學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina訓練一ReadingⅠ。用恰當的介詞填空fortoafterinfromofupatbyunder1．Ibelievewhathesaid，butIcan'tbelieve______him.2．Mostofususedtobebrought______torespecttheoldandtakecare______theyoung。3．Thebeggarmadealiving______askingforsomethingtoeat______door______door.4．Asaresult______hiscarelessnessinwriting，hefailed______theexam.5．Theboyis______theinfluenceofhisfather，andlooks______himselfverywell。6．Nowit’s3o'clock。Youcan'tgetthroughtohim，forheis______work.7。Mrs.Wang’smethodofteachingissimilar______thatofMr.Li.8．Myfriendexplainedthedifficultprobleminsociety，and______thefirsttimeeverIunderstood.Ⅱ.根據漢語提示,用恰當的單詞或短語填空1．Confuciusisconsideredtobethemostimportant______(哲學家）inancientChina.2．OurEnglishteacheroften______(強調）theimportanceofspokenEnglish.3．“Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.(己所不欲，勿施于人）"isoneofthemostfamous______（學說）ofConfucius。4．Hebecame______（對……感興趣)goingafterwealthandhigher-level______（地位)．5．ThesupergirlZengYike______（以……而出名）herspecialsingingvoice。6．______(采納老師的建議)，andyouwillmakeprogressinyourEnglishlearning。7．Thetwocountries________(與……交戰）eachotherforfiveyearsandallthepeoplearelookingforwardtoanendtothewar。8．Hisheartattackcould________（與……有關)hiscarcrashlastyear.Ⅲ。從課文中找出與所給漢語相對應的句子1．古代中國各諸侯國之間經常發生戰爭。但那也是一個產生了許多哲學家的時期。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．孔子是影響最大的哲學家。他強調仁愛、責任和社會秩序的重要性。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．孟子是一位思想家，他的理論和孔子的理論很相似.________________________________________________________________________4．孟子認為人與動物不同的原因在于人是善良的。________________________________________________________________________5．例如,他認為政府是最重要的。因此，他花費數年試圖找到一個人們聽從他學說的諸侯國。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.1。in2.up；of3。by;from；to4。of；in5。under；after6.at7.to8。forⅡ。1.philosopher2。stresses3.teachings4。interestedin；position5。isfamousfor6。Followtheteacher’sadvice7。havebeenatwarwith8.berelatedtoⅢ。1.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother。Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers。2．Confuciusisthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness，dutyandorderinsociety。3．Menciuswasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilartothoseofconfucius。4．Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.5．Forexample，heconsideredthatgovernmentwasmostimportant。Asaresult，hespentmanyyearstryingtofindastatewherepeoplewouldfollowhisteachings。Ⅰ.根據課文在下列空白處填入適當的單詞或詞組AncientChinawasaplacew__1__stateswereoften__2__eachother。Butitwasalsoat__3__whenthereweremanygreatphilosophers。Confuciusisthephilosopherw__4__influencehasbeenthegreatest。Menciuswasat__5__whoseteachingswerevery__6__thoseofConfucius.Menciusbelievedthatther__7__whymanis__8__animalsisthatmanisgood.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryi__9__.Hebecame__10__hisunusualclothesandbehaviour。Mozibelievedthatallmenweree__11__andhatedtheideaofwar.Ⅱ.用方框中短語的正確形式完成下列句子和短文causetroublebringupatwarwithliveasimplelifebeborninfollowone’sadvicefromstatetostatebedifferentfromasaresultthereasonwhy..。isthat。。.insomewayscarefor1．____________Ilikesports__________theyarefunandhelpfultoourhealth。2．Hewaseagertogetoutofthecommonruckanddistinguishhimself____________。3．