專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷23

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Therearctwomainchangescomparingwiththepast.First,therearcnewdefinitionsof

whatmancanachieve,ofwhatahumanstandardoflifeshouldbe.Inrecenttimesthis

hasbeenparticularlytruesincetechnologyhasconsistentlybroadenedman'spotential,it

hasmadealonger,healthier,betterlifepossible.Thus,intermsofwhatistechnically

possible,wehavehigheraspirations.Thosewhosufferlevelsoflifewellbelowiho/n

thatarcpossible,eventhoughtheylivebetterthanmedievalknights（「口世名己騎士）or

Asianpeasants,arepoor.Relatedtothistechnologicaladvanceisthesocialdefinitionof

poverty.TheAmericanrichinHongKongorinthesixteenthcenturyarepoorhereand

nowintheUnitedStates.Theyaredispossessedinlermsofwhslihereslof【henations

enjoy,inleirnsofwhalihesocietycouldprovideifithadihewill.Theyliveonthe

fringe,themargin.Theywatchthemoviesandreadthemagazinesofaffluent（豐富

fl\J）American,andthesewilltellthemthattheyareinternalexiles（放逐）.Andfinally,one

ofthereasonsthattheincomefiguresshowfewerpeopletodaywithlowincomesthan20

yearsagoisthatmorewivesareworkingnow,andfamilyincomehasrisenasaresult.In

1940,15%ofwiveswereinthelaborforce;in1957thefigurewas30%.Thismeansthat

therewasmoremoneyand,presumably（大概）,lesspoverty.Yetatremendousgrowthin

thenumberoftheimpoverishment（貧窮）o「homelife,ofchildrenwhoreceivelesscare,

love,andsupervision.Thisonefact,forinstance,mightwellplayasignificantroleinthe

problemsoftheyounginAmerica.Itcouldmeanthatwehavemadeanimprovementin

incomestatisticsatthecostofhurtingthousandsandthousandsofchildren.Ifaperson

hasmoneybutachievesthisthroughmortgagingthefuture,whoistosaythatheorsheis

nolongerpoor?

1、Inrecenttimes,asfarastechnologyisconcerned,thosewhoarepoor.

A^livebetterthanAsianpeasants

B、leadbetterlivesthanmedievalknights

C、cannotachievethelivingstandardthattechnologycanmake

D^havenoaspiration

標準答案：C

知識點解析：C選項所表達的意思與第一段最后一句中的“…sufferlevelsoflifbwell

belowthosethatarepossible',一致，故選C（參見難句分析）。A^B雖然正確，但不是

就技術而言的，所以排除：D為干擾項，原文第四句中出現了“wchavchighcr

aspiration-,但這里的we是一個寬泛的概念，不是只針對富人或窮人而言的，跟

題干所問的不相干。

2、Inthesecondparagraph,"theyarcinternalexiles"implies.

A、theirinternalfeelingsaredifferentfromtherestofnation

B>theyarediscriminatedbytherestofthenation

C>theyareexcessivelylonelythanpeopleinothercountries

D^theycan'tenjoywhattherestofthenationdoconcerningwhatthesocietyprovides

標準答案：D

知識點解析：將線索定位在第:段最后一句中的“theyareinternalexiles”就可以得出

D項正確（參考難句分析）。A、B是根據internalexiles的字面意思得出的錯誤理

解；C是對exile的錯誤理解。

Theso-calledAmericanpoorcanonlybedefinedby.

A、technology

Americansocialbackground

C^thelivingstandardintheU.S.

D、thelivingstandardofHongKong

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從文章第一段最后一句及第二段可知，美國所謂的窮人是以美國本身

的生活水平來劃分的。第二段第一句“對于貧窮的社會定義是和這種科技進步聯系

在一起的“，這里講的是定義“貧窮”時需要考慮到科技進步的因素，因此科技只是

影響“貧窮”的一個因素而不是決定因素，所以排除A；B項從字面上看講得通，但

文中未提到社會背景方面的內容，而且生活標準僅是社會背景的一個方面；D項

“香港的生活標準”顯然不對。

4、MorewomenareworkinginAmerica,whichmeans.

A、improvementofallaspectsofpeople'slives

B、fewerpeoplearepoorintheU.S.today

C>thenation'seconomygrowsrapidly

D、therisingoffamilyincomes

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文章第二段第一句：婦女參加T作的結果是家庭收入增加可知答

案應選D。A項是說人民生活各個方面的提高，與原文內容不符；選項B中的

poor沒具體交代是哪一方面，在一個國家的不同時期，是否“貧窮”的標準是不同

的，更多婦女參加工作，家庭收入增加，不能直接得出貧窮人口更少的結論；C項

原文未提及。

5、Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestdescribesthelastparagraph?

