雜的英語。但是斯托克認為他的學生們所使用的手語更為豐富。

他很奇怪：難道聾啞人實際上一有一種天生的語言，而這種語言跟地球上的其他語言都不

相同?在1955年，即使聾啞人們也認為自己使用的語言不符合標準而廢棄不用，斯托克

的這?想法被認為是異端邪說。

37年后的今天，斯托克正投人大量的時間就美國符號語言和聾啞文化編寫書籍和雜志，

并制作影音材料。他一邊在哥羅地校園附近的?家小飯館里享用午餐，?邊描述自己如

何發動了一場革命。數十年來，他認為符號語言像英語、法語、日語一樣是自然語言的

觀點廣直遭到教育家們的攻擊。這些教育家們認為語言必須以言語和聲調的調節為基礎。

但符號語言確是以手的動作和在空間的調節為基礎。''我想說的是"，斯托克解釋道：“語

言不是關于嘴巴的東西一它是關于大腦的產物。

21.Bachallengetotraditionalviewsonthenatureoflanguage

22.CanEnglishteacherinauniversityforthedeaf

23.Bagenuinelanguage

24.Dalanguagecouldonlyexistintheformofspeechsounds

25.Dlanguageisaproductofthebrain

Passage4

26.A）。細節題。依據第一段第一句話。該句指出：……戴安娜王妃于1997年去安

哥拉的目的是為了支持紅十字會發起的一場全面禁止使用殺傷性地雷的運動

（...PrincessofWales,madeatriptoAngolain1997,tosupporttheredCross'scampaignfor

atotalbanonallanti-personnellandmines）0由此可知選項A）為正確答案。

27.D）。推斷題.依據第段最后?句話。該句引用戴安娜的話說：仔細看看這些

數字使我充分認識到現實的嚴重性。在第二段又講到：在她訪問期間反復說，我們必須

停止使用地雷。由此可知，選項D）為正確答案。

28.B）。推斷題。依據第三段內容。該段指出：在戴安娜（Diana）回到倫敦后，英

國政府內的部分成員不贊成戴安娜的觀點，他們拒絕支持禁止使用地雷這項運動。這些

憤怒的政客開始在媒體上向Diana發起攻擊。由此可見，這些政客實際是反對禁止使用

地雷。故選項B）為正確答案。

29.A）o細節題。依據第四段第一-句話的內容"ThePrincessrespondedbybrushingaside

thecriticisms（王妃不理睬這些批評）”可知，選項A）正確。句中的brushaside意思為“無

視（反對意見等），對……置之不理”，和選項A）中的paynoattention同義。

30.B）。細節題。依據文章最后一?句話"Shesaidthattheexperiencehadalsogivenher

thechancetogetclosertopeopleandtheirproblems"可知，選項B）為正確答案。

26.Atovoicehersupportforatotalbanoflandmines

27.DSeeingthepainofthevictimsmadeherrealizetheseriousnessofthesituation

28.Btheywereactuallyopposedtobanninglandmines

29.AShepaidnoattentiontothem

30.BIthadbroughtherclosertotheordinarypeople

PartHIVocabularyandStructure

詞匯

31.Ainparticular32.Caffected33.Don34.Bequipped

35.Crange36.Ddiscipline37.Ddispute38.Cconfused

39.Bentitles40.Abarrier4LCmobile42.Dexaggerating

43.Bonthecontrary44.Bprecaution45.APerceiving46.Cexpand

47.Dexpense48.Bindispensable49.Acomesto50.Csubstitute

51.Cproportions52.Brestrain53.Decho54.Bputaway

55.Ahint56Dconsult57.Cimitating58.Afailure

59.Dembraces60.Atedious

31.A）o（譯）我一邊往前走，沒想什么特別的東西，只是隨便看看周圍的事物。

（解）測試固定搭配的用法。Inparticular意為“特別；尤其"；inharmony（with）意

為“與…協調一致；與…和睦相處”,如，Sincetheendofthewar,thetwopeopleshavebeen

livinginharmonywitheachother.自從戰爭結束后，這兩個民族一直和睦地生活在一起。

indoubt意為“不能肯定的，可懷疑的”,如，Heisstillinsomedoubtaboutwhattodoo他

還拿不定怎么辦。inbrief意為“簡言之，簡單地說”，如，Inbrief,Idon'twanttodoit.

