選詞填空考點揭秘

01專題網絡?思維腦圖

02考情分析?解密高考

03高頻考點?以考定法

04核心素養?微專題

05創新好題?分層練

K專題網絡.思維腦圖

弋事

，解題技巧判麗客/藪。

比笳、邏輯關系

一

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2

?近年高考選詞文章分析

令選詞填空題文體以說明文為主

令題材內容以科普文為主，但內容各不相同，覆蓋人文、健康、科技、氣候、概念等方方面面。

?近年高考選詞詞匯分析

2014年

A.alertB.classifyC.commitD.delicatelyE.gentleF.impose

G.labelsH.moderationI.relieveJ.signalsK.simply

2015年

A.accessB.alternativesC.designedD.confirmedE.conflicting

F.elementsG.functionH.innovativeI.prospectiveJ.separateK.

supporting

2016年

A.accountB.adjustableC.appliancesD.captureE.decorationsF.direct

G.experimentH.intendedI.operatedJ.soullessK.squeeze

2017年春考

A.acknowledgementB.actuallyC.commonlyD.confirmE.conscious

F.crackG.eliminateH.independentI.logJ.shortcut]4?unimaginative

2017年秋考

A.aggressivelyB.challengingC.considerableD.establishedE.favor

F.initiatedG.locallyH.prioritizingI.sourceJ.transferredK.volume

2018年春考

A.addressB.fascinationC.governedD.imposingE.offensiveF.originally

G.overlookingH.rebellionLreminderJ.randomlyK.swept

2018年秋考

A.committedB.comparedC.contactD.delegationE.destructive

F.humbleG.negotiateH.respelledI.similarJ.superiorsK.witnessed

令主要考察實詞，為名詞，動詞，形容詞，副詞；

令動詞是考察重點，尤其是動詞的分詞變形為主；所以動詞時語態與非謂語是高中語法學習的重點。

令名詞與形容詞為次重點，每年都有考察；對于名詞與形容詞在句中所起作用與相互修飾須要學生熟練

掌握。

令副詞考察較少，難度不大。它在句中的位置靈活，功能強大。

令每年都會考察考綱詞匯的派生詞，如標粗處。要注意積累派生詞。

03高頻考點?以考定法I

題型特點：

?選詞填空中的設空比較均勻，基本覆蓋全文。

?語篇第一句一般是對全文的概括或提示，為確保其完整性，且有助于學生對文章內容的理解，通常不設

空。

?詞匯考查點分配合理，相互干擾。

?該部分注重考查詞匯的詞義（meaning）及其使用（use）。近幾年高考尤其注重考查詞匯的隱含意思、

詞語的搭配、意義關聯及貼切性。一詞多義和一詞多性往往是考查難點。

?近義詞或同義詞的辨析不列入考查范圍。

?選項中的詞匯都為考綱詞匯，或加上前綴、后綴而成的衍生詞匯。

詞性考察考點分析做題技巧

1、主要考察名詞作主語和賓語1、先判斷方框單詞的詞性

名詞

2、注意名詞也可作前置定語詞義，注意一詞多性和一詞

do/does形式:多義。

1、句子缺少一個謂語動詞，可根據“謂語動詞數=連詞數+1”2、精讀第一句，掌握文章

動詞

規則判斷主題。

2、注意三單和動詞及物不及物3、根據語法知識確定被填

doing形式:入空格詞的詞性，縮小范

1、可能是動名詞、現在分詞和進行時態圍。

2、動名詞主要考察作主語、賓語4、根據文章理解確定答案。

3、現在分詞主要考察作表語、定語、狀語、賓補，注意分5、仔細檢查，最終敲定答

詞短語作后置定語情況案。

done形式:

