大題03閱讀理解說明文

》明考情-笈方向后.

歷年考情

說明文閱讀理解一般作為全國卷閱談理解中的CD篇，主要分為兩種類型：實驗研究和介紹說明型。說

明文是對事物的形狀，性質，特征，成果或公用等進行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章，把我所說明事物的特征

和本質是理解說明文的關鍵，說明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定義法，解釋法，比較法，比喻法，數字

法，圖標法，引用法和距離函等。說明文的特點是客觀、簡潔、準確、清晰，文章很少表達作者的情感傾

向。閱讀說明文的重點在于讀懂它說明的事物或事理，了解事物的性質、結構、形成原因、功能；了解事

物的意義和特征等。

命題規律

說明文所選材料題材豐富多樣，涉及社會、科技、文化、生活、人物、教育、生態、安全等方面。在

高考英語閱讀理解中，說明文所占比重尤為突出。它既要求考生能熟練運用詞匯和語法知識、理解文章語

句、把握語篇整體結構，還要求學生有大量的閱讀積淀和知識儲備，熟悉不同的話題和不同的題目考查方

式。即便是細節理解題，大多數情況下考生也無法從文章中直接找到與選項表述完全一致的信息，而是需

要在理解文章細節信息后作出歸納和判斷。通常一套卷中主旨大意、詞義猜測、寫作意圖/觀點態度類高難

度試題的考查數量為2道左右，說明文考查此類題目的頻率較高，且命題點呈多樣化。

考向預測

預測2025年高考說明文閱讀理解試題難度會保持相對穩定，主要考查題型仍然為細節理解題和推理判

斷題為主，主旨大意題和詞義猜測題為輔。

短研大題-梃能力4

精底:船處螂罪懶、囑闞、蝸蛔儲懶懶I唬

Actor而igtoItetntwhatisthekeyfutaniL?

HondoestbeaulhordescribetheproctssoL.?

WhManbeinferredfromthetatabout.?

UlutistbtresiltoftheMperimtninKBMinParagraph3?

NMisthewtlikelyreasonfor..?

Wluchoftbtfolkmin;stitemtDtSBprobabl）mtbasedonthetal?

地睛:臉㈱胺訥容,贏住娜懶核慌崛目的.

主網陶嫻%?網梏警.八一

箱酷aa的螭觸檐的蒯雕部船義

—UlutistbenumpurposeofIheled?

觸購：_MM（<<5ttSs%-io%）

UhtistbrtNtmainhiboat?

“MdotstheniKkrliiedwerdVreferIo?

MikhtidebestsannaruesIhepassive?

ThtphrikVinPingraph2iscl??tiimeioisgto___.

輛晾:嘛豁脆搬憫（嘲收覷）蝴嘛.

w：分赦?麗階加甜?雌硼撕”）瞬轆（蝴

mre：

取蝴.

^hlistbeantbor'sitt加dttowardsthephfoonKDondhcisstd?

Howislbetaiorjuiztd?

MHisthefactioiofP叫mph#

播典母I

【2024全國甲卷】Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshave

distinctvocals（聲音）thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.

Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversations

withhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattract

attentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoft

meows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.

Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassess

theirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplace

torelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.

Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.

That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon't

usuallylike.

Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfind

randomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat*sbeenpresentinallkindsof

predators（食肉動物）.Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejust

doingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!

4.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats*meowingfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Itsasurvivalskill.B.It'staughtbymothercats.

C.It'shardtointerpret.D.It*sgettinglouderwithage.

5.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?

A.Bylisteningforsounds.B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.

C.Bycheckingonsmells.D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.

6.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?

A.Performappropriately.B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely.D.Dobetter.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TipsonFindingaSmartCatB.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehavior

C.HaveFunwithYourCatD.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy

說明文閱讀量大，生僻詞匯多，句式結構復雜，這就需要考生有方法有技巧地去閱讀。一般我們采用i

的方法有三個：細讀、略讀和跳讀。

(1)細讀重點。重點，就原文而言，就是文章的基本結構、內容和態度；就答題而言，就

是問題所對應的題源句。以這個標準來衡量，需要重點閱讀的原文詞句就不會很多。

宏觀方面：文章結構；文章主題句；各段首末句；體現作者觀點態度的詞句。

微觀方面：有轉折處；重要標點；句子主干。

(2)有選擇地略讀或跳讀。在快速瀏覽了題干，初步把握了文章大意及結構的基礎上，可大膽進行略讀：

或跳讀，這樣不但可以加快閱讀速度，還更容易總體把握全文。在閱讀中可略讀或跳讀的內容包括：

①繁瑣的例證。為了說明問題，作者可能會借用形象的例子，有時候會比較繁瑣，雖能說明問題，但需1

要讀者花很多時間去閱讀。如果例子所說明的問題不明了，可通過略讀來理解；若例子所說明的問題比較；

明了，則例子部分可一帶而過。

②并列多項列舉。有時許多功能相同的項目并列列舉，那么只讀其中一兩項即可，無需；

全讀。

③無關大局的生僻詞匯。閱讀中經常會遇到一些生詞，如果這些生詞對理解全文沒有影響或影響不大就1

可略過。

?較長的人名、地名。有許多較長的表示人名、地名等的專有名詞，閱讀時可一掃而過或干脆用其首字：

母代替，不必試圖把整個專有名詞讀出來。

在略讀過程中，要特別注意對解題有重要意義的詞、句、段等，并將其儲存在大腦里，以免回頭再查1

看費時費力。

肉眼醞a

[2025屆河北省石家莊市第一中學高三下學期一模】Envisionafuturisticrooftopgardensoastutethatit

iscapableofdiscerningtheoptimalmomentstohoardwaterinanticipationofaridconditions,andwhentoexpel

watertoavertinundation.Now,suchintelligentroofsaretransitioningfromtherealmoffantasytorealityinthe

Netherlands.

Withasubstantialportionofthenationsituatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshaslongbeenacquainted

withtheperilsofflooding.Theadventofclimatechangehasusheredinaneraofmoreextrememeteorological

phenomena,includingtorrentialdownpoursandperiodsofdrought,compellingthecityofAmsterdamto

contemplatenovelstrategiesforself-preservation,anditiswithinthiscontextthatResilioemergesasapivotal

player.

Aspertheassertionsontheirofficialwebsite,Resilioisengagedintheconstructionofblue-greenroofs

acrosstheexpanseofAmsterdam.Inconjunctionwiththelocalgovernmentalauthorities,fromtheyears2018

throughto2022,theyhaveinstalledspecializedroofingsystemsintheneighborhoodsofAmsterdamthataremost

vulnerabletotheravagesofflooddamage.

Theseroofsarecomposedofamultitudeofstrata.Paramountamongtheselayersisthewaterretentionlayer.

Duringepisodesofcopiousrainfall,thislayerservestoaccumulatetherainwaterthatwouldotherwiseinundatethe

streets,andintimesofdrought,itchannelsitsstoredwatertonourishthegardensituatedontheuppermostlayer.It

isthisparticularlayerthatdistinguishestheblue-greenroofsfromtheirconventionalgreencounterparts.Research

indicatesthatblue-greenroofspossessthecapacitytocaptureasmuchas97%ofextremerainfall,instarkcontrast

tothemere12%thatregulargreenroofscanretain.

However,whattrulysetsResilioroofsapartistheirsophisticatedsystems.Anarrayofblue-greenroofsare

interconnectedviaadigitalcommunicationnetwork,therebyenablingeachrooftobemanipulatedindependently,

respondingtothevolumeofwateramassedonthatspecificroofasthesituationdemands.Eachroofisalso

equippedwithavalvethatislinkedtoacomputerizedsystemknownastheDecisionSupportSystem(DSS).The

DSSinterfaceswithlocalweatherprognosticationstodeterminewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldbe

opened,allowingwatertobedischargedinacontrolledandgradualmannerintotheseweragesystem,orwhetherit

shouldremainsealedtocollecttheimpendingrain.

TheseinnovationsarethehallmarksthatrenderResiliotrulyrevolutionary.Blue-greenroofsexemplifythat

theremediestothehazardsposedbyclimatechangenecessitateablendofcreativityandamultifacetedapproach,

operatingonvariouslevelstomitigatetheadverseeffectsofourchangingenvironment.

8.WhatmaydirectlyleadtothebuildingofResilioroofsinAmsterdam?

A.Theincreasingdisasters.B.Thecity'sfinancialsuffering.

C.Theever-risingsealevel.D.Thecity'sgeographicadvantage.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutthewaterretentionlayerofResilioroofs?

A.Theyareslowtodrought.B.Theyareabsolutelyperfect.

C.Theyserveadoublepurpose.D.Theycantrapsolarenergy.

10.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheDSSaccordingtothetext?

