專業英語四級(閱讀)模擬試卷14(共

9套)

(共215題)

專業英語四級(閱讀)模擬試卷第1套

一、選擇題(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)

(1)Theideaofcreatingasystemthatallowstheunderprivilegedtheopportunitytobreak

thecycleandachievesomethingispraiseworthy.Soitneverceasestoamazeinehow

somethingsonoblecanbesoblatantlyabusedandtheoffendersareabletogetawaywith

it.(2)1liveinacountry——theonlycountry,Imightadd——thatwascolonisedthroughan

actofdiplomacyandnotforce.Thecitizensofthecountrybecamemembersofthe

BritishEmpirebyscratchinginkonthepaperofapoorlytranslatedtreatythat

disadvantagedthemfromthebeginning.AllbecauseofsomegreedyBritswantedto

tradelandforglassbeads,tobaccoandblankets.(lnsomeways,thistreatyprotectedthe

nativesfromsomeprettynastyscams,butonlysothatthegovernmentcouldscamthe

tribesthemselves).Thethirdarticleofthistreatyallowedthe"natives"(althoughtheir

claimtobenativeofthelandinquestionisdubiousinitself-theyweremerelythere

beforetheBritish)alltherightsandbenefitsofasubjectundertheruleofHerMajesty

QueenVictoria.Thehistorylessonisnearlyover-bearwithme,itisrelevant.(3)The

rightsandbenefitsofbecomingamemberoftheBritishEmpireincludedthebanningof

thenativelanguagetobetaughtinschoolsandusedtocommunicateinpublic.The

savagesweretobetamed.Foracountrysoprogressivethatgavewomenthevote10

yearsbeforetherestofthsworld(ifonlytocallapolitician'sbluff),thiswasabarbaric

act.Buttheseactsofnaturalisation,andreparationhavesincebeencarriedoutbythe

governmentforthelast50-75years,allowingthenativesextrarightsandbenefitsasto

soothetheindignitydonetotheirancestors.Nowaconsiderablenumberofthe

"disenfranchised"liveonasocialwelfarebenefitfromthegovernment,andcanafford

cableTV,allthelatestmod-consandafasttrackintothegoodlifeofhigher

education(allsubsidised,ofcourse)inthename,notofaffirmativeaction-althoughit

is—butofracialappeasement.NowIcouldtalkaboutsomeoftheblindprivilegesthat

comewiththis,butIwillsavethatessayforanotherday.ThetopicIwishtoaddress

todayarethosewhoarebornwithsilverspoonsintheirmouthsthatclaimthesebenefits

withoutbattinganeyelid.(4)Inordertoclaimanumberofthesebenefits,oneneedonly

l/16thofnativebloodinone'sfamilytobeconsidered"native".Soyouhaveblond-

hairedblue-eyed"natives'*thathavenoclueoftheirwhakapapa,letalonecanspeakthe

language.Theseyoungopportunistscomefromupperclassfamilies.Theywenttothe

bestprivateschools,andfbrbirthdays,mummyanddaddydearestsentthemaroundthe

worldtoseehistoryandwhatrealcultureis.Thesebrightyoungthingshavetrustfunds

amountingtotensofthousandsthattheywillgetwhentheyturn21.They'reonafirst

namebasiswithall(hehotshotcompanydirectorsandpoliticians,andtheystillhavethe

audacitytoclaim-andreceive—thescholarshipsandbenefitstheirlessfortunate

counterpartsdeserve.(5)Thisiswherethe"blindeye"ofprivilegeamazesme.As

Betacandy'sfirstpostsobeautifullysetsout-privilegeissomethinggivenorassumedso

oftenthatasetofactionsandexpectationsarebuiltupandbecomeanormalattitudeto

associatewithspecificpractices,racesandgender.Theselectionprocessassuresusthat

equalopportunitiesareaffordedtoeachapplicant(thatassertionisworthanotherwhole

rantinitselQ.Howcanthecloseexaminationofeachapplicant-theirachievementsand

background-allowsuchagrossabuseofprivilegetotakeplace?Thisismerelyone

countrywhereithappens.andIcouldgoonforeveronthissubject.(6)Theprivilegedare

simplythat-privileged.Whatgivesthemtherighttotakeforthemselvesthe

opportunitiesofferedtothosewhocannotaffordtopayfortheexperienceinthefirst

place?Somebody,please,answermethis.

