考研英語閱讀理解典型范文含譯文翻譯版

Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourlives

waiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhat

doesitmeantoansocietylikeours?Toanswerthesequestions

correctly,let1stakealookatthreetypesof“waits".

TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itis

withoutdoubtthemosttiringofall.Takefillingupthe

kitchensinkasanexample.Thereisnothingyoucandowhile

thisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilitzsfull.

Duringthesewaits,thebraingetsawayfromthebodyand

wandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeof

thecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthe

waiterhelplessandmindless.

AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.This

onerequiressomerules.Properlypreparingpackagednoodle

souprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareclearindetails.

“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmer（燉）three

minutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.z,Ihave

mydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheprocesses

strictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.

Perhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingis

theLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisfor

themostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalso

voluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoes

notnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.

Turningone'slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresbeliefand

hope,andisquiteusefulfortheoptimists（樂觀主義）amongus.

Onthesurfaceitseemsassillyasfollowingthedirectionson

soupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoare

willingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn,tcometodependonit,

wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.

Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenext

timeyou（restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhile

cookingnoodlesoupthatyou*IIhavetoeatuntilalargebagof

cashfallsoutofthesky,don,tbehopeless.You'reprobablyjust

asbusyasthenextguy.

我曾在哪里讀到過，我們一生中有三分之一的時間都在等待。但我

們在哪里等待，這對我們這樣的群體意味著什么?為了正確地回答這些

問題，讓我們來看看三種類型的“等待"。

最純粹的等待方式是"守望水的等待"。毫無疑問，這是最令人厭

倦的。以填滿廚房水槽為例。在這期間你什么也做不了，只能把兩只眼

睛盯著水槽，直到它滿了。在這些等待過程中，大腦離開身體，四處游

蕩，直到水溢出柜臺邊緣，流到你的襪子上。這樣的等待讓服務員很無

助，也很盲目。

跟"守望水的等待”的不相上下的是“強迫等待"。這需要一些規

則。正確準備包裝面湯需要強制等待。細節很明確。取三杯水燒開，加

入混合料，小火煮三分鐘，熄火，靜置五分鐘。我懷疑是否有人真的嚴

格遵循了流程。畢竟，"強制等待"需要耐心。

也許最強大的等待類型是"期待幸運”的等待。這種等待是不尋常

的，因為它在很大程度上是自愿的。不像強制等待，這也是自愿的"期

待幸運"的等待不一定意味著它會發生。

把人生變成一場等待的游戲需要信念和希望，這對我們當中的樂觀

主義者來說是非常有用的。從表面上看，這似乎和按照配方做湯一樣愚

蠢，但是“期待幸運”的等待很適合那些愿意這樣做的人。只要一個人

不依賴它，希望一些好事發生不會傷害任何人。我們確實花了很多時間

等待。下次當你站在水槽邊等著水滿的時候，當你正在做一份馬上要吃

的面湯的時候，一大袋現金將從天而降，不要絕望。你可能和下一個人

一樣忙。

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeen

thesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshave

foundpositiveeffects.AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,discovered

thatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime（犯罪）.In

another,workerswereshowntobe15%morewhentheir

workplaceswerebeautifiedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurtherchanging

theactualcomposition成分）ofplantsinordertogetthem

toperformdifferently,evenunusualusefulthingsthattheydo.

Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors（傳感器）printedontotheir

leavestoshowwhenthey/reshortofwaterandaplantthat

candiscoverharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.

"We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplants

toreplacesomeofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,

"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineering

atMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（發光）

inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano*steam

foundthattheycouldcreateaweaklightforthree-and-a-half

hours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneeded

toreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldone

daybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesinto

self-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopthetechnology

andinventsomethingthatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesina

one-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant*slifetime.The

engineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”

wheretheglowwoulddisappeargraduallywhendaylight

appeared.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityused

upintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthe

powersource—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreet

lampsonahighwayfaraway—alotofenergyislostduring

sending.

人與植物之間的聯系一直是科學研究的主題。最近的研究發現了積

極的影響。在俄亥俄州揚斯敦的一項研究發現，城市的綠色區域經歷更少

的犯罪。在另一項研究中，當員工的工作場所用室內植物美化時，他們

的效率增加了15%。

麻省理工學院(MIT)的工程師們正在進一步改變植物的實際成分，以

讓它們有不同的功能，甚至能做一些很不尋常的事情。包括將傳感器印

到植物的葉子上，用來顯示當他們什么時候會缺少水份，另外一種植物

還可以發現地下水中的有害化學物質。

麻省理工學院(MIT)化學工程教授邁克爾?斯特拉諾(Michael

Strano)解釋說："我們正在考慮如何讓植物取代我們日常使用的一些東

西。”

他的最新項目之一是在實驗中用一些常見的蔬菜使植物發光。斯特

拉諾的團隊發現，他們可以制造出持續三個半小時的弱光。這個光大約

是閱讀所需光線的千分之一，這只是一個開始。斯特拉諾說，這項技術

有一天可以用來照亮房間，甚至可以把樹木變成自動供電的路燈。

未來，該團隊希望開發這項技術，并發明一種可以一次性噴灑到植

物葉片上的東西，這種東西可以持續植物的生命周期。工程師們還試圖

開發一種開關，當日光出現時，光線會逐漸消失。

照明用電約占美國總用電的由于照明通常遠離電源——比如

7%o

從發電廠到高速公路上的路燈的距離——在發送過程中會損失很多能

量。

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeen

thesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshave

foundpositiveeffects.AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,discovered

thatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrimeCB罪).In

another,workerswereshowntobe15%morewhentheir

workplaceswerebeautifiedwithhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurtherchanging

theactualcomposition（成分）ofplantsinordertogetthem

toperformdifferently,evenunusualusefulthingsthattheydo.

Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors（彳專感器）printedontotheir

leavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthat

candiscoverharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.

"We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplants

toreplacesomeofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,

"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineering

atMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（發光）

inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano*steam

foundthattheycouldcreateaweaklightforthree-and-a-half

hours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneeded

toreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldone

daybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesinto

self-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopthetechnology

andinventsomethingthatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesina

one-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant*slifetime.The

engineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”

wheretheglowwoulddisappeargraduallywhendaylight

appeared.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityused

upintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfrom