溫州市普通高中2025屆高三第二次適應性考試英語試題卷注意事項：1.答卷前,考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節,滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上,錄音內容結束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(共5小題：每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arecentinjury. B.Afootballmatch. C.Aweekendplan.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Benjamin.DanandIaregoingforarunSundaymorning.Wouldyouliketojoinus?M:I’dloveto,butIhurtmyanklelastweekendplayingfootballwithcolleagues.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atasubwaystation. B.Inanartclassroom. C.Inadepartmentstore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ithinkweshouldtakethebluelineinsteadoftheredone.It’susuallyfasterduringthistimeofday.M:Butthebluelinedoesn’tstopatCentralStation,doesit?Ineedtogetoffthere.W:Oh,you’reright.Inthatcase,let’sstickwiththeredline.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhyisthewomangoingtotheNGV?A.Topurchaseapainting. B.Topickuphernephew. C.Tojoininafamilyevent.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’mgoingtotheNationalGalleryofVictorianextSaturday.M:TheNGV?W:Yeah,mylittlenephewturnssix,andhelovesart,sothewholefamilyisgoing.M:There’snodenyingitisfunandeducationalforchildren.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Talktothelecturer. B.Uploadherrecording. C.Catchuponthelecture.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,howwasthelectureyouattendedyesterday?M:Itwasamazing.Thespeakerwassoengaging,andthetopicwasreallyinsightful.W:Wow,IwishIcouldhavebeenthere.M;Guesswhat?They’regoingtoposttherecordingonline.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Stressed. B.Satisfied. C.Disappointed.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howdidyourexamresultsturnout?M:IthoughtIwouldhardlypassbutallthatstudyingpaidoff.IactuallydidwaybetterthanIexpected.W:See,Itoldyounottostresstoomuch.You’resmarterthanyougiveyourselfcreditfor.第二節(共15小題：每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whydoesthewomanlooksoenergetic?A.Shegotherfavoritemusic. B.Shewentforamorningrun. C.Sheplayedwithnewfriends.7.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Tryjogging. B.Findafitnesscoach. C.Downloadsomemusic.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Youlooklikeyou’vebeenhitbyaburstofenergy.What’sthissecret?W:Ijustgotbackfrommymorningjog.It’slikeahiddentreasureforme.Ifeelsupercharged.M:Jogging?Butit’sfreezingoutside.W:I’vegotthiscoolnewcollectionofmusicthatkeepsmepumped.Plus,I’vegotmyrunningbuddies.M:Runningbuddies,huh?MaybeIshouldfindsomemycouchpotato.Daysareofficiallyover.W:That’sthespirit.You’llloveit.Let’shittheroadtogethersometime.M:Yougotyourselfadeal.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisdiscussedaboutthemovie?A.Theplot. B.Thecharacters. C.Thespecialeffects.9.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthemovie?A.Engaging. B.Moving. C.Educational.10.Whatwillthewomanprobablydothisweekend?A.Visitthepark. B.Watchthemovie. C.Gototherestaurant.