泉州市2025屆高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)（三）高三英語(yǔ)（試卷滿分：150分，考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生須在試題卷、答題卡規(guī)定的位置填寫自己的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名。考生應(yīng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名”與考生本人準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名是否一致。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束，考生須將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apainting.B.Aforest.C.Azoo.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Travelinginascenicspot.B.Discussingaweekendplan.C.Lookingforaparkingspace.3.WhatisTonygoingtodo?A.Takeavacation.B.Launchabusiness.C.Returntocollege.4.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toorderthemeal.B.Toappreciatetheservice.C.Toaddressabillingerror.5.Whenwillthespeakersvisitthemuseum?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthestudentsjoinin?A.Adramashow.B.Asportsevent.C.Atalentpetition.7.WhatdoesMr.Wilsonemphasise?A.Fixedlocation.B.Protectivemeasures.C.Flexiblearrangements.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howlonghasthewomanbeencollectingstamps?A.Fortwoyears.B.Sinceshewastwelve.C.Forovertenyears.9.Whatdoesthewomanexploreaboutthestampsshecollects?A.Theirfacevalue.B.Thestoriesbehindthem.C.Theirdesign.10.Whatstampsdoesthewomancollectnow?A.StampsaboutChinesestories.B.Stampsofforeignscenery.C.Stampsonenvironmentalprotection.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Guideandvisitor.B.Managerandemployee.C.Hostandguestspeaker.12.Whatisthepurposeofthe“GreenThumb”project?A.Togreencityspaces.B.Tobringneighborscloser.C.Toexploregardeningskills.13.Whatwillthe“GreenThumb”projectdonext?A.Engagemoremunities.B.Employecofriendlypolicies.C.Integrateworkshopsandclasses.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatcanweknowaboutSmartBuddyQ?A.Itfocusesonacademicfunction.BItprovidespersonalisedsupport.C.Itservesentertainmentpurposes.15.WhodevelopedSmartBuddyQ?A.Studentsoftheroboticsclub.B.Professionalengineers.C.Teachersattheschool.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheprogram?A.Doubtful.B.Indifferent.C.Impressed.17.Whatisthemandoing?A.Hostingasocialprogram.B.Introducingarobotproject.C.Presentingasciencecourse.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoesJamiedo?A.AParkourlearner.B.AParkourcoach.C.AParkourclubleader.19.WheredidJamieandhisgroupfirstdoParkour?A.Onaschoolplayground.B.Inagym.C.Inapark.20.WhichisthebestpartofdoingParkouraccordingtoJamie?A.Socialfunction.B.Entertainmentaspect.C.Coolcostume.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AScienceSummerProgramsLetyourinnerscientisteouttoplayandexplorethewondersofthenaturalworld:takepartinoneofthemanysciencesummerprogramsavailable.Theseprogramsandcamps,tailoredformiddleandhighschoolers,offeratreasurelistofpossibilitiesforlearningandadventure.Seekingaboostforyourcurrentscienceclasses?EagertocheckoutdifferentSTEMfields?There’saprogramforyou!Program1:WorldScholarsAcademyWorldScholarsAcademyprovidesliveonlinesummercoursesforstudentsfromages1218designedandtaughtbyworldleadinginstructorsfromestablisheduniversities.Exploreyourfuturecareerpathandaccelerateyoursuccesswithpersonalisedacademicguidanceandhighlevelinstructionfromtheworld’smostacplishededucators.Program2:STEM/MedicineProgramsatLeadingUniversitiesOutsetisaleading1weekprecollegeprogramattopuniversitiesfor9th12thgradersinterestedinSTEM,medicineandhealthcarecareers.Ifstudentsareinterestedinaphysicianorhealthcarecareer,Outsetmightbeagreatchoice.Wehelpstudentsbuildconfidenceandprepareforthepremedpath.Theyalsogettotryhandsonactivitiesandhearworldclassspeakersontheirhealthcareerinterest.Applyonlinetoday!Program3:TeachMeWallStreetWallStreet101+Investing&Trading+Budgeting&Beyond–3weekFinanceandLifeSkillsprogramforgrades912.100%virtualprogramperfectforstudentswithsummerjobs,thosewhocannottravelandthosewhowanttogetthemselvesupforfuturefinancialsuccess.Program4:PolygieneSummerResearchProgramYoursubject,yourschedule,yourproject.BeearesearcherwithoneononeguidancefromaPhDcandidatefromaTopUniversity.Polygieneresearchprogramsareavailableyearroundandareproventogivestudentstheultimateedgeincollegeadmissionsbyhelpingyoudemonstratewhoyouareandwhatyoucareabout.1.Whatdothefirsttwoprogramshaveinmon?A.Careerrelatedexploration. B.Careerplanningcourses.C.Offlineguidance. D.Handsonactivities.2.Whichprogrammostattractsastudentinterestedinfinance?A.Program1. B.Program2. C.Program3. D.Program4.3.WhatisafeatureofPolygieneSummerResearchProgram?A.Givensubjects. B.Fixedschedules.C.Individualisedinstruction. D.Admissionguarantee.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)面向中學(xué)生的科學(xué)暑期項(xiàng)目。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Program1部分中“Exploreyourfuturecareerpathandaccelerateyoursuccesswithpersonalisedacademicguidanceandhighlevelinstructionfromtheworld’smostacplishededucators.(在世界上最有成就的教育工作者的個(gè)性化學(xué)術(shù)指導(dǎo)和高水平教學(xué)下，探索你未來(lái)的職業(yè)道路，加速你的成功)”和Program2部分中“Ifstudentsareinterestedinaphysicianorhealthcarecareer,Outsetmightbeagreatchoice.Wehelpstudentsbuildconfidenceandprepareforthepremedpath.(如果學(xué)生對(duì)醫(yī)生或醫(yī)療保健職業(yè)感興趣，Outset可能是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。我們幫助學(xué)生建立信心，為醫(yī)學(xué)預(yù)科之路做準(zhǔn)備)”可知，這兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目都有與職業(yè)相關(guān)的探索。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Program3部分中“WallStreet101+Investing&Trading+Budgeting&Beyond–3weekFinanceandLifeSkillsprogramforgrades912.(華爾街101+投資與交易+預(yù)算及其他——面向9至12年級(jí)學(xué)生的為期三周的金融和生活技能項(xiàng)目)”可知，Program3是關(guān)于金融方面的項(xiàng)目，所以對(duì)金融感興趣的學(xué)生最可能被這個(gè)項(xiàng)目吸引。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Program4:PolygieneSummerResearchProgram部分中“BeearesearcherwithoneononeguidancefromaPhDcandidatefromaTopUniversity.(在頂尖大學(xué)的博士生的一對(duì)一指導(dǎo)下成為一名研究員)”可知，Polygiene暑期研究項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)是個(gè)性化指導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)。BWhenIwasfour,mygrandfathersuddenlygotlostinaparkoneday.ItwasthefirstinstancethatinformedusthathehadAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病).Overthepast12years,hisworseningconditionandhiswanderinghavebeenworryingus.Myauntstruggledtostayawakeatnighttowatchoverhim,butoftenfailed.Concernedaboutmyaunt’swellbeingandmygrandfather’ssafety,Isearchedwidelyforasolution,butinvain.Thentwoyearsago,whilelookingaftermygrandfather,Iwasimpressedbythemomentwhenhisfootlandedonthefloor.Whydon’tIputapressuresensoronthebottomofhisfoot?Oncehesteppedontothefloorandoutofthebed,thepressuresensorwoulddetectanincreaseinpressurecausedbybodyweightandthenwirelesslysendanalarmtothecaregiver’ssmartphone.Mydesiretocreateasensorbasedtechnologywasborn.Whenlayingoutmyplan,Ifacedthreemainchallenges.First,Ihadtocreateawearablesensor.Aftertestingdifferentmaterialslikerubber,whichwastoothick,Idecidedtoprintafilmsensorwithpressuresensitiveinkparticles(顆粒).Next,Ihadtodesignawearablewirelesscircuit.Thankfully,IwasabletofindoutabouttheBluetoothlowenergytechnology,whichproduceslittlepowerandcanbedrivenbyacoinsizedbattery.Lastly,Ilearnttocode(編碼)asmartphoneapptoturnthecaregiver’ssmartphoneintoaremotemonitor.Integratingtheseponents,Isuccessfullycreatedtwomodels:abuiltinsocksensorandareattachableone.Havingtesteditonmygrandfatherwith100%successindetectinghiswandering,IbetatesteditatCaliforniacarefacilitieslastsummer.Now,I’musingresponsefromteststoimproveitintoamarketableproduct.OnethingI’llneverforgetiswhenmydevicefirstcaughtmygrandfather’swanderingatnight.Atthatmoment,Iwasreallystruckbythepoweroftechnologytochangelivesforthebetter.4.Whatdrovetheauthortoseekasolution?A.HisknowledgeaboutAlzheimer’s. B.Theencouragementfromhisaunt.C.Hisworriesabouttreatingpatients. D.Thestruggleoftendinghisgrandfather.5.Whatisthepurposeofdetectingthepressureunderapatient’sfeet?A.Tomeasurehisweight. B.Tomonitorhismotion.C.Torecordhiswalkingpace. D.Toestimatehishealthstatus.6.Whydidtheauthorchooseaprintedfilmsensor?A.It’sthin. B.It’senergysaving.C.It’scoinsized. D.It’swireless.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?AProtectingWanderingLovedOnesB.HowTechnologyEmpowersLivesC.TheChallengesofAlzheimer’sDiseaseCareD.AFamily’sStrugglewithAlzheimer’sDisease【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的祖父患有阿爾茨海默病，家人照顧困難，作者為解決問題發(fā)明壓力傳感器設(shè)備監(jiān)測(cè)祖父行動(dòng)，以保障其安全。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthepast12years,hisworseningconditionandhiswanderinghavebeenworryingus.Myauntstruggledtostayawakeatnighttowatchoverhim,butoftenfailed.Concernedaboutmyaunt’swellbeingandmygrandfather’ssafety,Isearchedwidelyforasolution,butinvain.(在過(guò)去的12年里，他不斷惡化的病情和四處游蕩的行為一直讓我們擔(dān)憂。我姑姑晚上努力保持清醒照看他，但經(jīng)常做不到。出于對(duì)姑姑健康和祖父安全的擔(dān)憂，我四處尋找解決辦法，但都徒勞無(wú)功)”和第二段中“Thentwoyearsago,whilelookingaftermygrandfather,Iwasimpressedbythemomentwhenhisfootlandedonthefloor.Whydon’tIputapressuresensoronthebottomofhisfoot?(兩年前，在我照顧祖父的時(shí)候，他的腳著地的那一刻給我留下了深刻的印象。不如我在他腳底裝個(gè)壓力傳感器吧？)”可知，照顧祖父的艱難促使作者尋求解決辦法。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oncehesteppedontothefloorandoutofthebed,thepressuresensorwoulddetectanincreaseinpressurecausedbybodyweightandthenwirelesslysendanalarmtothecaregiver’ssmartphone.(一旦他下床踩到地板上，壓力傳感器就會(huì)檢測(cè)到體重造成的壓力增加，然后將警報(bào)無(wú)線發(fā)送到護(hù)理人員的智能上)”可知，檢測(cè)病人腳下壓力的目的是監(jiān)測(cè)他的行動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aftertestingdifferentmaterialslikerubber,whichwastoothick,Idecidedtoprintafilmsensorwithpressuresensitiveinkparticles(顆粒).(在測(cè)試了像橡膠這樣不同的材料后，發(fā)現(xiàn)橡膠太厚了，我決定用壓敏油墨顆粒打印一個(gè)薄膜傳感器)”可知，橡膠太厚了，所以作者選擇打印薄膜傳感器，因?yàn)樗鼙　９蔬xA項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Overthepast12years,hisworseningconditionandhiswanderinghavebeenworryingus.(在過(guò)去的12年里，他不斷惡化的病情和四處游蕩的行為一直讓我們擔(dān)憂)”以及第四段中“Havingtesteditonmygrandfatherwith100%successindetectinghiswandering(在我祖父身上測(cè)試時(shí)，它100%成功地檢測(cè)到了他的游蕩行為)”可知，文章主要圍繞作者為防止患有阿爾茨海默病的祖父走失，發(fā)明壓力傳感器設(shè)備來(lái)保障其安全的故事。故A項(xiàng)“ProtectingWanderingLovedOnes(保護(hù)四處游蕩的親人)”能概括文章主旨，最適合做標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CResearchersexploringthelightlesslandscapeofthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobservedhowoxygenisproducedonEarth.Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthatideaandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.TheresearchteaminScotland,believeoxygenisbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmaterialcalledpolymetallicnodules(多金屬結(jié)核),whichrangeinsizefromasmallparticletoaboutthedimensionsofapotato.Thesenodules—“effectivelybatteriesinarock,”Sweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygeninaprocesscalledseawaterelectrolysis(電解).Researchersconductedtestsontheseafloorandalsocollectedsamplestotestaboveground,andtheycameupwiththesameresult:thatoxygenlevelsincreasednearthepolymetallicnodules.Seawatercanbesplitintohydrogenandoxygenwith1.5volts(伏特)ofelectricity,whichistheamountinanAAbattery.Researchersfoundthatsomeofthenodulespossessedasmuchas0.95voltsofelectricity,andmultiplenodulestogetherproducedenoughvoltages.Polymetallicnodulescontainmetalssuchasmanganese,nickelandcobalt,whichcanbeusedtomakethelithiumionbatteriesusedinconsumerelectronics,appliancesandelectricvehicles.FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessor,saidthattheremaybeenoughpolymetallicnodulesinanareaofthePacificOceancalledtheClarionClippertonZonetomeetglobalenergydemandsfordecadesafter.Butminingwouldhavetobeconductedinawaythatdidnotremoveoxygenforlifeformsinthatzone.“Afewyearsago,ateamofmarine(海洋)biologistswentbacktothoseareasmined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereuntouched,plentyoflife.”8.Whyisthediscoverysignificant?A.Itcastsdoubtontheexistenceof“darkoxygen.”B.Itshakestheviewonthesourceofoxygen.C.Itshowstheprocessofphotosynthesis.D.Itdisplaystheoriginoflifeitself.9.Whatenablesseawaterelectrolysisinthedeepsea?A.Photosynthesis. B.Sunlightreachingtheseafloor.C.Polymetallicnodules. D.Chemicalreactionsinseawater.10.Whyarethenodulesinspotlights?A.Todescribethemechanisminsplittingseawater.B.TodemonstratehowpowerfulAAbatteriesare.C.Tostressthepracticalityofelectricitygeneration.D.Toexplainwhymoreoxygenexistsnearthenodules.11.WhatcanweinferfromGeiger’swords?A.Marineecologymustberespectedwhileminingnodules.B.TheClarionClippertonZonehasnolifeduetomining.C.Marinebiologistsopposeminingintheocean.D.Miningnodulesisbeneficialformarinelife.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了多金屬結(jié)核在深海產(chǎn)生氧氣的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthatideaandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.(直到現(xiàn)在，人們一直認(rèn)為氧氣僅通過(guò)光合作用產(chǎn)生，而光合作用是一個(gè)需要陽(yáng)光的過(guò)程。但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓這種觀點(diǎn)受到質(zhì)疑，同時(shí)也引發(fā)了有關(guān)生命起源本身的新問題。)”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要意義是對(duì)氧氣的來(lái)源這一觀點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生了懷疑，動(dòng)搖了關(guān)于氧氣來(lái)源的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“TheresearchteaminScotland,believeoxygenisbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmaterialcalledpolymetallicnodules(多金屬結(jié)核),whichrangeinsizefromasmallparticletoaboutthedimensionsofapotato.(蘇格蘭的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，氧氣是由一種名為多金屬結(jié)核的帶電物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的，這些多金屬結(jié)核的大小不一，小的如同微小的顆粒，大的則和土豆的尺寸差不多。)”