1、可能是謂語動詞過去式、被動語態及過去分詞

2、若空格前有be動詞，要根據句意判斷是被動還是表狀

態的過去分詞

3、過去分詞主要考察作表語、定語、狀語、賓補，注意分

詞短語作后置定語情況，注意單個過去分詞作后置定語的

情況，如：left,saved,remained,gained等

形容詞單個形容詞作前置定語，形容詞短語作后置定語

副詞句子結構完整時用副詞，位置可放句首，句中，句末

??高考解密＜＜

＞考點一：熟詞生義

A.addressB.fascinationC.governedD.imposingE.offensiveF.originally

G.overlookingH.rebellionLreminderJ.randomlyK.swept

Notlimitedtomilitarypurposes,castlesalsoservedasofficesfromwhichthelordwouldadministercontrol

overhisfiefdom.Thatistosay,thelordofthelandwouldholdcourtinhiscastle.Thosethatweresociallybeneath

thelordwouldcometoreporttheaffairsofthelandsthatthey___37___andpaytributetothelord.Theywould

—38—disputes,handlebusiness,feast,andenjoyfestivities.Inthiswaycastlesservedasimportantsocial

centersinmedievalEngland.（2018上海春考）

【答案】38.A

［解析］動詞并列表示一系列連貫的動作，前后時態一致。addressv.”處理；解決”。addressdisputes解決糾紛。

A.competitorsB.philosophyC.properlyD.maximizeE.enthusiasticF.candidate

G.JnirrorsH.backgroundI.extremelyJ.conductedK.cultural

Youneedtocommunicateinawaythat38theircompanystandards;thiswillshowthatyoucanfitinthat

organization.（2017上海春考模擬卷）

【答案】38.G

［解析］句意：你需要以一種反映他們公司標準的方式進行溝通；這將表明你能夠融入那個組織。此處mirror

用作動詞，“照射”，“反映”。熟詞生義。

>考點二：一詞多性

Thesedemandsmustalsobebalancedwiththeneedtocreateinteriors(內飾)thatinsomewayenhance,

establishorpromoteacompany'simageandwillenableemployeesto49attheirbest.

A.accessB.alternativesC.designedD.confirmedE.conflicting

F.elementsG.functionH.innovativeLprospectiveJ.separateK.supporting

【答案】G

【解析】本句意為“這種要求要注意均衡內飾的需要和使得員工起到最好的作用，內飾在一定程度上，可以

加強，建立或促進公司的形象。''結合搭配enablesbtodosth可以知道空格填動詞形式，而且是原形。需注

意function可以做名詞（“功能”），也可做不及物動詞動詞用（“起作用”）。

>考點三：構詞法知識（派生/轉化/合成/綴合）

（2016上海高考）

A.accountB.C.appliancesDcaptureE.decorationsF.direct

G.experimentH.intendedI.operatedJ.soullessK.squeeze

Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,the

resultis_43_design.

Forexample,thinkofa(n)_47desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheat

ofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.

【解析】以上兩空均所填入單詞均涉及到構詞法知識。

43.J形容詞soulless沒有靈魂的；該詞在本句中做定語修飾名詞designo根據前半句"TheAmerican-born

architectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly...”可知美國建筑家RobertVenturi總結過,如果

簡約沒有做好，那么這樣的設計就是沒有靈魂的；

47.B形容詞adjustable可調節的；本句中該詞作為定語修飾名詞desklamp,意為“可調節的臺燈”，與后句

中“regularadjustmentsbytheuser”形成呼應。

（2017黃埔一模）

A.administeredB.assessC.evaluatingD.externallyE.improperlyElife-threatening

G.measuresH.originalI.preexistingJ.principlesK.vital

Next,—(assess)thescene,askingotherpeopleortheinjuredperson'sfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsof

theinjuryorillness,anycarethatmayhavealreadybeengiven,andpreexistingconditionssuchasheart

trouble.Unlesstheaccidentscenebecomesunsafeorthevictimmaysufferfurtherinjury,donotmovethevictim.

Firstaidrequiresrapidassessmentofvictimstodeterminewhetherlife-threateningconditionsexist.

