第1頁/共1頁浦東新區2024學年度第二學期期中教學質量檢測高三英語試卷(考試時間：105分鐘滿分：115分)I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThepowerofthepenNumerousstudieshighlightthepsychologicalbenefitsofwriting.Forexample,researchersfoundthatparticipantswhoengagedinasix-weekprogramofexpressivewritingimprovedtheirmentaltoughness.Inanotherstudy,researchersanalyzedbrainscanstoseehowwritingaboutnegativeeventsaffectedthewaysuchevents____1____(process)andhandled.Theyconcludedthatexpressivewritingmightbeaneffectivetooltoaddressnegativeemotionsand____2____writingaboutapastfailurecouldimprovelearning.Lastyear,brainresearchersdemonstratedthatwritingbyhand____3____typingwithakeyboardpromotedmorecomplexbrainconnectivity,whichwascrucialformemoryformation.Thesefindingssuggestthattheprocessofwritingallowsyou____4____(clarify)thoughtsand“internalize”them,thusincreasingthebenefits.Tocultivatethehabitofwriting,trythetwotips.Writetopeopleyoulove.Whenyouwritewithyouraudienceinmind,yourelatetothem.Mostimportantly,yousharesomethingpreciouswithlovedones.Thinkofhowyoufeltthelasttimesomeoneyoucaredabout____5____(take)timetowriteyouaheartfeltmessage.Youcanevenusethisasanopportunitytosaverelationshipsthatneed____6____(heal)orjusttogetanextrasmileoutofsomeone.Writeappreciationnotesatwork.WhenDougConanttookoverasCEOatCampbell’s,hetransformedthecompanyculturefromunpleasanttoaward-winning.“Mostculturesdon’tdoagoodjobofcelebratingcontributions,soImade____7____apracticetowritethank-younotestoouremployees.”Conantsaid,“Over10years,itamountedtomorethan30,000notes,____8____wehadonly20,000employees.WhereverI’dgointheworld,you’dfindmyhandwrittennotes____9____(display)onemployees’bulletinboards(公告欄).”Intoday’sdigitalworld_____10_____mostcommunicationiselectronic,writingheartfeltthank-younotesenhancesemotionalintelligenceandstrengthensrelationships.Itmakesyourworkplaceorhomebetter.【答案】1.wereprocessed2.that3.insteadof##ratherthan4.toclarify5.took6.healing##tobehealed7.it8.though##although9displayed10.where【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了寫作的力量，包括寫作對心理的益處、對大腦的影響，以及培養寫作習慣的方法。【1題詳解】考查時態和語態。句意：在另一項研究中，研究人員分析了腦部掃描，以了解寫下負面事件如何影響此類事件被處理和應對的方式。“suchevents”是定語從句的主語，與“process”是被動關系，即事件被處理，根據上下文時態為一般過去時，故填wereprocessed。【2題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：他們得出結論，表達性寫作可能是處理負面情緒的有效工具，并且寫下過去的失敗可以促進學習。前文“that”引導的第一個賓語從句是“expressivewritingmightbeaneffectivetooltoaddressnegativeemotions”，第二個賓語從句，從句結構和句意完整，連接詞為that。故填that。【3題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：去年，大腦研究人員證明，手寫而不是用鍵盤打字能促進更復雜的大腦連接，這對記憶形成至關重要。這里是在對比手寫和打字對大腦連接的不同作用，強調手寫的優勢，所以用“insteadof”或“ratherthan”連接，故填insteadof/ratherthan。【4題詳解】考查不定式。句意：這些發現表明，寫作的過程能讓你理清思緒并將其“內化”，從而增加益處。“allowsb.todosth.”允許某人做某事。故填toclarify。【5題詳解】考查時態。句意：想想上次你在乎的人花時間給你寫了一封真心的信時你是什么感受。thelasttime引導的時間狀語從句，描述過去的動作，所以用一般過去時。故填took。【6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：你甚至可以利用這個機會來挽救需要修復的關系，或者只是讓某人開心一下。need作實義動詞時，且物做主語時，后面接動詞的-ing形式或不定式的被動形式，表示“需要被……”。故填healing/tobehealed。【7題詳解】考查形式賓語。句意：康納特說：“大多數公司文化在表彰貢獻方面做得不好，所以我把給員工寫感謝信作為一種慣例”“makeitapracticetodosth.”