Z20名校聯(lián)盟(浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟)2023屆高三第三次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題卷考生須知：1.本試卷分第1卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)。滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)用黑色簽字筆將學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考號(hào)分別填寫(xiě)在答題卷和機(jī)讀卡的相應(yīng)位置上。第I卷第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Parkingthecar. B.Movingsomefurniture. C.WatchingTVonthesofa.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:NowthatwehavethesofaandtheTVinhere,Ijustneedyoutohelpmewiththebed.Mycarisparkedjustoutsideonthestreet.M:Noproblem.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant. B.Atatheater. C.Atastore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iamsorrytokeepyouwaiting.Willwebelateforthemovie?M:Oh,notatall.I’vebeenhereforonlyafewminutes.Wehaveenoughtimefordinner.Hereisthemenu.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthetelevisionsetcosttoday?A.$100. B.$150. C.$200.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyousoexcited?M:Iamgoingtobuyanewtelevisionset.Theynormallycost300dollars,buttoday,theyareonsalefortwothirdsoftheregularprice.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whyaretheman’seyesred?A.Heissick. B.Hedidn’tgetmuchsleep. C.Hehasterribleeyeproblems.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,Brian.Youlooklikeyouhadaterriblesleeplastnight.Youreyesareallred.M:Isleptwell,butIwokeupwithasorethroatandacough.Couldyoupassmeaglassofwater?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whendidthewomanexpectthepackagetoarrive?A.Yesterday. B.Today. C.Tomorrow.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wasthatthemailmanatthedoor?M:Yes,here’sapackageforyou.Hesaidhetriedtodeliverityesterday.W:Oh!Iwasn’texpectingituntiltomorrow.第二節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whyisn’tthegirlallowedtogoout?A.Shedidn’tdoherschoolwork.BShedidn’tdoherhousework.C.Shearguedwithherparents.7.Howdidthegirlfeelaboutherpunishment?A.Shethoughtitwasfair. B.Shewassurprisedbyit. C.Shefeltangryaboutit.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Jen,doyouwanttogooutandgetsomeicecreamtonight?W:Myparentswon’tletmegoouttonightIhavetodomychoresinstead.M:That’ssurprising.Whathappened?Ican’timagineyoumakingyourparentsangry.W:It’smyfault.Iwassupposedtocleanmybathroomandmybedroomlastweekend.WhenmyparentssawIstillhadn’tdoneit,theytoldmeIcouldn’tgoouttonight.Itotallydeservedit.M:So,whatdidyoudowhentheygaveyouthebadnews?W:Iapologizedandhandledmyresponsibilities.There’snopointarguingwhenyouknowyou’rewrong.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.HowdothespeakersknowGregParsons?A.Heusedtobetheirteacher.B.Heusedtobeafamousathlete.C.Heusedtoownabusinessintown.9.WhatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawBrianSheldontheotherday?A.Waitinginline. B.Drinkingcoffee. C.WatchingTV.10.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Agrocerystore. B.Arestaurant. C.Astadium.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:HeySherry,comeandtakealookatthis.Isn’tthatGregParsons?W:IsthattheguythatusedtosubstituteforMrs.Hayworth’smathclass?M:No.GregwastheguywhousedtoownthatItalianrestaurantweusedtogoto.W:You’reright.Andnowhe’sgothisownshowontheCookingNetwork.That’samazing.M:That’sthesecondpersonfromourtownthathasbecomefamous.RememberBrianSheldon?Iusedtoplaysoccerwithhim,andnowheplaysprofessionally.W:Iremember.IactuallysawhimtheotherdaywhenIwaswaitinginlineatStarbucks.Hestilllivesaroundhere.M:Yeah,Iknow.Hehasthatbighouseonthehillintherichneighborhood.W:Peoplelikethatalwaysdo,don’tthey?Anyway,seeingallthisfoodismakingmehungry.Shouldwegogetsomethingtoeat?M:Sure.HowaboutthatItalianplacearoundthecorner?W:That’sexactlywhatIwasthinking.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Friends. C.Auntandnephew.12.Whydidthewomanvisittheman’shouse?A.Tohaveaglassofwine.B.Topickhimupbeforedinner.C.Tocongratulatehimonhisnewhome.13.Whycan’tMarciashowuptonight?ASheisn’tfeelingwell.B.Sheneedstofinishareport.C.Shehasameetingwithherboss.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,comeonin.CanItakeyourcoat?W:Sure,thanks.Ibroughtyouabottleofwine.M:Thanks!You’rethefirstoneofallourfriendstoarrive.I’lljustputyourcoataway.W:Thisisaveryniceplace.Congratulations!Howlonghaveyoubeenlivingherenow?M:Justoverthreeweeks.Wouldyoulikeadrink?W:Sure,whatdoyouhave?M:I’vegotwhitewine,redwine,lemonade,orangejuice,andSprite.W:I’llhaveaglassofredwineplease.M:Oneglassofredwinecomingup!W:So,howmanypeoplearecomingfordinnertonight?M:Therearejustgoingtobesixofus.W:Oh,Ithoughtthereweregoingtobeeight.M:MarciaandPaulcalledtocancelatthelastminute.Paulhastoworkverylateathisoffice.Hehastofinishareporthisbossaskedhimtodo.AndMarciahasabadheadache.W:That’stoobad.They’resuchgoodcompany.M:Oh,Ithinkthere’ssomeoneatthedoor.ExcusemewhileIgoandgetit...聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whendidthemangetthetickets?A.OnMonday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSunday.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenthegamesareclose?A.Excited. B.Sad. C.Pressured.16.Whichteamarethespeakerscheeringfor?A.Spain. B.Russia. C.Switzerland.【答案】14.A15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Ifinallygotticketstothematch!W:That’sgreat!Wecameallthewaydowntown,andwealmostmissedit.Howdidyoumanagetogetthem?M:Oh,IwasstandinginlineallMondaymorning.Igotthelasttwotickets.Thepeoplebehindmeweresosad.They’regoingtohavetolistentothematchontheradio.W:Ifeelsorryforthem.Manypeoplehavetraveledalongwayjustlikeus.Theywanttoseetheteamsthatmadeittothenextlevel.ButI’msoexcitedwe’llseeit!Whichdayisit?M:It’sonFridayafternoon.W:Whowillwebeplaying?Russia?M:We’llbeagainsttheteamthatwinsinGroupD.Ithinkit’llbeSwitzerland.W:Oh,IhopeSpainwins!ButIdon’twantittobeaclosegame,either.M:Whyisthat?W:Forfanslikeus,thereissomuchpressurewhenthegamesareclose!M:Well,thereisalotmorepressureontheplayers!Besides,therehavebeenmanyclosegamessofar.ThereweretwolikethatonSunday.W:Iknowit’scommon,butI’dstillfeelbetterifSpainwonbytwoorthreegoals!M:IsupposeIagreewithyou.Oh,thisisgoingtobesoexciting!聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatTVchannelisJimmyKimmelLiveon?A.NBC. B.TBS. C.ABC.18.WhendidJimmyKimmelbecomeespeciallyfamous?A.AfterhehostedtheOscars.B.AfterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.C.Whenhecriedathisshowforthefirsttime.19.Ontalkshows,whatusuallycomesrightaftertheopeningspeech?A.Aninterview. B.Amusicalperformance. C.Acomedyperformance.20.WhatdidJimmyKimmeldobeforehostingJimmyKimmelLive?A.Hetaughtinadramaschool.B.Heworkedataradiostation.C.HewenttoschoolinLosAngeles.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】JimmyKimmelLiveisanAmericanlate-nighttalkshow.ItcanbeseenfivenightsaweekontheABCchannel.There’resomeothernightlytalkshowsthatareverypopularatthemoment,forexample,NBC’sTheTonightShowStarringJimmyFallonandConanontheTBSnetwork.Thehostsofthoseshowsaresomeofthemostfamousfiguresinshowbusiness.However,Kimmelhasbeenknowntostartcryingontheshowwhenhetalksaboutwhathecaresabout,andhehasbecomeespeciallyfamousafterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.Alllate-nighttalkshowstendtofollowthesametiming:thereisanopeningspeechbythehost,followedbyaspecialcomedyperformancedonewithapartner.Thenthereisaseriesofinterviewswithotherfamouspeople,andamusicalperformancecomesattheend.KimmelhasbeensosuccessfulathisshowthathewasaskedtohosttheOscarsforthelasttwoyears.Inhisearlycareer,KimmelworkedataradiostationinLosAngeles,whichhelpedhimpracticehiscomedy.JimmyKimmelLive!isoneoftheonlyshowsinAmericathatarelovedbybothyoungpeopleandoldergenerations.