2025高考英語(yǔ)大二輪專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練高考題型組合練作業(yè)16社會(huì)現(xiàn)象與社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)議論文作業(yè)16社會(huì)現(xiàn)象與社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)議論文議論文閱讀解題技法A(2023·全國(guó)乙)Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld，ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartof①humanity，youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone，becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts，whilemostoftheworld，formostofthetime，hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements，anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects，andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat，butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict，atBotanyBay，betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside，wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside，wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday，theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemof②miscomprehensionfrombothsides，therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted，especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino，theAustralianAboriginals，theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas，allofwhomappearinthisbook，canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontactbetweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese，allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted，onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation，wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts，buttheobjects.1．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B．Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C．Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.2．WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A．Hisreportwasscientific.B．Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C．HeruledoverBotanyBay.D．Hisrecordwas③one-sided.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A．Problem.B．History.C．Voice.D．Society.4.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A．HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB．AShortHistoryofAustraliaC．AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD．HowArtWorksTellStories語(yǔ)境猜詞①humanity(派)＝human＋ity②miscomprehension(派)＝mis＋comprehen(d)＋sion③one-sided(合)＝one＋sidedB(2024·廣東韶關(guān)二模)Islifeastoryoragame?Answersmayvaryfromonetoanother.Overthecourseoflife，wefindthingstoloveandcommitto—ajob，apartneroracommunity.Attimes，westruggletolearnfromourmisfortunestogrowinwisdom，kindnessandgrace.WillStorr，awriterwhoseworkIadmire，saysthisstoryversionoflifeisamisunderstanding.InhisbookTheStatusGame，hearguesthathumanbeingsaredeeplydrivenbystatus.Ratherthanaboutbeinglikedoraccepted，hewrites，it’saboutbeingbetterthanothers.“Whenpeopleareobedienttous，offerrespect，admirationorpraise，that’sstatus.Itfeelsgood.”Lifeisaseriesofgames，headds.There’sthehighschoolgameofcompetingtobethepopularkid.Thelawyergametomakepartner.Thefinancegametomakethemostmoney.Theacademicgameforfame.Thesportsgametoshowthatourteamisthebest.Evenwhenwearetryingtodogood，Storrclaims，we’replayingthe“virtuegame”toshowwearemorallysuperiortoothers.IthinkStorrisindangerofbecomingoneofthoseguyswhoignorethenobledesiresofthehumanheartandthecaringelementineveryfriendshipandfamily.The①status-madworldthatStorrdescribesissoloveless.Infact，gamingasawayoflifeis②immature.Maturitymeansrisingabovetheshallowdesire—forstatus—thatdoesn’treallynourishus.It’saboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:theloveoftruthandlearning;theinnerpleasurethecraftsmangetsinhiswork，whichisnotaboutpopularity，andthedesireforagoodandmeaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractisedailyactsofgenerosity.Howdopeoplegraduallylearntocultivatethesehighermotivations?Toanswerthat，I’dhavetotellyouastory.5．WhatliesinthecoreofWillStorr’sopinionaboutlife?A．Theprideinone’svirtue. B．Thepursuitof③superiority.C．Thedesireforacceptance. D．