是固定結構，“it”作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的“towritethank-younotestoouremployees”。故填it。【8題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在10多年的時間里，（感謝信）總數超過了3萬封，盡管我們只有2萬名員工。“though”或“although”引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然”，在這里連接兩個有轉折關系的句子。故填though/although。【9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：無論我走到世界哪里，你都會發現我手寫的便條被展示在員工的公告欄上。myhandwrittennotes與display為被動關系，用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填displayed。【10題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在當今大多數交流都是電子形式的數字世界里，寫衷心的感謝信能提高情商并加強人際關系。修飾先行詞“digitalworld”，在從句中作地點狀語，表示“在這個數字世界里”。用關系副詞where。故填where。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.beneficialB.buildingC.cloudyD.disturbingE.fixF.mismatchG.originatedH.perceptionI.readiesJ.sharpenedK.supervisesHowtoprosperinanuncertainworldInanageofrapidchange,ourinstinctivedesireforcertaintymaybeblindingustoitspsychologicalcosts.Humansnaturallyneedanswersandtypicallyfinduncertaintyemotionally____11____.It’seasytofeelanxietyforthefutureandseecertaintyasalighthouseinadarkeningtime.Butawaveofnewscientificdiscoveriesrevealsthatlearningtoleanintouncertaintyintimesofrapidchangeisapromising____12____tomentaldistress,notaroyalroadtoanxiety,asmanyofusassume.Agrowingbodyofevidenceandarangeofnewinterventionssuggestthatskillfullymanaginguncertaintyinthefaceofwhat’s____13____,neworunexpectedisaneffectivetreatmentforanxiety.Researchersfurtherobserveitisalikelypathwayto____14____toughness.Toleratingandevendelightinginuncertaintydoesn’tmerelyhelpustoacceptlife’sunpredictability;italso____15____ustolearnandadapt.Eachday,thebrainuses____16____mentalmodelsabouthowtheworldworks,whichareusedtoprocessashiftingenvironment.Whenwemeetsomethingunexpected,aneural(神經的)“predictionerror”signalsa____17____betweenwhatweassumedwouldoccurandwhatoursensestellus.Yetouruneasysenseofnotknowingstimulatesahostof____18____neuralchanges,includingheightenedattention,boostedworkingmemoryandsensitivitytonewinformation.Thebrainispreparingtoupdateour____19____oftheworld.Uncertaintyoffersthe“opportunityforlifetogoindifferentdirections,”saysStephanieGorkaofOhioStateUniversity’sCollegeofMedicine,“andthatisfascinating.”Thisiswhybeingopentouncertaintyiscriticalformentalwell-being.PioneeringworkledbyDr.Dugaswho_____20_____theterm“intoleranceofuncertainty”andNicholasCarletonshowsthatbeingintolerantofuncertaintyincreasesexposuretomentalhealthchallengessuchasanxiety,eatingdisordersanddepression.Bylearningtoacceptuncertainty,wenotonlyenhanceourmentalpowerbutalsopavethewayforpersonalgrowthandthediscoveryofnewopportunities.【答案】11.D12.E13.C14.B15.I16.J17.F18.A19.H20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何在一個不確定的世界中繁榮的問題。【11題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：人類天生需要答案，通常會發現不確定性會讓人情緒不安。根據“Humansnaturallyneedanswersandtypicallyfinduncertainty”以及句意“不安”可知，應用形容詞disturbing，作賓補。故選D。【12題詳解】考查名詞。句意：但是，一波新的科學發現表明，在快速變化的時代，學會接受不確定性是一種有希望的解決精神痛苦的方法，而不是我們許多人認為的通往焦慮的捷徑。根據“learningtoleanintouncertaintyintimesofrapidchangeisapromising…tomentaldistress”以及句意“解決方法”可知，應用名詞fix，作表語，不定冠詞提示用單數。