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:HiMark,howwasyourweekend?M:Notbad.Iwenttothecinemawithmyfriends.WewatchedanewmoviecalledSpaceAdventure.W:Oh,I'veheardofit.It'ssaidtobereallyexciting.Whatdoyouthink?M:Itwasawesome?Thespecialeffectswereoutofthisworld.Itfeltlikewewereinspaceourselves.W:Thatsoundsfantastic.Ilovemovieslikethat.Theyreallytakeyoutoanotherworld.Bytheway.Whatdidyouguysdoafterthemovie?M:Wedecidedtograbsomedinneratanearbyrestaurant.Wetalkedaboutthemoviethewholetime,becausewewereallstillonahighfromtheexcitement.W:YouguysaresomuchbetterathavingfunthanIam.Ijustendedupatthepark.MaybeI’llheadtothecinemathisweekend.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatdidthemanseeonthestreet?A.Adogwearingahat. B.Amanwalkingadog. C.Adogcarryingabaseball.12.Whatisthenewcoffeeshopknownfor?A.Itsspecialdrink. B.Itsuniquelocation. C.Itsdog-friendlysetting.13.Whatdoesthemanplantobringtothecoffeeshop?A.Hishat. B.Hiscamera. C.Hisdog.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Youwon’tbelievewhathappenedtometoday.IwaswalkingdownthestreetandIsawadogwearingahat.W:That’sfunny.Whatkindofhatwasit?M:Itwasatinybaseballcap.Thedoglookedsoproud,likeitwasreadyforagame.Ialmostlaughedoutloud.W:That’ssocute.IwishIhadseenit,bytheway.Haveyouheardaboutthenewcoffeeshopthatopeneduparoundthecorner?M:No,Ihaven’t.What’ssospecialaboutit.W:TheyhavethisamazingnewdrinkcalledMorningmagic.It’ssupposedtowakeyouupbetterthananycoffeeever.M:Oh,really,Ineedtotrythat.I’vebeenstrugglingtowakeupearlythesedays.W:Yeah,youshould.Maybewecangotogethersometimethisweek.M:Soundslikeaplan.I’llbringmycamerajustincaseIseeanotherdogwearingahat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatisthecompanyworkingon?A.Greenenergy. B.Urbanplanning. C.Digitalinnovation.15.Whatistheman’snewjob?A.Atechdeveloper. B.Aprojectmanager. C.Amarketingdirector.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Capable. B.Flexible. C.Humorous.17.Whatisspecialaboutthenewofficebuilding?A.Itwillbeculture-rich. B.Itwillbeeco-friendly. C.Itwillbeartistic-looking【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.B【解析】【原文】M:Guesswhat?Ijustgotanewjoboffer?W:Oh,wow,that’samazing.Whereisit?M:It’satatechstartupdowntown.They’reworkingonsomereallycoolprojectslikevirtualrealityandartificialintelligence.W:Thatsoundssoexciting.What’sthejobtitle?M:I’llbeaprojectmanager,it’sabitdemanding,butI’msuperexcitedaboutthechallenge.W:I’msureyou’lldogreat.You’vealwaysbeensoorganizedandcaredaboutdetails.M:Thanks.Ireallyhopeso.Bytheway,haveyouheardaboutthenewofficebuildingthey’replanningtobuildneartheriver?W:Yeah,I’veheardaboutit.It’ssupposedtobeahugebuildingwitharooftopgardenandeverything.M:That’sright.It’sgoingtobethegreenestbuildinginthecity.Ican’twaittoseeit.W:Itsoundslikeadreamcometrueforanyonewhocaresabouttheenvironment.Maybewecanvisititonceit’sdone.M:Absolutely,it’llbeagreatplacetoworkandagreatplacetovisit.