Themotivationbywealth.6．Whatcanbeviewedashighermotivationsinthetext?A．Loveandsuperiority. B．Maturityanddesire.C．Commitmentandkindness. D．Friendshipandpopularity.7.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tocorrectanattitude.B．Totellastory.C．Toexplaintwoarguments.D．Tocriticizeaviewpoint.8．Whatstorydoyouthinktheauthorwilltellnext?A．Aking’s-comebackstory.B．A④rags-to-richesstory.C．AYuanLongping-stylestory.D．Anovernight-successstory.語(yǔ)境猜詞①status-mad(合)＝status＋mad②immature(派)＝im＋mature③superiority(派)＝superior＋ity④rags-to-riches(合)＝rags＋to＋richesC(2024·河南鶴壁二模)Sayingfarewelltosomeoneyoulove，evenforanight，canbedifficult，①muchlesssayinggoodbyeforalifetimeorforeverindeath.JulietbidRomeoadieu(再見(jiàn))fortheeveningwiththewords，“Partingissuchsweetsorrow.”Sweetsorrowisanoxymoron.Butthisseemingcontradictionistrueinthecontextofrelationships.Relationshipsarebasedonfeelings，emotions，andpassion.Deepfriendshipsandlovingrelationshipsaremeasuredbythelevelofemotional②attachment.Emotions③intensifyovertime.Peoplespendtimewiththepeopletheylike.Themoreonepersonlikesanotherperson，theclosertherelationshipbecomes.Eachpersonintherelationshipreceivesanemotionalbenefitfromknowingtheotherperson.Sayinggoodbyemeansseparatingfromthepeoplewhomakeupasignificantpartofyouremotionalidentity.Separation，evenatemporaryabsence，fromthepeopleyouhaveadeepemotionalconnectionwithcancausesorrowbecauseyouwillnolongerbeabletoenjoytheircompany.Thesweetsideofsayinggoodbyeistheemotionalfulfillmentofbeinginacloserelationship.Thetimespenttogetherisemotionallyrewarding，especiallyifthatpersonisseenasa④soulmate.Humansaresocialbeings.Weseektheloveandcomfortofotherpeople.Lonelinessdevastatesthehumanconditionandleadstosadness.Sadpeoplewilldoanythingtheycantofindfulfillingrelationships.⑤Likewise，happypeoplewilldoanythingtheycantomaintainorenhancerelationships.Hereinliestheessentialpointoftheemotionalproblem.Themoreintenserelationshipsbecome，themoredevastatingtheemotionallossthatisfeltuponseparation.Theexhilarationofrelationshipscannotbetrulymeasuredwithoutexperiencingtheoverwhelminglossofadeepemotionalconnection.Enjoythecompanyofthepersonyouarewithaslongasyoucan;knowingthepainyouwillfeelattheendoftherelationshipisthetruemeasureoftherelationship.Ifitdoesn’thurttosaygoodbye，perhapsitwasn’tworthsayinghello.9．Whichofthefollowingcancreatethesameeffectas“sweetsorrow”？A．Icycold.B．Clickingsound.C．⑥D(zhuǎn)eafeningsilence.D．Endlessspeech.10．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．Sayinggoodbyeisunavoidableinourdailylife.B．Thecompanionofclosefriendscanlessensorrow.C．Aperson’sidentityisconnectedwithrelationship.D．Separationisthesorrowfulpartofsayinggoodbye.11．Howcanapersongetemotionalsatisfactioninsociallifeaccordingtothepassage?A．Bymakingmorecommentsonothers’work.B．Bybuildingdeepemotionalconnectionswithothers.C．Bycomfortingfriendswithloveandintensefeelings.D．Bybeingathoughtfulpersonbystandinginothers’shoes.12．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Sweetsorrowisverycommonincloserelationships.B．Thepainofseparationisthemeasureofrelationships.C．Humanbeingsareeagertogetemotionalfulfillment.D．Happinessismeaninglesswithoutsadnesstocompareit.語(yǔ)境猜詞①muchless②attachment(派)＝attach＋ment③intensify(派)＝intens(e)＋ify④soulmate(合)＝soul＋mate⑤likewise(合)＝like＋wise⑥deafening(派)＝deaf＋en＋ing語(yǔ)境猜詞答案A．①人類(lèi)(總稱(chēng))②誤解③片面的，單方面的B．①為地位而瘋狂的②不成熟的③優(yōu)越感④貧窮到富裕的C．①更不用說(shuō)②喜歡，依戀③增強(qiáng)，加劇④靈魂伴侶⑤同樣地，類(lèi)似地⑥震耳欲聾的