和第四段“Thesenodules—“effectivelybatteriesinarock,”Sweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygeninaprocesscalledseawaterelectrolysis(電解).(Sweetman說(shuō)，這些結(jié)核“實(shí)際上就是巖石中的電池”，它們可能利用自身的電荷，通過(guò)一種叫做海水電解的過(guò)程，將海水分解成氫氣和氧氣。)”可知，深海中的海水電解是由多金屬結(jié)核實(shí)現(xiàn)的。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段“Researchersconductedtestsontheseafloorandalsocollectedsamplestotestaboveground,andtheycameupwiththesameresult:thatoxygenlevelsincreasednearthepolymetallicnodules.(研究人員在海底進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，并收集了樣品在地面上進(jìn)行測(cè)試，他們得出了相同的結(jié)果：多金屬結(jié)核附近的氧氣水平增加了。)”可知，對(duì)結(jié)核的關(guān)注是為了解釋為什么結(jié)核附近的氧氣更多。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中““Afewyearsago,ateamofmarine(海洋)biologistswentbacktothoseareasmined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereuntouched,plentyoflife.”(Geiger說(shuō)：“幾年前，一組海洋生物學(xué)家回到了40年前曾被開采過(guò)的區(qū)域，發(fā)現(xiàn)那里基本上沒有生命存在。而在距離該區(qū)域左右?guī)装倜椎牡胤剑嘟饘俳Y(jié)核未被開采過(guò)，那里卻有著豐富的生命。”)”可知，在被開采過(guò)的地區(qū)幾乎沒有生命，而在結(jié)核未被開采過(guò)的地區(qū)有很多生命，由此可推斷出在開采結(jié)核時(shí)必須尊重海洋生態(tài)。故選A。DWetendtothinkoflargecitiesasmeltingpots—placeswherepeoplefromallsortsofbackgroundscanassociateandinteract.Butaccordingtoanewresearch,peopleinbigcitiestendtoprimarilyinteractwithotherindividualsinthesamesocioeconomiclevel,whilepeopleinsmallcitiesandruralareasaremuchmorelikelytohavediverseinteractions.AteamofresearchersledbyStanfordUniversityusedGPSdatacollectedfrom9.6millioncellphonesintheUnitedStatestodeterminehowoftenpeopleofdifferentsocioeconomicstatusescrossedpathsduringtheday.Afterinferringeachperson’ssocioeconomicstatusfromestimatedrentalpricesonahousingmarketingwebsite,theresearcherscountedpotentialinteractionsbetweenusersoverthecourseoftheday—timeswheretwocellphoneshadGPSpings(定位儀)within50metersofeachotherwithinafiveminutewindow.Theycollecteddataonalmost1.6billionpathcrossings.Theresearchersfoundaclearpatternthathasbeenmissedbysimilarstudiesinthepast:largecitiescontributedtosocioeconomicsegregation.“Thatseemslikeanunexpectedobservation,”saidJureLeskovec,aprofessoroftheteam.“Butthereisalargevarietyofchoicesinbigcities.InNewYork,youcanspend$10or$1,000onadinner,whileifyouliveinaplacewithonlyonerestaurant,everyonegoesthere,richorpoor.Thatseemstobethemainmechanismforsegregation.”Thegoodnewsis,therearewaystobuildcitiestohavemoresocioeconomicmixing.Lookingatlargecities,theresearchersfoundthatthosethatplacedfrequentlyvisitedactivitycentresbetweendifferentneighborhoods—insteadofinthecentreofeachneighborhood—werelesslikelytocontributetosocioeconomicsegregation.“We’velongemphasisedresidentialintegration,butwenowhaveanewway,”saidGrusky,amemberoftheresearchteam.“Whennewshoppingcentresandotheractivitycentresareupforapproval,weneedtomakesurethey’relocatedinplacesthatwillpromotediversity.”12.Whatisthemainfindingofthestudy?A.Peopleinsmallcitieshavemorediverseinteractions.B.Peopleinlargecitiesaremorelikelytosegregate.C.Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytomixwithothers.D.Peopleindifferentsocioeconomicstatusesareequalincities.13.WhatdoesLeskovecthinkofthemainmechanismforsegregation?A.Itisunexpectedbutreasonable. B.Itisreasonablebutunacceptable.C.Itisacceptablebuthardtochange. D.Itishardtochangebutnecessary.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Therearemorechoicesinbigcities. B.Therearefewerchoicesinsmallcities.C.Therearemoreactivitycentresinbigcities. D.Therearefeweractivitycentresinsmallcities.