A、Womenareplayingalessimportantroleineducatingchildren.

B、It'sreallyunnecessaryfbrwomentowork.

C^Improvementinincomeatthecostofthehappinessofchildrendoesn'tmeanrich.

D、Problemsoftheyoungwillbesolvedifwomendonotwork.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第三段中說婦女參加工作使得家庭收入增加，但卻以傷害成千上萬兒

童的幸福為代價。最后一句是對該段的總結，也為該段的主旨，與選項C相符。A

項這一說法本身正確，但不全面；B"婦女有沒有必要出去工作”和D“如果婦女不工

作就可以解決孩子的問題”原文未提及。

Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoes

notliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaimforit,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty,or

anyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisaction

willproduceresults.However,ifitdocsnot,therearcvariousmeanstheconsumermay

usetogainsatisfaction.Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersisto

complaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the"higherup"theconsumertakeshis

orhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacase,itis

usuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.Consumers

shouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceof

purchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.Complainingis

usuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhenthe

consumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscannotbe

done,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatis

wrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,"Theleftspeakerdoes

notworkatallandthesoundcoiningoutoftherightisunclear"isbetterthan"This

stereo（立體聲音響）doesnotwork."Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumerto

writetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingthecomplaintas

politelyandasfirmlyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievethedesired

result,theconsumercangoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellerto

courtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotecting

consumers'rights.

6、Whenaconsumerfindsthathispurchasehasafaultinit,thefirstthingheshoulddo

isto.

A、complainpersonallytothemanager

B、threatentotakethemattertocourt

C、writeafirmletterofcomplainttothestoreofpurchase

D^showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore

標準答案：D

知識點解析:根據文章第一段中thefirststepistopresentthewarranty（保單），orany

otherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase,故選Do

7、Ifaconsumerwantsaquicksettlementofhisproblem,it'sbettertocomplain

to.

A、ashopassistant

B、thestoremanager

C、themanufacturer

D、apublicorganization

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據文章第二段中istocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.In

general,the“higherup"iheconsumertakeshisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshe

canexpectittobesettled,故選B。

agoisthatmorewivesareworkingnow,andfamilyincomehasrisenasaresult.In1940,

15%ofwiveswereinthelaborforce;in1957thefigurewas30%.Thismeansthatthere

wasmoremoneyand,presumably,lesspoverty.Yetatremendousgrowthinthenumber

oftheimpoverishmentofhomelife,ofchildrenwhoreceivelesscare,love,and

supervision.Thisonefact,forinstance,mightwellplayasignificantroleintheproblems

oftheyounginAmerica.Itcouldmeanthatwehavemadeanimprovementinincome

statisticsatthecostofhurtingthousandsandthousandsofchildren.Ifapersonhas

moneybutachievesthisthroughmortgagingthefuture,whoistosaythatheorsheisno

longerpoor?

1KInrecenttimes,asfarastechnologyisconcerned,thosewhoarepoor.

A、livebetterthanAsianpeasants

B>leadbetterlivesthanmedievalknights

C、cannotachievethelivingstandardthattechnologycanmake

D、havenoaspiration

標準答案：C

知識點解析：C選項所表達的意思與第一段最后一句中的“…sufferlevelsoflifewell

belowthosethatarcpossible^一致，故選C（參見難句分析）。A、B雖然正確，但不

是就技術而言的，所以排除；D為干擾項，原文第四句中出現了“wehavehigher

aspiration",但這里的we是一個寬泛的概念，不是只針對富人或窮人而言的，跟

題干所問的不相干。

12、Inthesecondparagraph,"theyareinternalexiles"implies.

theirinternalfeelingsaredifferentfromtherestofnation

B、theyarcdiscriminatedbytherestofthenation

C、theyareexcessivelylonelythanpeopleinothercountries

D^theycan'tenjoywhattherestofthenationdoconcerningwhatthesocietyprovides

標準答案：D

知識點解析：將線索定位在第二段最后一句中的“theyareinternalexiles”就可以得出

D項正確（參考難句分析）。A、B是根據internalexiles的字面意思得出的錯誤理

解；C是對exile的錯誤理解。

13、Theso-calledAmericanpoorcanonlybedefinedby.

A^technology

B、Americansocialbackground

C、thelivingstandardintheU.S.

