Unit5LanguagesaroundtheWorld

ReadingforWriting【文本研讀】Ⅰ.文本整體理解:快速瀏覽文章1.Whatisthemaintopicaboutthispart?______________________________________

ThebiggestproblemswithlearningEnglish.2.Matchtheproblemwitheachperson①LiuWen

A.vocabulary②JiaXin B.listening③LiRui C.howtobepoliteinEnglish答案:

①—B②—C③—AⅡ.文本細節理解:關注特色表達1.What’stheproblemofLiuWen?A.Hecan’tgethighmarksallthetime.B.Hecan’tgetthemainideaofnativespeakers.C.Hehasbeenhavingproblemsinlisteningsinceprimaryschool.D.Hedoesn’tlistentoEnglishradioprogrammes.2.WhatcanwelearnfromthewordsofJiaXin?A.SheseldomwatchesvideoswithEnglishspeakers.B.SheusuallyrepeatstheradioprogrammestocompareherpronunciationwiththeEnglishhost’s.C.ShefindsithardtodealwithhowtobepolitewhilespeakingEnglish.D.ShebelievesthatwhatwordstousewhilespeakingEnglishdependsonwhoyou’retalkingto.3.WhichofthefollowingmightLiRuiagreewith?A.Wecan’tjustsaylike“closethedoor”toanyone.B.Youmustmakeyourrequestordemandwhentalkingtoyourparents.C.It’sdifficulttokeepalargenumberofwordsinmindquickly.D.Rememberingtheusageofwordsisn’tasimportantasrememberingthewordsthemselves.答案:1~3.BCAⅢ.文本梳理【寫作指導】【文體剖析】建議信是高考常考作文形式之一。作者就有關的問題進行分析并針對這些問題提出自己的建議或忠告。寫信時要寫明寫信的原因、建議的內容。提出建議的理由以及包括對對方的鼓勵等。提出的理由要合情合理,語氣一定要委婉和緩。【話題詞匯】1.nativespeaker說母語的人2.experiencethefeelingoflanguage體會語感3.catch/getthemainidea抓住大意4.recordyourownvoice錄下自己的聲音5.getusedtospeakingChinese習慣說漢語6.joinsb.inspeakingChinese和某人一起說漢語7.listentoradioprogrammes聽收音機節目8.haveatalkwithsb.inChinese用漢語跟某人交談9.havetroubleindoingsth./withsth.在某方面有困難【話題句式】1.Mybiggestproblemishowtousetheidiomsinapropercontext.我最大的難題是不知道怎么在合適的語境中使用習語。2.IhavetroubleinmakingsentenceswithChinesewords.我在用漢語詞匯造句方面有困難。3.ItishelpfulforyoutowritedownthenewChinesewords.寫新漢字對你很有幫助。4.Inmyopinion,youshouldwatchChineseTVprogrammestoimproveyourlisteningandspeaking.在我看來,你應該看漢語電視節目來提高你的聽說水平。5.MyadviceistotalkwithChinesepeoplearoundyou.我的建議是和你周圍的中國人交談。6.Ibelievethatifyoufollowmyadvice,youwillmakerapidprogressinyourChinesestudy.我相信,如果你聽從我的建議,你會在漢語學習方面取得很快的進步。【典題演練】假定你是李華,你的英國朋友Mike給你寫了一封電子郵件,說他現在漢語不夠好,不知如何提高。請你給他回復一封電子郵件,提一些學好漢語的建議。內容包括:1.郵件已經收到;2.建議課內外多說、多看、多聽漢語;3.建議同學之間進行漢字聽寫比賽等。注意:詞數不少于100。【謀篇】【遣詞】1.feelataloss_____________2.tobeginwith_____3.多花時間練習________________________

4.練習聽說___________________________

感覺無所適從首先spendmoretimepracticingpracticelisteningandspeaking5.asoftenaspossible_____________6.acoupleof_____7.電視連續劇_________

8.參加一些活動___________________

9.對……有益_____________

盡可能經常地一些TVseriesjoininsomeactivitiesbebeneficialto【造句】1.完成句子(1)我知道了你感覺無所適從。________________________________(2)你不知道怎么學好漢語。______________________________________Ihaveknownthatyoufeelataloss.

