話題3健康的生活方式、積極的生活態度Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·山東青島市第一次適應性檢測)Londoncanbeanexpensivecitytovisitifyougounprepared.IfyougosightseeinginLondonforthefirsttime，itissuggestedinvestinginaLondonPass.TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeingcreditspackagethatgivesyouaccessto80＋attractionsinthecitywitharelativelylowercost.Formanyattractionsonthepass，there’snoneedtopre－book.However，somemayhavelimitedcapacity，soyou’llneedtobookinadvance.WhatdoyougetwithTheLondonPass?·Incrediblesavings.·Accesstomorethan80topLondonattractions.·Fastentryatselectedattractionsandsights.·90－daymoney－backguarantee.GotoTheLondonPassbookingpageandchooseadurationthatsuitsyourtrip—TheLondonPassisavailableforone，two，three，four，five，six，sevenor10consecutivedays.Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.Whenyougettothegateofanyparticipatingattraction，showyourLondonPassandheadstraightinside.Whatareourbestsellers?·2DayPass：Child￡65.00Adult￡99.00·3DayPass：Child￡77.00Adult￡116.00·5DayPass：Child￡94.00Adult￡144.00【語篇解讀】本文是應用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦通票的作用以及收費情況。1.WhyisTheLondonPassrecommendedtotravelers?A.Itoffersmoney－savingtips.B.IthelpstovisitLondononabudget.C.Itprovidesaccesstomoreattractions.D.Itpromisestoreturnmoneyifunused.答案B[細節理解題。根據第一段中“TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeing...witharelativelylowercost.”可知，推薦倫敦通票給旅行者是因為它對在預算內游覽倫敦會有所幫助。]2.WhatshouldyoudobeforeusingTheLondonPass?A.Signuponthepage.B.Downloadtheapp.C.Bookyourtours.D.Updateyourinformation.答案B[細節理解題。根據第三段中“Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.”可知，使用倫敦通票前應該下載應用程序。]3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwant3DayPassfortwoparentsandakid?A.￡164. B.￡263.C.￡309. D.￡382.答案C[數字計算題。根據“3DayPass：Child￡77.00Adult￡116.00”可知，如果你想買一張父母和一個孩子的3日票，你需要付77＋116＋116＝￡309。](2024·山東濟寧三模)Whatisthe15－minutecity?It’stheurbanplanningconceptthateverythingcityresidentsneedshouldbeashortwalkorbikerideaway—about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.Supportersarguethat15－minutecitiesarehealthierforresidentsandtheenvironment，creatingunitedmini－communities，boostinglocalbusinesses，andencouragingpeopletogetoutside，walk，andcycle.ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas，butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.In2015，Pariswas17thonthelistofbike－friendlycities；by2019，itwas8th.Carownership，meanwhile，droppedfrom60percentofhouseholdsin2001to35percentin2019.The15－minutecityfiguredlargelyinHidalgo’ssuccessful2020re－electioncampaign.TheideahasalsogainedsupportintheU.S.Itclearlywon’tworkeverywhere：NoteverycityisascentralizedandwalkableasParis.Somecar－dominatedcitieslikeLosAngelesandPhoenixwouldbehard－pressedtoprovideeverythingpeopleneedwithinwalkingdistance.Inaddition，someurbanplannersarguethatthe15－minutecitycouldincreasetheseparationofneighborhoodsbyincome.Neighborhoodsequippedwithalltheconveniencesrequiredbythe15－minutecityalsotendtohavehighhousingcostsandwealthierresidents.Despitesomeresistance，thebasicprinciplesbehindthe15－minutecityareinfluencingplanningincitiesaroundtheworld，includingMelbourne，Barcelona，BuenosAires，Singapore，andShanghai.UrbandesignerandthinkerJayPittersayscitieswherebasicneedsarewithinwalkingdistancecreatemoreindividualfreedomthanneedingtodriveeverywhere.“Inacitywhereservicesarealwayscloseby，”hesays，“mobilityisachoice：Yougowhereyouwantbecauseyouwantto，notbecauseyouhaveto.Myfightisnotagainstthecar.Myfightishowwecouldimprovethequalityoflife.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。15分鐘城市的理念是城市居民需要的一切都應該在步行或騎自行車15分鐘的距離內，這對于居民來說很方便。文章主要介紹了15分鐘城市的理念的起源以及人們對該理念的不同觀點。4.Whichbestdescribesthe15－minutecity?A.Modern. B.Convenient.C.Entertaining. D.Smart.答案B[推理判斷題。根據第一段中“It’stheurbanplanningconceptthat...about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.”可知，15分鐘城市的理念是城市居民需要的一切都應該在步行或騎自行車出行的短距離內——從家到上班、購物、娛樂、餐館、學校、公園和醫療中心大約需要15分鐘，這對于居民來說很方便，由此可推知，B項“Convenient(便利的)”這個詞最能描述出15分鐘城市的特點。]5.What’stheoriginalintentionforParistoadvocatethe15－minutecity?A.Toaddressclimateissues.B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Topromotethebikeindustry.D.TohelpHidalgogetre－elected.答案A[細節理解題。根據第二段中“ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas...bydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.”可知，巴黎倡導15分鐘城市的初衷是解決氣候問題。]