答案精析語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。本文討論了僅僅依靠書(shū)面文本來(lái)講述世界歷史的局限性并強(qiáng)調(diào)了將物品納入歷史敘事以更好地理解無(wú)文字社會(huì)的重要性。1．A[段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，不能僅通過(guò)文本講述世界歷史，因?yàn)槲锲芬灿涗浟巳藗冴P(guān)心的事情，即第一段主要講述的是歷史應(yīng)該如何呈現(xiàn)給我們。故選A。]2．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句可推斷，作者認(rèn)為歷史應(yīng)該是文本和物品相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，但是很多情況下，我們做不到。再根據(jù)所舉例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside，wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside，wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.”可知，作者舉這個(gè)例子是為了說(shuō)明船長(zhǎng)的記錄是片面的，只從自己的角度描述了問(wèn)題。故選D。]3．B[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞上文“...therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted，especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite...canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade...avoice.”可知，物品同樣能講述歷史，文字描述只能說(shuō)明一半的歷史。故畫(huà)線詞所在句“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation，wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts，buttheobjects.”強(qiáng)調(diào)解讀物品來(lái)了解歷史的另一半。所以conversation指的是“歷史”。故選B。]4．C[文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段、第二段最后一句以及最后一段第二、三句和最后一句可知，本文講述僅僅依靠書(shū)面文本來(lái)講述世界歷史有局限性，想要更好地了解歷史就要將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起。從而推斷文章最有可能選自《100件物品中的世界史》。故選C。]語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇議論文。生活是一個(gè)故事還是一場(chǎng)游戲？作家WillStorr認(rèn)為生活就是一系列的游戲，人類(lèi)深受地位的驅(qū)使，作者指出這種生活態(tài)度是不成熟的，成熟意味著追求更高的愿望。5．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中關(guān)鍵句“Inhisbook...it’saboutbeingbetterthanothers.”以及第三段中“There’sthehighschoolgameofcompeting...toshowwearemorallysuperiortoothers.”可知，WillStorr對(duì)于生活的觀點(diǎn)的核心在于要比別人更好，B項(xiàng)“追求優(yōu)越感”符合題意，故選B。]6．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“It’sabout...ofgenerosity.(它是關(guān)于培養(yǎng)更高的愿望：對(duì)真理和學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛(ài)；工匠從他的作品中獲得內(nèi)心的愉悅，這與受歡迎與否無(wú)關(guān)，以及對(duì)美好而有意義的生活的渴望，激勵(lì)著人們踐行慷慨的日常行為)”可知，C項(xiàng)“全心投入和善良”可以被視為更高的動(dòng)機(jī)，故選C。]7．A[寫(xiě)作意圖題。本文首先提出問(wèn)題：生活是一個(gè)故事還是一場(chǎng)游戲？接著提到了作家WillStorr對(duì)此問(wèn)題的回答——他認(rèn)為生活就是一系列的游戲，人類(lèi)深受地位的驅(qū)使，然后作者指出這種生活態(tài)度是不成熟的，并提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，故本文目的是糾正一種態(tài)度，故選A。]8．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“It’saboutcultivating...generosity.”和最后一段“Howdopeople...I’dhavetotellyouastory.”可知，更高的愿望是對(duì)真理和學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛(ài)和對(duì)美好而有意義的生活的渴望，作者接下來(lái)要講述關(guān)于如何培養(yǎng)這些更高動(dòng)機(jī)的故事，C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)袁隆平式的故事”符合更高動(dòng)機(jī)的內(nèi)涵，故選C。]語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章通過(guò)著名戲劇臺(tái)詞“Partingissuchsweetsorrow”引出對(duì)人際關(guān)系的討論，闡述了分離的痛苦是衡量感情的尺度9.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sweetsorrowisanoxymoron.Butthisseemingcontradictionistrueinthecontextofrelationships.(甜蜜的悲傷是一種矛盾修辭法。但這種看似矛盾的現(xiàn)象在人際關(guān)系中卻是真實(shí)存在的)”可知，本句中sweetsorrow是一種矛盾的修辭方法。故C選項(xiàng)“Deafeningsilence.(震耳欲聾的沉默)”符合題意。故選C。]10．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“告別意味著你要跟那些在你的情感認(rèn)同中占據(jù)重要地位的人分開(kāi)。與和你有深厚情感聯(lián)系的人分離，即使是短暫的缺席，都會(huì)帶來(lái)悲傷，因?yàn)槟銓o(wú)法再享受他們的陪伴”可知，分離是告別時(shí)悲傷的部分。故選D。]11．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Deepensifyovertime.(深厚的友誼和戀愛(ài)關(guān)系是由情感依戀的程度來(lái)衡量的。情感會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而增強(qiáng))”以及第四段中“Thetimespenttogether...ofotherpeople.(一起度過(guò)的時(shí)光在情感上是有益的，尤其是如果那個(gè)人被視為靈魂伴侶。人類(lèi)是社會(huì)生物。我們從他人身上汲取愛(ài)與安慰)”可推知，一個(gè)人可以通過(guò)與他人建立深厚的情感聯(lián)系在社交生活中獲得情感上的滿足。故選B。]12．B[主旨大意題。通讀全文以及根據(jù)最后兩段可知，文章通過(guò)“告別”帶給人看似矛盾的情感體驗(yàn)這一現(xiàn)象，深入分析了分離痛苦這種情感體驗(yàn)在衡量人際關(guān)系疏密中的作用。B選項(xiàng)“Thepainofseparationisthemeasureofrelationships.(分離的痛苦是衡量感情的尺度)”可概括文章的主旨。故選B。]作業(yè)17自我認(rèn)知和成長(zhǎng)類(lèi)說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文七選五閱讀文體解讀1．語(yǔ)言正式且簡(jiǎn)潔：說(shuō)明文通常采用正式且簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言來(lái)描述、解釋或說(shuō)明某一主題或現(xiàn)象。避免使用過(guò)于口語(yǔ)化或冗長(zhǎng)的表達(dá)方式，以便于讀者快速理解和把握內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。2．客觀性強(qiáng)：說(shuō)明文強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性，盡量使用客觀的文字來(lái)描述、解釋和概括事物。避免使用過(guò)多的主觀評(píng)價(jià)和感情色彩，以確保信息的準(zhǔn)確性和可信度。3．結(jié)構(gòu)清晰：說(shuō)明文的結(jié)構(gòu)通常非常清晰，常常采用“總－分－總”或“總－分”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)組織內(nèi)容。