2025高考英語大二輪語言運用篇——完形填空和語法填空完形填空主要考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎上運用詞匯和語法的能力。在一篇230詞左右的短文中設空15處，要求考生從每題所給的四個選項中選出正確選項，使補全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫、結構完整。新課程標準要求考生能在語境中理解具體詞語的功能、內涵和外延以及使用者的意圖和態度；能理解語篇中特定語言的使用意圖以及語言在反映情感態度和價值觀方面所起的作用。卷別年份短文詞數體裁主題語境題目類型名詞動詞形容詞副詞詞組或短語新課標Ⅰ2024234記敘文人與自我：運動興趣和運動經歷57111(動)2023227記敘文人與社會：越野賽跑中救助受傷對手84201(動)2022228記敘文人與自我：野營過程中經歷的趣事54312(1動1介)新課標Ⅱ2023231記敘文人與社會：定居意大利以及意大利的風土人情58101(動)2024221記敘文人與社會：幫助別人用飛機運輸寵物狗35412(動)2022202記敘文人與社會：通過當看房人來環球旅游743101．設題規律短文首句交代故事背景，一般不設空。選項主要是實詞，以動詞、名詞為主，其次是形容詞、副詞，虛詞基本沒有。四個選項語法形式一致，但意義相差甚遠。正確選項個數分布均等或基本均等。2．選材特點材料主要來源于英文報刊或國外網站。主題語境包括“人與自我”“人與社會”和“人與自然”，選材原汁原味，語言地道，充滿正能量，倡導至真至善至美的價值觀，在具體語境中考查英語核心素養。短文長度200多詞(200－240)，?？加洈⑽摹Ｎ磥淼目荚囍锌赡軙黾邮煸~生義詞和轉化詞的新考法，如2024年的九省聯考試題中：Myphonewas41，too.此空填dead，熟義是“死的”，但是在這里考查了生義“(因為缺電)不運行的”。Afteraboutanhour，he51thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.此空填pronounced，熟義是“發音”，但是在這里考查了生義“宣布”。53hisclothes，workingonahotSeptemberafternoon，thismansavedacollegestudentfromdisaster...此空填Soiling，soil最常用作名詞，意為“泥土，土壤”。但此處轉化成了動詞，意為“弄臟”。類型1句內層次題句內層次題的解題信息分布在本句內，在讀懂文義的前提下，利用本句的一些信息，憑借語感即可順利選出答案。對于此類題目，學生可以邊讀邊填，將原文信息盡量復原。根據生活常識或文化背景選詞將相關信息和我們原有的生活經驗、文化背景知識，以及科普常識等結合起來，進行簡單推理，從而得出正確答案。事實上，該技巧與“邏輯推斷”常常交織在一起，因為雖有背景常識，但仍需簡單推理；邏輯推理離不開背景常識。典例剖析(2024·新課標Ⅰ)IdreamedofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasat線索信息workoneday，I49herbikeandwentforaride.A．painted B．borrowedC．bought D．parked[1]讀句尋找線索信息：語段中“IflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister”為線索信息。[2]對比選項，根據生活常識進行推斷：“我”乘飛機去看姐姐，應該是在她那兒短暫停留，所以是借姐姐的自行車去騎行。[3]復核驗證，得出答案：把B項代入原文，句意通順，合乎邏輯，故B項為正確答案。技法歸納即時演練1．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)FamiliesforbigmealsonSundays，birthdays，andwhateverotherexcusestheycancomeupwith.A．gatherB．cheerC．leaveD．wait2．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly，Itoaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.A．planned B．struggledC．refused D．happened3．(2023·新課標Ⅰ)BaileythentoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline，thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldgetmedicalattention.A．wentaway B．stoodupC．steppedaside D．bentdown根據“對應成分分析法”選詞完形填空文章的上下文之間以及句子內部之間往往有著一定的邏輯關系，句子的各個成分之間存在一定的對應關系。學生可以根據這種邏輯關系找出與設空處相對應的已知成分，將它作為線索，從而推斷出設空處的答案。典例剖析(2024·全國甲)BornjustbeforeWWⅡ，mygrandmother關鍵線索143anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestyle關鍵線索2frommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.Likeintypicalfamilies，whereboyswere關鍵線索3favoredmuchmorethangirls，mygrandmahad關鍵線索4tostayathometodo46.43．A.adjusted B．promotedC．achieved D．experienced46．A.gardening B．homeworkC．business D．housework[1]讀句找尋前后對應成分：仔細閱讀語段可知，關鍵線索1和關鍵線索2為對應成分；關鍵線索3和關鍵線索4為對應成分。[2]對比對應成分，做出合理判斷：對比關鍵線索1和關鍵線索2可知，祖母出生在二戰前，和“我”接受的教育相比，一定是她所經歷的不同于“我”的；對比關鍵線索3和關鍵線索4可知，在典型的家庭中，男孩比女孩更受寵愛，所以祖母不得不待在家里做家務。[3]對比選項，得出答案：對比選項可知第43題D項“經歷”符合；第46題D項“家務活”符合。所以兩題答案都為D。技法歸納即時演練1．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)Asafoodie，thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach，andnowherefuelsmyquitelikeItaly.A．ambition B．successC．appetite D．growth2．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)Eachtownhasitsowntraditional，andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.A．costume B．dishC．symbol D．tale3．(2023·新課標Ⅰ)Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith.A．courage B．aidC．patience D．advice根據習慣用法或固定搭配選詞解題時通過分析習慣用法、固定搭配以及句子結構，進行有效的推理判斷，從而選出正確選項。學生在解題時要靈活地運用一些常用的習慣用法、固定搭配，學會分析句子結構。典例剖析(2024·新課標Ⅰ)SoIturnedtocycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.IofenteringcycleracesuntilI定位關鍵詞：介詞offlewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.A．heard B．dreamedC．complained D．approved[1]定位空后關鍵詞：空后介詞of為關鍵詞。[2]構成搭配，弄清意思：四個選項與介詞of構成短語后的分別意思為：hearof聽說；dreamof夢想；complainof抱怨；approveof贊成，批準。[3]填空驗證，得出答案：將各選項填入空格后，只有B項句意通順，“我夢想著參加自行車比賽，直到我飛到圣地亞哥去看我姐姐?！惫蔅項為正確答案。技法歸納即時演練1．(2024·全國甲)Asalwaysmygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood...Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontoto：herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbookscomealive.A．attendB．referC．leadD．talk2．(2024·浙江1月)Inthecourseofacoupleofhours，heshowedmejusthowmuchonecangainfromtravelingwithanopenmind，andawillingnesstowithlocalsfromallwalksoflife.A．cooperate B．sideC．negotiate D．engage3．(2023·全國乙)TheChinesecoachDouglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld，helpingherskyrocketfromanaveragememberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.A．forced B．transformedC．persuaded D．put根據邏輯關系選詞語篇是由一些意義相關的句子根據一定的邏輯關系組織起來的語義整體。邏輯關系隱藏在單個句子中、句與句之間以及段落的銜接中，體現作者的寫作思路和篇章意義，是貫穿整篇文章的主線。因此，解答完形填空題最基本的方法就是根據空處前后所提供的信息或上下文之間的邏輯關系，做出符合邏輯的判斷。典例剖析(2024·新課標Ⅱ)Whatever54lifeinItalymighthave，the關鍵詞：引導讓步狀語從句problemsareforgottenonceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.線索信息句A．disadvantages B．meaningsC．surprises D．opportunities[1]定位關鍵詞：whatever為關鍵詞。[2]確定句內前后關系：whatever引導讓步狀語從句，表明前后為讓步關系。[3]根據句意，確定答案：主句句意：一旦你坐下來與朋友和家人一起吃大餐，這些問題就會被忘記了。根據前后為讓步關系，說明空處單詞應與problem同義，從句句意應是“不論你生活中可能有什么樣的不愉快的事?！睂Ρ冗x項可知，A項符合句意。技法歸納即時演練1．并列關系(2024·全國甲)There，theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater，sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandholdtheirwhiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem.A．secret B．breathC．view D．tongue2．因果關系(2023·新課標Ⅰ)Hercamebecauseshewascarryingacompetitoracrossthefinishline.A．delay B．chanceC．trouble D．excuse3．轉折關系(2023·新課標Ⅱ)George，thehusband，wastryingtobecalm，butIcouldtellthiswasforhim，havingtoleavehisdogtoastrangerandtrustthateverythingwouldworkout.A．hardB．fineC．commonD．lucky4．遞進關系(2020·全國Ⅲ)Ifyoudo，youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthateveryone’sday.A．ruinsB．makesC．startsD．saves答案精析解法11．A[gather聚集；cheer歡呼；leave留下；wait等待。根據下文“onSundays，birthdays，andwhateverotherexcusestheycancomeupwith”，再結合生活常識可知，在這些時間意大利家庭熱愛聚餐。故選A。]2．B[plan計劃；struggle努力，爭??；refuse拒絕；happen出現，發生。根據上文“DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly”和生活常識可推知，此處指作者第一次到意大利，語言不通，很難溝通交流。故選B。]3．D[goaway離開；standup站起來；stepaside讓路；benddown彎腰。根據下文“letLenoueclimbontoherback”及生活常識可知，Bailey只有彎下腰，Lenoue才能爬到她的背上。