Youdon’tknowhowtolearnChinesewell.

(3)我建議你應該盡可能經常地多花時間練習漢語聽說。__________________________________________________________________________________________

(4)我認為你可以嘗試多參加一些活動。________________________________________IsuggestthatyoushouldspendmoretimepracticinglisteningandspeakingChineseasoftenaspossible.Ithinkyoumaytrytojoininsomeactivities.

(5)這會對你有益處。____________________Itisbeneficialtoyou.

2.句式升級(6)用現在分詞作狀語合并(1)(2)句___________________________________________________________________(7)用非限制性定語從句合并(4)(5)句______________________________________________________________Ihaveknownthatyoufeelataloss,notknowinghowtolearnChinesewell.

Ithinkyoumaytrytojoininsomeactivities,whichisbeneficialtoyou.

【成篇】DearMike,

Ihaveknownthatyoufeelataloss,notknowinghowtolearnChinesewell.HerearesometipsonhowtolearnChinesewell.

Tobeginwith,IsuggestthatyoushouldspendmoretimepracticinglisteningandspeakingChineseasoftenaspossible.ThenIthinkitisveryusefultowatchacoupleofChinesefilmsorTVserieseveryweek.Thirdly,Ithinkyoumaytrytojoininsomeactivities,whichisbeneficialtoyou.

Iamsureifyoupracticealotyoucanmasterit.IwishyougreatsuccessandrapidprogressinlearningChinese.Yours,LiHua1.strugglen.&vt.斗爭;奮斗;拼搏*Itwasastruggle.這是一場斗爭。*Whatistheuseoftryingtostruggleagainstthesystem?詞匯復現力圖反對這種制度有什么用?*Intheolddayspeoplehadtostruggleforourdailybread.在舊社會人們得為糊口而掙扎。*Allhislifehehasbeenstrugglingwithillness.他一生都在與疾病作斗爭。【語塊積累】struggleagainst為反對……而斗爭strugglefor為……而斗爭strugglewith與……打架,與……斗爭【即學活用】(1)Theswimmer_______________thetide.

游泳者逆流而上。(2)Weshouldhelpthosewhoarestill____________rights.

我們應當幫助那些仍然為權利而斗爭的人。struggledagainststrugglingfor(3)Theshopkeeper_____________thethief.

店主與小偷搏斗。struggledwith2.equaln.同等的人;相等物adj.

相同的;同樣的*Hehasnoequalinmusic.他在音樂方面沒有對手。*Suchstupidityiswithoutequalintheentirehistoryofhumanrelations.如此愚蠢的行為在整個人際關系史上找不出第二個。*MaryisquiteequaltoBillinbrains.瑪麗和比爾的智力不相上下。*Thisisequaltosayingthatheisnotafool.這樣就等于說他不是傻子。*Thetwoboysareequallyclever.這兩個男孩同樣地聰明。【語塊積累】(1)withoutequal獨一無二equalin在……方面等同beequalto(doing)sth.與……相等;等于(2)unequaladj.不相等的;不勝任的;不適合的n.

地位不等的人(3)equality

n.平等,同等(4)equallyadv.相等地;平等地【熟詞生義】Billisquiteequaltorunningtheoffice.(

)比爾完全能夠勝任管理這個部門的工作。adj.能勝任的【即學活用】語法填空(1)Heisnotyourequal__running.(2)Asagreatdancer,herperformanceis_______equal.(3)Idon’tfeelequalto_____(do)thework.inwithoutdoing(4)Hetaughtfor20yearsandtreatedeverystudent_______(equal).(5)Insomecountriesblackpeopledonothave_______(equal)withwhitepeople.equallyequality3.demandn.要求;需求vt.強烈要求;需要vi.查詢*Imustmakeitaquestion,notademand.我必須讓它成為一個問題,而不是要求。*Softdrinksaremuchindemandinthishotweather.這么熱的天氣,軟飲料的需求量很大。*Thegovernmenthasbuiltmanyparkstomeet/satisfypeople’sdemands.政府已經修建了很多公園來滿足人們的需要。*Myfathercamedownanddemandedtoknowwhatwasgoingon.我父親從樓上下來要求知道正在發生什么事情。*Theteacherdemandedthatthestudents(should)beontimetoeveryclass.這位老師要求學生們準時到校。【語塊積累】(1)bein(great)demand

(迫切)需求meet/satisfyone’sdemands滿足某人的需求(2)demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth.要求……做某事【熟詞生義】Ihadneverhadthecouragetodemandthetruth.我從來沒有勇氣去詢問實情。(

)vt.查詢【名師點津】(1)demand后面不能接todo作賓語補足語,即不能說demandsb.todosth.(2)動詞demand之后的賓語從句,以及名詞demand之后的名詞性從句,都要用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形,should可以省略。【知識延伸】除demand之外,后接賓語從句中用虛擬語氣的動詞:advise,suggest,desire,order,require,request等。*Headvisedthatshenotgetupsolate.他勸她不要那么晚起床。*Hesuggestedthatwe(should)comeanotherday.他建議我們改天來。*Shedesiresthatitshouldnotbementionedforthepresent.她希望暫時不要再提及此事了。【即學活用】(1)He________________thetruth.

他要求知道事情的真相。(2)Theteacher_____________________thereatonce.

老師要求約翰馬上去那里。demandstoknowdemandedthatJohngo(3)Thisdictionaryis_______________.

這種字典銷路很好。(4)Ididmybestto________________.

我盡最大努力滿足他的要求。(5)Itisourdemand__________there.

她到那里去是我們的要求。ingreatdemandmeethisdemandsthatshego4.pointofview觀點;看法*Icouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview.我能以不同的角度看世界。*I’minahurry,socometothepoint.請開門見山吧,我很忙。*Thecaseyoutakeisnotinpoint.你所說的那個事例不切合當前的主題。*Hereceivedlowmarksforhisessayasmuchofitwasoffthepoint.他的作文得的分數很低,是由于大部分內容不切正題。*I’monthepointofleavingwhenTomcamein.我正要離開,這時湯姆進來了。【導圖理詞】【即學活用】用合適的介詞填空(1)WhenMarybrokeherbracelet,shewas__thepointoftears.

(2)Theyaskedtheoldmantocome__thepoint.(3)Justaswethoughtweweregettingthebestwayoftheproblem,heflew_________thepoint.attooff/beside(4)Iwas___thepointofgoingtobedwhenyourang.(5)Givetwoinstances__point;thatwillbeenough.onin5.ThemoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.我對一門語言學得越多,我的智力就增長得越快。

【句式解構】“the+比較級(...),the+比較級(...)”表示“越……,就越……”。*Thehigheryoustand,thefartheryouwillsee.你站得越高就看得越遠。*Themoreyouknow,themoreyouwillrealizehowlittleyouknow.知道得越多,你越會體會到自己知道得有限。【即學活用】句式仿寫(1)他越是這樣想,就越是不開心。_________hethoughtlikethis,________________hebecame.

(2)一個人書讀得越多就會變得越明智。_________apersonreads,________hewillbecome.

ThemorethemoreunhappyThemorethewiser(3)你對孩子說得越多,他們聽進去的就越少。_________youtalktothechildren,_______theywilllisten.

Themoretheless6.ButnowI’mhavingalotoftroublewithmylistening.