故選E。【13題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：越來越多的證據和一系列新的干預措施表明，在面對不確定的、新的或意想不到的事情時，熟練地管理不確定性是治療焦慮的有效方法。根據“neworunexpected”以及句意“不確定的”可知，應用形容詞cloudy，作表語，故選C。【14題詳解】考查動詞。句意：研究人員進一步觀察到，這可能是一種增強韌性的途徑。根據“toughness”以及句意“增強”可知，應用動名詞building，作賓語。故選B。【15題詳解】考查動詞。句意：容忍甚至欣然接受不確定性不僅能幫助我們接受生活的不可預測性；它也讓我們做好了學習和適應的準備。根據“ustolearnandadapt”以及句意“做好……的準備”可知應用動詞ready，根據上文doesn’t可知，為一般現在時，主語為it，謂語用第三人稱單數形式。故選I。【16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：每天，大腦都在使用關于世界如何運作的敏銳的心智模型，用來處理不斷變化的環境。根據“whichareusedtoprocessashiftingenvironment”以及句意“敏銳的”可知，應用形容詞sharpened，修飾名詞models。故選J。【17題詳解】考查名詞。句意：當我們遇到意想不到的事情時，神經系統的“預測錯誤”表明，我們假設會發生的事情與我們的感官告訴我們的不匹配。根據“aneural“predictionerror””以及句意“不匹配”可知，應用名詞mismatch，作賓語，不定冠詞提示用單數。故選F。【18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然而，我們不知道的不安感刺激了許多有益的神經變化，包括提高注意力，增強工作記憶和對新信息的敏感性。根據“includingheightenedattention,boostedworkingmemoryandsensitivitytonewinformation”以及句意“有益的”可知應用形容詞beneficial，修飾名詞changes。故選A。【19題詳解】考查名詞。句意：大腦正準備更新我們對世界的感知。根據“oftheworld”以及句意“感知”可知，應用名詞perception，作賓語。故選H。【20題詳解】考查動詞。句意：杜加斯博士和尼古拉斯·卡爾頓首創了“不確定性的不容忍”一詞，他們領導的開創性工作表明，不容忍不確定性會增加心理健康挑戰的風險，如焦慮、飲食失調和抑郁。根據“theterm“intoleranceofuncertainty””以及句意“首創”可知，應用動詞originate，作謂語，發生在過去用一般過去時。故選G。II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Flowersarepowerfulsymbols.Peoplearoundtheworldusethemto____21____festivalsandsignificantlifeevents.Liliesandtulipsrepresent____22____duringspring,atimeoffreshbeginnings;abunchofrosesonValentine’sDayorMother’sDayconveyslove.Andyear-round,noweddingorfuneralis____23____withoutflowers.Bloomsarea____24____business,andtheglobalcutflowersindustryisworthupto$55billionayear.Butbehindthebeautifulflowerscanbesignificantenvironmentalandhuman____25____.Here’showtheflowerindustryisimpactingtheplanet.Thecountrythatisundoubtedlytheworld’slargest____26____ofcutflowersistheUS,withamajorityofimportedflowersfromColombiaandEcuador.InEurope,mostimportedflowerssoldtherearefromequatorialEastAfrica.ThesinglelargestproducerofcutflowersintheworldisColombiawhich____27____anestimated660millionstems(莖)in2024.OthertopproducersareEcuador,SriLankaandKenya,thelatter____28____one-thirdofallrosessoldintheEU.Meanwhile,Chinaisrapidlybecominga(n)____29____marketintheglobalflowertrade,drivenbyrisingdemands.Theglobalflowertradeisrapid,which_____30_____theindustry’senvironmentalfootprint—theidealistogetabloomfromfieldtovaseinthreetofivedaysforagoodprofit.ForColombianproducers,withfarmsmostlylocatednearBogotá’sinternationalairport,flowerscanlose15percentoftheir_____31_____foreveryextradayspenttraveling.Manyoftheflowersaregrowninhigh-altitude(高海拔),industrial-scalegreenhouses(fordiseaseandhumiditycontrol),andtheseflowerfarmscancoveranareaofover500acres.Flowersarealsothirstyplants,which_____32_____highwateruseandchemicalrunoff._____33_____,drought-strickenLakeNaivasha,thecenteroftheindustryinKenya,hasseenhalfofitswaterdrawnoffforuseinflowergreenhouses,accordingtosomecritics.Ontopofpollutantsandwateruse,flowerscan_____34_____seriouscarbonemissionsbecauseofrefrigerationandlong-distancetransport.In2020,Valentine’sDayflowersgrowninColombiaandflowntoUSairportsproducedsome360,000metrictonsofCO2.Toputthatintoperspective,that’s_____35_____equivalentto78,000carsdrivenforoneyear.EvenafterflowersareflownintotheUS,they’resometimestruckedthousandsofmilesingas-inefficienttrucksfromcenterssuchasMiamiandLosAngelestolocationsacrossthenation.21.A.sustain