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInspiredbyhismentorLouisSullivan,aninfluentialfigureintheworldofmodernistarchitecture,FrankLloydWrightcoinedtheterm‘organicarchitecture’around1908.Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworldorganicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.CasaMilàLocation:Barcelona,SpainYearofcompletion:1910Architect:AntoniGaudiConsideredthegreatestexponentofCatalanModernism,AntoniGaudiwasdevotedtonatureandtheCatholicreligion.Whileheoriginallyintendedthisorganicbuildingtohaveareligiouspurpose,itisnowanapartmentbuilding.Truetotheorganicstyle,itfeatureshoneyshapesthatseeminglyemergefromtheearth.LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)Location:SingaporeYearofcompletion:2015Architect:ThomasHeatherwickEarningthenicknames‘dimsumbasketbuilding’and‘theHive’,theLearningHubconsistsof12eight-storeytowersarrangedaroundapublicatrium.Theorganicnatureofthebuildingextendstoitsinteriorwithfeatureslikegardensthatareintendedtoencouragesocialinteractionsandstudyamongstudents.FallingWaterLocation:MillRun,PennsylvaniaYearofcompletion:1939Architect:FrankLloydWrightAclassicofmodernismandorganicarchitecture,FallingWatersitsontopofawaterfall.FrankLloydWrightdesigneditfortheKaufmannfamilywho-thoughtheyhadoriginallyhopedforaviewofthewaterfall-cametolovethehome.EastBeachCaféLocation:Littlehampton,UKYearofcompletion:2007Architect:ThomasHeatherwickLocatedinaseasideareawithanindustrialhistory,EastBeachCaferesembles(像)apieceofdriftwood.Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.ItwasthefirstbuildingforThomasHeatherwickwhopreviouslywasbetterknownasasculptor.21.Whichbuildinghasthelongesthistory?A.CasaMilà. B.LearningHubatNTU. C.FallingWater. D.EastBeachCafe.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutEastBeachCafé?A.Itremainsfloatingonthesea. B.Itservestoencouragesocialinteractions.C.Itwasnotacceptedbyallthelocalsinitially. D.Itwasoriginallyintendedforaparticularfamily.23.Whichofthefollowingmagazinesisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.NaturalWorld B.ArchitecturalDigestC.OrganicGardening D.ExtraordinaryFigures【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四座建筑的情況。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，CasaMilà完成于1910年；LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)完成于2015年；FallingWater完成于1939年；EastBeachCafé完成于2007年。故CasaMilà的歷史最悠久。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EastBeachCafé部分中“Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.(它長(zhǎng)40米，寬7米，高5米，最初引起了當(dāng)?shù)厝说膬蓸O分化，但后來(lái)得到了整個(gè)社區(qū)的好評(píng))”可知，起初并不是所有的當(dāng)?shù)厝硕冀邮蹺astBeachCafé。故選C。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworld,organicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.(有機(jī)建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有機(jī)元素，而是更關(guān)注對(duì)自然的重新詮釋?zhuān)约坝袡C(jī)環(huán)境與建筑環(huán)境之間的和諧。它確保了建筑內(nèi)部的單個(gè)元素被組合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四個(gè)最引人注目的例子)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了四座建筑的情況。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的來(lái)源。故選B。BAsachild,Iwasproudofmysouthernorigin.Myownvoicereflectedmyfamily’spastandpresent-partnorthernMississippi,partTennessee,allsouthern.TherewasnosoundIlovedmorethanmygrandmother’saccent:thick,sweet,warm.Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.Inthatembarrassingspacebetween“teen”and“adult”,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIthoughtIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.ImetEmilyincollege.Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours,andwebecamefriends.She,unlikeme,acceptedherroots.Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.Emilyistwoyearsyoungerandshecaredaboutmyopinion.IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.Now,Iseethatitwasactuallyaboutjustifyingmyhidingpartofmyself.GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.NowthatIamgrownandhavelefttheSouth,it’simportanttome.24.Whatmadetheauthorwanttoleaveherhometown?A.Appealofconvenienceincities.B.Herdreamofbecomingawriter.C.Outsideprejudiceagainstsoutherners.D.Herdesireforthenorthernaccent.25.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutthemistakeofEmily’smother?A.Upset. B.Pleased. C.Ashamed. D.Surprised.26.WhyonearthdidtheauthortrytochangeEmily’saccent?A.Toproveherselfright. B.TohelpEmilybeareporter.C.Tomakeherselfinfluential. D.ToprotectEmily’sself-dignity.27.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Staytruetoyourroots. B.Neverdothingsbyhalves.C.Holdontoyourdreams. D.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisaccent.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者因?yàn)閯e人的偏見(jiàn)以及追求更好的生活改變自己的口音，但后來(lái)才意識(shí)到這樣做抹殺了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要堅(jiān)守本根。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.(在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，我開(kāi)始意識(shí)到，在我們的地區(qū)之外，南方人經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是沒(méi)有文化和無(wú)知的。我準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)我在西田納西州的小鎮(zhèn)，開(kāi)始新的生活，并在一些遙遠(yuǎn)的城市抓住大好機(jī)會(huì))”可知，作者決定離開(kāi)南部的家鄉(xiāng)是因?yàn)槠渌苏J(rèn)為南方人沒(méi)文化、無(wú)知，即外部對(duì)南方人的偏見(jiàn)。故選C。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.(在我們的友誼之初，她媽媽問(wèn)我來(lái)自哪里，以為是北方的某個(gè)地方。然后我覺(jué)得我的努力得到了回報(bào)，甚至想忽略這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)”推知，當(dāng)被Emily的媽媽誤會(huì)來(lái)自北方時(shí)，作者是非常開(kāi)心的。故選B。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.(我擔(dān)心這會(huì)使我失去成為著名雜志作家的資格。我就得少說(shuō)些“鄉(xiāng)村”了。所以我抹殺了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours(她決心為校報(bào)工作，而我醒著的大部分時(shí)間都在那里度過(guò)的)”以及倒數(shù)第二段的“IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.(我建議她更像我，隱藏她標(biāo)志性的曼徹斯特口音。在我們的大學(xué)生活中，我經(jīng)常通過(guò)取笑她的元音來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn)。我告訴自己，我是在幫她實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)記者的夢(mèng)想)”可知，作者通過(guò)改變自己的口音獲得了在校報(bào)工作的機(jī)會(huì)。由此推知，作者努力改變Emily的口音是為了證明自己是對(duì)的，即改變南方口音就有可能獲得好工作。故選A。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第二段的“I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.(我很慚愧，但我更慚愧的是我試圖抹殺別人的那部分——改變艾米麗的口音)”和最后一段“GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.(卡羅琳奶奶過(guò)去常對(duì)我說(shuō)：“女孩，別忘了你來(lái)自哪里。”現(xiàn)在我真的明白了。許多事情已經(jīng)從記憶中消失了，但這件事卻以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的腦海中)”可知，文章想要傳達(dá)的信息是：堅(jiān)守本根。故選A。CInherbookTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,MarieKondomakesthecasethatdecluttering(清理雜物)candramaticallytransformyourlife.Riddingyourspacesofunusedandunwantedstuffcanmakeyouhappier,moreconfidentandmaybeevenslimmer.Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo’sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople’sneed.Yettheevidencebackingthebenefitsofdeclutteringismixed.One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,“Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”Anotherstudylinkedphysicalclutter(雜亂)tolowerlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Butoneoftheauthorsofthatstudysaysthatclutter,ratherthanaprobleminandofitself,seemstobeasymptomofotherproblems,especiallyuncheckedconsumerism(無(wú)節(jié)制的消費(fèi)).“Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,”saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy.“Itisn’tabundancethat’stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.”O(jiān)therpsychologistssaytechnologymayalsobecontributingtoAmerica’skeennessfororganization.Thecomplexityanddisorderlinessoflifeonlineencouragesmanypeopletoseekorderintheirphysicalspaces,Dr.DodgenMageesays.