32.C）o（譯）批評家認為電視匕大量的廣告影響了電視節目的質量。

（解）測試動詞近義詞的辨析。affect意為“影響"，如：Theriseinthepriceofraw

materialswillaffectthemarket原材料的價格上漲會影響市場。lessen意為"減少：減輕”，

如：lessenihespeed減低速度decline意為“下降，減少；衰退，衰落；謝絕，拒絕”，如：

Theyaskedmetotheirparty,butIdeclinedtheinvitation。他們邀請我參加宴會，但是我婉

拒了oeffect意為“實現，使生效，引起”,如：Hedidithimself,therebyeffectingaconsiderable

savingintimeandmoneyo他親自動手，從而省下了不少時間和金錢。

33.D）。（譯）我必須祝賀你出色地設計了這座新橋。

（解）考查動詞與介詞的搭配用法。congratulate意為“祝賀，向……道喜”，通常接

介詞on或者upon。

34.B）o（譯）主辦公樓一樓有一個設備齊全的健康中心。

（解）測試動詞近義詞辨析。equip意思為“配備，裝備，（智力、體力上）使有準備”,

指為特殊目的向提供裝備。如：Thefactoryisequippedwithmodernmachines0這個工J

裝備有現代化的機器。install意為"安裝，設置，使就職，任命，如：Threecomputershave

beeninstalledintheoffice0辦公室里已經安裝了三臺電腦。provide意為”提供,供給”,

如：Thedrawingprovidesuswithoneoftheearliestexamplesoftheuseofperspectiveo這幅

畫給我們提供了采用透視畫法的最早范例。project意為“投射，發射，放映，（使）突出'，

如：WeareprojectingavisittoEurope0我們正在計劃到歐洲旅游。

35.C）o（譯）二十多年來，我們一直支持從幼兒園到大學范圍內的很多教育項目。

（解）測試固定搭配的用法。Range（from...to）意為“變動,變化"；move意為"移

動，搬動，遷移：提議"，如：Imovethataspecialcommittee（should）beformedforthismattero

我提議設立一個特別委員會來處理這件事。shift意為“轉變，轉換，轉移；變速，調（檔廣

如：Thewindhasshiftedfromnorthtosoutho風從北風轉成南風。spread意為"展開，伸

開；散布，蔓延,傳播”,如:Thenewsspreadthroughtheschoolveryquickly.那消息很

快傳遍了整個學校。

Cloze

6LAabout62.Bwaving63.Bafter64.Dnot65.Ahistorical

66.Cidentify67.Cfought68.Didea69.Bsigned70.Aplace

71.AEven72.Bjust73.Ddirectly74.Acompetitiveness75.Das

76.Dgood77.Con78.Cteaching79.Adone80.Cand

作文：

［參考范文］

Abriefintroductiontoatouristattraction

Goodmorning,ladiesandgentleman,welcometoBeijing.Tobeginwith,Iwouldliketo

introducemyself:IamthetouristguidefromChinaTravelServiceandit'sgreathonortostay

herewithallofyouforawholeday.Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Itisalwaysapleasureto

greetafriendfromafar”，Iwishallofyoutoenjoyyourselvesduringthistrip.

Thefollowingisscheduleoftheday.ThefirstspotwearegoingtovisitistheGreatWall,

thegrandestfortificationinancientChina.ThenextsighttolookaroundistheMingTombs,

whichisoneofthebest-preservedtombsfor13emperorsinMingDynastymorethanone

thousandyearsago.Intheafternoon,wewillgofortheSummerPalace,theroyalparkfor

Chineseancientemperors.

CurrentlyweareonthewaytotheGreatWall.DatingbacktothesevencenturyB.C.,the

GreatWallisconstructedbyrespectivestatesforfortifyingagainstinvasionofneighboring

states.Bythereasonsoflonghistoryanditslength,itbecomesoneoftheeightwondersinthe

worldandrepresentsthehighestwisdomandcrafts.FromthetopoftheGreatWall,wecan

enjoyamagnificentviewofcontinuousmountains,greentreesandbloomingwildflowers.Itis

nodoubtthatonesays,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman”.

AboveismyintroductiontotheGreatWall.Ifanyofyouhavequestions,pleasefeelfreetoask

meatanytime.

2005年1月四級試題

PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)

Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)

andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswer

Sheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthe

causeisacoldorflu(流感)maymakeadifferenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.