B.trace C.restore D.mark22.A.cycle B.tradition C.renewal D.freedom23.A.visible B.dramatic C.complete D.unique24.A.booming B.diverse C.struggling D.risky25.A.costs B.resources C.activities D.objectives26.A.grower B.consumer C.assessor D.distributor27.A.examined B.removed C.preserved D.exported28.A.supplying B.fertilizing C.arranging D.exchanging29.A.emerging B.declining C.exclusive D.protective30.A.neutralises B.theorises C.quantifies D.intensifies31.A.symbolism B.availability C.value D.identity32.A.allowsfor B.contributesto C.benefitsfrom D.disapprovesof33.A.What’smore B.Forexample C.Incontrast D.Asaresult34.A.generate B.reduce C.monitor D.tackle35.A.merely B.currently C.routinely D.roughly【答案】21.D22.C23.C24.A25.A26.B27.D28.A29.A30.D31.C32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了花卉作為強大象征在全球文化中的重要性，以及花卉產業對環境和人類的影響。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：世界各地的人們用鮮花來紀念節日和重要的人生大事。A.sustain維持、支撐；B.trace追蹤、追溯；C.restore恢復；D.mark標記、紀念。根據上文“Flowersarepowerfulsymbols.”可知，鮮花是極具象征意義的事物。由此可知，人們會用鮮花來紀念節日和重要的事情。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：百合花和郁金香象征著春天的萬物更新，春天是一個全新開始的時節；情人節或母親節的一束玫瑰傳遞著愛意。A.cycle循環、周期；B.tradition傳統；C.renewal更新；D.freedom自由。根據下文“atimeoffreshbeginnings”可知，春天是新的開始的季節，百合花和郁金香代表著更新和復蘇。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：而且一年到頭，沒有鮮花，婚禮或葬禮都稱不上完整。A.visible可見的；B.dramatic戲劇性的；C.complete完整的、完全的；D.unique獨特的。根據上文“Flowersarepowerfulsymbols.Peoplearoundtheworldusethemto____1____festivalsandsignificantlifeevents.”可知，花有紀念意義，人們會用花去紀念重要的事情。由此可知，沒有花的婚禮和葬禮都稱不上完整。故選C。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：花卉生意蓬勃發展，全球切花產業每年的價值高達550億美元。A.booming繁榮的；B.diverse多樣化的；C.struggling掙扎的、困難的；D.risky有風險的。根據下文“theglobalcutflowersindustryisworthupto$55billionayear”可知，花卉生意蓬勃發展。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但在這些美麗鮮花的背后，可能存在著巨大的環境和人力成本。A.costs成本、費用；B.resources資源；C.activities活動；D.objectives目標。根據下文“ForColombianproducers,withfarmsmostlylocatednearBogotá’sinternationalairport,flowerscanlose15percentoftheir____11____foreveryextradayspenttraveling.”可知，下文提到花卉產業對環境和人力方面的影響，這里說的是在美麗的花朵背后有巨大的環境和人力代價。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，世界上最大的切花消費國是美國，其大部分進口鮮花來自哥倫比亞和厄瓜多爾。A.grower種植者；B.consumer消費者；C.assessor評估者；D.distributor分銷商。根據下文“withamajorityofimportedflowersfromColombiaandEcuador.”可知，美國是世界上最大的切花消費國。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：世界上最大的單一切花生產國是哥倫比亞，據估計，2024年該國出口了約6.6億枝切花。A.examined檢查、審查；B.removed去除；C.preserved保存、保護；D.exported出口。根據上文“ThesinglelargestproducerofcutflowersintheworldisColombia”可知，哥倫比亞是世界上最大的切花生產國之一，這里說它在2024年出口了大約6.6億枝切花。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：其他主要生產國還有厄瓜多爾、斯里蘭卡和肯尼亞，其中肯尼亞供應的玫瑰占歐盟銷售的所有玫瑰的三分之一。A.supplying提供；B.fertilizing施肥；C.arranging安排；D.exchanging交換。根據上文“OthertopproducersareEcuador,SriLankaandKenya”可知，厄瓜多爾、斯里蘭卡和肯尼亞是切花主要生產國。由此可知，肯尼亞供應占歐盟銷售的所有玫瑰的三分之一的玫瑰。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，由于需求不斷增長，中國正迅速成為全球花卉貿易中的一個新興市場。A.emerging新興的、出現的；B.declining下降的；C.exclusive獨有的、排他的；D.protective保護性的。根據下文“drivenbyrisingdemands”可知，不斷增長的需求讓中國在全球花卉貿易中成為了一個新興的市場。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：全球花卉貿易發展迅速，這加劇了該行業對環境的影響——理想狀態是在三到五天內將鮮花從田間運到花瓶中，以獲取可觀的利潤。A.neutralises中和；B.theorises理論化；C.quantifies量化、測定……的數量；D.intensifies強化、加劇。根據上文“Butbehindthebeautifulflowerscanbesignificantenvironmentalandhuman____5____.Here’showtheflowerindustryisimpactingtheplanet.”可知，花卉產業對地球產生了影響。由此可推測，花卉貿易的增長會加劇該行業的環境足跡。故選D。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于哥倫比亞的生產商來說，由于農場大多位于波哥大國際機場附近，鮮花每多運輸一天，其價值就會損失15%。A.symbolism象征主義；B.availability可用性；C.value價值；D.identity身份。根據常理可知，鮮花被耽擱在運輸的路上，價值就會損失。故選C。【32題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：鮮花也是需水量大的植物，這導致了大量的水資源消耗和化學物質徑流。A.allowsfor考慮到、允許；B.contributesto有助于，導致；C.benefitsfrom從……中獲益；D.disapprovesof不贊成。根據上文“Flowersarealsothirstyplants”可知，鮮花需要大量的水，由此可知，鮮花的需求量大會導致大量的水資源消耗和化學物質徑流。故選B。【33題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：例如，據一些批評人士稱，飽受干旱困擾的奈瓦沙湖是肯尼亞花卉產業的中心，該湖一半的水被抽走用于花卉溫室。A.What’smore而且；B.Forexample例如；C.Incontrast相比之下；D.Asaresult因此。根據下文“drought-strickenLakeNaivasha,thecenteroftheindustryinKenya,hasseenhalfofitswaterdrawnoffforuseinflowergreenhouses,accordingtosomecritics.”可知，下文是對前面花卉種植高用水的一個舉例。故選B。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：除了污染物排放和水資源消耗之外，由于冷藏和長途運輸，鮮花還會產生大量的碳排放。A.generate產生、生成；B.reduce減少；C.monitor監控；D.tackle解決。根據上文可知，鮮花產業會導致污染物排放和水資源消耗；再根據空后“seriouscarbonemissions”可知，鮮花產業由于冷藏和長途運輸還會產生大量的碳排放。故選A。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：從另一個角度來看，這大致相當于7.8萬輛汽車行駛一年的碳排放量。A.merely僅僅；B.currently目前；C.routinely常規地；D.roughly大致地、粗略地。根據句意可知，在哥倫比亞種植并空運到美國機場的情人節鮮花產生的約36萬公噸的二氧化碳大概相當于7.8萬輛汽車行駛一年的碳排放量。故選D。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)YoshikoAbeisabouttoturn89,butthathasn’tstoppedherfromgoingtothegymeverydayandtryingthefree-of-chargemakeupcourseatherhousingcomplex.“Itwasreallyhelpful,”shesaid,smilingafterputtingonfoundationandpinklipstick,somethingshehadn’tdoneinyears.Japanisthefastest-agingsocietyintheworld,wheremorethanaquarterofitspopulationis65andolder,at36millionpeople.Inaboutadecade,thepercentagewillbe33%.Themarketforolderpeopleisestimatedtogrowtomorethan100trillionyen($650billion)insizethisyear.Nowondertheyoung-at-heartareanexpandingcommunityforbusiness.Andthatbusinessisn’tjustaboutcuresforsicknessesandoldfolks’homes.AkiraShimizu,professorofbusinessatKeioUniversity,saysolderpeopleremainsensitivetotrends,includingthelatestproducts.“Theythinkabouttheclothingandmakeupthatexpresstheirstyleandidentity,”hesaid.Fromluxurycruises(郵輪)and“oldies”rockconcerts,companiesknowthatolderpeoplethesedaysremainactive.“Theygooutwithfriendsandondates,anddressingupmakesthemfeelgood,”saidShimizu.MiwaHiraku,themakeupclassinstructorfromafamousJapaneseuniversity,saysthatmakeupisnotjustgoodforyourphysicalwell-beingbutalsoyoursoul.Sheclaimstowearmakeupevenat100.