“Butthenyoufindwhenyourroomoryourinboxisorganized,yourworldhasn’tstoppedbeingcomplex,”shesays.Atthispoint,manypeopledecideevenmoreorganizingisneeded,shesays.Butthiscanleadtocompulsive(難控制的)tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan’tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou’dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.“Themoreofamessourinternalworldbecomes,themorelikelywearetograbontosomethingthatgivesusthissenseofpeace,”shesays.Whilealittletidyingcanbeacalmingdistraction,shesays,it’satemporarybandage,notacure.28.WhatdoweknowaboutKondo’sphilosophy?A.It’sbasedonsolidevidence. B.Itinvolvesspirit-liftingmethods.C.It’spopularwithmanypeople. D.Itleadspeopletorecycleunusedstuff.29.WhatdoestheexampleofEinsteinservetoshow?A.Anemptydeskisasignofanemptymind.B.Orderlyworkspacescanbringhealthbenefits.C.Anuntidydeskcandamageworkingefficiency.D.Messyenvironmentsarelikelytoencouragecreativity.30.WhatdoesJosephFerrarisayaboutphysicalclutter?A.Itdeterminespeople’slifesatisfaction.B.Itcontributestouncheckedconsumerism.C.Itreflectspeople’sattachmenttotechnology.D.Itarisesfromthedesireformorepossessions.31.Whatcanbeinferredabouttidyingfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcanleadtoafeelingoffrustration. B.Itmakespeople’sworldmorecomplex.C.Itcanprovidelastingpeaceofmind. D.Itworksbetterwiththehelpoftechnology.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了雖然很多人追求通過(guò)整理來(lái)改變生活，但相關(guān)研究表明整理實(shí)際上有好有壞，有序的空間能促進(jìn)健康的選擇，但也可能會(huì)限制創(chuàng)造性的思維，雜亂反映了人們對(duì)于富足的依戀的問(wèn)題，但是整理不能從根本上解決人們內(nèi)心世界的混亂。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo’sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople’sneed.（從她的想法和方法的受歡迎程度來(lái)看，Kondo的哲學(xué)滿足了許多人的需求。）”可知，Kondo的哲學(xué)受到很多人的歡迎。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,“Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”（2013年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有序的空間會(huì)促進(jìn)健康的選擇，但也會(huì)促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)思維，而在凌亂或雜亂無(wú)章的空間中工作，則會(huì)促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造力和新想法。眾所周知，愛(ài)因斯坦有一張非常凌亂的桌子，有人引用他的話說(shuō)：“如果凌亂的桌子是凌亂的大腦的標(biāo)志，那么空桌子是什么標(biāo)志呢?”）”可推知，這里用桌子凌亂但擁有巨大創(chuàng)造力的愛(ài)因斯坦的例子是為了佐證前面的觀點(diǎn)：凌亂的環(huán)境有可能促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造力。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中““Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,”saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy.“Itisn’tabundancethat’stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.”（該研究的共同作者JosephFerrari說(shuō)：“在我們生活的這個(gè)富足的社會(huì)里，我認(rèn)為我們必須擁有更多的想法會(huì)讓我們對(duì)生活不滿意。問(wèn)題不在于富足，而在于對(duì)富足的依戀。”）”可知，JosephFerrari認(rèn)為物理上的雜亂源于人們內(nèi)心對(duì)于富足的依戀，人們渴望擁有更多東西。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段中“Butthiscanleadtocompulsive(難控制的)tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan’tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou’dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.（但這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致強(qiáng)迫性的整理，當(dāng)你不能像你希望的那樣保持東西整潔有序時(shí)，不可避免地會(huì)有一種失敗感，她解釋說(shuō)。）”可知，科技給世界增加的復(fù)雜和無(wú)序會(huì)引起人們渴望整理，讓自己的世界不再?gòu)?fù)雜，但是這種渴望太過(guò)強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)候反而容易引起失落，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)候事與愿違。由此可知，整理可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致挫敗感。故選A項(xiàng)。DMorethan360millionyearsago,duringtheDevonian(泥盆紀(jì))period,lifewasflourishinginspectacularfashion.Asfishandinvertebratespopulatedtheseas,thefirsttreesemergedonland.ButbytheendoftheDevonian,morethanhalfofallEarth’sspecieshaddisappearedinaseriesofmassextinctions.Newresearchshowshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.TheresearcherstrackedthisdeadlypatterninfiveprehistoriclakebedsinScotlandandGreenland.TheymeasuredagradualphosphorusdecreaseinsedimentlayersfromthemiddletolateDevonian,accompaniedbysuddenincreaseofthemineralwithevidenceofcorrespondingoxygendepletion(耗竭).