1、Therewasa"poorlytranslated"treatybecause.

ANtheBritsdidn'ttakeitseriously

B、theBritsintendeditasascam

C^thenativesweremostlyunabletoreadorwrite

D、thenativeswereguaranteedwhattheywanted

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據題干中的poorlytranslatedtreaty定位到第2段第2句和第3句。

第3句的becauseof表明了原因，再加上第3句后括號里的附加信息，可以確定本

題應選B。

2、Whatdoestheauthorthinkabouttheblond-hairedblue-eyed"natives"?

A、Theyareproudofbeingnatives.

B、Theyareashamedoftheiiidentity.

C^Theirfamilyoriginishardtotraceback.

D^Theydon'tknowabouttheirfamilyorigin.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據題干中的blond-hairedblue一eyed定位到第5段第2句。雖然我

們不知道該句中的whakapapa是什么，但上一句提到的1/16thofnativeblood和這

一句的letalonecanspeakthelanguage可以推斷這金發碧眼的所謂的“印第安人”對

于其宣稱的印第安祖先的語言、文化是一無所知的，可見，本題應選D。

3、Accordingtothefifthparagraph,theauthorthinksthatthe"selection

process".

A、offersequalopportunitytoeachapplicant

B、closelyexamineseachapplicant

C、allowsagrossabuseofprivileges

D、neglectsachievementsandbackground

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第5段第3句中的assures表明該句提到的是政府對享受優惠的對象

進行的篩選過程的態度，而下一句疑問句的形式表示作者對此篩選過程的質疑，在

這兩句中，selectionprocess和closeexamination是同一回事，可見，第4句中作者

對closeexamination的質疑也就是對selectionprocess的質疑，因此,本題應選C。

A和B不是作者對selectionprocess的態度，而是政府對selectionprocess的立場。

D中的neglecl缺乏原文依據。

(l)YellowstoneNationalParkisinthewesternstateofWyoming.Itisoneofthemost

unusualplacesin(hewuild.Extiemelyliotwalershootsoutofthegroundinseveral

hundredplaces.Smalllakescontainwaterthatissohoiitisdangeroustocometooclose.

(2)Visitorscanwatchbubblescomingupthroughboilinghotmud.Theycanseerocks

thatwereonceliquidandhavecooledintostrangeshapes.(3)Yellowstoneisbuiltonan

ancientvolcano.Alakeofhotliquidrockisaboutsixkilometersunderthepark.This

lakeisaboutsixty-fivckilometerswide.Expertssaythislakeisunderhugeamountsof

pressure.Thepressureandheatcausehotwatertoshootoutofthegroundandmudto

boilatYellowstone.(4)YellowstoneNationalParkistheoldestnationalparkinthe

world.Aboutthreemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.Itsgreatnaturalbeautyhasmadeit

oneofthemostpopularnationalparks.(5)Mostvisitorsliketosee"OldFaithful,"the

world'smostfamousgeyser.Ageysershootshotwaterhighintotheair.Therearemore

thanthreehundredgeysersinYellowstone.(6)OldFaithfulisnotthebiggestorthemost

beautifulgeyser.Butitisthemostpopular.VisitorsgatheraroundOldFaithfulbefore

eacheruption.Expertsattheparkareabletopredictwhenthesewillhappen.Theaverage

timebetweeneruptionsisaboutninetyminutes.OldFaithfulshootswateranaverageof

fortymetersintotheair.Thiseruptionlastsbetweentwoandfiveminutes.OldFaithful

releasesuptoaboutthirtythousandlitersofwaterintotheaireachtime.(7)Thehotspot

deepunderthegroundproducesgeyserslikeOldFaithful.OldFaithfulisevidenceofthe

volcanicactivityatYellowstone.ButwilltheYellowstonevolcanoeruptagain?Most

expertsthinktheanswerisyes.Butnooneknowswhen.Themostrecentofthethree

extremelypowerfuleruptionswasaboutsixhundredfiftythousandyearsago.(8)Experts

sayatleastthirtysmallervolcaniceruptionshavetakenplaceatYellowstone.Someof

thesewereperhapsasbigasthenineteenninety-oneeruptionatMountPinatubointhe

Philippines.Severalarebelievedtohavebeenmuchlarger.Themostrecentofthese

smallereruptionstookplaceaboutseventythousandyearsago.(9)Volcanoexpertssayit

isextremelydifficulttotellwhenYellowstonemightbecomeanactivevolcanoagain.

However,earthquakesnearavolcanoarcusuallygoodevidencethatavolcanomight

becomeactiveagain.Forexample,MountSaintHelensinthenorthwesternstateof

Washingtonexplodedinnineteeneighty.Severalearthquakestookplacenearthevolcano

beforethattime.Onthemorningthatitexploded,MountSaintHelensexperiencedan

earthquakeoffivepointoneontheRichterscale.(10)YellowstoneNationalPark

experiencesseveralthousandearthquakeseachyear.Mostareverysmall.Theycannotbe

felt.Theycanonlybemeasuredbyscientificinstruments.However,inAugustof

nineteenfifty-nine,anearthquakeatYellowstonemeasuredsevenpointfiveonthe

Richterscale.Twenty-eightpeoplewerekilled.(1l)Itwasoneofthestrongest

earthquakeseverrecordedintheUnitedStates.ButYellowstone'ssleepinggiantvolcano

didnoterupt.(12)Intwothousandone,theUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey,

YellowstoneNationalParkandtheUniversityofUtahsignedanagreement.(13)That

agreementestablishedtheYellowstoneVolcanoObservatory.Undertheagreement,the

park,theGeologicalSurveyandtheuniversityareresponsibleforimprovingeffortsto

studythevolcanicsystemofYellowstone.(14)Theobservatoryusesinformationfrom

manydifferentinstrumentsonthegroundandfromsatellitestostudythevolcano.The

informationwillhelpofficialswarnthepubliconceifYellowstone'shugevolcanoshows

anysignoferuption.(15)ExpertsattheobservatorysayYellowstonerepresentssome

dangertothepublic.Italwayshas.However,itsnaturalbeautyalsomakesitatreasure

thatcouldnotbepossiblewithoutthesleepinggiantvolcanothatisunderYellowstone

NationalPark.

4、TheOldFaithfulshowsthatthevolcanicactivityatYellowstoneis.

A、constant

B、perilous

C、inactive

D^unstable

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據題干中專有名詞OldFaithful定位到第5段至第7段。本題實際

上考查哪個選項符合原文對OldFaithful的描述。第6段提到OldFaithful的噴發時

間很穩定，可以預測，因此應選A,而題干中的volcanicactivityatYellowstone

屬于強干擾內容，如果只考慮到“火山活動”，很可能會誤選其他選項。

5、WhatistrueaboutthevolcaniceruptioninYellowstone?

A、Expertspredictthatvolcaniceruptionisunlikelytohappenrecently.

B、Thereareatleast30smallvolcaniceruptionseveryyear.

C、ThevolcaniceruptionscanbecomparedtothatatMountPinatubo.

D、Therehavebeenthreeextremelypowerfulvolcaniceruptionssofar.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據題干中的volcaniceruptioninYclowstone定位到第7至9段。從

第7段最后一句可推斷D的說法正確。最具干擾性的是C,將其與第8段第2句相

比，可發現原文該句開頭的Someofthese是指“一些較小規模的火山噴發"，這與C

的主語Thevolcaniceruptions所指范圍顯然不同。

6、WhatdotheexpertsfindoutaboutthevolcanoatYellowstone?

A、Itseruptioniscloselyrelatedtotheearthquakesnearby.

B、Thestrongeranearthquakenearbyis,themorepossiblyiterupts.

C、Earthquakesnearbyareuselessinregardtothepredictionofitseruption.

D、Itseruptionhasnothingtodowiththeearthquakesnearby.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題考查volcano與earthquake的關系，定位到第9至11段。第10

段最后兩句和第11段表明黃石公園的火山是否爆發與地震沒有關系。雖然第9段

第2句表明地震和火山密切相關，但要注意本題詢問的只是“黃石國家公園的火

山

7、Whichofthefollowingquestionhasbeenillustratedinthepassage?

A^WhyistheOldFaithfulthemostpopulargeyser?

B、Howistheformationofgeysersrelatedtovolcanoes?

C、WhatmakesYellowstoneanationaltreasure?