但是現在我在聽力方面有很多困難。【句式解構】本句為簡單句。havetroublewithsth.是固定句式,意為“做某事有困難/麻煩”。*Withhistelephonenumberinhand,Ihadnotroubleingettingintouchwithhim.手里有他的電話號碼,我毫不費力地聯系到他了。*Evenanexperiencedclimbermaygetintotrouble.哪怕是個有經驗的登山者也可能陷入困境。*Hewasintroublewiththepoliceoverdrugs.他因毒品的事落入警方手中。【語塊積累】havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有困難/麻煩takethetroubletodosth.不怕費事或困難盡力做某事askfortrouble自找麻煩;自討苦吃getintotrouble陷入困境;惹麻煩【名師點津】“做某事有困難/麻煩”還可以有另外的表達方式:(1)havedifficulty/aproblem/problemswithsth.(2)havedifficulty/aproblem/problemsindoingsth.

【即學活用】(1)Hetoldmethathewas_________________________________________________.

他告訴我他在學英語方面有困難。 (2)Ifyoudothat,youmight_________________.

如果你那樣做,你就會使她陷入困境。havingtroublewithhisEnglishstudy/inlearningEnglishgetherintotrouble(3)Don’timaginethatyouaretheonlyperson_________.

別想著就你一個人有麻煩事。(4)Wemustthankyoufor_______________________usameal.

我們必須謝謝你費力為我們做飯。introubletakingthetroubletomake(5)Ifyouplaywithdangerouschemicalslikethat,you’rejust________________.

如果你這樣擺弄危險的化學品,你簡直是在自討苦吃。askingfortrouble【要點拾遺】1.tonguen.

舌頭;語言*Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue.這些單詞從我嘴里讀出來感覺很奇怪。*Hernamewasonthetipofmytongue,butforthelifeofmeIcouldn’trecallit.她的名字就在我的嘴邊上,可是我無論如何也想不起來了。*Ibitthetonguewhentheyasked.他們問時,我保持著緘默。*Thenaughtyboylosthistonguebeforetheheadmaster.這頑皮的孩子在校長面前就不敢出聲了。【語塊積累】mothertongue母語onthetipofone’stongue在某人的嘴邊上,某人差一點就能想起biteone’stongue保持緘默loseone’stongue說不出話來;噤不能言【即學活用】(1)ThemanwassorudethatIhadto_____________.

那人如此無禮,我只好默不作聲。bitemytongue(2)Thestranger’squestionsurprisedmesothatI_____________.

那陌生人的詢問使我大吃一驚,一時之間連話都說不出來了。lostmytongue(3)Thewordswere____________________,butIcouldn’tsaythem.

那些單詞就在我的嘴邊上,我卻沒能說出來。onthetipofmytongue2.usedto過去常常;曾經*IusedtogethighmarksinEnglish.曾經我的英語得分很高。*IusedtogoswimmingonSaturdaysbutnowIdon’t.我過去常在星期六去游泳,可現在我不去了。*Mushroomcanalsobeusedtomakefood.蘑菇也可食用。*Iamusedtogoingtoschoolbybikenow.我現在習慣了騎自行車去上學。【語塊積累】usedtodosth.過去常常做某事beusedtodosth.被用來做某事be/getusedto(doing)sth.習慣于做某事【名師點津】be/getusedto句式中to是介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。【知識延伸】常見的含有介詞to的短語還有:bedevotedto...致力于……getdownto著手做……leadto導致【即學活用】語法填空(1)He____(use)nottolikefish,butnowhedoes.(2)Heisused__thesoftclimateofthesouth.

(3)Computerscanbeused_____(do)alotofworknow.

(4)Hegotusedto_____(live)inthecountry.usedtotodoliving3.relateto與……有關;涉及;談到*Doeseachsentencerelatetothemainidea?每一個句子都和主旨大意有關嗎?*Iamnotrelatedtohiminanyway.我和他無任何關系。*Weareinterestedonlyinwhatrelatestoourselves.我們只關心與我們有關的事。*Itisdifficulttorelatehisargumenttothefacts.很難把他的論證同事實聯系起來。【語塊積累】berelatedto與……有關relate...to...將……與……聯系起來【即學活用】(1)Hisremarksdidn’t_______________underdiscussion.