故選D。]解法21．C[ambition雄心；success成功；appetite食欲；growth發育。根據上文“Asafoodie”可知，作者是一個美食家，所以應該是“刺激食欲”。故選C。]2．B[costume服裝；dish菜肴；symbol符號；tale故事。結合上下文可知，本段內容與飲食有關。再結合下文“everyfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother”可推知，此處指每個城鎮都有自己的傳統菜肴。故選B。]3．B[courage勇氣；aid幫助；patience耐心；advice建議。根據上文“Baileytookherarm”可知，此處表示“看她是否能在她的幫助下向前走”。故選B。]解法31．D[以上選項與后面的介詞to構成固定搭配后意思分別是：attendto處理，照料；referto參考；leadto導致；talkto與……談話。根據上文“mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood”可知，作者的祖母會講自己小時候的故事給作者聽。所以童年背景和經歷的不同讓祖母成為一個很棒的交談對象。故選D。]2．D[以上選項與后面的介詞with構成短語后的意思分別是：cooperatewith與……合作；sidewith支持某人(反對……)；negotiatewith與……協商；engagewith與……建立密切關系。根據空后“withlocalsfromallwalksoflife”可知，此處指和各行各業的當地人打交道，應用短語engagewith。故選D。]3．B[force強迫；transform轉換，改造，徹底改變；persuade勸說；put放。由下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnasts”可知，這位中國教練讓Douglas變成世界上最好的體操運動員之一，o...是固定搭配，意為“使……變成……”。故選B。]解法41．B[secret秘密；breath呼吸；view視野；tongue舌頭。根據上文“theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater，sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandhold”可知，此處描述的是他們下水的一系列動作，在水下肯定是屏住呼吸。故選B。]2．A[delay延誤；chance機會；trouble麻煩；excuse借口。根據下文“becauseshewascarryinga．..acrossthefinishline”可推知，她背著另一名競爭對手沖過終點線會造成延誤。故選A。]3．A[hard困難的；fine好的；common常見的；lucky幸運的。根據上文“wastryingtobecalm”，轉折詞but以及下文“havingtoleavehisdogtoastrangerandtrustthateverythingwouldworkout”可推知，此處指George很難冷靜下來。故選A。]4．A[根據上文的“youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthe...developsintoanunpleasantsceneand...”可知，and連接的三個句子在意思上層層遞進，最終造成不好的結果，即毀掉(ruin)大家的一天。故選A。]類型2句組層次題類型3語篇層次題根據首尾/前后文呼應選詞有時完形填空題的第一個空需要讀完全文才能做出正確選擇，有時最后一個空呼應全文主題，需要結合全文主題(往往是開頭首句)才能作答。此類跳躍性較強的設空需要考生牢牢把握住首尾呼應，結合鮮明統一的主題來敲定答案。典例剖析(2024·全國甲)...Likeintypicalfamilies，whereboyswere45muchmorethangirls，mygrandmahadtostayathometodo46.Theonlyopportunity(機會)shecouldseizeto47waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese48withthefamilytutor...I’veneverfacedtheproblemof58.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersontotalkto：herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbookscomealive.A．unemployment B．healthC．education D．communication分析此題根據就近上下文信息找不到答案，需要利用前后文呼應法來選詞。根據上文中“Shedidnothaveachancetogotoschool.”和“Theonlyopportunity(機會)shecouldseizetostudywaswhenherbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.”可知，祖母沒有機會上學，所以此處指作者從來沒有遇到過教育方面的問題。故選C。即時演練1．(2023·全國甲)Itwasaverynicegestureforhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedatthetomatoes，wewereworriedbecausetheyweresomisshapen：notatalllikethenice，round，shinythingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy，inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabel(標簽)onit.Thesecan’tbeanygood，wethought.Butwewerethankfulforhiskindness，sowetriedthem.Whatwediscoveredisthatit’sunwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits.ThosetomatoeshadatastethatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.A．appearance B．qualityC．origin D．price2．