A.Tocollectweatherinformation.B.Tocontroltheuseofthevalve.

C.Tohelpthesewersystemwork.D.Toconnectthedigitalnetwork.

11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.SmartroofsystemsbecomingarealityinAuckland

B.Resilioblue-greenroofsystemspreventingdisasters

C.Theworkingprincipleoftheblue-greenroofsystems

D.ThedifferencesbetweenResilioroofsandregulargreenroofs

、刷大題-拿高分4?

Passage(1)

[2025屆河南省鄭州市中原區鄭州中學高三上學期12月模擬預測】Sadfishing,whichresearchers

definedintheJournalofAmericanCollegeHealthin2021,referstothetrendofexaggeratingpersonalstruggles

onlinetogeneratesympathy.Itcouldbeintheformofasadphoto,anominousquote,orapostwithafoggy

meaning.

Weallmaybeguiltyofpostingsomethingweakandemotionalonsocialmediafromtimetotime,which

isn'tabadthing.Butpostingrepeatedlycouldbeasignofalargermentalhealthissueinteensoracryforhelp.

JournalistRebeccaReidcoinedthetermin2019afteraquestionableInstagrampostbyKendallJenner.In

thepost,Jennerdescribeda“painfillstruggle^^withacneandreceivedalargeamountofsympatheticresponses

fromherfollowers.However,itwaslaterrevealedthatherpostwasjustacomplicatedmarketingplotforher

skincarepartnershipwithProactiv,andReidlabeledherbehaviorassadfishing.

Expertssaysadfishingislikelyduetothefactthatachildorteenisstrugglingwithsomethingandwantsto

letothersknow.Inthesecases,theyoftendon'tfeeltheyhaveapersontheyfeelcomfortablewithtosharetheir

struggleswithsotheyturntothesocialmediaworld.A2023studyfoundthatteenswhoparticipatedinsadfishing

exhibitedsignsofanxietyanddepression,whilelowsocialsupportwasalargecontributingfactor.Researchersalso

foundthatboysreported"highersadfishingtendencies^^thangirlsatage12,butthetrenddecreasedastheygot

older.Forgirls,thetrendincreasedwithage.

Researchersfoundthat,inmostcases,responsestosadfishingpostswerepositiveandhelpful.Butinsome

cases,therewerenegativeresponseswhichcouldleadtoincreasedstressoranxiety.4UWhenasocialmediapostis

unsuccessfulinseekingsympatheticresponses,itcanalsocausethepersonpostingittobemocked；'Dr.

Nissim-Matheiswarns."Especiallyifthepostisauthentic.^^Andwhileanyresponseissupportiveforachild/teen

whofeelsunseenandunheard,itmayopenthemuptoprivacyviolationsandviolentbehavior.

28.Whafstheintentionofasocialmediauser'ssadfishing?

A.Toshareanopinion.B.Todemonstrateonlineskills.

C.Tomakeacomplaint.D.Tosatisfyanemotionalneed.

29.WhatcanweinferaboutJenner'sInstagramfollowers?

A.Theyhadlittleknowledgeofacne.

B.TheyhadtrustinProactiveproducts.

C.TheywereprobablymisledbyJenner'sstory.

D.Theywereencouragedbyonlineinformation.

30.Whatdoweknowaboutteenagers5sadfishingtrends?

A.Theypeakatage12forboys.B.Theydeclineafterage12forgirls.

C.Theygenerallydecreaseasoneages.D.Theydisappearbeforeone'sadulthood.

31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mocked“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Calledon.B.Laughedat.C.Promoted.D.Supported.

Passage(2)

[2025屆黑龍江省“六校聯盟”高三上學期聯合適應性考試】EngineersatPrincetonUniversityhave

measuredthecoolingbenefitsofasimplesolutionforbeatingurbanheat:reflectingsunlightbackfromwhereit

camebyequippingbuildingwallsandroadwaysinurbancenterswithretroreflective(反光的)materials.

“Withclimatechangeandtheincreasingfrequencyandpersistenceofextremeheatevents,morepeoplein

theU.S.diefromextremeheatthanfromanyotherweather-relateddisaster-heatkillsmorethantornadoes,

tsunamis,andhurricanescombined,saidElieBou-Zeid,professorofcivilandenvironmentalengineering.