他說的話與討論的問題無關。(2)Wemust_____theseprinciples__oureverydaywork.我們必須把這些原則和我們的日常工作聯系起來。relatetothetopicrelateto(3)Thelawyerreadallthepapers________________.

律師閱讀了與該案有關的全部文件。relatingtothecase4.ListeningtoEnglishradioprogrammeshelpsmegetusedtohowfastnativespeakerstalk.

聽英語廣播節目幫助我適應以英語為母語的人的快語速。【句式解構】本句為簡單句,動名詞短語作主語。*Readingisanart.讀書是一種藝術。*Workingintheseconditionsisnotapleasurebutasuffer.在這種工作條件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。【名師點津】動名詞作主語時,謂語動詞一般用第三人稱單數形式。【知識延伸】動名詞作主語時,常用It作形式主語,構成下列句式:“Itisnousedoing...”做……是毫無用處的“Itisnogooddoing...”做……是無益處的“Itisfundoing...”做……是很有趣的“Itisawasteoftime...”做……是浪費時間的【即學活用】(1)______________isatestofnerveandskill.

攀巖是對勇氣和技巧的考驗。(2)________________________aboutthatwithhim.

跟他談那事是浪費時間。ClimbingarockItisawasteoftimetalking(3)Itis_______________somuch.

吸那么多煙是毫無益處的。nogoodsmoking5.takeon接受……的挑戰Idecidedtotakeonanewlanguage.我決定挑戰一門新的語言。Ourschoolhastakenonanewlookrecently.我們學校最近面目一新。Ishewillingtotakeontheduty?他愿意承擔責任嗎?Ourfactorywilltakeontwentymoreworkersnextmonth.我們廠下個月將再雇用20多名工人。【導圖理詞】【即學活用】根據語境猜測詞義(1)Thecitytookonafestiveair.()(2)I’lltaketheworkon,butIcan’ttellyouexactlywhenI’llfinishit.()(3)Nomoreworkersarebeingtakenonatpresent.()呈現承擔雇用(4)Weknewtheirfootballteamwasbiggerandstronger,butwetookthemonanywayandbeatthem.()挑戰【導語】

本文節選自英國作家C.S.劉易斯的作品《納尼亞傳奇:能言馬與男孩》,向往自由,對未知世界充滿好奇是男孩沙斯塔的天性。HowShastaSetoutonHisTravels

Inthosedays,farsouthinCalormenonalittlecreekofthesea,therelivedapoorfishermancalledArsheesh,andwithhimtherelivedaboywhocalledhimfather.Theboy’snamewasShasta.OnmostdaysArsheeshwentoutinhisboattofishinthemorning,andintheafternoonheharnessedhisdonkeytoacartandloadedthecartwithfishandwentamileorsosouthwardtothevillagetosellit.IfithadsoldwellhewouldcomehomeinamoderatelygoodtemperandsaynothingtoShasta,butifithadsoldbadlyhewouldfindfaultwithhimandperhapsbeathim.TherewasalwayssomethingtofindfaultwithforShastahadplentyofworktodo,mendingandwashingthenets,cookingthesupper,andcleaningthecottageinwhichtheybothlived.ShastawasnotatallinterestedinanythingthatlaysouthofhishomebecausehehadonceortwicebeentothevillagewithArsheeshandheknewthattherewasnothingveryinterestingthere.Inthevillageheonlymetothermenwhowerejustlikehisfather—menwithlong,dirtyrobes,andwoodenshoesturnedupatthetoe,andturbansontheirheads,andbeards,talkingtooneanotherveryslowlyaboutthingsthatsoundeddull.Buthewasveryinterest