Itwasasnowyday.Ithefriendwhosatwithmeonwinterevenings，talkingaboutourexperiencesandthoughts—atrueconversation...IhadalmostgivenuphopeoffindinganotherfriendlikethatafterImovedtothiscity.Iwantedtoinviteawoman...A．met B．missedC．visited D．helped根據文章發展脈絡選詞敘事類的完形填空的一般行文結構：故事開端——發展——高潮——結局。因此在解題時，考生必須把握文章的走勢，了解文章的發展脈絡，揣摩文章字里行間的意義，選擇與作者思路或意圖相吻合的選項，例如上文有因為，下文必然有所以；上文有其然，下文必有其所以然。典例剖析(2022·全國甲)Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs....Thenextweekwewalkedourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchourbreath，Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)？Ilikedhimtoo，butsosoon？Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.Inthatmoment，Ibegantofallforhim....Ayearlater，muchtomydelight，thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down，nordidIneedhimto.That’sonlyforgiving60tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.A．toysB．awardsC．foodD．water分析利用文章發展脈絡解題。文章首段提出了一個觀點：從一個人如何對待自己的狗能看出他的為人。根據下文可知，作者是一位動物愛好者，她的男友Steve也是一位動物愛好者。在兩人約會的過程中，Steve喂作者的小狗喝水的一幕深深打動了作者。一年之后，作者欣然接受了Steve的求婚。Steve沒有通過下跪的方式向作者求婚，因為作者認為下跪這個動作只是為了給那些讓他們走到一起的小狗們“喝水”才做的。故選D。即時演練(2024·山東濟寧三模片段)本文的故事脈絡是“65歲的動畫教授NancyBeiman在退休后嘗試連環畫創作→創造出了FurBabies系列→朋友漫畫家LynnJohnston就如何寫小劇本給了她一些建議→她寫了24個迷你劇本→成功與GoComics網站簽約”。NancyBeimanwas65.Whenshewasconsideringretirementfromherjobasaprofessorofanimation，shehadnocluehowshewouldfillherdays.1this，shewokeuponedaywiththeideaforacomicstrip(連環畫)．Beimanhadbeendoingheranimationmostlyoncomputersbutforthisnewidea，shereturnedtodrawingcharactersonpaper.The2wasFurBabies，aseriesaboutamixedfamilyofdogs，acatandachildwhocanallspeakthesamelanguage.Beimanwasn’tplanningoncontinuingwiththeideauntilsheshowedthemtoherfriend，thecartoonistLynnJohnston，whothought3ofthedrawingsandgaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(劇本)．Followingherfriend’s4，shewrote24mini-scripts.Afewmonthslater，shesubmittedthemtothewebsiteGoComicsandsuccessfullygot5.1．A.Dreamingof B．InsistingonC．Puzzlingover D．Missingout2．A.concept B．resultC．phenomenon D．proof3．A.highly B．lightlyC．logically D．curiously4．A.example B．guidanceC．heart D．passion5．A.refused B．inspiredC．signed D．promoted根據熟詞生義選詞熟詞生義是近幾年高考不斷出現的詞匯活用現象。此類題目通常考查單詞的語境含義，而不是我們所熟知的教材上所給的意思，甚至詞性也不是常見的，而是進行了轉化。如：典例剖析(2024·新課標Ⅱ)ButeverytimeItriedto43asentenceofItaliantogether，thelocalssmiledatmeandpraisedmylanguageskills.A．stringB．hangC．mixD．match分析細讀本句可知句意為“但每次我試著用意大利語一個句子時，當地人都會對我微笑，稱贊我的語言能力。”對比選項推斷只有A項意思合適，因為string的熟義是“n.線，細繩，帶子”，生義就轉化成了動詞，意為“串起來”。用在此處非常恰當，因為“我”的意大利語不熟練，只能把單個的單詞串成一個句子。故選A。技法歸納即時演練1．(2023·新課標Ⅰ)OnOct.11，hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota...Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe，they’vesincebecomefriends.A．ride B．testC．meet D．show2．(2023·全國乙)Shehadtosaygoodbyetohertwodogsandtothebeach，whereshelovedtowavesonherboard.A．cause B．observeC．ride D．strike答案精析解法11．A[appearance外觀；quality質量；origin源頭；price價格。結合前后文可知，作者一家剛開始看到馬里奧送的西紅柿是畸形的，對其感到擔心，但是后來發現它的味道比超市的西紅柿要好，所以此處應是根據外觀來判斷你吃的東西是不明智的。故選A。]2．B[根據語篇后面段落內容可知，作者搬到一個新城市后，幾乎沒有信心找到一個可以坐下來一起聊天的朋友。由此推斷，作者想念她的朋友。故選B。]解法21．C[dreamof夢想；insiston堅持；puzzleover對……感到困惑；missout錯過。根據上文“Whenshewasconsideringretirementfromherjobasaprofessorofanimation，shehadnocluehowshewouldfillherdays.”