Severaltechnologieshavebeenraisedtofightagainsttheissueofurbanoverheating,includingcool

pavementsandroofcoatings.However,whensunlighthitsthesecoolingtechnologies,itcanbekickedbackinany

numberofdirectionsinsteadofinonefocuseddirection,whichmeansthathighlyreflectivematerialscouldhavean

oppositeresultifappliedbecausesunlightcouldbereflectedontotheground,walls,andeventhepassers-by.

""Actually,retroreflectivematerialsarealreadyusedintransportation,wheretheyarecommonlyfoundin

roadsignsandpainttoimprovenighttimevisibility,butanimportantquestionishowefficientwecanmakethem

andwhetherwecanengineerthemtohavetheperformanceswewant,“saidJyotirmoyMandal,assistantprofessor

ofcivilandenvironmentalengineering.

Unlikecommonhighlyreflectivematerials,retroreflectorscanreflectincomingsunlightwithlimited

scattering（散射）.Consequently,mostsunlighthittingaretroreflectoronabuildingwallorcitystreetwouldbe

directedbackinthesamedirectionitcamefrom-andoutoftheurbancanyon.Inthisway,theretroreflectorscan

releasethesunlightthatwouldotherwisebestuckintheurbancanyonandexacerbatetheurbanoverheating

problem.

Ultimately,theywanttocreateasetofguidelinesforpolicymakers,planners,andmaterialsengineers.If

you'reanurbanplanner,forexample,andyouknowthelatitudeofyourcity,thewidth-heightratioandthe

directionofyourstreets,youcaneasilyusetheirresultstopickthesuitablesurfacesforapplyingthese

retroreflectivematerialsandestimatethecoolingbenefitsyoumightreceiveindoingso.

8.WhatmayElieBou-Zeidwarnpeopleofinparagraph2?

A.Thefrequencyofnaturaldisasters.B.Thieurgencyofkeepingpeoplecool.

C.Theunpredictabilityofclimatechange.D.Thenecessityoftemperaturemonitoring.

9.Whatisthelimitationofcurrentcoolingtechnologies?

A.Influenceuponthecity'sappearance.B.Disturbanceoftheviewofpasses-by.

C.Productionofsomethingpoisonoustohumans.D.Inabilitytocontrolthedirectionofreflectedlight.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exacerbate“inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Relieve.B.Cause.C.Intensify.D.Address.

11.Whatisprobablythefinalgoaloftheengineers?

A.Toincreaseurbangreenspaces.B.Topersonalizereflectivematerials.

C.Tosimplifyexistingbuildingdesigns.D.Toreducecostsofconstructionmaterials.

Passage（3）

[2025屆山東省日照市高三下學期一模】Everytimewemakeanewvideoorsendanemail,orposta

photoofourlatestmeal,it'sliketurningonasmalllightbulb（燈泡）thaf11neverbeturnedoff.Thispointstoan

uncomfortableandextremelymodemquestion:Tohelpsavetheplanet,shouldwebeusinglessdata?Givenhow

muchofmodernlifedependsondigitaldata,theanswercouldbeakeyaspecttolivingnoblyintheAIage.

Whydopostsproducecarbonatall?WhenyousendapostonMoments,itgoesalongachainof

energy-burningelectronics.YourWi-Firoutersendsthesignalalongwirestothelocalexchange-theboxonthe

streetcorner-andfromtheretoatelecomscompany,andfromtheretohugedatacentersoperatedbythetech

giants.Eachofthoserunsonelectricity,anditalladdsup.

Today,about400millionhomesworldwidehaveatleastone“smart“device-curtains,electriccookers,

refrigerators,andpads.By2028,thatfigureisexpectedtonearlydouble.Weare,inotherwords,beingtakenintoa

worldwhereifshardertodoanythingwithoutturningonadigitallightbulb.Thisputseco-consciousconsumersin

abind.Afterall,whowouldliketobesomeonethatcan'tgettheirinformationproperlybecausethey'retoobusy

keepingthecarbonfootprintoftheirsearchesdown?

Intheabsenceofsystemicchange,worryingoverourindividualdata-usagedecisionsis"liketryingtohold

backafloodwithabucketandspade（鐵鏟）Still,there5ssomethingwecando.Whenwefaceadigitaldecision,

thelessdata-thirstyoptionwilloftenbethesmarterone.Blockingthird-partytrackingwhenwe'reontheweb,for

example,notonlyreducesthepowerconsumptionofinternetbrowsing;it'salsogoodforyourprivacy.More

fundamentally,maybewedon'tneedtoturneverythingintodata.IfIputdownmyphonethenexttimeFmona

train,itwon'tsavetheplanet.ButI'llbelookingoutthewindowwithmyowneyes,creatingamemorythat

releasesnocarbonatall.