D、WhatcausesMountSaintHelenstoeruptin1980?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題實際上為主旨大意題。本文開始介紹了黃石國家公園最著名的問

歇泉TheOldFaiihful,然后以此引出“火山”這個話題，這個話題一直延續到文章末

尾，根據對文章結構幾個部分內容的分析可確定本題應選Bo

(l)WhcnScroogeawokeitwassodark,that,lookingoutofbed,hecouldscarcely

distinguishthetransparentwindowfromtheopaquewallsofhischamber.Hewas

endeavouringtopiercethedarknesswithhisferreteyes,whenthechimesofa

neighbouringchurchstruckthefourquarters.Sohelistenedforthehour.(2)Tohisgreat

astonishment,theheavybellwentonfromsixtoseven,andfromseventoeight,and

regularlyuptotwelve;thenstopped.Twelve!Itwaspasttwowhenhewenttobed.The

clockwaswrong.Aniciclemusthavegotintotheworks.Twelve!(3)Hetouchedthe

springofhisrepeater,tocorrectthismostpreposterousclock.Itsrapidlittlepulsebeat

twelve,andstopped."Why,itisn'tpossible,"saidScrooge,"thatIcanhavesleptthrough

awholedayandfarintoanothernight.Itisn'tpossiblethatanythinghashappenedtothe

sun,andthisistwelveatnoon!"(4)Theideabeinganalarmingone,hescrambledoutof

bed,andgropedhiswaytothewindow.Hewasobligedtorubthefrostoffwiththe

sleeveofhisdressing-gownbeforehecouldseeanything;andcouldseeverylittlethen.

Allhecouldmakeoutwas,thatitwasstillveryfoggyandextremelycold,andthatthere

wasnonoiseofpeoplerunningtoandfro,andmakingagreatstir,asthere

unquestionablywouldhavebeenifnighthadbeatenoffbrightday,andtakenpossession

oftheworld.Thiswasagreatrelief,because"ThreedaysaftersightofthisFirstof

ExchangepaytoMr.EbenezerScroogeorhisorder,"andsoforth,wouldhavebecomea

mereUnitedStatessecurityiftherewerenodaystocountby.(5)Scroogewenttobed

agnin,andthought,andthought,andrhonghtitoverandover,andcouldmakenothingof

it.Themorehethought,themoreperplexedhewas;and,themoreheendeavourednotto

think,themorehethought.(6)Marley'sGhostbotheredhimexceedingly.Everytimehe

resolvedwithinhimself,aftermatureenquiry,thatitwasalladrcam,hismindflewback

again,likeastrongspringreleased,toitsfirstposition,andpresentedthesameproblem

tobeworkedallthrough,"Wasitadreamornot?"(7)Scroogelayinthisstateuntilthe

chimehadgonethree-quartersmore,whenheremembered,onasudden,thattheGhost

hadwarnedhimofavisitationwhenthebelltolledone.Heresolvedtolieawakeuntilthe

hourwaspassed;and,consideringthathecouldnomoregotosleepthangotoheaven,

thiswas,perhaps,thewisestresolutioninhispower.(8)Thequarterwassolong,thathe

wasmorethanonceconvincedhemusthavesunkintoadozeunconsciously,andmissed

theclock.Atlengthitbrokeuponhislisteningcar.(9)"Ding,dong!'*(10)"Aquarter

past,"saidScrooge,counting.(Il)"Ding,dong!"(12)"Halfpast,"saidScrooge.

(13)HDing,dong!"(14)"Aquartertoit,"saidScrooge.(15)HDing,dong!"(16)"Thehour

itself,"saidScroogetriumphantly,"andnothingelse!"(17)Hespokebeforethehourbell

sounded,whichitnowdidwithadeep,dull,hollow,melancholyONE.Lightflashedup

intheroomupontheinstant,andthecurtainsofhisbedweredrawn.(18)Thecurtainsof

hisbedweredrawnaside.Itellyou,byahand.Notthecurtainsathisfeet,northe

curtainsathisback,butthosetowhichhisfacewasaddressed.Thecurtainsofhisbed

weredrawnaside;andScrooge,startingupintoahalf-recumbentattitude,foundhimself

facetofacewiththeunearthlyvisitorwhodrewthem:asclosetoitasIamnowtoyou,

andIamstandinginthespiritatyourelbow.