【解析】以上2空考查了構詞法知識，分別是構詞法中前綴與合成。preexisting意思為“以前存在的”；

life-threatening意思為“威脅生命的”。

＞考點四：固定搭配

在選詞填空中，約定俗成的固定搭配不是很多，但對固定搭配的理解很常見。此外，非常重要的一點是注

意小品詞，即我們通常所說的to,in,on,at,from等等,某種程度上能給我們選擇的提示。如：

l).Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto___thesensorysideofournature-sight,smell,touchandtaste,

(account)(2016上海高考)

2).Sinceyoureallyyourselftoahealthierlifestyle,alittlehelpwouldcomeinhandy,wouldn'tit?

(commit)(2014上海高考)

3).TheBritishandSwedishgovernmentshaveintroducedaso-called"trafficlightsystem"tofoodsashealthy

orunhealthy.(2014上海高考)

【解析】以上均考察詞匯固定搭配。takeintoaccount意思為“把...考慮在內commitoneselfto”使自己

致力于做”；“使自己承擔于......classify...as“將......分類或劃分”。

4

04核心素養?微專題

-Step1.判斷選項單詞詞性-

以下，是常見單詞詞性判斷中遇到的單詞類別：

1、一詞多性

即考綱中遇到的多詞性詞，詳細不多作展開。

2、動詞變型

碰到這一類的單詞，我們需要注意：~ing形式的單詞不僅可以充當動詞，還可充當名詞、形容詞:~ed形

式的單詞除了充當動詞外還可以充當形容詞。

3、生詞（詞綴判斷法）

■名詞后綴:-y/ty;-ism;-ness;-al..

?形容詞后綴：-able;-al;-ical;-ful;-ive;-ous..

?動詞后綴:-en;-ate;-ize;-ify..

?副詞后綴：-ward;-ly..

-Step2.判斷空格詞性-

技巧一、根據空格成分判斷

判斷空格是主語or謂語or賓語or定語or狀語

技巧二、根據前后單詞判斷

例如：一句句子之內只能有一個謂語動詞

-Step3.根據中文意思排除-

若還有剩余的選項未被排除讓你糾結的話，那恭喜你，這個空格在考察你的詞匯量。詞匯量是英語學習的

基石，在學習技巧之余千萬不能忘記背單詞呀~

-Step4.空格與選項對應

*選詞優先級排序

填名詞的空格：

優先考慮名詞，其次是可以用作名詞的動詞ing形式

填形容詞的空格：

優先考慮形容詞，其次是動詞ed或ing形式，最后考慮名詞活用作形容詞的情況

附：常用構詞法知識：

(1)、名詞后綴

1)-ster,-eer,-er(or)意為：從事某種職業或參與某種活動的人。

彳列詞：gamester,gangster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor

2)-let意為：小或者不重要的東西。例詞：booklet,leaflet,starlet

3)-ism意為：道義，主義，學說等。例詞：idealism,impressionism,racism

4)-ess意為：女性。例詞：actress,poetess,hostess

5)-hood意為：時期。例詞：boyhood,childhood,manhood

6)-ship意為：才能，狀態，資格，品質等。例詞：leadership,friendship,membership,sportsmanship

7)-ful意為：量。例詞：cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful

8)-tion,-ion意為：①斗失態，行動等。例J詞：action,oppression,possession,education,starvation

②機構等。例詞：organization,foundation

9)-ment意為：狀態，行動等。例詞：movement,enslavement,pavement

10)-al意為：動作。例詞：arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal

11)-age意為：程度，數量等。例詞：coverage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage

12)-ness;-ity(ty)意為：狀■態,品質。例詞;happiness,usefulness,selfishness,activity,sanity,changeability

(2)、動詞后綴

1)-ify意為：轉為，變為。例詞：beautify,simplify,classify

2)-ize;-en意為：使...,變得....。例詞：modernize,popularize,symbolize,ripen,widen,threaten

3)-ate意為:增加,使...o例詞：originate,initiate

(3)、形容詞后綴

1)-ful意為：充滿，有。例詞：useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful

2)-less意為：沒有，無。例詞：speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless

3)-ly意為：有...品質的。例詞：beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly

4)-like意為：像...的。例詞：childlike,tigerlike

5)-y;-ish意為：像...一徼的。例詞：sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish

6)-some意為：像...一羊的；引起....的；有....品質的。例詞：troublesome,tiresome,bothersome

7)-able(ible)意為：能..的；可以....的。例詞：changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible

8)-ed意為：有...的。例詞：wooded,pointed,odd-shaped

9)-al意為：有...屬性的，....類型的。例詞：cultural,personal,regional,musical

10)-ary(ory)意為：屬于...的，與....相連的。例詞：revolutionary,imaginary

11)-ous意為：富含...的;有....品質的；像....的。例詞：glorious,gracious

12)-ic(ical)意為：...類的;屬于....的。例詞：historic,historical,dramatic,heroic

13)-ive意為：有..屬性的;有某種傾向的。例詞：talkative,restrictive,defensive,constructive,sensitive

(4)、副詞后綴

1)-ly意為：以...方式。例詞：happily,attentively,strangely

2)-ward(s)意為：表示方式或動作的方向。例詞：backward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)

3)-wise意為：①按照...方式。例詞：crabwise,clockwise

②就...而言。例詞：weatherwise,educationwise

選詞填空解題步驟

第一步：通讀全文readthrough

選詞填空要先了解文章大意，帶著文章脈絡去找選項。所以，務必先沉著地把文章讀一遍，尤其注意gap前

后的位置，為尋找正確選項打下鋪墊。選詞填空短文的第一句對全文的內容有概括提示作用，所以一定要

認真看懂第一句，而且反復出現的詞也是幫助考生掌握文章大致內容的重要線索。

第二步：整理選項classifytheoptions

整理選項。大概花費1分鐘，即辨別每個單詞詞性。分別標出備選項的詞性，比如在名詞旁標注n.,在動

詞旁寫上v.,形容詞旁標注adj.,副詞旁寫上adv.等。

第三步：選詞填空fillinthegaps

我們在選擇時，根據所掌握的英語語法規則來初步確定每個空應填詞匯的詞性，縮小選擇范圍。然后，根

據上下文的內在邏輯含義選擇合適的選項填空。

第四步：復讀全文，謹慎調整

填空完成后，再次復讀全文，自我感覺上下文是否通順、內在邏輯關系是否連貫。如有問題，也需要謹慎

的微作調整。

學生可能遇到的問題

1.不理解長難句

Allrainforestssharecertain___41___features,includingaclosedcanopy,thedensevegetationofthetop

branchesthatformsaroofabovetheforestfloor,adampandwarmclimate,and___42___constanttemperatures

throughouttheyear.（2016長寧二模）

A.countlessB.exhaustedC.comparisonD.essentialE.estimatesF.distinctive

G.relativelyH.clearedI.unfortunatelyJ.recycledK.restricts

2、不認識派生詞

Well-designedofficespaceshelpcreateacorporation'simage.Theymotivateworkersandtheymakeanimpression

onpeoplewhovisitandmightbepotential,or41customers.Theymakebusinessworkbetter,andtheyarea

partofthecorporateculturetolivein.（2016鬲考）

A.accessB.alternativesC.designedD.confirmedE.conflicting

F.elementsG.functionH.innovativeI.prospectiveJ.separateK.supporting

Next,accessthescene,askingotherpeopleortheinjuredperson'sfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsoftheinjuryor

illness,anycarethatmayhavealreadybeengiven,and___37___conditionssuchashearttrouble.Unlessthe

accidentscenebecomesunsafeorthevictimmaysufferfurtherinjury,donotmovethevictim.