首先提出主題或論點(diǎn)，然后分點(diǎn)展開(kāi)說(shuō)明，最后可能進(jìn)行總結(jié)或強(qiáng)調(diào)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)有助于讀者快速理解文章的主旨和要點(diǎn)。4．內(nèi)容廣泛：說(shuō)明文涉及的內(nèi)容非常廣泛，可以涵蓋自然、社會(huì)、科技、文化等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。在七選五閱讀中，說(shuō)明文可能涉及知識(shí)介紹、教人如何學(xué)習(xí)、如何做事、如何健康幸福地生活等方面的內(nèi)容。5．注重邏輯和條理：說(shuō)明文在描述和解釋事物時(shí)，注重邏輯和條理。通常會(huì)采用清晰的定義、分類(lèi)、排序、劃分等方式來(lái)組織內(nèi)容，以便于讀者快速理解和把握要點(diǎn)。說(shuō)明文七選五閱讀解題技法1．通讀全文，理解大意·快速瀏覽全文，尋找主題句，這通常出現(xiàn)在文章的開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾部分。·掌握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和主要內(nèi)容，對(duì)文章的整體框架有一個(gè)大致的了解。2．瀏覽選項(xiàng)，初選答案·在對(duì)全文的大意有所了解后，依次瀏覽所有的選項(xiàng)。·注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的與原文相同或相似的詞匯，試著將選項(xiàng)代入原文，看是否符合上下文邏輯。3．詳細(xì)閱讀，確定答案·仔細(xì)閱讀文章的正文部分，并找出各個(gè)段落的關(guān)鍵詞，這有助于理解文章的具體內(nèi)容和細(xì)節(jié)。·明確各選項(xiàng)的含義，并抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。注意詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)(如同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等)、代詞以及語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)記語(yǔ)等，這些都有助于確定正確答案。4．分析邏輯關(guān)系·注意句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列等。這些邏輯關(guān)系有助于確定句子在文中的正確位置。·特別注意空前空后的句子，通過(guò)它們與選項(xiàng)中的句子進(jìn)行比較，找出關(guān)聯(lián)性。5．排除法·如果某個(gè)選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容或上下文邏輯明顯不符，可以直接排除。·注意找出與其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的句子也可能是錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。6．注意代詞和定冠詞在做七選五閱讀時(shí)，要特別注意句子中出現(xiàn)的人稱(chēng)代詞或指示代詞。通過(guò)代詞在句子中所作的成分，可以推斷出它指代的句子的類(lèi)型，然后從選項(xiàng)中找出這類(lèi)句型。7．先易后難在解題過(guò)程中，可以先從容易的題目開(kāi)始做起，逐漸攻克難題。這有助于建立信心，提高解題效率。8．復(fù)查答案在完成所有題目后，復(fù)查答案。將選定的選項(xiàng)代入原文中，檢查是否符合上下文邏輯和文章的整體意思。(每小題2.5分，滿分25分)A(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep，butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.1Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper，puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”2Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobe①world-changing，justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage，puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone，listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework，whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked，orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.3Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.4Thatway，youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact，don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis，it’strue.5We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A．Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B．Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C．Theymightevenliketo②haveagoatdoingtheexercise.D．It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E．Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F．Whateveritis，nomatterhowsmallitmightseem，writeitdown.G．Whateverthemistake，rememberitisn’ta③fixedaspectofyourpersonality.語(yǔ)境猜詞①world-changing(合)＝world＋changing②haveago③fixed(派)＝fix＋edB(2024·江蘇鹽城、南京一模)PursueYourDreamsToday，NotTomorrowHaveyoucaughtyourselfdaydreamingaboutyourdreams?Weoftenpostponeourdreams，trappedinacycleofdelay.Butwhywait?1Youdon’thavetotakeahuge，life-changingstep.Youcantakeminutestepstowardabrighterfuture.Andstartrightnow.2Ifyounevertry，you’regoingtobe①weigheddownbyyourregrets.You’realwaysgoingtowonderhowyourlifewould’veturnedoutifyouactuallytookachanceonyourself.Don’tletyourfutureselfbedisappointedbyyourpresentself.Itdoesn’tmatterhowoldyouareorhowmanypeoplehavewarnedyouthatyou’renevergoingtosucceed.Eventhemostsuccessfulpeoplehavehadtheirhesitationsaboutwhethertheyhadwhatittooktomakeitintheirfield.3Embracea②mindsetofdetermination，knowingthatsuccessiswithinyourreach.Attheendoftheday，youneedtocarveoutapathforyourselfthatwillleadtothemostsatisfaction.Ifyouallowyourfeartogetthebestofyou，you’renevergoingtoforgiveyourself.4It’swhatyouwouldencourageyourfriendstodo，sowhyaren’tyougivingyourselfthatsamepush?Sometimes，followingyourpassionmeansspendingalotofyourtimeeachday.Itmayrequiremakingslightadjustmentstoyourschedule，butyoudon’thavetosacrificeeverythingtofollowyourhearts.Trytostrikeabalancebetweenyourcurrentlifeandyourdreams.5Pursueyourdreamsnow，eventhoughthatmeansyoumightneedtobreakoutofyourcomfortzone，andeventhoughitmeansenteringtheunknown.A．