“We’vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshaveoccurred,butwecouldn’treallyexplainit,”saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversityofLiègeinBelgium.“Thispapercouldbringanexplanation.”UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatwhiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreerootsplayed.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhavealreadybeenoccurring:“Ifit’satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan’tblameitontheplants.”Next,Smart’steamplanstotestitsresultsusingcomputermodelstoseewhetherplantsonlandcouldhavecausedocean-wideoxygendepletionandcorrespondingextinction-analysisthatcouldalsohelppredictmodernalgalblooms’impact.32.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Theevolutionoflandplants. B.Theeffectofphosphorusinflow.C.Thesourceofcrucialminerals. D.Theprocessofmassextinctions.33.What’sAnne-ChristineDaSilva’sattitudetowardstheresearchfinding?A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesMayaElrickagreewith?A.Oxygendepletionworsenedastreesevolved.B.Treeevolutioncan’tnecessarilyrevealextinctions.C.Plantextinctionresultedfromthemineralincrease.D.Phosphorusreductionoccurredbeforetreeevolution.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRiseandFalloftheDevonianPeriodB.TheRoleofPhosphorusinTrees’EvolutionC.AlgalBloomsContributetoOxygenDepletionD.TreeRootsMayHaveSetOffMassExtinctions【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹最近一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)泥盆紀(jì)樹(shù)木根的進(jìn)化可能導(dǎo)致了大規(guī)模的物種滅絕。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.(美國(guó)海軍學(xué)院海洋學(xué)家MathewSmart是《美國(guó)地質(zhì)學(xué)會(huì)公報(bào)》上這項(xiàng)新研究的主要作者，他說(shuō)，隨著陸地植物的多樣化，“它們開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)更復(fù)雜的根系，能夠延伸到更遠(yuǎn)的地方取水”。深深的樹(shù)根吸收了磷等重要礦物質(zhì)然后最終腐爛，形成富含礦物質(zhì)的土壤。周期性地，大量的這種土壤被沖入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入導(dǎo)致了有害的藻華從下面的水中抽取氧氣。隨后發(fā)生了一系列大規(guī)模的物種滅絕)”可知，本段主要介紹了一系列大規(guī)模的物種滅絕的過(guò)程。故選D。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““We’vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshaveoccurred,butwecouldn’treallyexplainit,”saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversityofLiègeinBelgium.“Thispapercouldbringanexplanation.”(“我們研究泥盆紀(jì)已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，我們一直認(rèn)為這些循環(huán)已經(jīng)發(fā)生，但我們無(wú)法真正解釋它，”比利時(shí)列日大學(xué)的沉積學(xué)家AnneChristineDaSilva說(shuō)。“這篇論文可能會(huì)給出一個(gè)解釋。”)”推知，Anne-ChristineDaSilva對(duì)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)持支持態(tài)度。故選B。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatwhiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreerootsplayed.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhavealreadybeenoccurring:“Ifit’satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan’tblameitontheplants.”(新墨西哥大學(xué)行星科學(xué)家MayaElrick也沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究，她說(shuō)，雖然氧氣耗盡事件與物種滅絕同時(shí)發(fā)生，但目前尚不清楚樹(shù)根在多大程度上發(fā)揮了作用。隨著樹(shù)木的進(jìn)化，磷水平確實(shí)總體上逐漸下降，但她說(shuō)這種下降可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生了：“如果這是以前發(fā)生的趨勢(shì)，你不能把它歸咎于植物。”)”可知，MayaElrick認(rèn)為樹(shù)木進(jìn)化不一定能揭示物種滅絕，因?yàn)榱椎南陆悼赡苤熬鸵呀?jīng)存在了，不能完全歸結(jié)于植物。故選B。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段的“Newresearchshowshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.(新的研究表明，樹(shù)木的進(jìn)化可能導(dǎo)致了這些滅絕事件)”和第二段“Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Dee