（2017黃埔一模）

A.administeredB.assessC.evaluatingD.externallyE.improperlyF.life-threatening

G.measuresH.originalI.preexistingJ.principlesK.vital

3、熟詞生義未掌握

Youneedtocommunicateinawaythat38theircompanystandards;thiswillshowthatyoucanfitinthat

organization.（2017春考模擬卷）

A.competitorsB.philosophyC.properlyD.maximizeE.enthusiasticF.candidate

G.mirrorsH.backgroundI.extremelyJ.conductedK.cultural

4、詞匯量不足

Beforesciencebecameprofessionalizedinthe19thcentury,—(31)—naturalistswerecollectinginformationand

helpingusunderstandthenaturalworld.A2009studyfoundthatnearly50%ofUK—(32)—feedwildbirds.The

NationalTrusthasmorethan5millionmembers,and60,000activevolunteershelpingtoprotectthecountrysideas

wellashistoric—(33)—.Now,withourenvironmentarguablyundergreaterthreatthaneverandspeciesdeclining

ata(n)—(34)—rate,volunteersareonceagainattheforefrontofeffortstolimitthedamage.(2018徐匯二模)

A.alarmingB.propertiesC.revealedD.invasiveE.rescueF.instrumental

G.householdsH.documentI.concernedJ.amateurK.initiatives

選詞填空學習建議

1.掌握詞匯的詞性多樣性特征；

2.了解詞綴知識，擴充詞匯量；

3.關注詞匯之間的常用搭配；

4.分析語篇內的邏輯關系；

5.提高自己分析復合句的語法技能;

6.多閱讀，注意積累總結；

創新好題?分層練

(2022,上海市復旦中學校考)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Each

wordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.defensivelyB.exitedC.initiativelyD.landscapeE.respondF.thought

G.toweredH.unaffectedI.uninhabitedJ.welcomingK.winding

Dangerinthedesert

ThatdayweweredeepinChile9sAtacamaDesert.Therethe1couldoftenbecomparedtoMars.

Ourteamoffourfemalemicrobiologistswatchedasacarfullofcuriousmenpulledupbesideus.Becausewewere

strangersina(n)2place,ourmindsimmediatelyjumpedtowayswecouldprotectourselves.So,

3,ourChileanfellowguideliftedthestrongtoolshe'dbeenusingtodigupplantroots.Therestofus

triedtolookbraverthanwefelt.

WehadcometothisdeserttoconductDNAstudiesongianthorsetailsthatsomehowgrowwellinoneof

Earth'sdriestplaces.Weweresearchingforplantsinthemostremotelocations,wheretheywouldbe4

byhumanactivitiessuchasminingandagriculture.

We'dbeenwarnedthatthetripcouldbedangerous.Becauseweweretravelingsofarfromfuelsources,we

weretoldtotakealongacanofgas.Ourdestinationwasattheendofa(n)5single-lanedirtroadlined

withburned-outvehiclesthathadnotsuccessfullynegotiatedthesteepdownslope.Oursamplesitewasneara

village,andthepeoplemightnot,weweretold,6positivelytous.Wewereinstructedtoreportourtravel

plansatthenearestpolicestationsothatsearchpartieswouldknowwheretolookforusifwedisappeared.

Wehadfoundtheamazingplantsandtheirbrightgreenstocks7overourheads.Theyarousedthe

8ofancientwetlandplants.Themenapproachedaswefinishedcollectingoursamples.Wewaited

tenselyasaman9thecarandwalkedtowardus.Tooursurpriseandrelief,hepolitelyinvitedustovisit

theirvillage-theywantedtoshowusalovelychurchofwhichtheywereproud.Thatday,welearnedaboutmore

thanthemicrobiomesthathelpdesertplantsgrowwell.Wealsometa(n)10communitywhohad

likewisebeautifullyadaptedtotheirchallenginghome.

(2022秋?上海浦東華師大二附中高三校考)Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthe

box.Bachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.stimulatingB.passionateC.capacityD.associatedE.deliberately

F.resoluteG.satisfyingH.sweatI.breedsJ.registersK.subjected

Findyourhappyplace:Howtooutsmart(智月生)stresslfyourealltoofamiliarwiththephysicalsenseofbeing

stressed,itmaybetimetomakesomechanges.Overtime,thiscannegativelyaffectyourbody,leadingtofatigue

andheadaches.Hereareafewwaysthatresearchsuggestscanhelpyoukeepcalmandcarryon.