8、ItwasmostalarmingtoScroogethat.

A、hehadsleptforawholeday

B、therewasanicicleintheclock

C、hemightneverseethesunagain

D、itwasnoonbutitwasdarkoutside

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據題干中的alarming一詞可定位到第4段第1句。該句中的the

idea應該是指上一段最后一句的那個想法，D與此句內容最為相近。如確定了

Scrooge醒來時是中午12點，他只是從半夜睡到中午12點，A的說法就不正確

了；關于icicle—詞，可在第2段末尾找到，該句中的musthavebeen表明這是一

個假設，并不是鐘里面真的有icicle,可見B不對；C中的never...again缺乏

原文依據。

9、Marley'sGhostkeptScroogethinkingthat.

A、whathesawwasnothingbutadream

B、allthathappenedwasmorethanadrcam

C、springwouldcomesoon

D、springwouldnevercome

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據題干中的Marley'sGhost定位到第6段。該段最后一句Wasita

dreamornot?表明Scrooge總在想后遇到的一切是否只是夢，這也意味著他覺得那

一切不只是夢，因此，在A和B之間，B更貼近Scrooge的想法。

10、Ataquartertoone,Scroogemadeadecisionto.

A、lieawake

B、gotosleep

C、gotoheaven

D^regainhispower

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據題干中的aquartertoone定位到第7段。該段第2句開頭的He

resolvedto與本題中的hemadeadecisionto為近義改寫，顯然，A就是原文

resolvedto后的內容，故A為答案。

二、簡答題（本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。）

PASSAGEONE

11、Whatissueistheauthormostconcernedaboutinthispassage?

標準答案：Theabuseofprivileges.

知識點解析：本文的第1、2段是引入部分，主要問題在第3段到最后一段討論，

根據這四段的內容來看，作者最關注的是優惠政策被某些人濫用的問題，第3段的

最后一句和第5段的倒數第二句都對作者想要討論的問題作了概拈，第3段最后一

句的表達過長，不符合本部分的答題要求，所以最好能利用第5段倒數第二句提到

的abuseofprivileges作為本題答案。

12、Whichparagraphappearsleastconcernedwiththethemeofthepassage?

標準答案：Paragraph2.

知識點解析：正如回答上題所作的分析指出，本文的第1、2段是引入部分，主要

介紹印第安人的歷史，還沒進入主題，這一點從第2段最后一句就可以知道。主要

問題從第3段才開始討論。雖然第2段與其他四段所講的內容也不無聯系，但畢竟

它的關注點不是圍繞“印第安人優惠政策被濫用”這個主題，因此，可以說第2段離

主題最遠。

13、PASSAGETWO

標準答案：IftheYellowstonevolcanowilleruptagain./WhentheYellowstone

volcanowillerupt（again）.

知識點解析：第7段第3句和倒數第2段最后一句表明專家擔憂的是黃石國家公園

的火山是否會再次爆發，或者說什么時候會再爆發，本題答案應表達出這種意思。

PASSAGETHREE

14^WhattimewasitwhenScroogewokeup?

標準答案：Twelveo'clockatnoon.

知識點解析：第1段最后一句表明Scrooge醒來后，聽著教堂的鐘聲，想聽聽看是

幾點了，第2段表明他聽到鐘聲一直到第十二下才停了下來，這表明當時是12點

了；第3段最后一句（真實語氣句）表明那是中午12點，而且第4段第3句中的if

nighthadbeatenoffbrightday這一虛擬語氣句表明事實應與句中的假設相反。因

此，當時不是半夜，而是白天，綜合來看，可確定當時應為中午12點。

15、Findingitwasquietoutside,whatdidScroogefeel?

標準答案：Hefeltreassured./Hewasrelieved.

知識點解析：本題答案在第4段第3、4句。該段第3句提到Scrooge發現街上仍

然很平靜,第4句開頭的Thiswasagreatrelief表明他對此感到安心了,故本題填

入Hefeltreassured./Hewasrelievedo

專業英語四級（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套

一、常規閱讀理解（含5小題）（本題共20題，每題

L0分,共20分。）

Creationistsaredeeplyenamoredofthefossilrecord,becausetheyhavebeentaughtto

repeatoverandoverthatitisfullof"gaps'*:"Showmeyour'intermediates*!"They

fondlyimaginethatthese"gaps"areanembarrassmenttoevolutionists.Actually,we

don'tneedfossils.Theevidenceforevolutionwouldbeentirelysecureevenifnota

singlecorpsehadeverfossilized,forthereismorethanenoughevidenceforthefactof

evolutioninthecomparativestudyofmodernspeciesandtheirgeographicaldistribution.