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theimpactoftechnologyoncities. B.Theimpactofcitiesonsocioeconomicsegregation.C.Theimpactofsocioeconomicsegregationoncities. D.Theimpactofactivitycentresonsocioeconomicsegregation.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了斯坦福大學(xué)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)分析GPS數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)大城市中的人們更傾向于與相同社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的人交往，導(dǎo)致社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離，而小城市和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人們則更有可能進(jìn)行多樣化的互動(dòng)，還提出了通過(guò)城市規(guī)劃來(lái)促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)混合的建議。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theresearchersfoundaclearpatternthathasbeenmissedbysimilarstudiesinthepast:largecitiescontributedtosocioeconomicsegregation.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)過(guò)去類似研究中被忽略的明顯模式：大城市導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離。)”可知，大城市中的人們更傾向于進(jìn)行社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Thatseemslikeanunexpectedobservation,”saidJureLeskovec,aprofessoroftheteam.“Butthereisalargevarietyofchoicesinbigcities.InNewYork,youcanspend$10or$1,000onadinner,whileifyouliveinaplacewithonlyonerestaurant,everyonegoesthere,richorpoor.Thatseemstobethemainmechanismforsegregation.(“這似乎是一個(gè)出乎意料的觀察結(jié)果，”該團(tuán)隊(duì)的教授尤爾·列斯科維奇（JureLeskovec）說(shuō)。“但在大城市有很多選擇。在紐約，你可以花10美元或1000美元吃一頓晚餐，而如果你住在一個(gè)只有一家餐館的地方，無(wú)論貧富，每個(gè)人都去那里。這似乎是造成種族隔離的主要機(jī)制。”)”可知，Leskovec認(rèn)為隔離機(jī)制雖然意外但合理。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InNewYork,youcanspend$10or$1,000onadinner,whileifyouliveinaplacewithonlyonerestaurant,everyonegoesthere,richorpoor.(在紐約，你可以花10美元或1000美元吃一頓晚餐，而如果你住在一個(gè)只有一家餐廳的地方，每個(gè)人都會(huì)去那里，無(wú)論貧富。)”可知，大城市中有更多的選擇。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容，尤其是第三段“l(fā)argecitiescontributedtosocioeconomicsegregation.(大城市導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離。)”和第五段“Thegoodnewsis,therearewaystobuildcitiestohavemoresocioeconomicmixing.(好消息是，有一些方法可以建設(shè)城市以促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)混合。)”可知，文章主要講述的是城市對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離的影響。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IwaselevenyearsoldwhenIspottedmyneighbour,Julie,workinginhergarden.SheaskedmeifIwouldhelphercutbackthehedge(樹籬)overgrownoverthepathway.IagreedandmybrotherJoshalsocamealongtohelpus.WewheeledJulie’sgardenbin(垃圾桶)downtothehedge.___16___Wepostedphotosofourhandiworkon“OurMalmesbury”,ourlocalFacebookGroup.Themunityreactionwasamazing.Awheelchairuserwassogratefulthathedidn’thavetogoontotheroadanymoretopassthehedge.___17___Manypeopleraisedtheirhandstovolunteeranddomoretokeepourtowntidy.___18___Before,itlookedabitrundown,butnow,theplacelookscleanerandtidier.Residentsmenthowamazingtheroseslookwhentheyflowerandmaketheplacebrighter.Tokeeptheprojectsgoing,Imanagedtosortfundingthroughlocalbusinessesandassociations.Iusedawebsiteonlinethatlistsavailablegrants(補(bǔ)助).___19___SoJulieappliedonourbehalf.Thefundinghashelpedusobtaintrees,plantsandgardeningequipment.Whenwefirststarted,everythingwasdoneoutofmyparent’sgarage.Istartedwithnothing,justborrowingequipmentwealreadyhad.Butastimewenton,donationscameinfromthelocalmunity.