Workupa___11___.

Whenwe'restressed,thepartofourbrainthat___12___fearlightsuplikeafireworksdisplay.Regular

exercisecanprovidea（n）13releaseforfrustrationandothernegativefeelings.

Itmayreducestresshormones,anditcantrigger（激發）yourbodytoreleasefeel-goodchemicalsthatcanhelp

boostyourmood.

Bedecisive

Wefacedozensofchoiceseveryday,andeachoftheminvolvesourmental14andrequiresusto

makeadecision.Itturnsoutthatbeinggoodatmakingdecisionsmaybegoodforourhealtii.Researchshowsthat

decisivepeoplemayhavelowerlevelsofthestresshormonecortisol（皮質醇）thanpoordecision-makers.Wantto

bemore___15___?Simplifyyourdecisionsbyfocusingonfacts,soyouunderstandwhat'sreallyatstake.Reframe

problemsasopportunities

Bottlingupyourfeelings___16___anxiety.

Thenexttimeyou'resweatingsomething,pauseandaskyourself:Whatarethepositives?

HowcanIlookatthisasa（n）17challengeratherthanaproblem?Changingthewayyoulodeata

situationcanhelpyourespondalessstressfulway.

Seeeveryglassasatleasthalffull

Areyouapessimist?.Chancesareyoucanchangeyouroutlookthroughyourexperiences.Thebeststrategyis

to18avoidotherpessimists,andsurroundyourselfwithoptimistswhosepositivevibesareinfectious/Ifs

alsoimportanttofeelasifyouhaveapurposeeveryday-whetherthatcomesfromyourwork,familyandfriends

oranactivity.Havingsomethingthatyou're19about,andachievinggoals20withit,canhelp

manypeoplehaveamoreoptimisticoutlook.

（2023?上海市復興高級中學校考模擬預測）Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthe

box.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.characteristicB.blameC.slaveD.AcceptingE.orientedF.remaining

G.properlyH.behaviorsI.surpriseJ.resistK.consistently

AnAmericanresearcherwhostudied600millionairesfoundhowrichyoucangetcomesdownto6"wealth

factors64.Shefoundthatsixbehaviorsarerelatedtonetworthpotential,regardlessofageorincome.Thesewere

thriftiness,confidence,responsibility,planning,focusandsocialindifference.Beingthriftycomesasno

great21/'Spendingaboveyourmeans,spendinginsteadofsavingforretirement,spendinginanticipation

ofbecomingwealthymakesyoua22tothepaycheck,evenwithanastronomicallevelofincome,9,she

wrote.Toproperlybuildwealth,expertsrecommendsaving20%yourincomeandlivingoffthe2380%.

Havingconfidenceisanotherkey24,asithelpspeopletobethrifty.Ittakesconfidencetolivewithin

yourmeans.Italsotakesconfidencetoinvest25.Insteadofmakinginvestingdecisionswithyour

emotions,financialplannersadvisethatyoushouldleaveyourinvestmentsaloneandfocusonalong-term

investmentplan.

Butpeoplecan'tinvest—ormanagetheirownmoney—without26responsibilityfortheoutcomes.

Manymillionairestakeonpersonalresponsibility—andmostalsohappentobeself-made,meaningtheydidn't

acquiretheirwealththroughluck.Millionairesdon'tcountonanyoneelsetomakethemrich,andthey

don't27anyoneelseiftheyfallshort.Theyfocusonthingstheycancontrolandaligntheirdailyhabitsto

thegoalstheyhavesetforthemselves.Theytendtobegoal-28andhardworkers,whichenablesthemto

planfinanciallyandfocusonseeingthoseplansthrough.92%ofthemillionairessurveyeddevelopedalong-term

planfortheirmoney,and97%almostalwaysachievedthegoalstheysetforthemselves.