8.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdatausage?

A.Itisenergy-consuming.

B.Itiseasyandconvenient.

C.Itsnegativeeffectsareignored.

D.Itsbenefitsareunderestimated.

9.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?

A.Toentertain.B.Toinform.

C.Topersuade.D.Toinspire.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“inabind^^meaninparagraph3?

A.Atrisk.B.Ataloss.

C.Atease.D.Atadisadvantage.

11.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningcarbonreductioninthelastparagraph?

A.Theremovalofdigitaldata.

B.Thepromotionofecotourism.

C.Thevalueofpersonalcontribution.

D.Thesignificanceofsystemicchange.

Passage（4）

[2025屆山東省日照市高三下學期一1模】Everytimewemakeanewvideoorsendanemail,orposta

photoofourlatestmeal,ifsliketurningonasmalllightbulb（燈泡）that511neverbeturnedoff.Thispointstoan

uncomfortableandextremelymodemquestion:Tohelpsavetheplanet,shouldwebeusinglessdata?Givenhow

muchofmodernlifedependsondigitaldata,theanswercouldbeakeyaspecttolivingnoblyintheAIage.

Whydopostsproducecarbonatall?WhenyousendapostonMoments,itgoesalongachainof

energy-burningelectronics.YourWi-Firoutersendsthesignalalongwirestothelocalexchange-theboxonthe

streetcomer-andfromtheretoatelecomscompany,andfromtheretohugedatacentersoperatedbythetech

giants.Eachofthoserunsonelectricity,anditalladdsup.

Today,about400millionhomesworldwidehaveatleastone"smart“device——curtains,electriccookers,

refrigerators,andpads.By2028,thatfigureisexpectedtonearlydouble.Weare,inotherwords,beingtakenintoa

worldwhereit'shardertodoanythingwithoutturningonadigitallightbulb.Thisputseco-consciousconsumersin

abind.Afterall,whowouldliketobesomeonethatcan'tgettheirinformationproperlybecausethey'retoobusy

keepingthecarbonfootprintoftheirsearchesdown?

Intheabsenceofsystemicchange,worryingoverourindividualdata-usagedecisionsis"liketryingtohold

backafloodwithabucketandspade（鐵鏟）Still,there9ssomethingwecando.Whenwefaceadigitaldecision,

thelessdata-thirstyoptionwilloftenbethesmarterone.Blockingthird-partytrackingwhenwe'reontheweb,for

example,notonlyreducesthepowerconsumptionofinternetbrowsing;it'salsogoodforyourprivacy.More

fundamentally,maybewedon'tneedtoturneverythingintodata.IfIputdownmyphonethenexttimeI'mona

train,itwon'tsavetheplanet.ButI'llbelookingoutthewindowwithmyowneyes,creatingamemorythat

releasesnocarbonatall.

8.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdatausage?

A.Itisenergy-consuming.

B.Itiseasyandconvenient.

C.Itsnegativeeffectsareignored.

D.Itsbenefitsareunderestimated.

9.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?

A.Toentertain.B.Toinform.

C.Topersuade.D.Toinspire.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“inabind^^meaninparagraph3?

A.Atrisk.B.Ataloss.

C.Atease.D.Atadisadvantage.

11.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningcarbonreductioninthelastparagraph?

A.Theremovalofdigitaldata.

B.Thepromotionofecotourism.

C.Thevalueofpersonalcontribution.

D.Thesignificanceofsystemicchange.

Passage(5)

【湖北省武漢市第一中學2024-2025學年高三上學期12月聯考JWhensciencefictionandthescienceof

timemeet,theyinviteusintoadeepexplorationofthenatureoftime.Despiteitspresenceeverywhereindailylife,

timeremainsamystery,withnodefinitivedefinition.Ourconceptoftimemaybeamentalshortcut,atoolforour

limitedbrainstocomprehendchange.

TheEnglishlanguagefrequentlyemploysthenoun"time,“yetwelackasatisfactoryexplanationforit.

Concerningtime,quantum(量子)mechanicsanddailyexperiencesoftencontradicteachother,suggestingtime's

complexityandambiguousnature.Ourmentalconceptionoftimemaynevercorrespondwithitsrealityinthe

universe,butthisshouldn'tstopusfromexploringit.