D、thelivingstandardofHongKong

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從文章第一段最后一句及第二段可知，美國所謂的窮人是以美國本身

的生活水平來劃分的。第二段第一句“對于貧窮的社會定義是和這種科技進步聯系

在一起的“，這里講的是定義“貧窮”時需要考慮到科技進步的因素，因此科技只是

影響“貧窮，，的一個因素而不是決定因素，所以排除A；B項從字面上看講得通，但

文中未提到社會背景方面的內容，而且生活標準僅是社會背景的一個方面；D項

“香港的生活標準”顯然不對。

14、MorewomenareworkinginAmerica,whichmeans.

A^improvementofallaspectsofpeople'slives

B、fewerpeoplearepoorintheU.S.today

C、thenation'seconomygrowsrapidly

D、therisingoffamilyincomes

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文章第三段第一句：婦女參加工作的結果是家庭收入增加可知答

案應選D。A項是說人民生活各個方面的提高，與原文內容不符；選項B中的

P。。!?沒具體交代是哪一方面，在一個國家的不同時期，是否“貧窮”的標準是不同

的，更多婦女參加工作，家庭收入增加，不能直接得出貧窮人口更少的結論；C項

原文未提及。

15、Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestdescribesthelastparagraph?

A、Womenareplayingalessimportantroleineducatingchildren.

B、It'sreallyunnecessaryforwomentowork.

C、Improvementinincomeatthecostofthehappinessofchildrendoesn'tmeanrich.

D、Problemsoftheyoungwillbesolvedifwomendonotwork.

標準答案：C'」

知識點解析：第三段中說婦女參加工作使得家庭收入增加，但卻以傷害成千，萬兒

童的幸福為代價。最后一句是對該段的總結，也為該段的主旨，與選項C相符。A

項這一說法本身正確，但不全面：B”婦女有沒有必要出去工作”和D“如果婦女不工

作就可以解決孩子的問題”原文未提及。

OnestudyshowsthatAmericansprefertoanswerwithabrief"Yes","No","Sure"for

theverypopular"Yeah"ratherthanwithalongerreply.Butbriefrepliesdonotmean

Americansareimpoliteorunfriendlytosomeextent.Veryoften,Americansareina

hurryandmaygreetyouwithasingleword"Hi",indeed;thisisagreetingyouwillhear

againandagainduringyourstayintheUnitedStates.Itisusedbyeveryone,regardless

ofrank,ageoroccupation.However,[hosewhoareaccustomediolongergreetingsmay

requirealittlemoretimebeforetheyfeelcomfortablewithAmericansimpletalk.

Americanssometimesuseplaintalkwhentheyarcuncomfortable.Ifpeoplepraisethem

orthanktheminanespeciallypoliteway,theymaybecomeuncomfortableandnotknow

whattosayinreply.Theydon'twanttobeimpoliteorrude,andyoucanbesurethat

theylikedwhatwassaidaboutthem.Exceptforcertainholidays,suchasChristmas,

Americansdon'tusuallygivegifts.Thus,youwillfindAmericansembarrassedasthey

acceptgifts,especiallyiftheyhavenothingtogiveinreturn.Theyaregenerallyawarm

butinformalpeople.

16、ThefactthatAmericanslikeshorteranswerstellsus.

A^theyreplyveryquicklyinahurry

B、theychoosewordstoocarefully

C、theylikereplyingbriefly

D^theywanttobeaspoliteastheycan

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文中第一句提了“OnestudyshowsthatAmericansprefertoanswerwitha

briefYes','No','Sure',ortheverypopular4Yeah'ratherthanwithalongerreply.”

一次調查顯示美國人更喜歡用簡短的回答，與C項相符，A項在文中也可找到，

但是并不符合題意。B、D兩項在文章中都未提及。

17、Thosewholikeusingbeautifulorformalwords.

A、needmoretimetogetusedtoAmericansimplegreeting

B、neednolimetogetfamiliarwithAmericangreeting

C^donotverymuchlikeAmericanwayofgreeting

D、thinkAmericansarenotpolitewhatever

標準答案：A_

知識點解析：第一段最后一句說，“thosewhoareaccustomedtolongergreetingsmay

requirealittlcmoretimebeforetheyfeelcomfortablewithAmericansimpletalk”“那些習

慣了較長問候的人們可能需要更長一些時間來適應美國人簡短的談話”，所以A項

符合題意。

18、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A、Americansoftenanswerwiththewordslike"Sure","Yeah1*.

B、Theyarenotimpolitewithbriefreplies.

C、Americansinhighranksmustuseformalwordsingreeting.