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeaker?A.Azookeeper. B.Avisitor. C.Aguide.19.Howdidthespeakerdescribethemonkeys?A.Playful. B.Scary. C.Clever.20Whatdoesthespeakercomparepenguinsto?AEnergetickids. B.TikTokcomedians. C.Clumsyballetdancers.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Hey,there.Ijustgotbackfromthewildestadventureever.No,notarollercoasterride,butsomethingwaycooler.Iwasatthelocalzoo,andletmetellyou,thoseanimalsaretherealstars.Youknow,Ialwaysthoughtthelionswerejustbig,lazycatswhosleepallday.ButtodayIsawonepacingbackandforth,lookinglikehewasplanningtotakeovertheworld.Andthosemonkeys,forgetit.Theyweremoreenergeticthanabunchofkidsonasugarhigh.Oneofthemeventhrewabananaatme,classic.Butthebestpartwasthepenguinexhibit.Theselittleguysarelikenature’scomedians.Theywalkaroundliketheyhaveinvisiblesuitson,andwhentheyslideontheice,it’slikewatchingaballet,aclumsy,funnyballet.Iswearoneofthemsmiledatme.Imean,whoneedsTikTokwhenyou’vegottheseguysentertainingyouforfree?NexttimeI’mbringingpopcorn,maybethey’lltrademeforsomefish.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節,滿分50分)第一節(共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳答案。ADraganddropyourfiles,ortype,paste,andedittexthere.NaturalReaderisaprofessionaltext-to-speechprogramthatchangesanytext,PDF,image,webpageandphysicalbookintonatural-soundingaudio(音頻)featuringthenewestandhighestAIvoicetechnology.Wehavebothfreeandpaidsubscriptionstoourapplicationstomeetdifferentusers’needsondifferentbudgets.FreeuserscanuseanyavailableFreeVoicesunlimitedly,samplePremiumVoicesfor20minutesperday,andPlusVoicesfor5minutesperday.OurPlussubscriptionincludesexclusive(專有的)featuressuchasaccesstoPlusandLLM(LargeLanguageModel)Voices,whichareournewestandmostadvancedvoices.UsingLLMtechnology,youcanevencloneyourownvoiceinminutesandmakeitspeakinover100languages.Youcanalsolistenonthegowithourmobileapp.Byusingyourphone’scamera,youcanscanphysicalbooksandnotesandchangethemintospeech.Offlinelisteningisalsosupported,makingitconvenientfortravelorothersituationswhereinternetaccessislimited.Ifyouareinterestedinusingourvoicesfornon-personalpurposes,suchasYouTubevideos,e-learning,orothercommercialorpublicprojects,pleasecheckoutourNaturalReaderAIVoiceGeneratorwebapplicationformoreinformationandlicensingoptions.OurChromeextensionallowsyoutolistentowebpages,GoogleDocs,onlineKindlebooks,andemailsdirectlyfromyourbrowser.Theextensionsupportsbothfreeandsubscriptionvoices,dependingonyourplan.21.WhatisthemajorfunctionofNaturalReader?A.Createvideos. B.Writeaspeech. C.Generateimages. D.Turntextintoaudio.22.Whatisonlyavailableforpaidsubscription?A.OfflineuseofLLM. B.Automatictexttranslation.C.Efficientvoicecloning. D.Accesstodigitalizedbooks.23.Whatisthetext?A.Asubscriptionplan. B.Aprogramuserguide.C.Ajobadvertisement. D.Amobileappreview.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個名為NaturalReader的應用程序，介紹了其功能以及收費項目。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“NaturalReaderisaprofessionaltext-to-speechprogramthatchangesanytext,PDF,image,webpageandphysicalbookintonatural-soundingaudio(音頻)featuringthenewestandhighestAIvoicetechnology.