可知，Beiman應該是不知道退休后如何生活，因此是對此感到困惑。故選C。]2．B[concept概念；result結果；phenomenon現象；proof證據。根據下文“wasFurBabies，aseriesaboutamixedfamilyofdogs，acatandachildwhocanallspeakthesamelanguage”可推知，連環畫FurBabies系列應該是Beiman創作出的結果。故選B。]3．A[highly欽佩地，贊賞地；lightly輕微地；logically合乎邏輯地；curiously好奇地。根據下文“gaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(劇本)”可知，Johnston就如何創作小劇本給了Beiman建議，由此推知，身為漫畫家的Johnston對Beiman的作品評價很高，鼓勵她進一步創作，固定短語thinkhighlyof意為“欣賞”。故選A。]4．B[example例子；guidance指導；heart心；passion激情。根據上文“gaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(劇本)”可知，Johnston給了Beiman建議，因此Beiman是在朋友的指導下寫劇本。故選B。]5．C[refuse拒絕；inspire啟發；sign簽約；promote提升。根據上文“shesubmittedthemtothewebsiteGoComicsandsuccessfullygot”可推知，她應該是就這些連環畫成功和GoComics網站達成合作，成功簽約。故選C。]新考法1．C[結合上文“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”及“thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbefore”可知，此處表示這兩名年輕女子在“比賽(meet)”前是陌生人，但后來成了朋友。meet常見的意思為“相遇，遇見”，在此處的語境中意為“體育比賽，運動會”，故選C。]2．C[由上文“thebeach”及下文“wavesonherboard”可知，她喜歡在海灘上“沖(ride)”浪。本題考查ride的生義，意為“漂浮”。ride(the)waves意為“沖浪”。故選C。]根據詞語復現選詞詞語復現是指某一個詞以原詞，或同/近義詞(如difficult與challenging)、同源詞(如happy與happiness)、上下義(如vegetable與eggplant)、反義詞(如wrong與right)等形式在同一語篇中重復出現的現象。詞語復現是語篇銜接的一個重要手段，我們可以借助這一銜接手段解答完形填空題。典例剖析(2024·新課標Ⅰ)I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.關鍵信息句關鍵復現詞：與選項B為原詞復現WhenIwasateenager，aneighborhoodfriendwonamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunningregularly，butthentwothingshappened.First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewastrainingfora“super”，referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then，thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest，Ihatedit!Betweenthegirlmakingmy45seemsmall空格前后關鍵信息andthepureboredomofjogging，IdecidedthattheonlyreasonwhyI’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!A．advantage B．achievementC．contribution D．influence[1]對比上下文與選項看是否有詞語復現：第一段的achievements與B項achievement為原詞復現。[2]“瞻前顧后”找規律：第一段句意：在我的生活中，別人的成就一直激勵著我，也讓我失去動力?？仗幥昂笠鉃椋鹤屛业娘@得微不足道。根據這兩處信息推斷：別人的成就會激勵“我”，也會讓“我”感到沒有動力，空處應該是別人的成績讓“我”的成就顯得非常渺小，所以就沒有了信心。[3]復核驗證，確定答案：把achievement填到空處后，句意通順，上下文邏輯通暢，故B項為答案。技法歸納即時演練1．同/近義詞復現(2020·全國Ⅱ)Itwassigned(簽名)“Bonnato”orsohethought，butwhenheresearchedit，heonlyfound“Bonnard，”aFrenchhehadneverheardof.HeboughtabookandwassurprisedtofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesamegardenashisfather’spainting.A．painterB．designerC．authorD．actor2．同源詞復現(2022·全國乙)Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Eachsatdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesorears.A．parent B．childC．researcher D．doctor3．上下義復現(2021·新課標Ⅰ)Ourinthefactoryweresimple：Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.A．joys B．ideasC．roles D．choices根據作者情感態度選詞在做完形填空題時，考生一定要在快速閱讀文章的過程中，仔細找出能夠反映作者態度和情感色彩的重要詞匯。作者在選擇使用特定的褒義詞或貶義詞時就表達了自己的感情和意愿。考生做題時要抓住這個線索，根據態度一致原則，進行合理推測，從而快速確定某些題目的正確答案。典例剖析(2024·全國甲)Mychildhoodisquitehappycomparedwithhers.Iam56thatIdidnotneedtogothroughthehardshipslikeshedid.A．grateful B．surprisedC．convinced D．