6.What’ssomeurbanplanners’worryaboutthe15－minutecity?A.Itslowsthecity’sexpansion.B.Itrepresentsasetbackforsociety.C.Itmaywidenthegapbetweenneighborhoods.D.Itcancausethespecializationofneighborhoods.答案C[細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“the15－minutecitycouldincreasetheseparationofneighborhoodsbyincome...tendtohavehighhousingcostsandwealthierresidents.”可知，一些城市規劃者對15分鐘城市的擔心是，它可能會加大鄰里之間的差距。]7.What’sJayPitter’sattitudetotheconceptof15－minutecity?A.Doubtful. B.Favorable.C.Critical. D.Uninterested.答案B[觀點態度題。根據最后一段中“UrbandesignerandthinkerJayPittersays...thanneedingtodriveeverywhere.”可推知，JayPitter對15分鐘城市理念的態度是贊成的。]Allparentsknowexerciseisimportantforchildren:Itcanlowerheartrisks,controlweightandhelpkidsdobetterinschool.Expertshavealsoprovedthatoutdooractivitiesatanearlyagecanhelpchildrenformhealthyhabitsforlife.Butdon’texpectkidstounderstandaboutthosethings.Somekidsjustaren’tintoexercise,butthatshouldn’tmeantheyhavetobeaddictedtotheTV.Soparentscoulddosomethingtohelpinactivekidsfallinlovewithphysicalactivity.IfparentssitinfrontoftheTVeverynight,kidsaren’tlikelytorespectrestrictions(限制)yousetontheirscreentimeeither.Socheckyourownbehaviorandserveasarolemodelbyputtingphysicalactivityintoyoureverydaylife.Walkinsteadofdrivingifpossible.Regularlyjoininactivitiesthatyouenjoyandletyourkidsseehowmuchyouenjoythem.Inthisway,theymay“doastheRomansdo”.Makesurethatchildren’sfitnessisincludedinthefamilyscheduleaswellasschool,workandshopping.Thenyouandyourchildrenaremorelikelytosticktoanexerciseplan.AndyourchildrenwillbegintoexpectthatSundaymorningusuallymeansahikeride,andonacoupleofnightsafterdinnerthefamilytakesalightwalkthroughtheneighborhood.Childrenwhoaren’tnaturallygoodatphysicalactivitymaybeworriedabouttheirlackofphysicalskillsandevenfearpublicfailure.Theyneedallthesupportandencouragementfromparents.Negativecommentsdon’tworkandwillonlymakethemfeelbad.Remember,focusontheeffort—choosingtobeactiveortryingtoimproveaskill—ratherthantheresult.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要講述了從小進行戶外活動可以幫助孩子養成終生的健康習慣。但不要指望孩子們能理解這些事情。所以父母可以做一些事情來幫助不活躍的孩子愛上體育活動。8.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.WhenparentscanwatchTV.B.Whatactivityparentscanjoinin.C.Whychildrenshouldenjoyexercise.D.Howparentscanleadchildrentoexercise.答案D[段落大意題。根據第二段“IfparentssitinfrontoftheTVeverynight...byputtingphysicalactivityintoyoureverydaylife.”可知，這段主要說父母要把體育活動加入每天的生活中，為孩子做榜樣。D項說法符合題意，故選D項。]9.Whatdoesthetexttellus?A.Itistheresultthatalwayscomesfirst.B.KidscanchooseeitherexerciseortheTV.C.Exerciseisnecessaryforhealthydevelopment.D.Childrenhavingfewphysicalskillsshouldbepunished.答案C[細節理解題。根據第一段“Allparentsknowexerciseisimportantforchildren...canhelpchildrenformhealthyhabitsforlife.”可知，鍛煉對健康有好處。下文就父母如何激發孩子對運動的興趣進行了介紹。C項說法正確，故選C項。]10.Forwhomisthetextwritten?A.Parents. B.Children.C.PEteachers. D.Experts.答案A[讀者對象題。根據第二段“IfparentssitinfrontoftheTVeverynight...byputtingphysicalactivityintoyoureverydaylife.”以及下文中“Thenyouandyourchildrenaremorelikelytosticktoanexerciseplan.”可知，文中第一段提到父母要為孩子做榜樣，把日常活動加入日程中，以及下文通篇在說你和你的孩子怎么做，可推知是寫給父母的。故選A項。]11.Howcanwedescribetheauthor’sattitudetochildren’senjoyingexercise?A.Doubtful. B.Opposed.C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.答案C[觀點態度題。根據第一段“Soparentscoulddosomethingtohelpinactivekidsfallinlovewithphysicalactivity.”可知，作者認為鍛煉對身體有好處，并提出家長做些事情幫助孩子愛上體育活動，可知作者是持支持的態度。故選C項。]Ⅱ.七選五(2024·四川九市聯考)TheOxfordDictionarydescribesstaycationas“aholidayspentinone’shomecountryratherthanabroad,oronespentathomeandinvolvingdaytripstolocalattractions.”1Itgivesyoualmost100%ofrestfultimewithlittletonoprep.Stoptoconsiderthefollowing:theratio(比例)ofqualitytimethat’sspentonrelaxationismoreimportantthanthenumberofdaysforholidays.2Forinstance,aweekendbreakthatconsistsoflongtraveloneithersideisnorecipe(良方)forrelaxation.Thisisoneofthereasonswhystaycationsaremorerefreshingthanvacations.3Insteadoflosingtimeandenergypreparingforavacation,astaycationwillprovideyouwithhigh－qualityrestingtime.You’llgetbacktoworkfeelingmorerefreshed,andrelaxed.4Staycationsalsoticksomeofthesameboxesasvacationslikeexperiencingnewthings.Youjustneedtoexplorenearbythingswhichyouhaveneverpaidattentionto.Oftenweoverlooktheattractionsthatareneartous.5However,ifyoumakeanefforttoexploretheareaclosetowhereyoulive,youmaybepleasantlysurprised.Therewillbecafesandrestaurantsyou’venevertried,historicbuildingsyou’veneverseenbefore,andnatureparksyou’venevervisited.Sowithalittleeffortonyourpart,you’llbeabletoexperiencenewandexcitingthin