Anditisthese29thatmakeiteasyforthemtobesociallyindifferent.They30lifestyle

creep,thetendencytospendmorewheneveroneearnsmore.Essentially,theydon'tyieldtopressuretobuythe

latestthingortokeepupwithothersorwhattheyhaveacquired.Insteadofbeingfocusedonwhatmightmake

themhappytoday,they'refocusedontheirlong-termwealth-buildingplan.

（2023?上海格致中學?高三專題練習）

A.environmentB.necessarilyC.allowedD.cheatedE.international

F.admittedG.hardlyH.necessaryI.joyJ.communicationK.difficulty

Afriendofmineonceaskedme:"WhyshouldaChinesetaketimetolearnalanguagethatisnothisown?”

Obviouslyhehas___31___inlearningaforeignlanguage.HeisnottheonlyonewhoismentallyagainstEnglish

learning.Onereason,asIsuspect,isthewayEnglishistaught.Theemphasisonmemorizationissuchthatno

___32___isleftintheprocessoflearning,onlyendlessannoyance.Whatstudentsarepresentedintheclassroomis

notthelanguageinreal-world___33___.AChinesestudentwithextremelyhighscoresforAmericanstandardized

testswas___34___intooneofthemostfamousuniversities.Buthisprofessorssoonfoundoutthathe

could___35___understandthelesson.Suspectingthathe___36___inthetests,theschooldemandedherepeatthem.

Again,hepassedwithhighscores.Nottillthendidtheyrealizethatthestudenthadmasteredthetechniquesfor

dealingwiththetests,not___37___theskillsofusingthelanguage.ManypeopletakeTOFEL,IELTS,GRE,annual

Band4andBand6examsnotbecausetheyworkinareaswhereEnglishisa（n）38tool,butbecausethey

havetodoitforjobpromotionorenrolmentincertainprograms.

MustEnglishlearningbesuchapainintheneck?

Createa（n）___39___wherelearningEnglishisnaturalandpainless.Don'tmakeitcompulsoryforpeople

whoseworkormajordoesnotrequireit.Chinawillnotbecomemore40byaddingmillionsofpeople

whocanonlysayasimple“Hello”.

（2023?上海中學校考模擬預測）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Each

wordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.contributorsB.describingC.distinctD.favoritesE.invitationsF.limits

G.nameH.pleasurableLrecallJ.unexploredK.useful

Theuniquejoyoflearningnewwords

Withallthafshappeninginthenews,lifecanfeellikeanexerciseindeterminingtheparticularkindofbadwe

areexperiencing.Areweanxiousordepressed?Lonelyorstressed?

TimLomas,aseniorlecturerinpositivepsychologyattheUniversityofEastLondon,isengagedinthe

oppositeeffort:analyzingallthetypesofwell-beingthathecanfind.Specifically,Lomasisseekingtouncover

psychologicalinsightsbycollectinguntranslatablewordsthatdescribe41feelingswedon'thaveterms

forinEnglish.t4Ifsalmostlikeeachoneisawindowontoanewlandscape,9,Lomassays.Sofar,withthehelpof

many42hehascollectednearly1,000inwhathecallsa"'positivelexicography（詞典學）

Peoplearefascinatedwithuntranslatablewordsinpartbecausetheyare43:Howelsecouldwetalk

toeachotherabouttheguiltypleasureofschadenfreude?ButLomasalsoseesthemasameansofshowingus"new

possibilitiesfbrwaysofliving,describingthemas44forpeopletoexperiencehappyphenomenathat

maypreviouslyhavebeen"hiddenfromthem^^ortotakedelightinfeelingstheycouldn'tpreviously45.

ConsidertheJapaneseohanami,awordforgatheringwithotherstoappreciatelowers.

Linguists（語言學家）havelongarguedabouthowmuchthelanguagewespeak-partlydeterminedbyfactors

likegeographyandclimate-46thethoughtswearecapableofhavingortheactionswecantake."The

worldsinwhichdifferentsocietiesliveare47worlds,notmerelythesam