regretful分析根據上文“Mychildhoodis...hers.”可知，與她(此處指作者的祖母)的童年相比，作者的童年是相當幸福的。由此可推知，作者很感激(grateful)自己不需要經歷像祖母經歷過的那樣的困難。故選A。即時演練1．(2023·新課標Ⅱ)Hewassoandsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.A．thankful B．generousC．proud D．sympathetic2．(2021·全國乙)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasanursejustafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude(感謝)．...Shewasforeverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.A．grateful B．thoughtfulC．sorrowful D．fearful3．(2021·新課標Ⅰ)Dad.Thesonofagrocer，he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville，NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework，hetoldme.A．cried B．smiledC．hesitated D．refused根據語境暗示選詞完形填空的每一道題都有依據，考生須在上下文中尋找依據。有時候問題的答案只需要考慮設空處所在句或該句的上文或下文，但有時需綜合考慮上下文。總結成口訣：每道題必有據，上下求索找信息。典例剖析(2024·新課標Ⅱ)AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome，Idiscoveredhow46Italiansare.[1]定位設空句關鍵信息1Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoortoremindmetoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.關鍵信息2A．open-minded B．strong-willedC．warm-hearted D．well-informed[2]上下求索，找出關鍵信息：根據下文關鍵信息1：鄰居們會給“我”送來新鮮的奶酪和關鍵信息2：下雨的時候會來“我”家門口提醒我關上車窗，可推知作者發現意大利人都很熱心。[3]對比選項，得出答案：對比四個選項，可知C項“warm-hearted”熱心的符合句意，故選C。技法歸納即時演練1．上文信息(2024·浙江1月)Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina，Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChinesemanapproachedmeonthetrain.MyfriendspokevirtuallynoEnglish，soIhappilytookthechancetopracticemyChinese.A．true B．so-calledC．new D．long-lost2．上下文信息(2022·新課標Ⅰ)Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewasuncomfortable，andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.Sotyinghimup，Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.Itworked—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.A．dueto B．insteadofC．apartfrom D．asfor答案精析解法11．A[由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“findapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechair”可知，此處表示一位法國畫家(painter)。artist與painter是近義詞。故選A。]2．B[根據上文“Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.”可知，此處表示每個兒童都和一個成年人坐在一起。故選B。]3．C[根據下文“Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears...fromthebelt.”可知，這里介紹的是作者他們在工廠的具體工作或職責。role除了表示“角色”外，還可以表示“職責，作用”，故選C。]解法21．A[thankful感激的；generous慷慨的；proud驕傲的；sympathetic同情的。根據下文“andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures”和“Ihadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain”可推知，此處指對于作者的幫忙，George非常感激。故選A。]2．A[依據上文中的“gratitude(感謝)”可知，此處是她感激醫護人員為她做的一切。故選A。]3．B[根據下文說到的作者的父親童年時期的“打工”經歷可知，作者的父親是理解作者當下的感受的，所以他會心一笑(smile)。因此選B。]解法31．C[true真的；so-called所謂的；new新的；long-lost很久不見的。根據上文“Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor”可知，兩人是新認識的，所以是新朋友。故選C。]2．B[dueto由于；insteadof代替，而不是；apartfrom除了；asfor至于。根據上文“Hewasuncomfortable，andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”以及下文“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”可推知，此處指孩子身上被綁繩子后感覺不舒服，所以作者放棄在他身上綁繩子，而是密切關注著他。故選B。]