TheAmericanLungAssociation(ALA)hasissuednewguidelinesoncombatingcolds

andtheflu,andoneofthekeysisbeingabletoquicklytellthetwoapart.ThaCsbecausethe

prescriptiondrugsavailableforthefluneedtobetakensoonaftertheillnesssetsin.Asfor

colds,thesoonerapersonstartstakingover-the-counterremedy,thesoonerreliefwillcome.

Thecommoncoldandthefluarebothcausedbyviruses.Morethan200virusescan

causecoldsymptoms,whilethefluiscausedbythreeviruses-fluA,BandC.Thereisnocure

foreitherillness,buttheflucanbepreventedbythefluvaccine(疫苗)，whichis,formost

people,thebestwaytofighttheflu,accordingtotheALA.

Butifthefludoesstrike,quickactioncanhelp.Althoughthefluandcommoncoldhave

manysimilarities,therearesomeobvioussignstolookfor.

Coldsymptomssuchasstuffynose,runnynoseandscratchythroattypicallydevelop

gradually,andadultsandteensoftendonotgetafever.Ontheotherhand,feverisoneofthe

characteristicfeaturesofthefluforallages.Andingeneral,flusymptomsincludingfeverand

chills,sorethroatandbodyachescomeonsuddenlyandaremoreseverethancoldsymptoms.

TheALAnotesthatitmaybeparticularlydifficulttotellwheninfantsandpreschoolage

childrenhavetheflu.Itadvisesparentstocallthedoctoriftheirsmallchildrenhaveflu-like

symptoms.

Bothcoldandflusymptomscanbeeasedwithover-the-countermedicationsaswell.

However,childrenandteenswithacoldorflushouldnottakeaspirinforpainreliefbecauseof

theriskofReyesyndrome(綜合癥)，ararebutseriousconditionoftheliverandcentral

nervoussystem.

Thereis,ofcourse,novaccineforthecommoncold.Butfrequenthandwashingand

avoidingclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavecoldscanreducethelikelihoodofcatchingone.

11.Accordingtotheauthor,knowingthecauseofthemiserywillhelp___.

A)shortenthedurationoftheillness

B)thepatientbuysmedicineoverthecounter

C)thepatientobtaincheaperprescriptiondrugs

D)preventpeoplefromcatchingcoldsandtheflu

12.Welearnfromthepassagethat__.

A)onedoesn'tneedtotakeanymedicineifhehasacoldortheflu

B)aspirinshouldnotbeincludedinover-the-countermedicinesfortheflu

C)delayedtreatmentofthefluwillharmtheliverandcentralnervoussystem

D)over-the-counterdrugscanbetakentoeasethemiserycausedbyacoldortheflu

13.Accordingtothepassage,tocombattheflueffectively,.

A)oneshouldidentifytheviruswhichcausesit

B)oneshouldconsultadoctorassoonaspossible

C)oneshouldtakemedicineuponcatchingthedisease

D)oneshouldremainalertwhenthediseaseisspreading

14.Whichofthefollowingsymptomswilldistinguishtheflufromacold?

A)Astuffynose.

B)Ahightemperature.

C)Asorethroat.

D)Adrycough

15.Ifchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms,theirparents.

A)areadvisednottogivethemaspirin

B)shouldwatchoutforsignsofReyesyndrome

C)areencouragedtotakethemtohospitalforvaccination

D)shouldpreventthemfrommixingwithpeoplerunningafever

PassageTwo

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericans

areturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,for

possibleanswers.However,theanswersprovidedbyJapanesepreschoolsarenottheones

Americansexpectedtofind.InmostJapanesepreschools,surprisinglylittleemphasisisputon

academicinstruction.Inoneinvestigation,300Japaneseand210Americanpreschoolteachers,

childdevelopmentspecialists,andparentswereaskedaboutvariousaspectsofearlychildhood

education.Only2percentoftheJapaneserespondents(答問卷者)listed"togivechildrena

goodstartacademically"asoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.In

contrast,overhalftheAmericanrespondentschose-thisasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.To

preparechildrenforsuccessfulcareersinfirstgradeandbeyond,Japaneseschoolsdonotteach

reading,writing,andmathematics,butratherskillssuchaspersistence,concentration,andthe

abilitytofunctionasamemberofagroup,ThevastmajorityofyoungJa