HistoryofChina1/37HistoryofChinaBriefintroductionofChinesehistory

WehatetheSeparatistandwars.Why?SomethingaboutDiaoyuIslands2/37Preface:Wehaveabigfamily1.Chinahasalandareaof9.6millionssquarekilometers,makingitthethird-biggestcountryintheworld.2.Chinaisaunified,multi-nationalcountry,with56nationalitiesinall.3.Acountrywithapopulationof1.3billion.3/37Manyfamousarcheologyandbeautifulsceneryinthisland4/37Wearehappyandenjoythepeace5/37crowded6/37Preface:Wehaveabigfamily1.Chinahasalandareaof9.6millionssquarekilometers,makingitthethird-biggestcountryintheworld.2.Chinaisaunified,multi-nationalcountry,with56nationalitiesinall.3.Acountrywithapopulationof1.3billion.7/37Preface:WehaveabigfamilyBut,Ourterritoryhasalwaysbeenlikethis?Howdoesitbecomelikethisnow?Thepopulationofourcountryhasbeenontheincreaseallthetimeinthehistory?Whydoweliveinsuchamulti-ethniccountry?ManyChinesearepuzzledaboutthisquestions,Ihopethatmyspeechwillmakeusclearaboutthis.8/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistory

TheXiaDynastyisthefirstunifiedcountryinChinesehistory,2070~1600BC,establisheditscapitalinAnyi(安邑，今山西夏縣）

今山西夏縣9/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistory

Shangdynasty(1600--1046B.C.),establishedcapitalinShangqiu(early)andAnyang(late).10/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryZhouDynastyreplacedtheShangDynastyinthe1029BC,establishedit’scapitalinXian.WecallitWestZhouDynasty(1029-771BC).Threehundredsyearslater,theempiremovedit’scapitaltoLuoyang,becalledEastZhouDynasty(770-256BC).11/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryInthefollowingfivehundredsyears,

The

EastZhouDynasty(770-256BC)dividesintomanysmallstates.Thestatesfightwitheachother,whichlastsfor250years,wealsocallthisageWarringStates12/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheQinDynastyreunitedchinaagainin221BC.(221-207BC)Xian(capital)13/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheQinDynastyisverybrutal,soitisdestroyedbythepeople14yearslater.ThecapitalisXian.14/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheHanDynastybecameChina'snewempirein206BC,establishedit’scapitalinXian,wecallittheWestHanDynastyinthehistory.ItmovedthecapitaltoLuoyangin25,calledEastHanDynasty.(206BC~220)15/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheHanDynastyissplitintothreestates,theyare:Wei,Shu,Wu.Thethreecountriesfightwitheachotherformorethan60years.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplearekilldeinthewar.16/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheJinDynastyunifiedthewholecountryin265,establishedit’scapitalinLuoyang,calledEastJinDynasty.(265~316)17/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheWestJinDynastywasattackedbyothercountries,becamesmallerandsmaller,ithadnochoicebutmovedit'scapitaltoNanjing,calledEastJinDynasty.(317~420)18/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryFrom420to581,Chinawassplitintomanyparts.Flamesofwarburnuponthelandagain,lastedthreehundredyears.19/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryThechangeofterritorymeanswar,bloodanddeath.20/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistorySuiDynastyunifiedChinainthe581,becamethepowerfulempire,buttheSuiDynastywasashort-livedDynasty,itwasreplacedbytheTangDynastyinthe681.Luoyangisthecapital.21/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheTangDynasty(618~907)isveryfamousintheworld,andverypowerfulandrich.Ithastwocapital,XianandLuoyang.22/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryAfter300years,theTangEmpirewasdestroyed.TimecometoFiveDynastiesandTenKingdoms23/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheSongDynastyunifiedmostofchinafrom900to1279.Buttheempireisveryweak,sothatwarsneverstoppedintheland.Chinaneedsastrong,unifiedgovernment.24/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheYuanDynasty(1206~1368)hasthemostvastterritoryinChinahistory.ThecapitalisBeijing,it’sthefirsttimeBeijingasthecapital.25/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheMingDynasty(1368~1644)isanotherunified,strongempire.Anautical

heroliveintheage,namedZhengHe.Beijing26/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheQingDynasty(1616~1911)promotedtheChineseethnicfusion[fju??n]27/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryTheRepublicofChina(1912~1949).Nanjing(capital)28/37BriefintroductionofChinesehistoryThepeople'sRepublicofChina(1949~now)Beijing(capital)29/37親，你記不住這么許多朝代，是吧？記住這首詩就夠了:夏商與西周，東周分兩斷，春秋和戰國，一統秦兩漢，三分魏蜀吳，兩晉前后庭，南北朝并立，隋唐五代傳，宋元明清后，王朝至此完！30/37WehatetheSeparatistandwars.Why?31/37WehatetheSeparatistandwars.Why?32/37China'sterritoryisdividedintomanysmallstates,theyfoughtwitheachotheralltheyears,andsometimesthewarevenlastedformorethanhundredsofyears.33/37WehatetheSeparatistandwars.Why?Divisiontous,itmeansdeath,bleeding,thewarofhundredsofyearsThisisthereasonwetaketheonesunifiyChinaasourheroes.Aunified,strongChinameanspeace,prosperity,happinessforus.TheChineselovepeace,becauseweunderstandthemeaningofpeacemoredeeply.34/37親，你記不住這么許多朝代，是吧？記住這首詩就夠了:夏商與西周