(自然閱讀器是一個專業的文本到語音程序，可以將任何文本，PDF，圖像，網頁和實體書籍轉換為自然的聲音，具有最新和最高的人工智能語音技術)”可知，自然閱讀器的主要功能是將文本轉換為音頻。故選D。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“OurPlussubscriptionincludesexclusive(專有的)featuressuchasaccesstoPlusandLLM(LargeLanguageModel)Voices,whichareournewestandmostadvancedvoices.UsingLLMtechnology,youcanevencloneyourownvoiceinminutesandmakeitspeakinover100languages.(我們的Plus訂閱包括獨家功能，例如訪問Plus和LLM（大型語言模型）語音，這是我們最新和最先進的語音。使用LLM技術，您甚至可以在幾分鐘內克隆自己的聲音，并使其說100多種語言)”可知，高效的語音克隆只適用于付費訂閱。故選C。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“NaturalReaderisaprofessionaltext-to-speechprogramthatchangesanytext,PDF,image,webpageandphysicalbookintonatural-soundingaudio(音頻)featuringthenewestandhighestAIvoicetechnology.Wehavebothfreeandpaidsubscriptionstoourapplicationstomeetdifferentusers’needsondifferentbudgets.(自然閱讀器是一個專業的文本到語音程序，可以將任何文本，PDF，圖像，網頁和實體書籍轉換為自然的聲音，具有最新和最高的人工智能語音技術。我們的應用程序有免費和付費訂閱，以滿足不同預算的不同用戶的需求)”以及文章主要介紹了一個名為NaturalReader的應用程序，介紹了其功能以及收費項目。可知，文章是程序使用指南。故選B。BAftertakinganintroductorycourseinglobalhealthlastwinter,YashaswiBista,presidentofStanfordSupplyHer,wasempoweredtotakeactionagainstmalaria—adiseasethathasbeenclaiminghundredsofthousandsofliveseveryyearforcenturies.StanfordSupplyHer,astudentgroupsupportingwomen’shealththroughart,hostedaneventinpartnershipwithUnitedtoBeatMalaria(UBM)toencouragefundingformalariaprevention,treatmentandresearchinitiativeswhiletablingatWhitePlazalastMonday.“Knowingthatmalariaisespeciallydangeroustopregnantindividualsandchildrenmakesadvocacyformalariafundingandresearchessentialforourmission,”saidBista.“WeintheU.S.needtobeawareoftheimpactofglobalwarmingonmalariabecauselessdevelopedcountriesinotherpartsoftheworldaremoreheavilyaffectedbyouremissions,”Bistasaid.Lastyear,theU.S.experienceditsfirstlocaloutbreaksofmalariasince2003.Infectiousdiseaseexpertshavewarnedthatclimatechangewillspreadmalariaandotherdiseasescarriedbymosquitoestoareasthatwereoncefreeofmalaria.Thissummer,afterdiscoveringtheworkofUBM,aglobalgrassrootscampaignoftheUNFoundation,Bistametwithhercongressional(國會的)representativestoadvocateformalariatreatmentandresearch.Tosupportcontinuedfundingforglobalmalariaprograms,BistawrotetoofficialsinCongress.“It’seasyforpeopletofeelliketheyarepowerlesswithissuesasbigasmalaria.Butanypersoncangiveinputtotheirdecisionmakersonissuesasbigasthese,”wroteMacganCross,asenioradvocateatUBM.“Bysendingmessagestoyourelectedofficialsinsupportofglobalhealthfunding,youaremakingsureyourvoiceisheard.”Bistaencouragedstudentstobecomeinvolvedininitiativesoncampustospreadawarenessofmalariaandotherglobalhealthissues.“Globalhealthisimportanttomebecausetherearesomanyhealthinequities(不平等)aroundtheworldandhealthitselfisimportanttoliveafulfillinglife,”Bistasaid.