“Puttingonmakeupworksasaswitchtoturnonyourenergyatthestartofyourday.It’snotjustaboutlookingbeautiful.It’saboutlivingalonghealthylife,”shesaid.YoshihikoHotta,85,theonlymanintheclassofabout30people,didn’ttrythelipstickbuthappilyputonthehandcreamandwentalongwithalltheexerciseroutines.Whileacknowledginghefeltsomethinglikeachinglegs,hedeclaredfirmly,“Idon’tthinkageisrelevant.”36.WhatcanwelearnaboutthebusinessfortheelderlyinJapan?A.Itshowssignsofpotential. B.Itcreatesalargefortuneforthem.C.Itsmainfocusisoncaringforthem. D.Itsfeatureisvariousmakeuplessons.37.AkiraShimizuandMiwaHirakumostlikelyreachanagreementon________.A.thesensitivitytooldpeople’semotionsB.theseniors’preferenceforluxurygoodsC.themakeup’supliftingeffectsonseniorsD.theeconomicbenefitsofmakeupproducts38.Inthelastparagraph,theexampleofYoshihikoHottasuggeststhathe________.A.istheonlymantodoexerciseintheclassB.strictlyfollowstraditionalgenderconceptsC.reluctantlylinksphysicaldiscomforttoageD.feelshighlypressuredtowearmakeupinpublic39.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.SeniorsinJapanarewellawareofgroupidentity.B.TheriseofJapan’ssilvereconomyredefinesaging.C.Expertsappealtoseniorstoremainmentallyactive.D.Makeupcoursesarepopularwiththeyoung-at-heartinJapan.【答案】36.A37.C38.C39.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了日本老齡化社會中，老年市場不斷發展，針對老年人的商業不只是傳統的醫療和養老院，還包括化妝課程、豪華郵輪、“老歌”搖滾音樂會等，而且老年人對這些很感興趣，他們依然活躍，對潮流敏感，化妝等活動對他們的身心健康有積極作用，這重新定義了老齡化。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Japanisthefastest-agingsocietyintheworld,wheremorethanaquarterofitspopulationis65andolder,at36millionpeople.Inaboutadecade,thepercentagewillbe33%.Themarketforolderpeopleisestimatedtogrowtomorethan100trillionyen($650billion)insizethisyear.Nowondertheyoung-at-heartareanexpandingcommunityforbusiness.(日本是世界上老齡化速度最快的社會，超過四分之一的人口年齡在65歲及以上，達到3600萬人。大約十年后，這一比例將達到33%。據估計，今年老年人市場的規模將超過100萬億日元（6500億美元）。難怪年輕的年輕人是一個不斷擴大的商業群體。)”可知，日本是老齡化最快的社會，老年人口多且比例還會上升，老年市場預計今年規模會增長到超過100萬億日元，說明日本的老年商業有發展潛力。故選A項。【37題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段中AkiraShimizu說“Theygooutwithfriendsandondates,anddressingupmakesthemfeelgood.(他們和朋友出去、約會，打扮會讓他們感覺良好)”以及第六段中MiwaHiraku說“Puttingonmakeupworksasaswitchtoturnonyourenergyatthestartofyourday.It’snotjustaboutlookingbeautiful.It’saboutlivingalonghealthylife.(化妝就像一個開關，在一天開始時開啟你的活力。這不僅僅是為了看起來漂亮。這是為了過健康長壽的生活。)”可知，兩人都提到了化妝對老年人有積極的作用，能讓他們感覺良好、充滿活力，所以他們最可能在化妝對老年人的振奮作用上達成一致。故選C項。【38題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Whileacknowledginghefeltsomethinglikeachinglegs,hedeclaredfirmly,“Idon’tthinkageisrelevant.(雖然他承認自己感覺腿疼，但他堅定地表示：“我認為年齡無關緊要。”)”可知，YoshihikoHotta承認自己有類似腿疼的感覺，但他堅定地宣稱不認為年齡與此有關，說明他不太愿意把身體的不適與年齡聯系起來。故選C項。【39題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了日本老齡化社會中，老年市場不斷發展，針對老年人的商業不只是傳統的醫療和養老院，還包括化妝課程、豪華郵輪、“老歌”搖滾音樂會等，而且老年人對這些很感興趣，他們依然活躍，對潮流敏感，化妝等活動對他們的身心健康有積極作用，這重新定義了老齡化。B選項“TheriseofJapan’ssilvereconomyredefinesaging”（日本銀發經濟的崛起重新定義了老齡化）能很好地概括文章主旨。故選B項。