Thecaseforevolutioniswatertightwithoutfossils,soitisparadoxicaltousegapsinthe

fossilrecordasthoughtheywereevidenceagainstevolution.Whatwouldbeevidence

againstevolutionwouldbethediscoveryofevenasinglefossilinthewronggeological

stratum.AsJ.B.S.Haldanefamouslyretortedwhenaskedtonameanobservationthat

woulddisprovethetheoryofevolution,''FossilrabbitsinthePrecambri-an!HNosuch

rabbits,noauthenticallyanachronisticfossilsofanykind,haveeverbeenfound.Allthe

fossilsthatwchave,andtherearcmanyindeed,occur,withoutasingleauthenticated

exception,intherighttemporalsequence.Yes,therearegapswheretherearenofossils

atall,andthatisonlytobeexpected.Butnotasinglesolitaryfossilhaseverbeenfound

beforeitcouldhaveevolved.Thatisaverytellingfact.Agoodtheoryisonethatis

vulnerabletodisproof,yetisnotdisproved.Evolutioncouldsoeasilybedisprovedifjust

asinglefossilturnedupinthewrongdateorder.Evolutionhaspassedthistestwith

flyingcolors.Skepticsofevolutionwhowishtoprovetheircaseshouldbediligently

scrabblingaroundintherocks,desperatelytryingtofindanachronisticfossils.Maybe

they'llfindone.Wantabet?Thebiggestgap,andtheonethecreationistslikebestofall,

istheonethatprecededtheso-calledCambrianExplosion.Alittlemorethanhalfa

billionyearsago,intheCambrianera,mostofthegreatanimalphyla（門類）"suddenly”

appearinthefossilrecord.Suddenly,thatis,inthesensethatnofossilsoftheseanimal

groupsareknowninrocksolderthantheCambrian,notsuddenlyinthesenseof

instantaneously;theperiodwearetalkingaboutcoversabout20millionyears.Anyv/ay,

itisstillquitesudden.AndtheCambrianshowsusasubstantialnumberofmajoranimal

phyla"alreadyinanadvancedstateofevolution,theveryfirsttimetheyappear.Itisas

thoughtheywerejustplantedthere,withoutanyevolutionaryhistory."Evolutionistsof

allstripesbelieve,however,thatthisreallydoesrepresentaverylargegapinthefossil

record.Ontheevolutionaryview,aretheresofewfossilsbeforetheCambrianera?Well,

presumably,whateverfactorsappliedtotheflatwomis（扁蟲）throughoutgeologicaltime

tothisday,thosesamefactorsappliedtotherestoftheanimalkingdombeforethe

Cambrian.Probably,mostanimalsbeforetheCambrianweresoft-bodiedlikemodem

flatworms,probablyrathersmalllikemodernturbellarians（渦蟲類）一justnotgoodfossil

material.Thensomethinghappenedhalfabillionyearsagotoallowanimalstofossilize

freely-thearisingofhard,mineralizedskeletons,torexample.

1、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,wecanlearnthat.

theevolutionistsdonotadmitthatthereare"gaps"inthefossilrecord

B、evolutionistsgreatlyrelyonthefossilrecordtodetecttheevolutiontrace

C、studiesofmodernspeciesandtheirgeographicaldistributioncansupportthe

evolutiontheory

D^theevolutiontheorycannotbeestablishedwithoutthefossilrecord

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理題。由題干定位到第一段，該段介紹了造物論者認為化石鏈的斷

裂可以反駁進化論，而進化論者認為并不需要依靠化石提供的信息來說明進化論的

正確性，現代科學進行的物種及其地理分布方面的比較研究也能提供充分的依據證

明進化論的正確性，可見［C］符合文意。［A『進化論者不承認有化石鏈斷裂的現象

存在“，［B『進化論者在很大程度上依靠化石來尋找進化痕跡”，沒有化石提供

證據，進化理論就不成立“，這三項均與文意相悖，故都排除。

2、The"tellingfact"inParagraph2referstothefactthat.

A、nofossilhaseverbeenfoundbeforeitcouldhaveevolved

B>therearegapswheretherearenofossilsatall

C、therehasbeennostrongevidenceagainstevolutiontheory

D、afossilbelongingto(hewrongdateordercandisproveevolution

標準答案：A

知識點解析：語義題。由題干定位到第二段第六句和第七句"Butnotasinglesolitary

fossilhaseverbeenfoundbeforeitcouldhaveevolved.That,isaverytellingfact.”

我們可以看出第七句的ihal是指代前一句的內容，所以［A］是符合文意的。［B『存

在完全沒有化石記錄的叱石鏈斷裂處”是進化論者意料之中的，并不是能反駁該理

論的atellingfact所指，不符合題干的要求，故排除［B］；［C］”沒有推翻進化論的證

據''是從aiellingfacl中推導出來的，故不選［C|；［D/一個出現在錯誤時間點上的

化石可以推翻進化論”也不是atellingfact所指，所以也排除。

3、AccordingtoParagraph3,thefollowingclaimsarccorrectEXCEPTthat.

A、noanimalphylaexistbeforetheCambrianera

B、CambrianExplosionisafossildiscovery

C、onlyfossilsofadvancedanimalphylahavebeenfoundyet

D、CambrianExplosionindicatesagapintheanimalphylafossilrecord

標準答案：A-

知識點解析：推理題。由題干定位到第三段第三句，'Suddenly,thatis,inthesense

thatnofossilsoftheseanimalgroupsareknowninrocksolderthantheCambriaru..”和

第五句”…majoranimalphyla'alreadyinanadvancedstateofevolution,theveryfirst

timetheyappear.“突然”是指沒有發現這些動物早期進化階段的化石，而是直接

發現了這類動物較高級進化階段的化石，可見，［A］”在Cambrian之前沒有動物門

類存在”不符合文意，故選［A］。［B］”寒武紀大爆炸是化石上的重大發現“，［C/只發

現了關于主要動物門類的高級進化階段的化石“，［D『寒武紀大爆炸顯示出化石鏈

上存在斷裂的情況”，這三項都符合文意，故排除。

4、Ontheevolutionaryview,therearesofewfossilsbeforetheCambrianeraprobably

because.

A、somecomplexfactorsdestroyedtheevolutionaryprocess

B、somethinghappenedtopreventanimalsfromfossilizingfreelybeforetheCambrian

C^mostanimals'bodiesbeforetheCambrianweresoftandtoosmalltoformfossils

D、therewasreallyaverylargegapinthefossilrecord

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節題。本文最后一段第三句提到“可能在寒武紀以前，大多數動物

是像現在的扁蟲那樣的軟體動物，大概像現在的渦蟲類動物那樣小，而不能構成好

的化石材料“，所以［C『在寒武紀以前大多數動物是軟體動物，并且因太小不能形

成化石”正確。［AJ.［B］在文中都沒有提到，屬無中生有，故排除；［D］說的是事

實，但不是對原因的分析，也排除。

5、Inthepassage,theauthordoesNOT.

A、explainwhyevolutiontheoryhasnotbeendisproved

B、introducethebiggestgapinthefossilrecordtorefutethecreationists

C>encouragetheskepticsofevolutiontocollectevidenceagainstevolution

D、explainwhythefossilrecordisnottheonlyevidenceofevolution

標準答案：c.

知識點解析?：主旨題。通觀全文，文章第一段介紹化石并不是唯一的信息來源；第

二段介紹為H么到現在為止，還沒有出現過權威認定的可.以挑戰進化論的證據；第

三段介紹到目前為止發現的最大的一個化石鏈的斷裂，并說明進化論者對這些“斷

裂”的解釋,由此可以排除［A］、［B］和［D］。雖然文章原句有“Maybethey'llfind

one”，但這并不能說明作者鼓勵懷疑者搜集證據來反對進化論，故選［0。

Traditionally,weassociatetheearlyyearswithriskybehavior-butoneconsequenceof

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mil-lennialsand30-somelhingssaytheirtoleranceforriskyinvestmentismuchlower

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