“Becausetherearesomanyhealthinequitiesaroundtheworld,Iwanttoraiseawarenessandhelppeoplelivefulfillinglives.”24.WhatinspiredBistatoengageinactionsagainstmalaria?A.Alearningexperience. B.Ahealthcrisis. C.Agrassrootscampaign. D.Atablingevent.25.WhatdidBistadotosupportmalariaprevention?A.Sheorganizedacharitysale. B.Shelaunchedaresearchproject.C.Shecampaignedforfundraising. D.Shebudgetedformalariatreatment.26.WhatisthemessageMaeganCrossintendstoconvey?A.Communityvoicessecurehealthfunding.B.Malariaoutbreaksaredifficulttoprevent.C.Thepublicneedsmoreknowledgeabouthealth.D.Individualeffortsmatteringovernmentdecisions.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBista?A.Ahealthadvocate. B.Aclubfounder. C.Awomanpioneer. D.Adiseasespecialist.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了斯坦福大學的一個學生團體StanfordSupplyHer與UnitedtoBeatMalaria合作，在白廣場舉辦活動，鼓勵為瘧疾的預防、治療和研究計劃提供資金的事情。【24題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Aftertakinganintroductorycourseinglobalhealthlastwinter,YashaswiBista,presidentofStanfordSupplyHer,wasempoweredtotakeactionagainstmalaria—adiseasethathasbeenclaiminghundredsofthousandsofliveseveryyearforcenturies.(去年冬天，斯坦福大學“StanfordSupplyHer”組織的主席YashaswiBista在修完一門全球健康入門課程后，獲得了采取行動抗擊瘧疾的動力。瘧疾這種疾病在幾個世紀以來，每年都奪走數十萬人的生命。)”可知，啟發Bista采取行動抗擊瘧疾的是一次學習經歷。故選A。【25題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“StanfordSupplyHer,astudentgroupsupportingwomen’shealththroughart,hostedaneventinpartnershipwithUnitedtoBeatMalaria(UBM)toencouragefundingformalariaprevention,treatmentandresearchinitiativeswhiletablingatWhitePlazalastMonday.(“StanfordSupplyHer”是一個通過藝術來支持女性健康的學生團體。上周一，該團體與“聯合抗擊瘧疾”組織合作，在懷特廣場設攤舉辦了一場活動，旨在鼓勵為瘧疾的預防、治療和研究項目提供資金支持。)”可知，Bista所在的組織與“聯合抗擊瘧疾”組織合作舉辦活動，鼓勵為瘧疾的預防、治療和研究項目提供資金支持。由此可知，Bista為支持瘧疾預防所做的是為籌款進行宣傳活動。故選C。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段““It’seasyforpeopletofeelliketheyarepowerlesswithissuesasbigasmalaria.Butanypersoncangiveinputtotheirdecisionmakersonissuesasbigasthese,”wroteMacganCross,asenioradvocateatUBM.“Bysendingmessagestoyourelectedofficialsinsupportofglobalhealthfunding,youaremakingsureyourvoiceisheard.”(“聯合抗擊瘧疾”組織的資深倡導者MacganCross寫道：“面對像瘧疾這樣重大的問題，人們很容易覺得自己無能為力。但在這類重大問題上，任何人都可以向決策者表達自己的意見。通過向你選出的官員發送支持全球衛生事業資金投入的信息，你就能確保自己的聲音被聽到。”)”可知，MaeganCross認為面對像瘧疾這樣重大的問題，人們很容易覺得自己無能為力，但實際上任何人都可以就這類重大問題向決策者表達自己的意見，通過向當選官員發送支持全球衛生事業資金投入的信息，就能確保自己的聲音被聽到。所以MaeganCross想要傳達的信息是個人努力在政府決策中很重要。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知，Bista在修完全球健康入門課程后，積極采取行動抗擊瘧疾。她所在的組織與“聯合抗擊瘧疾”組織合作舉辦活動，鼓勵為瘧疾的預防、治療和研究項目提供資金支持；她會見國會議員，為瘧疾的治療和研究進行呼吁；還寫信給國會議員，支持對全球瘧疾防治項目持續提供資金，并鼓勵學生們參與校園里提高人們對瘧疾和其他全球健康問題認識的活動。這些行為都表明她是健康問題尤其是抗擊瘧疾方面的倡導者。故選A。CAdroppedbagofchipsdisturbedacaveecosysteminCarlsbadCavernsNationalPark,NewMexico.Thiscaveisalmostcutofffromtheoutsideworld,sointroducinganythingforeigncanbeharmful.“Thingsinthedampcavegetwetquickly,”saysparkguideAshley.Thesnackattractstinyorganisms,causingunwantedgrowth.Soon,smallanimalslikecricketsandspiderscametoeat,spreadingthepollution.Rangersfoundthebagwithinhours.“Butthatcanbeallittakes,”saysAshley.“I’msuresomecricketsgotabitofthesnack.”Over500millionpeoplevisitAmericanpubliclandseachyear,creatingmanychancestoharmwildplaces.“Whenyoulookatthenumbers,it’sincredible,”saysWatts,headoftheLeaveNoTraceCenterinColorado,anorganizationaimedatminimizinghumanimpactonnature.Foodwastetakesalongtimetobreakdown,especiallyincertainareas.“Ittakesmuchlongerforanapplecoretorotinadesertthaninaforest,”saysBlye,ateacherattheUniversityofUtah.Leavingwasteintroducesanimalstoanunnaturaldietandchangestheirbehaviorwithsometimesdisastrousresults.Bearswhotastegarbageandbecomeathreattohumansmayhavetobeputdown.“Bearscangetusedtounnaturalfoodinthreeweeks,”saysWatts.“Everyonelosesinthiscase.”Biologicalwasteisalsoproblematic.Dogwastebringsnewbacteriaintotheecosystemandscaresawaydeer.Meanwhile,humanwasteandtoiletpaperintroducesdangerousbacteriaintowatersources.Innationalparks,trails(小路)aredesignedtoavoidsensitiveareas.Steppingoffthetrail,evenforaquickphoto,canscarewildlifeaway.Impactsfrommanyvisitorsresultinlong-termdamagetonatureandwildlife.Butpeopledon’tthinkofthatwhentheyseetheperfectphotoopportunity.“It’sjustsuchahardthingtoresist,”saysBlye.Therisktosensitiveecosystemsisn’tobvious.“It’seasytothink,oh,there’swildflowersoverthere.Ishouldn’tsteponthat,”saysBlye,butthesetinyecosystemsfullofmicroscopicorganismsessentialtodesertlifeprovidemanybenefits,includingreducingtheriskoferosion(侵蝕)andhelpingabsorbrainfall,andcantakehundredsofyearstoreturntoitsoriginalstate.28.WhatdoesAshleymeanby“Butthatcanbeallittakes.”?A.Therangers’workisefficient. B.Thedamagehasbeendone.C.Thecleanuptakesalongtime. D.Thepollutionhasspreadwidely.29.Whatisaresultofforeignwasteinpubliclands?A.Ashiftinanimalbehavior. B.Ashortageoffoodsupplies.C.Adeclineinbacterialspecies. D.Anincreaseinregionalconflicts.30.Whydoesthewritermentionwildflowersinparagraph5?A.Topraisetheirbenefitstodesertlife.B.Tohighlightourdamagetoecosystems.C.Tostresstheirsignificanceforphotography.D.Toshowourunawarenessofnature’ssensitivity.31.Itisconveyedinthispassagethatweshould.A.encouragewildlifeprotection B.leavenotraceinthewildC.promotenationalparktourism D.restoreecologicaldamage【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人類活動，特別是游客在自然保護區的不當行為，對自然環境造成的負面影響。【28題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據文章劃線句子上文“AdroppedbagofchipsdisturbedacaveecosysteminCarlsbadCavernsNationalPark,NewMexico.Thiscaveisalmostcutofffromtheoutsideworld,sointroducinganythingforeigncanbeharmful.(在新墨西哥州的卡爾斯巴德洞穴國家公園，一袋掉落的薯片擾亂了洞穴的生態系統。這個洞穴幾乎與外界隔絕，所以引入任何外來的東西都可能有害。)”以及“Soon,smallanimalslikecricketsandspiderscametoeat,spreadingthepollution.(很快，像蟋蟀和蜘蛛這樣的小動物就跑來覓食，從而擴散了污染。)”可知，一袋薯片掉落在洞穴里，雖然護林員在幾小時內就發現了薯片，但是在此之前薯片已經吸引了微小生物，導致了不必要的生物生長，蟋蟀和蜘蛛等小動物也跑來覓食并擴散了污染。所以Ashley說“Butthatcanbeallittakes.”意思是損害已經造成了。故選B。【29題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Leavingwasteintroducesanimalstoanunnaturaldietandchangestheirbehaviorwithsometimesdisastrousresults.Bearswhotastegarbageandbecomeathreattohumansmayhavetobeputdown.“Bearscangetusedtounnaturalfoodinthreeweeks,”“saysWatts.“Everyonelosesinthiscase.”(留下垃圾會讓動物接觸到非自然的食物，并改變它們的行為，有時甚至會帶來災難性的后果。嘗到過垃圾味道并對人類構成威脅的熊可能不得不被安樂死。“熊能在三周內習慣非自然的食物，”Watts.說，“在這種情況下，大家都輸了。”)”可知，在公共土地上留下的外來垃圾會讓動物接觸到非自然的食物，進而改變它們的行為，有時還會帶來災難性的后果，比如嘗到垃圾味道的熊會對人類構成威脅。故選A。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段““It’sjustsuchahardthingtoresist,“saysBlye.Therisktosensitiveecosystemsisn’tobvious.“It’seasytothink,oh,there’swildflowersoverthere.Ishouldn’tsteponthat,“saysBlye,butthesetinyecosystemsfullofmicroscopicorganismsessentialtodesertlifeprovidemanybenefits,includingreducingtheriskoferosion(侵蝕)andhelpingabsorbrainfall,andcantakehundredsofyearstoreturntoitsoriginalstate.(“這真的很難抗拒，”Blye說。對敏感生態系統造成的風險并不明顯。“很容易想到，哦，那邊有野花。我不應該踩到它們，”Blye說，但這些充滿了對沙漠生命至關重要的微生物的微小生態系統有很多益處，包括降低侵蝕風險和幫助吸收降雨，而且可能需要數百年才能恢復到原來的狀態。)”可知，Blye說人們看到拍照機會很難抗拒，對敏感生態系統的風險并不明顯。人們很容易想到那邊有野花不應該踩到，但這些對沙漠生命至關重要的微小生態系統有很多益處，而且需要數百年才能恢復到原來的狀態。所以作者在第五段提到野花是為了表明我們對大自然敏感性的無意識。故選D。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知，文章開篇以一袋薯片擾亂洞穴生態系統為例，接著講述了食物垃圾、生物垃圾等人類在公共土地上留下的廢棄物對生態系統的危害，如改變動物行為、引入有害細菌等，還提到游客踏出小徑拍照等行為對自然和野生動物造成長期損害，強調了人類活動對自然環境的不良影響。所以文章傳達的是我們應該在野外不留下痕跡。故選B。DIntheriskyworldofnucleararmscontrol,PrincetonstudentLepowskyisexploringhowrobotscanmakeinspectionsmoreaccurateandacceptabletohostnationsworriedaboutinvasive(侵入的)traditionalmethods.Hislatestresearchhasledtoarobotperforminginspectionswithoutsavingsensitiveinformation.“Thehostnationlikelywon’twantahumaninspectorpokingtheirnosearound,”saidLepowsky.“Butevenarobothasmemoryandsensorsacquiringdata.”Thegoalistohavehigh-confidenceinspectionswithouttherobotsavinginformation.Forexample,therobotwouldnotsaveradiationmeasurementsorcreatefloorplansofsensitiveareas.Thenewprototype(樣機)isbuiltonaniRobotCreate3platform,aneducationalrobot.Robotsofferadvantagesoverhumaninspectors:theycantoleratehigherradiationlevels,aremoreconsistent,andcanbecheaper.Theyalsocanbeprogrammedtogeneratetrust,suchasnotusingcamerastoavoidseeingunwanteddetails.TheideafortherobotstartedwithLepowsky’sadviser,Glaser,whowascuriousaboutcreatinga“forgetfulrobot”thatcouldperformhighlyaccuratenucleararmsinspectionsbutforgeteverythingafterward.Thisledtoanevenmoreinterestingidea:“Ratherthanforgetting,we’renotevenrememberinginthefirstplace,”Lepowskysaid.Hebelievesthisfeaturecanreassurehostsconcernedaboutprivacy.Lepowskylikestheinterdisciplinarynatureofhiswork—drawingonbothhisroboticsandpolicyexpertise—andhelikesthatitrequiresabreadthofknowledge,notjustdepth.Hevaluesthathisresearchisgroundedinreal-lifeapplicationsforglobalsecurityandnuclearnonproliferation(防擴散).Predictingwhentherobotmightbeusedinthefieldisdifficult.“It’seasytosay,today,it’snotveryrealistic,butyouhavetobereadyforifandwhenitbecomespossible,”saidLepowsky.Researchintothisproblemisveryactive.Becausearmscontrolischanging,thespecificobjectivesoffutureagreementsarehardtopredict.“Butwecanhopetheywillbepositive,andweneedtobeready,technically.“32.InwhichaspectisLepowsky’srobotdifferentfromhumaninspectors?A.Datasecurity. B.Memorycapacity. C.Socialacceptance. D.Userfriendliness.33.Whatissaidabouttherobotinparagraph3?A.Itsaccuratesystem. B.Itsprivacyrisks.C.Itsdesignmechanism. D.Itsoperationalproblems.34.WhatdoesLepowskylikeabouthiswork?A.Scientificresearchdata. B.Real-timetechnicalcooperation.C.In-depththeoreticalstudies. D.Integratedknowledgeacrossfields.35.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Princeton’s“Forgetful”RobotsinGlobalSecurityB.No-MemoryRobots:TheFutureofNuclearChecks?C.NuclearArmsControl:RobotsorHumanInspectors?D.Lepowsky’s“Curious”RobotsforRadiationDetection【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了普林斯頓大學的學生Lepowsky在核軍備控制領域的研究，特別是他關于如何利用機器人進行更準確且為主辦國所接受的核查工作的探索。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段““Thehostnationlikelywon’twantahumaninspectorpokingtheirnosearound,”saidLepowsky.“Butevenarobothasmemoryandsensorsacquiringdata.”Thegoalistohavehigh-confidenceinspectionswithouttherobotsavinginformation.Forexample,therobotwouldnotsaveradiationmeasurementsorcreatefloorplansofsensitiveareas.(Lepowsky說：“東道國很可能不希望人類核查員到處窺探。但即便是機器人也有會采集數據的內存和傳感器。”其目標是在機器人不保存信息的情況下進行高可信度的核查。例如，機器人不會保存輻射測量數據，也不會繪制敏感區域的平面圖。)”可知，東道國不希望人類核查員到處窺探，而Lepowsky的機器人的目標是在不保存信息，如不保存輻射測量數據、不繪制敏感區域平面圖的情況下進行核查。所以Lepowsky的機器人與人類核查員在數據安全方面不同。故選A。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。在文章第三段中，首先提到“Thenewprototype(樣機)isbuiltonaniRobotCreate3platform,aneducationalrobot.(這款新的樣機是基于教育機器人iRobotCreate3平臺制造的。)”說明了機器人的樣機是基于一個教育機器人平臺搭建的。接著闡述“Robotsofferadvantagesoverhumaninspectors:theycantoleratehigherradiationlevels,aremoreconsistent,andcanbecheaper.Theyalsocanbeprogrammedtogeneratetrust,suchasnotusingcamerastoavoidseeingunwanteddetails.(與人類核查員相比，機器人具有一些優勢：它們能夠承受更高的輻射水平，工作更加穩定一致，而且成本可能更低。它們還可以通過編程來贏得信任，比如不使用攝像頭以避免拍攝到不必要的細節。)”介紹了機器人相較于人類核查員的優勢，以及為了贏得信任所采用的編程方式，比如不使用攝像頭。還提到“TheideafortherobotstartedwithLepowsky’sadviser,Glaser,whowascuriousaboutcreatinga“forgetfulrobot”thatcouldperformhighlyaccuratenucleararmsinspectionsbutforgeteverythingafterward.Thisledtoanevenmoreinterestingidea:“Ratherthanforgetting,we’renotevenrememberinginthefirstplace,”Lepowskysaid.Hebelievesthisfeaturecanreassurehostsconcernedaboutprivacy.(關于這款機器人的想法最初來自Lepowsky的導師Glaser，他對制造一個能夠進行高度精確的核武器核查、但事后會忘掉一切的“健忘機器人”很感興趣。這引出了一個更有意思的想法：“我們不是讓它事后忘掉，而是從一開始就不記錄任何信息。”Lepowsky說。他認為這一特點可以讓那些擔心隱私問題的東道國放心。)”講述了機器人設計理念的起源以及最終確定的“從一開始就不記錄信息”這一特色，這些都圍繞著機器人的設計機制展開。所以關于第三段中提到的機器人，主要說的是它的設計機制。故選C。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章倒數第二段“Lepowskylikestheinterdisciplinarynatureofhiswork—drawingonbothhisroboticsandpolicyexpertise—andhelikesthatitrequiresabreadthofknowledge,notjustdepth.Hevaluesthathisresearchisgroundedinreal-lifeapplicationsforglobalsecurityandnuclearnonproliferation(防擴散).(Lepowsky喜歡自己工作的跨學科性質——既利用了他在機器人技術方面的專業知識，也運用了他在政策方面的專長——而且他喜歡這份工作需要廣泛的知識，而不僅僅是深度的專業知識。他很看重自己的研究是基于全球安全和核不擴散的現實應用。)”可知，Lepowsky喜歡他工作的跨學科性質，即他的工作需要同時運用到機器人技術和政策方面的專業知識，并且他喜歡這份工作需要廣泛的知識，而不僅僅是深度的專業知識。故選D。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章內容可知，文章主要圍繞萊波夫斯基研發的不會保存敏感信息（即沒有記憶）的機器人展開，介紹了該機器人在核武器核查領域的研發背景、優勢、設計機制等。文中提到這種機器人能夠在不保存信息的情況下進行高可信度的核查，解決了東道國對隱私的擔憂，并且探討了雖然目前難以預測其在實際領域的應用時間，但針對該問題的研究很活躍，未來可能在核核查中發揮作用。選項B“No-MemoryRobots:TheFutureofNuclearChecks?(無記憶機器人：核核查的未來？)”既突出了機器人“無記憶”的特點，又點明了其與核核查的關系，并且以疑問的形式引發讀者思考，符合文章主旨。故選B。第二節(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Th