(B)InShanghai’sbusystreetsandtoweringhighrises,anewdialectappears—onespokeninalgorithms(算法).Fromdecodinglocalidiomsinconferenceroomstopreservingdisappearingcraftsandguidinggraduatestowardtechcareers,AIisbecomingthecity’sculturalbridge.Thisisurbanintelligencewithlocalflavor.Foreignprofessional’sCulturalTranslator|LujiazuiTool:iFlytekHear+DeepLProUsers:Multinationalconsultants&startupfoundersTheChallenge:72%offoreignprofessionalsstrugglewith“code-switching”—usingformalPutonghuaforbusinessnegotiationsyetconfusedbylocalShanghaineseslang(俚語)indailychats.TheSolution:iFlytekHearconvertslocaldialecttoPutonghuatext.DeepLProtranslateswithculturalnotes:Business:“關系”→“strategicpartnership”Casual:“lùzi”→“trustedlocalnetworks”TheImpact:“Nowwhencolleaguesuselocalslang,Iunderstanditsimpliedmeaning,”saysKlausBecker,investmentanalyst.GuardiansofLostThreads|TianzifangCraftQuarterTools:Midjourney+SynthesiaUsers:________________TheCrisis:WiththeQipaomastersaged80+andtraditionalguidancedeclining,delicatetechniqueslikesewingandembroideryfaceextinction.TheComeback:Midjourney’sdigitalreconstructioncreatesthedigitalversionoftheold-timeQipaofrommuseumscans.Synthesia’slivelessonsconvertmasterinterviewsintointeractivesessionsandauto-createstitch-by-stitch(一針針)videosfromverbalinstructions.TheImpact:“Nowwhenourmaster’shandsshake,hercraftlivesthroughAI-guidedneedles,revitalizinga1947design,”saysyoungdesignerLiXia.CareerPathfinders|CollegeInnovationCenterTools:LinkedIn’sAICareerAssistantUsers:Universitygraduatespilotingthroughtech-drivenmarketsTheChallenge:Newgraduatesstruggletomatchskillswithfast-evolvingtechroles.TheApproach:Analyzes100K+jobpoststoidentifyhigh-demandhybridroles(e.g.,dataanalystforsmarturbanplanning).Recommendsskill-buildingcoursesadaptedforShanghai’stechgrowthsectors.TheFeedback:“AImatchedmystatisticsdegreewithdatarolesupgradingpublictransportsystems,”saysgradEmilyZhang.40.Targetusersfortheblankarelikelytobe________________.A.vocationaltrainersdevelopingcraftcurriculaB.cultureresearchersdigitizingQipaocollectionsC.newdesignerslearningfromagingcraftmastersD.localbusinessesexpandingcraftsmane-commerce41.WhichofthefollowingtoolsetsbestsuitsaforeignartstudentinShanghaiinthehopeofmixingtechroleswithtraditionalcrafts?A.iFlytekHear+Synthesia. B.DeepLPro+Midjourney.C.DeepLPro+LinkedIn’sAI. D.Midjourney+LinkedIn’sAI.42Wherewouldreadersmostlikelyfindthisarticle?A.Abusinessblog. B.Acareerjournal. C.Apolicybrief. D.Atechmagazine.【答案】40.C41.D42.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在上海，人工智能（AI）在不同場景下的應用，如作為外國專業人士的文化翻譯工具、保護即將消失的傳統工藝、幫助大學畢業生匹配技術驅動市場的職業等。【40題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“GuardiansofLostThreads|TianzifangCraftQuarter”部分內容，提到“WiththeQipaomastersaged80+andtraditionalguidancedeclining,delicatetechniqueslikesewingandembroideryfaceextinction.(隨著80多歲的旗袍大師年事已高，傳統指導逐漸減少，像縫紉和刺繡這樣的精細技藝面臨滅絕。)”以及“TheComeback”部分中“Midjourney’sdigitalreconstructioncreatesthedigitalversionoftheold-timeQipaofrommuseumscans.Synthesia’slivelessonsconvertmasterinterviewsintointeractivesessionsandauto-createstitch-by-stitch(一針針)videosfromverbalinstructions.(Midjourney的數字重建通過博物館掃描創建了舊時旗袍的數字版本。Synthesia的直播課程將大師訪談轉化為互動環節，并根據口頭指令自動創建逐針視頻。)”