Ifonelocksuphisanger，itwillonly____________later.4。InancientChina，privateteacherstravelled____________explainingtheirphilosophy。5．Whatthedoctorsaidfrightenedhim,sohe____________andgaveupsmoking。YueFei，thenationalherooftheSouthernSongDynasty，__6__apoorandhumble(卑微的）family。Hewas__7__byhismother。Yuewasanobedient（孝順的)son.Whenhismotherwasill，healwaystastedthemedicinehimselfbeforeadministering（用藥)ittoher.Asweallknow,theSouthernSongDynastywas__8__othercountriesatthattime.Beingageneral，YueFei__9__othercaptainsandhealwayslivedwithhissoldiers.__10__，hewasrespectedbyhissoldiers。He，who__11__little__11__money，askedhisfamilyto__12__.Soallhisfamilymembersneverworesilkclothesalltheirlives.Nowadayswecanstilllearnalotofvirtuesfromthenationalhero。Ⅲ。根據漢語提示完成句子1．你的房間太亂了,你最好花些時間整理一下.Yourroomis________________________.You’dbetterspendsometimeputtingeveryting________________。2．勿受壞榜樣的影響.Don’t________________________badexamples。3．比爾的能力足以勝任管理這個部門。Bill________________________________thejobofrunningthedepartment。4．這位科學家被聘為污染問題的政府顧問。Thisscientistwasemployedas________________________thepollutionproblem。5．張鐵林生為中國人，但后來取得英國公民身份。ZhangTielin__________________,butlaterhetookBritishcitizenship.Ⅳ.知識拓展翻譯下列短語，并用其恰當形式完成句子.1．bringup________bringabout________bringin________bringout________bringon________1）Afterherhusbanddied,she________thethreechildrenallbyherself。2）Thiswarmweathershould________thiskindofcrop.3）Hewassoshockedthathecouldhardly________aword.4)Thearrivaloftheforeigners________newcustomsandhabits。5)Economicreformmovementshavebeenunder.takeninmanycountriesto________changesinprevailingeconomicstructures(現行經濟結構）．2．followone'sadvice________giveone'sadviceon________asksb。foradvice________onone'sadvice________1)______her______，I’mstayinginbedforarest。2)HereI’dliketo______my______thethingsthatmakeushealthier。3)Facedwithadifficultsituation，Andydecidedto______hisboss______.4)Youshould______thedoctor's______ofeatingmorefruitandvegetables.答案:Ⅰ.1。where2.atwarwith3.time4.whose5。thinker6。similarto7。reason8。differentfrom9。influential10。famousfor11。equalⅡ。1。Thereasonwhy；isthat2.insomeways3.causetrouble4.fromstatetostate5。followedthedoctor’sadvice6。wasbornin7。broughtup8.atwarwith9。wasdifferentfrom10.Asaresult11.cared；for12.liveasimplelifeⅢ.1.outoforder；inorder2。beinfluencedby3。isquiteequalto4。thegovernment'sadvisoron5.wasbornChineseⅣ.1.撫養，養育，提出；引起，導致；引進，吸收；說出，闡明,出版；使前進,使發展1)broughtup2)bringon3)bringout4）bringsin5）bringabout2。聽從某人的建議;就……提供建議；征求某人的意見，向某人求教；按照某人的建議1)On；advice2)give；adviceon3)ask；foradvice4）follow；advice基礎達標Ⅰ。閱讀課文,完成表格PhilosophersYearswhentheywerebornTeachingsConfucius1。______Hestressed2。____。Mencius372BCMenciusbelievedthatthereason3。____.If4。____,thenpeoplewouldbegood.Hebelievedthat5.____。Mozi6.______Mozibelievedthat7。______.Hisideaoflove8。____。Hetaughtthatweshouldlove9。____.Hehated10。____。答案:1。551BC2。theimportanceofkindness，dutyandorderinsociety3。whymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood4。thegovernmentwaskind5。peopleweremoreimportantthanrulers6.476BC7.allmenwereequal8。wasdifferentfromtheConfucianideaofkindness9.allhumanbeingsandlookafterthosewhoareweakerthanourselves10。theideaofwarⅡ。辨析詞語，完成句子1．that/one/it/theone1）Theboywhothrewthestoneis______withcurlyhair.2)Theintelligenceofadogismuchgreaterthan______ofacat。