D、Americansareawarmbutinformalpeople.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題考查考生對文章的理解。第一段倒數第二句說“Itisusedby

everyone,regardlessofrank,ageoroccupalion.”“人們不分官職、年齡或是職業，

都使用簡短的對話。”C項說“美國高官職的人都必須用正式用語”，與文章不符。

A、B和D三項都可以從文章第一段中找到依據。故選C。

19^TheAmericanslikeothers*praisebutifinapoliteway.

A、theydon'tknowwhattosayinreply

B、theyfeelsomewhatuneasy

C、theydon^wanttoreply

D、bothAandB

標準答案：D

知識點解析：第二段的第二、三句說"Ifpeoplepraisethemorthanktheminan

especiallypoliteway,theymaybecomeuncomfortableandnotknowwhattosayin

reply.”“如果有人用一種很禮貌的方式贊揚或是感謝美國人的話，他們會感到不自

在，而且不知如何應答。”A項說“他們不知如何應答”，B項說“他們感到不舒服/

不自然“，都符合題意，C項在原文中找不到依據。

20>Thepassageindicatesthat.

A、Americansexchangegiftsthefirsttimetheymeet

B、Americansseldomgivegiftsexceptforsomeholidays

C、Americansoftenbringsomegiftstotheirfriends

D^Americansonlywanttogetgiftsfromothers

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題考查考生對全文意思的把握。第二段第四句說“Exceptforcertain

holidays,suchasChristmas,Americansdon'tusuallygivegifts.”“除了像圣誕節這

樣的節日之外，美國人不經常送禮物。”與B項相符合。A、C和D三項都在原文

中找不到依據，所以不正確。

Nowcustomhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatimportance.The

innerworkingsofourownbrainswefeeltobeuniquelyworthyofinvestigation,but

custom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplace.Asamatterof

fact,itistheotherwayaround.Traditionalcustom,takentheworldover,isamassof

detailedbehaviormoreastonishingthanwhatanyonepersoncaneverinindividual

actions.Yetthatisarathertrivial（微不足道的）aspectofthematter.Thefactoffirst-rate

importanceisthepredominantrolethatcustomplaysinexperienceandinbeliefandthe

verygreatvarietiesitmaymanifest.Nomaneverlooksattheworldwithpristineeyes.

Heseesiteditedbyadefinitesetofcustomsandinstitutionsandwaysofthinking.Even

inhisphilosophicalprobinghecannotgobehindthesestereotypes;hisveryconceptsof

thetrueandthefalsewillstillhavereferencetoparticulartraditionalcustoms.John

Deweyhassaidinallseriousnessthatthepartplayedbycustominshapingthebehavior

oftheindividualasoveragainstanywayinwhichhecanaffecttraditionalcustom,isas

theproportionofthetotalvocabularyofhismothertongueoveragainstthosewordsof

hisownbabytalkthataretakenupintothelanguageofhisfamily.Whenoneseriously

studiessocialordershavehadtheopportunitytodevelopindependently,thefigure

becomestomorethananexactandmatter-of-factobservation.Thelifehistoryofthe

individualisfirstandforemostanadjustmenttothepatternsandstandardstraditionally

handeddowninhiscommunity.Fromthemomentofhisbirththecustomsintowhichhe

isbornshapehisexperienceandbehavior.Bythetimehecantalk,heisthelittlecreature

ofhisculture,andbythetimeheisgrownandabletotakepartinitsactivities,itshabits

arehishabits,itsbeliefshisbeliefs,itsimpossibilitieshisimpossibilities.

21、Theauthorthinksthereasonwhycustomhasbeenignoredintheacademicworldis

that.

A、customrevealsonlythesuperficialnatureofhumanbehavior

B、thestudyofsocialorderscanreplacethestudyofcustom

C、peoplearcstillnotawareoftheimportantrolethatcustomplaysinformingtheir

worldoutlook

D、customhaslittletodowithourwaysofthinking

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據第一段第二句"Theinnerworkingsofourownbrainswefeeltobe

uniquelyworthyofinvestigation,butcustom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavior

atitsmostcommonplace.”可知，人們認為人腦內剖活動雇得研究，而認為風俗傳

統只是最常見的行為。由此說明人們認為前者重要，后者不重要，因此不對其進行

學術研究，所以C正確。

22、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoJohnDewey?

A^Anindividualcanexerciseverylittleinfluenceontheculturaltraditionintowhichhe

isborn.

B、Customisthedirectresultofthephilosophicalprobingsofagroupofpeople.

C、Anindividualisstronglyinfluencedbytheculturaltraditionevenbeforeheisborn.

D、Customrepresentsthecollectivewisdomwhichbenefitstheindividual.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由題干關鍵詞JohnDewey定位至第二段第四句"JohnDeweyhassaid

inallseriousness