___20___ItgotsobigthatwehadtomovethisalltoJulie’s.OurFacebookPagecurrentlysitsat669members.I’msopleasedthatsixyearslater,thecampaignisstillinfullswing.Ourmissionwon’tstop.A.Thewholetownwasinspiredtofollowourlead.B.WhenIfirsttriedtoapply,Iwasn’toflegalage.C.Allthreeofustackledawayatituntilwereducedit.D.Withmanywillinghands,ourtownhastransformed.E.IevenwonagranttofundtheplantingofQueenappletrees.F.Thiswasthebeginningofmanymunityprojectspletedbyvolunteers.G.Ourgaragegotfilledupsoquicklywithbrushes,gardeningtoolsandleafblowers.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和鄰居Julie及兄弟Josh修剪樹籬，激發(fā)社區(qū)參與，并通過(guò)申請(qǐng)補(bǔ)助推動(dòng)更多美化項(xiàng)目的經(jīng)歷。【16題詳解】由上文“IwaselevenyearsoldwhenIspottedmyneighbour,Julie,workinginhergarden.SheaskedmeifIwouldhelphercutbackthehedge(樹籬)overgrownoverthepathway.IagreedandmybrotherJoshalsocamealongtohelpus.WewheeledJulie’sgardenbin(垃圾桶)downtothehedge.(我11歲那年，看到鄰居朱莉在花園里干活。她問我是否愿意幫她修剪長(zhǎng)得高過(guò)了小路的樹籬。我答應(yīng)了，我哥哥喬希也來(lái)幫我們。我們把朱莉的垃圾桶推到樹籬旁。)”可知，上文描述的是作者和兄弟一起幫助鄰居修剪樹籬的情景。本空應(yīng)描述修剪樹籬的過(guò)程和結(jié)果。C選項(xiàng)“Allthreeofustackledawayatituntilwereducedit.(我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人一直在努力修剪，直到把它修剪好。)”能夠承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【17題詳解】由上文“Awheelchairuserwassogratefulthathedidn’thavetogoontotheroadanymoretopassthehedge.(一位輪椅使用者非常感激，因?yàn)樗槐卦谏下窌r(shí)繞過(guò)樹籬了。)”可知，上文講述的是修剪完樹籬給社區(qū)帶來(lái)的好處之一。本空應(yīng)繼續(xù)闡述修剪樹籬的影響，A選項(xiàng)“Thewholetownwasinspiredtofollowourlead.(整個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)都受到鼓舞，效仿我們的做法。)”能夠承接上文，說(shuō)明修剪樹籬的行為給整個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)帶來(lái)的影響，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【18題詳解】由下文“Before,itlookedabitrundown,butnow,theplacelookscleanerandtidier.(以前，這里看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)破舊，但現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)地方看起來(lái)更干凈、更整潔了。)”可知，下文講述的是小鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生的變化。本空應(yīng)概括小鎮(zhèn)的變化，D選項(xiàng)“Withmanywillinghands,ourtownhastransformed.(在許多樂于助人的幫助下，我們的小鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。)”能夠承接上文，說(shuō)明許多人的自愿參與給小鎮(zhèn)帶來(lái)的變化，同時(shí)引出下文小鎮(zhèn)變得更加整潔的具體描述，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【19題詳解】由上文“Iusedawebsiteonlinethatlistsavailablegrants(補(bǔ)助).(我使用了一個(gè)在線網(wǎng)站，上面列出了可用的補(bǔ)助。)”以及下文“SoJulieappliedonourbehalf.(所以朱莉代表我們申請(qǐng)了。)”可知，上文描述申請(qǐng)補(bǔ)助，下文描述別人代替申請(qǐng)，本空應(yīng)描述不能申請(qǐng)補(bǔ)助的原因。B選項(xiàng)“WhenIfirsttriedtoapply,Iwasn’toflegalage.(當(dāng)我第一次嘗試申請(qǐng)時(shí)，我還未到法定年齡。)”能解釋為什么是朱莉代表申請(qǐng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【20題詳解】由上文“Butastimewenton,donationscameinfromthelocalmunity.(但隨著時(shí)間的推移，來(lái)自當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的捐贈(zèng)陸續(xù)到來(lái)。)”以及下文“ItgotsobigthatwehadtomovethisalltoJulie’s.(東西變得如此之多，以至于我們不得不把所有這些搬到朱莉家去。)”可知，上文描述捐贈(zèng)陸續(xù)到來(lái)，下文描述不得不把所有這些搬到朱莉家去，本空應(yīng)描述捐贈(zèng)的東西過(guò)多放不下了。G選項(xiàng)“Ourgaragegotfilledupsoquicklywithbrushes,gardeningtoolsandleafblowers.(我們的車庫(kù)很快就被刷子、園藝工具和吹葉機(jī)填滿了。)”符合語(yǔ)境，描述了捐贈(zèng)的物品使車庫(kù)填滿，后來(lái)不得不搬到朱莉家。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthesummerof2024,CarolinewasdoingaDIYhomeproject.It___21___1,500poundsofgravel(礫石).Sosheheadedtoahomeimprovementstore,andstarted___22___hercar.