Manysciencefictionquotestouchontime.RayCummings?1919novel,TheGirlintheGoldenAtom,offers

amemorablequote:t4Timeiswhatkeepseverythingfromhappeningatonce,^^implyingtime'sstructuralroleinthe

universe.BlakeCrouch?sRecursionpresentsacontrastingview:"Timeisafalseimage,aconceptmadeoutof

humanmemory.

RobertCharlesWilson'sSpinexploresvariousformsoftime,frompersonalmeasurementtocosmicscales,

emphasizingourchallengingrelationshipwithit.S.D.Unwin'sOneSecondPerSecondsuggeststimeaschaos

withinacosmicplan,withpeopleandcivilizationsasitsplaythings.RobertVS.Redick'sVanishingPoint

describestimeasatrickduetoourcomprehensionoftime'sflow.

CaptainJean-LucPicardfromStarTreksays,“Timeisacompanionwhoremindsustocherishevery

moment,9,emphasizingitsvalue.DavidBrin'sBrightnessReefdescribestimeasacrueljudge,punishingeventhe

successfulandbrilliant.StephenBaxter'sTheTimeShipscatchestime'sfrighteningnature,darkeninghuman

achievementsinthevastnessoftime.

Timetravel,amajortopicofsciencefiction,isoftendiscussed.H.G.Wells91895novelTheTimeMachine

posestheenduringquestionofwhethermovingbackwardandforwardintimeispossible.Thesequotesfrom

sciencefictionhighlightourtroubledrelationshipwithtimeandencourageustothinkmoredeeplyaboutitsreality.

8.Whatistheoveralltoneofthetext?

A.Inquiring.B.Pessimistic.C.Persuasive.D.Definitive.

9.Whatcanbelearnedabouttimefromparagraph2?

A.Timeiseasytounderstandbuthasacomplexnatureinscience.

B.Timeisacommonconceptindailylifewellcorrespondingwithscientificreality.

C.Dailyexperiencesoftengoagainstscientificunderstandingsoftime.

D.Quantumphysicshasnoimpactonourunderstandingoftime.

10.WhatdoesStephenBaxter'sTheTimeShipsemphasize?

A.Timeasacompanionwhoremindsustocherisheverymoment.

B.Theinsignificanceofhumansuccessesinthelonghistoryoftime.

C.Thepossibilitytomovebackwardandforwardintimeatwill.

D.Afalsebeliefduetoourcomprehensionoftime'sflow.

11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Thehistoryoftimeandfamousquotesinsciencefiction.

B.Thedefinitionoftimeinscientifictermsandtimetravel.

C.Therelationshipbetweentimeanddailylife.

D.Thescienceoftimeanditsexplorationinsciencefiction.

Passage（6）

【華中師范大學第一附屬中學2024-2025學年高三下學期開學】Awaveofstartupssayseaweedisa

solutiontoclimatechange-abletoabsorbatmosphericcarbon,providerawmaterialsforbiofuels,andfeedthe

world-nofertilizers（化月巴），freshwater,orevenlandrequired.RunningTide,aMaine-basedcompany,isworking

onasystemthatwilleventuallysinkthebuoys（浮標），attachedwithlonglocksofseaweed,tothedeepoceanfloor,

wherethecarbontheycontainwillremainstoredfor800yearsormore.

RunningTidewasfoundedbyMartyOdlin,anengineerandfourth-generationcommercialfisherman.The

GulfofMaineiswarmingfasterthannearlyeveryotheroceanicregion,andOdlinhasseenthechangesfirsthand.

About15yearsago,OdlinheardatalkfromKlausLackner-thephysicistwhopopularisedtheideaofremoving

carbonfromtheatmosphere.Itclicked.caItwaslike,oh,thisisrightbecausethere?snowaywe'regoingtoget

offfossil(化石的)fuelsinthenext50years,“herecallsthinking."We'regoingtohavetopullitdown.^^

Usingseaweedtodrawdowncarbonwouldbeanelegantsolution-ifitworks.Seaweedforestscollectively

coveranestimatedtwomillionsquarekilometersandabsorbasmuchcarbonastheAmazonrainforest.Butmuch

ofthatstorageisshort-lived.Whentheseaweedisharvested,eatenbyanimals,orwashesashore,itsstoredcarbon

isreleasedbackintotheatmosphere.RunningTide'smodel,intheoryatleast,wouldtakethatstoredcarbonand

sinkittotheoceanfloorwhereitwouldremainforcenturies,breakingdownslowly.

Somescientistsarecarefulabou