3）IlostmydictionaryandIhavetobuyanew______.4)Thereisonlyoneticketleft。Goandget______quickly。2．spend/cost/take/pay1）Hissparetimeis______incollectingstamps.2)Thenewdictionary______me50yuan。3）It______me5daystofinishtheexampaper。4）I______him100yuanforhishelpingmecleanthehouse.答案：1。1）theone2)that3)one4)it2．1）spent2)cost3)took4)paidⅢ.根據漢語提示完成句子1．他的自信對我有著重大的影響.Hisself-confidence______________________________me。2．我們英語老師特別強調大聲讀英語的重要性。OurEnglishteacher________________________theimportanceofreadingEnglishaloud.3．他的新提議在會議上被提出來.Hisnewsuggestion__________________atthemeeting.4．為了得到一份更有挑戰的工作,他從公司辭職了.He____________thecompanyinordertotakeamorechallengingjob。5．我們認為男女應該平等。Wethinkthatwomen________________________men.6．有些教師覺得難以維持課堂秩序.Someteachersfinditdifficultto______theirclasses____________.答案：1。hasagreatinfluenceon2。laidparticularstresson3。wasbroughtup4。resignedfrom5。shouldbeequalto6。keep；inorder綜合提升Ⅳ。單項選擇1．______，amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor。A．OtherthingsbeingequalB．WereotherthingsequalC．TobeequaltootherthingsD．Otherthingstobeequal答案：AOtherthingsbeingequal是獨立主格結構，在句中作狀語。2．Long。termgoalsmaybe______ourdreamsofthefuturewhiletheshort.termonesdealwithpresentactivities。A．relatedtoB．connectingtoC．joinedtoD．mixedto答案：Arelateto意為“與……有關"；connectto表示“連接在……上";join意為“加入”；mixto意為“混合進……”。結合句意可知本題應選A項。3．______bytheirgrandparents，manychildrenarenotusedtolivingwiththeirparents。A．BroughtupB．BeingbroughtupC．TobringupD．Tobebroughtup答案：Abringup與主語manychildren之間是被動關系，首先排除C項.B項表示“正在被撫養"，表示現在的狀態；D項表將來，均不合題意。4．Thereason______hegaveforbeinglatewas______heforgottousethealarmclock。A．why；thatB．why；becauseC．which；thatD．that；because答案：C根據句意和句子結構可知，第一空需要一個關系代詞來引導定語從句，作動詞give的賓語。why是關系副詞只能作狀語，排除A、B項；第二空處that引導表語從句.5．Heisanadvisor______MrsSmithandhegiveshersomeadvice______howtooperatehercompany。A．of;onB．to;onC．of；toD．to；of答案：Banadvisortosb.意為“某人的顧問”；givesb.adviceonsth。意為“就某事給某人意見”。6．Peopleintyphoon.strickenareasmaylivetoughlynow，buttheywill______ahappylifeinthefuture。A．leadB．takeC．getD．receive答案：Aleadahappylife為固定短語，意為“過著幸福的生活”.Ⅴ。閱讀理解Confucius（551BC~479BC），aChinesephilosopher,oneofthemostinfluentialmeninthehistoryofChina。ConfuciuswasborninanoblefamilyinthestateofLu.However，hisparentswerepoor。HisfatherdiedwhenConfuciuswasonlythreeyearsold.In527BChebeganhislifeasateacher，usuallytravelingaboutandteachingthefollowersthatwerearoundhim.ConfuciusworkedasanofficialofthestateofLu.However，hesoonleftofficetotravelandteach。In484BChereturnedtoLu，whereheliveduntilhisdeath。Livingintheturbulent（動蕩的)period，Confuciusbelievedthatpeoplemustgobacktotheprinciplesoftheancientwisemen.Hethereforelecturedtohispupilsontheclassicsandtaughtthemhowtobehaveproperlyinsociety.Confuciusdidnotwritedowntheprinciplesofhisphilosophy。TheAnalects（《論語》）,aworkwrittenbysomeofhisfollowers,isconsideredthemostfaithfulsourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings。TheteachingsofConfuciuswerepracticalandmoral,ratherthanreligious。Hesaidthatman’sbehaviorshouldbebasedonfivevirtues：kindness,uprightness（義），decorum(禮），wisdomandfaithfulness（信）．Heaskedeveryonetofulfilltheirdutiescarefullytowardthestate。Inthecenturiesafterhisdeath,histeachings，knownasConfucianism，ha