“I’mloading,loading.Andthisoldermanesover,”Caroline___23___“Doyouknowthatyourcarhasa___24___limit?”Themanasked.Carolinedidnotknowthat.Whatnow?Shegot___25___!Thatwaswhenthemanmadeanofferofunusual___26___“Icanloadyouupinmytruck.”Withthis,hehelpedherunloadalltheheavygravelfromhercar.___27___heloadeditintohistruck.Shesharedher___28___,andtheyexchangednumbers.Whenthey____29____herhouse,themanhelpedherunloadall1,500poundsofgravelontoherdriveway.Shedidn’twanthimtoleave____30____tryingtoofferhimmoney,thenwine,buthepolitelyrefused.Thenshe____31____somethinghemightlike.“Doyoulikecucumbers(黃瓜)?”“Ilovecucumbers!”Hisface____32____litup.Carolineofferedhima____33____ofhergarden;itturnedouthe,too,hadbeenagardener.Shepickedahandfulofbigcucumbers,andgavethemtohim.____34____,hemarchedoffbacktohistruck.Today,____35____byherunsunghero,Carolinetriestobeonthelookoutforotherswhomightneedahand.21.A.required B.contained C.consumed D.produced22.A.gettingon B.checkingout C.fillingup D.drivingoff23.A.recalled B.announced C.declared D.responded24.A.fuel B.height C.speed D.weight25.A.relieved B.stuck C.impatient D.cross26.A.honesty B.bravery C.creativity D.generosity27.A.Nevertheless B.Otherwise C.Afterwards D.Meanwhile28.A.ideas B.gifts C.experience D.address29.A.spotted B.reached C.left D.approached30.A.speechless B.regretful C.emptyhanded D.heartbroken31.A.gaveaway B.handedout C.pickedup D.thoughtof32.A.instantly B.gradually C.briefly D.ultimately33.A.tour B.scene C.flower D.cucumber34.A.Upset B.Excited C.Curious D.Confused35.A.reminded B.pressed C.inspired D.supported【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.B26.D27.C28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為記敘文。文章講述了Caroline在做DIY家庭項(xiàng)目時(shí)得到一位陌生老人幫助的故事，老人幫她運(yùn)礫石，她以黃瓜相贈(zèng)，她深受感動(dòng)并決定幫助他人。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要1500磅的礫石。A.required需要；B.contained包含；C.consumed消耗；D.produced生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)前文“CarolinewasdoingaDIYhomeproject.”和后文“Sosheheadedtoahomeimprovementstore”可知，Caroline在DIY家居項(xiàng)目，結(jié)合常識(shí)，她去家裝店是為了購(gòu)買所以需要的礫石。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：于是她前往一家家裝店，開始往車?yán)镅b東西。A.gettingon上車；B.checkingout結(jié)賬離開；C.fillingup裝滿；D.drivingoff駕車離開。根據(jù)后文“I’mloading,loading”可知，她正在往車?yán)镅b礫石，也就是裝滿她的車。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：卡羅琳回憶道：“我往車上裝啊裝。這時(shí)一個(gè)老人走了過(guò)來(lái)。”A.recalled回憶；B.announced宣布；C.declared宣稱；D.responded回應(yīng)。文章是在講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，結(jié)合直接引語(yǔ)“I’mloading,loading.Andthisoldermanesover,”可知，Caroline回憶當(dāng)時(shí)的場(chǎng)景。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你知道你的車有載重限制嗎？”老人問道。A.fuel燃料；B.height高度；C.speed速度；D.weight重量。前文提到Caroline要裝1500磅礫石上車，結(jié)合老人的話中“yourcarhas”和“l(fā)imit”可推知，老人提醒Caroline車有載重限制。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在該怎么辦呢？她被難倒了！A.relieved寬慰的；B.stuck被難倒；C.impatient不耐煩的；D.cross生氣的。根據(jù)前文“Carolinedidnotknowthat.Whatnow?”可知，Caroline面臨不知道如何處理車超載的問題，被難倒了。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，老人提出了一個(gè)不同尋常的慷慨提議：“我可以用我的卡車幫你裝。”A.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)；B.bravery勇敢；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.generosity慷慨。根據(jù)后文“Icanloadyouupinmytruck.”可知，老人主動(dòng)提出用自己的卡車幫Caroline裝礫石，這種主動(dòng)幫忙的行為體現(xiàn)了他的慷慨。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句