可知，主要是幫助新設計師向年邁的工藝大師學習技藝，所以目標用戶可能是向年邁工藝大師學習的新設計師。故選C項。【41題詳解】推理判斷題。根據GuardiansofLostThreads|TianzifangCraftQuarter中“Midjourney’sdigitalreconstructioncreatesthedigitalversionoftheold-timeQipaofrommuseumscans.(Midjourney的數字重建技術，根據博物館的掃描圖像，創造了舊時旗袍的數字版本。)”以及CareerPathfinders|CollegeInnovationCenter中“Users:Universitygraduatespilotingthroughtech-drivenmarkets;Recommendsskill-buildingcoursesadaptedforShanghai’stechgrowthsectors.(用戶：通過技術驅動市場試點的大學畢業生；推薦適合上海科技成長行業的技能培養課程。)”可知，一個希望將技術角色與傳統工藝相結合的在上海的外國藝術學生，對于傳統工藝方面，需要Midjourney來對傳統旗袍進行數字重建，以了解傳統工藝的數字化呈現；對于技術角色方面，需要LinkedIn’sAICareerAssistant來分析工作崗位，推薦技能提升課程，匹配適合的技術工作，所以Midjourney+LinkedIn’sAI這組工具最適合。故選D項。【42題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章大意以及第一段“InShanghai’sbusystreetsandtoweringhighrises,anewdialectappears—onespokeninalgorithms(算法).Fromdecodinglocalidiomsinconferenceroomstopreservingdisappearingcraftsandguidinggraduatestowardtechcareers,AIisbecomingthecity’sculturalbridge.Thisisurbanintelligencewithlocalflavor.(在上海繁忙的街道和高聳的高樓中，一種新的方言出現了——一種用算法說的方言。從破譯會議室里的當地習語，到保護消失的手工藝，再到引導畢業生從事科技職業，人工智能正在成為這座城市的文化橋梁。這是帶有地方風味的城市智慧。)”可知，文章主要介紹了在上海，人工智能（AI）在不同場景下的應用，如作為外國專業人士的文化翻譯工具、保護即將消失的傳統工藝、幫助大學畢業生匹配技術驅動市場的職業等，重點圍繞AI技術在不同方面的應用展開。D選項“科技雜志”符合文章圍繞AI技術應用的主題，所以讀者最有可能在科技雜志上找到這篇文章。故選D項。(C)Thisweek’sNobelPhysicsPrizehonoredtwoscientistswhohelpedcomputers“learn”morelikethehumanbrain.Adaylater,theChemistryPrizewenttothreeresearcherswhousedAItodesignproteinsandrevealmolecular(分子的)structures,aproblemthathadtroubledbiologistsfordecades.Herecomethecomplaints.Thiswascomputerscience,notphysicsorchemistry!Ofthefivewinners,arguablyonlyone,biochemistDavidBaker,worksinthefieldhewasawardedin.TheNobelPrizeshavetraditionallyfavoredconcreteresultsovertheory,experimentaldiscoveryoverpureidea.Butthatpatterndidn’tquiteholdthisyear:oneprizewenttoscientistswhowerededicatedtophysicsasafoundationonwhichtobuildcomputermodelsusedfornogroundbreakingresultinparticular.ThewinnersonWednesday,ontheotherhand,hadcreatedcomputermodelsthatmadebigadvancementsinbiochemistry.Thisshifthintsatanunsettlingprospect:Perhapsscientistswillmerelycraftthetoolsthatmakethebreakthroughs,ratherthandotherevolutionaryworkthemselvesorevenunderstandhowitcameabout.ArtificialintelligencedesignsandbuildshundredsofmolecularNotreDames(巴黎圣母院)andaresearcherishonoredforinventingthetool“shovel”.Buthey,givepeoplesomecredit.Sciencehasalwaysinvolvedtoolsandinstruments,andourrelationshiptothemhasgrownmorecomplexwiththeiradvancement.Fewastronomerstodayputaneyetoatelescope;sensorsandAImodelscollecteye-poppingvolumesofdata;computerprogramsanalyzethemforpatternsfamiliarandstrange;researchersexaminethem,sometimesfromhalfwayacrosstheworld.Theheavensarepixels(像素)onamonitor.Who,then,ownsthediscovery?Wheredoesthemachineryendandthehumanbegin?Ifanything,highlightingAI’sroleinscience,theNobelCommitteealsorevealeditsownuntimelyapproach.AlfredNobel’s1895visionrewardedtheindividualgeniusplantingflagsinPhysics,Chemistry,andMedicine.Buttoday’schallenges,suchasclimatechange,cancer,extinction,don’trespectthoseboundaries.Rareist