Askyourselfwhatwouldbeworse.B．Startingsmalliscompletelyacceptable.C．Youoweittoyourselftogoafteryourdreams.D．Newopportunitiesmayleadtopersonalgrowth.E．Ifthingsgowell，youcangraduallymakefurthershifts.F．Youneedtomovepastyourinsecuritiesandexploreyourfullpotential.G．Hardasitis，it’scrucialto③waveoffthedoubtsinthebackofyourmind.語(yǔ)境猜詞①weighdown②mindset(合)＝mind＋set③waveoff語(yǔ)境猜詞答案A．①改變世界的②試一試③固定的B．①使煩惱，使焦慮；壓垮②觀念模式，思維傾向③拒絕，不接受答案精析A語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章鼓勵(lì)人們練習(xí)自我寬恕，并提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)自信。通過(guò)列出個(gè)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為，人們可以學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的錯(cuò)誤，并從中成長(zhǎng)。1．D[根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過(guò)于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后的“dothis”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項(xiàng)D(寬恕自己也同樣重要)與“不要太自責(zé)”語(yǔ)意相近，起承上啟下的作用。故選D。]2．B[根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper，puttheheading‘Personalstrengths.’”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing，justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個(gè)性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn))符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋哪些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B。]3．F[根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項(xiàng)F(不管是什么，不管它看起來(lái)有多微不足道，都要把它寫(xiě)下來(lái))與上文內(nèi)容一致，講述的是不管你所做的事情有多小，只要是好的事情，都記下來(lái)。故選F。]4．C[根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway，youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一起交換意見(jiàn)等。選項(xiàng)C(他們甚至可能想試一試做這個(gè)練習(xí))符合語(yǔ)境，C項(xiàng)中的“They”指代空前的“afriendorfamilymember”。故選C。]5．G[根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為人從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。選項(xiàng)G(不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)符合語(yǔ)境，G項(xiàng)中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.”保持一致，指的都是犯錯(cuò)并不是性格中固定的一面，我們是通過(guò)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)成長(zhǎng)。故選G。]Beq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的夢(mèng)想提出了一些建議。)1．B[后文提到了不需要邁出巨大的、改變?nèi)松囊徊剑纱丝芍揪涫窃诮ㄗh從小的方面開(kāi)始。故B選項(xiàng)“從小處開(kāi)始是完全可以接受的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。]2．C[根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段的主旨是給自己一個(gè)改變生活的機(jī)會(huì)，即建議去追求自己的夢(mèng)想。故C選項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該為自己去追求你的夢(mèng)想”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。]3．G[后文提到要擁有堅(jiān)定的心態(tài)，相信自己能夠取得成功，由此可知要擺脫懷疑的心態(tài)。故G選項(xiàng)“盡管困難重重，但擺脫心中的疑慮是至關(guān)重要的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。]4．F[上文提到不要讓恐懼占據(jù)上風(fēng)，即建議要克服恐懼和不安全感，來(lái)發(fā)掘潛力。故F選項(xiàng)“你需要克服你的不安全感，充分發(fā)掘你的潛力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。]5．E[上文提到了在你現(xiàn)在的生活和你的夢(mèng)想之間取得平衡，本句為本段最后一句，故說(shuō)明這么做的結(jié)果。故E選項(xiàng)“如果一切順利，你可以逐漸做出進(jìn)一步的改變”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。]作業(yè)18社會(huì)交往指南類(lèi)說(shuō)明文(每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)A(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)FitnessMagazinerecently①rananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner”．Onereasonwas:“You’llactually②showupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym，”whileanotherread：“1”Witha③workoutpartner，youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙的)competition.So，howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall，decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.2Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit，abletomovewithstrengthand④flexibility？Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia，butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.3Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym，thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo，howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession，andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities，andprovidedherphonenumber.4Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.5Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E．Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F．Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G．Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.語(yǔ)境猜詞①run熟義：v.跑，奔跑生義(文義)：v.②showup③workout(合)＝work＋out④flexibility(派)＝flexib(le)＋ilityB(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)TalkingwithyourdoctorTalkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.Don’tbeafraidorembarrassedtodiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.1·Staypositive.Gotoyourdoctor’svisitswithagoodattitude.2Thinkteamwork!Thinkpositive!·①Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.3Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms(癥狀)andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou’vefeltthatway.·4Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses，treatments，whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo，andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also，ifyouareallergic(過(guò)敏的)toanymedicines，besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.·Askquestions.Donotbeafraidtoaskyourdoctoranyquestionsyouhave.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor’soffice，writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.5Remember—there’snosuchthingasastupidquestion.Ifyoudon’tunderstandtheanswertoaquestion，askthedoctortoexplainitagainuntilyoudounderstand.A．Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.B．Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.C．Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon’twork.D．Beforeyourdoctor’svisit，keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.E．Remember，yourdoctorandother②caregiversareonyourside.F．Bringyourmedicalhistory，includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.G．Writingdownwhatthedoctorsayswillhelpyourememberimportantinformation.語(yǔ)境猜詞①keeptrackof②caregiver(合)＝care＋giverC(2024·山東青島一模)Whenyouthinkofyourclosestfriends，whowillcometoyourmind?Perhapsyourcollegeroommatesortheneighboryouplayedwithasachild.Regardlessofhowyoumetthesepeople，theymostlikelyhaveonekeythingincommon：1A2023studyfoundthat，forthoseaged21to30，over80percentintheirsocialcircles，werebornwithinfiveyearsofthem.Moreover，nearly63percentofadultshavenoclosefriends15yearsolderoryoungerthanthem.Spendingourtimewithsuchanarrowgroupofpeoplecan①fuelagesegregationandincreaseourloneliness.Theselimitationsalsokeepusfromothergenerations’mindsetsandpotentiallysurprisingpointsofconnection.2Ofcourse，theonesthatareoldermightofferabrieflookintothecomingyears.Aprogramthatrunsschoolsoutofseniorcentershassaidalotaboutit.3DawnCarr，asociologyprofessor，saidmostolderpeoplegetmuchfrompracticalhelp—withnewtechnology，forinstance—theiryoungerfriendsoffered.4Havingfunwithsomeonedecadesyoungerdefinitelytakesofftheirpressureto“acttheirage”．5Lila，aged75，wasproudthatherlifeexperiencespreparedhertogiveadvicetoheryoungfriendwithdepression，forwhichtheyoungwasgrateful.Also，olderfriendsoffermoreexamplesofwhatgrowingupcanlooklike.Ifsomeone’sparentsaretheonlyolderpeopletheyknowwell，theymightfailtopictureotherpossibilities.Agreaterpoolofolderfriendscanhelpyoungpeoplecreatetheirown②blueprint.A．You③befriendthosewholivearound.B．They’reallroughlythesameageasyou.C．Othersmightfindjoyinexposuretonewideas.D．Broughtcloser，bothseemorethanonebenefit.E．Youngerfriendscanbea④reminderofpastselves.F．Formingthesekindsoffriendshipisparticularlyhardtoday.G．Indeed，⑤intergenerationalrelationshipisneveraone-waystreet.語(yǔ)境猜詞①fuel熟