七選五知識點一段首題命題規律：段首題具有鮮明的語言特征，要么是段落標題句(主旨句)，要么就是段落主題句，七選五解題時可采用先易后難的原則，而段首的這兩種題型即可作為七選五解題的突破口。題型和考查角度：1.段落小標題：概括段落大意，特征突出，短小且語言精煉2.段落主題句：段落主旨概括性，與其它段落承上啟下一段落小標題解題策略：1.觀察其它段落標題的形式。閱讀段落內容，提煉段落中心詞、高頻詞和中心詞的近義詞。選項特征：1.其形式應和其他小標題相同。選項語言短小精煉。3.多為名詞詞組、動名詞短語或祈使向。二段落主題句主題句分兩種類型。設空處在段首通常為主旨概括句，有時也可能為承上啟下(過渡)句。如果設空處位于段首，要瞻前顧后找提示，即閱讀上一段結尾部分，通常正確答案與之銜接，并結合本段內容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內容連貫起來。1.主旨概括句解題策略：認真閱讀后文內容，段落的第一、二句是關鍵信息，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句，有時也要參考最后一句，因為段落中常運用首尾呼應的原則，根據尾句進行驗證。選項特征：準確概括段落大意，避免以偏概全或偏離主題2.承上啟下(過渡)句在段首設空的題有時也可能起承上啟下的作用，此時既要熟悉上一段內容，又要去結合下一段內容。解題策略：做題時要聯系上下文，把握邏輯關系，分析所選答案是否能將兩段內容連貫起來。選項特征：過渡句與段落主旨相關，且與上下文語意連貫。【真題典例】（2023年新高考II卷）·___19___Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.知識點二段中題命題規律：段中設空的題目即為主題句的展開句。此種題要注意分析前后的邏輯性和內容的連貫性，注意句子之間的銜接手法，如代詞、邏輯連接詞等。做題時，首先要依據關鍵信息將選項進行排除，然后將剩下的可能答案逐一代入，達到選項和設空處的前后內容達到語意連貫及邏輯通順，最終確定最佳選項。解題策略：利用結構或暗示利用邏輯關系一利用結構或暗示設空位于段中，首先閱讀選項并畫出關鍵詞；然后重點閱讀設空處的前一句和后一句，畫出關鍵詞，找出它們之間的邏輯關系或根據意義的連貫性得出答案；1.先看選項七選五的選項較少，并且給出的都是句子。可以通過句子的完整性或者句子后面的標點符號先判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過閱讀選項，有可能找出跟其它選項表達完全不同意思的句子，這樣可以直接將該選項排除。2.再看空前空后由于七選五空出的是整個句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯系，可以通過選項中某個名詞或動詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關性來確定這兩個句子之間有一種關聯性，從而選擇正確的答案。3.注意代詞或定冠詞一定要注意句子中出現的人稱代詞或者指示代詞，因為我們知道，代詞是指代一個名詞或者一個句子的，然后通過代詞在句子中所做的成分我們可以推斷出它指代的句子的類型，這樣可以迅速的確定備選選項?！菊骖}典例】（2023年新高考I卷）Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.____19____Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.4.注意一些特殊疑問詞選項中或空前出現特殊疑問詞，一定要把這句話仔細讀幾遍，因為對于不同特殊疑問詞的回答方式是不一樣的，比如對why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的詞，對when的回答，后面要有表時間的狀語，對where的回答，后面要有表地點的名詞，對how的回答，后面要有方式狀語等。注意選項和設空處是否為完整的句子有時選項可能不是一個完整的句子，這樣子可以在選項中圈定一些從句如if,when等開頭的選項，再結合文章設空處前后的關聯即可迅速判定正確選項。二利用邏輯關系連詞可以表現句子與句子之間的邏輯關系，通過不同的連詞我們可以推知句子與句子之間不同的關系。如一些表示轉折的連詞，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外還有一些表示并列關系的連詞如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ontheonehand....ontheotherhand等。并列或遞進關系并列或遞進關系是指后一句對前一句是一種順承邏輯關系。常見的表示并列關系的標志性詞語有first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),next/then,finally/last,firstofall,foronething,foranotherthing,some...others...,tobeginwith,toconclude等；常見的表示遞進關系的標志性詞語有also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...等。【真題典例】(2021全年國甲卷)●Invite5－10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.Lesspeoplethanthat,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●18.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.G．Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition轉折或讓步關系轉折或讓步關系是指后一句對前一句構成逆轉邏輯關系。常見表示轉折或讓步關系的標志性詞語有but,however,nevertheless,still,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,instead,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison,bycomparison等?！菊骖}典例】(2019年全國卷Ⅰ)Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?因果關系因果關系是指后一句為前一句的結果(有時也為原因)。常見的標志性詞語有so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat,resultin/from,leadto,dueto,thanksto,owingto等。【真題典例】(2020年浙江高考)MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.34Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特點)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.F．Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.例證關系例證關系是前后句的某句是為了證明或解釋另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點)和推理(從觀點到例子)。常見的標志性詞語有forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatis(tosay)等?！菊骖}典例】(2021年浙江高考)“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.35Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing，”Paulosays.B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.知識點三段尾題命題規律：段尾設空的題多為總結本段內容，偶有起承上啟下的作用。即要么是結論句，要么就是承上啟下句。題型和考查角度：結論句：用于總結本段內容，常含有總結性的詞語。承上啟下句：此空處的答案能夠將上段和下段的內容連貫起來?？偨Y概括句解題策略：1.做題時一要注意設空的前一句或前兩三句；2.要注意在選項中查找表示結果、結論、總結的詞語如thus,therefore,hence,so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumup等；承上啟下(過渡)句解題策略：1.在選項中找不出與前文之間的關聯，此時要考慮與下一段開頭是否有銜接，認真閱讀下一段的開頭幾句，看是否能緊密聯系起來。2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能連貫起來。3.通常是結論、概括性語句。要注意表示總結的信號詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語，選項中也可發現前文的同義詞句。4.與前文是轉折或對比關系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉折、對比的關聯詞，同時注意選項中所講內容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比、轉折、排比、并列、遞進等關系。根據段落一致性原則，在原文和選項中找到相關的特征詞，【典例】(2023屆福建省高三聯合測評試題)●Sende-mailsinsteadoftraditionalmail.Traditional,postedmailsrequirealotofpaper.Therearealsosomeotherdisadvantagestotraditionalmail.E-mailshaveafewadvantages,includingbeingdeliveredmuchquickerthantraditionalmail,theabilitytobesenttoonepersonoralargergroup,andbeingabletosendthematanytime.A．TakingcareoftheEarthiseveryone’sjob.B．Youcouldusenoteapporwordprocessortodothis.C．Usingoldnewspapersisagreat,eco-friendlywaytowrapgifts.D．Youcouldalsotextorcallsomeoneasopposedtosendingtraditionalmail.E．Thebackofapieceofpapercanbeusedforthingslikedraftsorothernotes.F．Ittakesalotlessenergytorecyclepaperthantomakesomefromrawmaterial.G．Traditionalmailisperhapsoneofthemostexcitingwaystohearfromsomeone.考向一段首句（2023屆遼寧省沈陽市二中模擬試題）___It’seasytogiveinwhenyourchildrenarelosingtheirtempers.Buteachtimeyougivethemwhattheywant,youteachyourchildrenthattheirunacceptableactsareaneffectivewaytogettheirneedsmet.Ifyouwanttoraisementallystrongkids,sticktoyourlimits.A．GivingintomisbehaviorB．KeepingtoyourprinciplesC．TeachthemnottogiveupdreamseasilyD．KidstendtohaveawidevarietyofemotionsE．Therefore,setlimitsonwhatyougiveyourchildrenF．Youmaythinkit’scutetospendmoremoneyonyourchildrenG．Theyarealsomorelikelytostrugglewithself-confidenceissues考向二段中句（2023屆吉林省長春吉大附中實驗學校模擬試題）Don’twatchorreadscarycontentbeforebed.Images-fromanyexcitingordisturbingcontentyouwatchbeforebedcanappearinyourdreams.

164Readingthenewsmediaandthenhoppingintobedismorelikelytogiverisetoupsettingdreamsthanlookingthroughpicturesfromyourlastvacationwithyourfamily.A．Useawhitenoisemachine.B．Practicestress-relievingactivities.C．Ahealthysleeproutinebegetssoundsleep.D．Instead,tryherbalteasandotherdrinksaidingsleep.E．Howcanwereducenightmaresandimproveoursleep?F．Duringthepandemic,evenoureverydaylivesarelookingprettyscary,too.G．Dreamsandrapideyemovementsleepisessentialformemoryimprovement.考向三段尾句（2023屆遼寧省沈陽市二中模擬試題）ExpectingPerfectionWhilehighexpectationsaregoodforkids,settingthegoaltoohighislikelytogettheoppositeeffect.Whetheryouexpecttoomuchfromyourchildonthesportsfield,oryouracademicexpectationsareunreasonable,kidswhofeeltheycan’tsucceedarelikelytostoptrying..A．GivingintomisbehaviorB．KeepingtoyourprinciplesC．TeachthemnottogiveupdreamseasilyD．KidstendtohaveawidevarietyofemotionsE．Therefore,setlimitsonwhatyougiveyourchildrenF．Youmaythinkit’scutetospendmoremoneyonyourchildrenG．Theyarealsomorelikelytostrugglewithself-confidenceissues（2023年新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯)ishuman.____16____Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis....Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”____17____Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E