熱考點模擬練——同源高考主題集訓(限時60分鐘)A(2024·湖南永州三模，主題同源2024新課標Ⅰ卷)Davehadalwayslovedtheocean.Youwouldn’tbelievehowexcitedhewasatChristmaswhenseeingagift-wrapped1.Butwhenhebegantosurf，something2happened.Davethoughtheknewthewaterwell，butabigwave3himaway.Davefeltpowerlessagainstthe4inthedeepwaterandlostconfidence.Justthenanothersurferpaddledupbesidehim.“CanIhelpyou？”heasked.Dave5him.ItwasMike.“Icanhelpyoubacktoshore，”hecontinued.“First，youneedto6thatfearandrelaxalittle.”Davebegantorelaxhisgrip.“Good，”saidMike.“Letthewavepickyouup，then7yourweightforward.Asyoustarttobuildupspeed，moveyour8backuntilyoufeelbalanced.Justenjoytheride.”WhenDavereachedthe9neartheshore，hewasburstingwithexcitement，fascinatedthatthecurrentwhichhadterrifiedhimwasseenasahelpfulwaybyMike.Hehad10this.Hewasrighttobe11ofthebigwaves，butnolongerdidhefeeloutofhis12.“Lookslikeyoudon’tneedmeanylonger，”saidMike.“Youarea13.Havefun.”Davetookalastwave，14itconfidentlytotheshore.Watchingthesignsofthetideandthesizeofthewaves，herealizedtheyhadn’tchanged.Itwashewhowasreallydifferent—strongerandmoreconfident.Theprevious15hadgivenwaytojoyandexhilaration.1．A.surfboard B．wetsuitC．shorts D．glasses2．A.exciting B．joyfulC．scary D．sorrowful3．A.put B．sweptC．gave D．attracted4．A.beach B．seaweedC．shore D．current5．A.recognized B．challengedC．questioned D．joined6．A.thinkof B．speakofC．letgoof D．takenoticeof7．A.take B．loadC．bear D．shift8．A.weight B．focusC．legs D．hands9．A.sands B．shallowsC．destination D．center10．A.quit B．sharedC．doubted D．grasped11．A.cautious B．afraidC．tired D．sceptical12．A.sight B．breathC．depth D．mind13．A.survivor B．competitorC．professional D．natural14．A.fighting B．ridingC．breaking D．beating15．A.self-respect B．self-confidenceC．self-criticism D．self-doubtB(2024·山東聊城二模，主題同源2023全國乙卷)EverySaturdaywetrainedwiththesamemarathonrunningclub.Ihadnoideahewasblindbecausehe1pastmealongsidehisguiderunner.IttookafewweeksbeforeIwas2askinghimwhat，ifanything，hecouldsee.Iwasn’tjust3byhisrunningtimes.Healsohadabeautifulsmilethatlituptheroom.Wehadourfirst4dateclimbingthefamoussandduneonPacificCoastHighway.Eightyearsintoourmarriage，Adriandecidedtolearnto5，sohecouldfulfillhisdreamofcompetinginanIronmantriathlon.Adrian’sfirstlessonwasa6，buthiscoach’senthusiasmwasshort-lived.Hisnextinstructorwaseasytogiveinandrecommendedmyhusband7swimming.So，beingacompetitiveswimmerinhighschool，Iwas8Icouldteachhim.SoonIrealizedhowmuchofa9swimmingwasformyhusband，evenwithatetherrope.Hisprogressateachlessonwasslowbut10.Nearlyamonthlater，hetriedwithoutthetetherrope，but11goinginthewrongdirection.EverytimeIraisedmyvoiceovertheroaringwaveshefeltso12bymyinstructions.FortunatelythesedayswelaughbecauseAdrianisevenfasterthanIam.Hehasgrownmore13withmewhenIhavetoraisemyvoice.I，14，nolongersay，“Youwentthewrongway！”，whichmakeshimfeelbad.Instead，Isay，“Overhere，”towhichhe15，andthenswimsbacktowardme.1．A.jumped B．flewC．rode D．drove2．A.comfortable B．pleasedC．awkward D．anxious3．A.influenced B．defeatedC．confused D．impressed4．A.easy B．officialC．vital D．complete5．A.run B．bikeC．swim D．diet6．A.mess B．reliefC．success D．disaster7．A.abandon B．keepC．risk D．appreciate8．A.confident B．doubtfulC．grateful D．fortunate9．A.benefit B．burdenC．regret D．struggle10．A.slim B．steadyC．hard D．alarming11．A.gradually B．rarelyC．cautiously D．frequently12．A.encouraged B．worriedC．frustrated D．surprised13．A.patient B．carefulC．popular D．disappointed14．A.infact B．inbriefC．inturn D．inreturn15．A.looks B．nodsC．bows D．shoutsC(2024·湖南株洲三模，主題同源2022新課標Ⅱ卷)JamesMogajiisasecurityofficeratProvidenceCollegeRaymondHallinRhodeIsland.Hisenthusiasmmadehimsuchanintegralpartofhisstudents’livesthatthey1himasoneoftheirownfamily.DanielSingh，asophomore，describedMogajiasanattractive2intheirresidencehall，“He’ssomeoneyou’re3to.Hewasreallykindandcompassionate.”Thestorytakesa(n)4turnwhenthestudentsdiscoverthatMogajihasnot5hisfamilyinNigeriaformorethanadecade.Thediscoverysparkedawaveof6enthusiasmamongthestudents.Outofsympathy，thestudents7afundraiserforhim.Therewasoverwhelming8fortheirefforts，withnearly800donationsreceived，exceeding(超過)their9goal.ThestudentsgatheredaroundMogajiand10himanenvelopecontaining$3,000tohelppayforhistriptoNigeria.Itwasaheart-warmingscene.11moved，Mogajicoveredhisfacewithhishandsandfelltohiskneesinshock.“Wetakecareofourfamily.That’swhatwedohereatProvidenceCollege，”saidthestudenthandingthe12toMogaji.“Weloveyou.You’repartofthefamily.”Thestudents’13hasnotonlytouchedhearts，butalsomadedreams14.Mogajiisplanninghislong-awaitedtriptoNigeriainJune，atripmadepossiblebythe15andsolidarityofauniversitycommunitythattrulyembodies(體現)thespiritoffamily.1．A.impressed B．registeredC．accepted D．intended2．A.figure B．sculptorC．composer D．designer3．A.recommended B．movedC．preferred D．attracted4．A.sudden B．touchingC．smooth D．interesting5．A.phoned B．heardC．found D．seen6．A.flat B．curiousC．genuine D．responsible7．A.started B．requiredC．recognized D．contacted8．A.legend B．supportC．doubt D．view9．A.positive B．achievableC．glorious D．initial10．A.handed B．showedC．lent D．awarded11．A.Finally B．MerelyC．Visibly D．Likely12．A.handkerchief B．envelopeC．ticket D．passport13．A.impact B．planC．hope D．action14．A.cometrue B．getacrossC．goeasy D．fallapart15．A.cuteness B．effectC．kindness D．wisdomD(2024·福建寧德三模，主題同源2020新課標Ⅰ卷)Acoupleofweeksago，IventureddowntoCharlotte，NC，tomeetColeRosenberger，whohadaseriouspassionforprotectingforests.Iwantedto1sharehisstorywithyou.Cole2meinMarchaskinghowhecouldhelpprotectNorthCarolina’scoastalforests.Bythe3ofhisemailIassumedhewasinhighschool，soIsenthimmaterialsthatIthoughtwouldbe4andtalkedwithhimaboutour5.Afewweekslaterheinformedmethathehadreceivedthe6fromhisprincipaltogetpostcardssignedbythekidsathisschoolanddevelopeda(n)7plan.ItwasalsoatthistimethatI8a“secret”emailfromCole’smom，lettingmeknowthatheiseightyearsoldandreallyexcitedaboutthisproject.That9meaway!ColeorganizedhiselementaryschooltosignpostcardstoaskMcDonald’stouse10packaging.Afewmonthslater，McDonald’sdecidedtouse100%recycledfibersintheirbags.Thiswin11Coletodomore，andhewasreadyto12KFC.Hepartneredwithsevenschools，gottheattentionofmedia，and13over6,000postcardstoKFC’sheadquarters.IttookseveralyearsbeforeKFC14tousemorerecycledpaperinitspackaging.Ialmostcriedatthebeautyand15ofyouthto