主題群三歷史、社會與文化

話題19物質與非物質文化遺產

Ⅰ.閱讀理解

(2024·河北名校聯考三模)

Incasualconversations，thereisaseeminglysimplequestionIcanneveranswer

withouthesitating—“Whereareyoufrom？”

IcouldsayIamfromThailand，whereIwasborn.OrIamfromMexico，whereI

spentthemajorityofmychildhood.OrIamfromtheUS，whoselanguageisrooted

intomylife.Inmymind，noneoftheseanswersaresatisfyingenough.Afterall，tobe

fromsomewherecarriesexpectationsofunderstanding“your”cultureand“your”

home.

Ifeelenviouswhenevermyfriendssaythey’re“goinghome”forschool

breaks.Asastudentwhofrequentlymoves，Ihaveneverseenmylivingspaceas

“home”，but“shelter”，anotherlocationtostayinbeforeIunavoidablymoveagain.

So，doesthismeanIdonothave，andwillneverhave，ahome?Iresignmyselfto

livingwiththissenseofsadness，untilveryrecently.

Inmydorm，insidemydrawerisaspeciallydesignedwhitebathtowelthatIhave

notusedsinceIbroughtitwithmefrommyparents’house.Oneday，Itookitout，but

stoppedaftersmellingthesoft，sweetlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)，theonemyparents

usedbackinThailand.Ifeltmyeyeswaterasthatrandomsmellbroughtmymixed

emotionstothesurface：sadnessandnostalgia，astrongfeelingofmissinghome.Istill

avoidusingthattoweluntilnowbecauseIdon’twanttoreplacethesmellofnostalgia

withmynewly－boughtdetergent.

Sadly，evenwiththisnewdiscovery，IwillstillstrugglewhenansweringwhereI

amfrom，andIwillalwaysfeelasenseoflossinnothavingaphysicalhometo“go

backto”.Yet，inrandommoments，whenasmellcatchesmeoffguard(讓我猝不及

防)withthememoriesitbrings，IliketobelievethatthethingsIfeelthenarethings

peoplefeelwhentheyarehome.Andifthesemomentscanmakemesmile，evenwitha

senseofloss，whatbetterhomecanIaskfor?

【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者是一個經常搬家的人，所以一直

以來對家的概念很模糊。一次偶然，他拿起一條浴巾，上面的味道使作者想起了

過往，使他突然在某一瞬間產生了“家”的感覺。

1.Whyistheauthorunabletoseehislivingspaceas“home”？

A.Hislivingplacesoftenchange.

B.Heisunsatisfiedwiththeplace.

C.Hisexpectationsof“home”arehigh.

D.Hecan’tunderstandtheculturethere.

答案A[細節理解題。根據第三段末句“Asastudentwhofrequently

moves...beforeIunavoidablymoveagain.”可知，作者經常搬家是他不把住的地方當

作“家”的主要原因。]

2.Whydoestheauthortreasurethattowel?

A.Itwasmadeinhishometown.

B.Itisapresentfromhisparents.

C.Itssmellawakenedhismemories.

D.Itsdesignwinshispreference.

答案C[細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“Oneday，Itookitout，butstopped

aftersmellingthesoft，sweetlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)...astrongfeelingofmissing

home.”可知，浴巾上面的味道使作者想起了過往。]

3.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Henolongerfeelsasenseofloss.

B.Hefeelsaphysicalhomeisunnecessary.

C.Hehasgottheanswerto“Whereareyoufrom？”.

D.Hehasfoundasenseofhomeinsomemoments.

答案D[寫作意圖題。根據最后一段的“Yet，inrandommoments，whenasmell

catchesmeoffguard(讓我猝不及防)withthememoriesitbrings...whentheyare

home.”可知，現在在某些瞬間，熟悉的味道使作者找到了“家”的感覺。]

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.AMan’sHomeIsHisCastle

B.ThereIsNoPlacelikeHome

C.TheSmellBringsMeHome

D.TheEmotionConnectsMewithHome

答案C[標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段的“Yet，inrandom

moments...thingspeoplefeelwhentheyarehome.”可知，作者是一個經常搬家的人，

所以一直以來對家的概念很模糊。一次偶然的機會，作者拿起一條浴巾，上面的

味道使作者想起了過往，使他突然在某一瞬間產生了“家”的感覺。由此可知，

TheSmellBringsMeHome(氣味把我帶回家)適合作本文的最佳標題。]

(2024·廣東廣州六中三模)

Historyiswritten，read，told—butrarelyeverisitsmelled.

HistoriansandscientistsacrossEuropehavenowgottentogetherwith

perfumers(調香師)andmuseumsforauniqueproject：torevealwhatEuropesmelled

likebetweenthe16thandearly20thcenturies.AEuropeanstreettodaymaysmelllike

coffee，fresh－bakedbreadandcigarettes.Butwhatdiditsmelllikehundredsofyears

ago?Aspartofthisthree－year－longprojectcalled“Odeuropa”，theresearcherswant

tofindalltheoldscents(氣味)ofEurope—andevenrecreatesomeofthisancient

smellscape：fromthedrytobaccoscentstothesmellycanals.

Todothis，theywillfirstbuildartificialintelligence(AI)thatwillbetrainedtogo

throughhistoricaltexts，writteninsevendifferentlanguages，foranydescriptionsof

scents.TheAIwillalsobetrainedtodetectimagesofobjectsinthetextsthatmightbe

scented.Theteamwillthenusethisinformationtocreateanonlineencyclopedia(百科

全書)ofsmellsfromEurope’spast.

Theencyclopediawillincludethemeaningofcertainscentsandwilltracethe

storiesbehindscents，placesandrelatedpractices，accordingtoprojectleaderAngela

Lee.“ThisdatabasewillbecomealibraryforthesmellheritageofEurope，enabling

futuregenerationstoaccessandlearnaboutthescentedpast.”Theencyclopediawill

alsoincludedescriptionsofpeopleforwhomsmellwasimportant.

Theresearcherswillthenworkwithchemistsandperfumemakerstorecreatepast

smellsandfigureouthowtodisplaythesmellsinmuseumsandotherhistorical

sites.Withcurrenttechnology，almosteveryscentcanbeproduced.“Themore

difficultpartoftheprojectwillbetofinddescriptionsofscents，becausepeople

haven’talwaystalkedorwrittenaboutthem，”Leesaid.

Scentplaysacentralroleinoureverydaylife，evenactingasapowerfultime

machineintoourownpastwithitsabilitytoactivatelong－forgottenmemories.But

it’salsoakeytoolintellingthestoriesofothers.“Scentgivesusaccesstothepastin

amuchmoredirectandemotionalwaythanlanguageandimages，”Leesaid.

【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了Odeuropa項目將歷史學家、科學

家和調香師聯合起來，重塑歐洲的歷史氣味，保護嗅覺遺產。

5.Whydidtheresearchersstartthe“Odeuropa”project?

A.TorebuildahistoricalEuropeanstreet.

B.Tomakeperfumesoftraditionalscents.

C.TofindandrecreatethesmellsofEurope.

D.ToreproducethescentedpastofEurope.

答案C[細節理解題。根據第二段中“Aspartofthisthree－year－longproject

called‘Odeuropa’...andevenrecreatesomeofthisancientsmellscape”可知，研究

人員啟動“Odeuropa”項目是為了找到歐洲所有古老的氣味，甚至重現一些古老的

氣味。]

6.WhatwilltheAIdointheproject?

A.Collectsmell－relateddata.

B.Writeinterestingstoriesbehindsmells.

C.Detectobjectsbysmell.

D.Describesmellsindifferentlanguages.

答案A[細節理解題。根據第三段中“Todothis，theywillfirstbuildartificial

intelligence(AI)...foranydescriptionsofscents.”可知，人工智能在項目中會收集與

氣味有關的數據。]

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebiggestchallengetheprojectfaces?

A.Scentsofthepastarehardtokeep.

B.Recordsofscentsarerarelyfound.

C.Technologytoreproducescentsispoor.

D.Displayofsmellsinmuseumscostsalot.

答案B[細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Themoredifficultpartofthe

project...becausepeoplehaven’talwaystalkedorwrittenaboutthem”可推知，該項目

面臨的最大挑戰是有關氣味的記錄很少被找到。]

8.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theapplicationofpastscents.

B.Theeffectofscentsonmemory.

C.Theroleofscentinstory－telling.

D.Thevalueofunderstandingscent.

答案B[段落大意題。根據文章最后一段中“Scentplaysacentralroleinour

everydaylife...withitsabilitytoactivatelong－forgottenmemories.”可知，最后一段

主要講的是氣味對記憶的影響。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2024·遼寧省部分學校高三二模)

AhamburgerdeliverydriverinNewJerseyreceivedsomethingmorespecialthan

any1thisweek.JohnSmithwasdeliveringhamburgerstothehomeofRachel

GreenonSundaynightwhenRachel’slittledaughterranuptohimandgavehimabig

2.

Rachel，whocaughtthemomentonthedoorbellcamera，said，“I3iton

theInternet.Infact，Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas4.”WhatRachel

didn’tknowatthetimewaswhatthatmomentwould5toSmith.

Smith’s16－year－olddaughter，wholivedinCaliforniawithhisex－wife，

recently6away.Shehadstruggledwithmentalproblems.“After7my

daughterthispastweek，itjusttouchedmebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere，anditjust

meanta8tome，”hesaid.

Hisex－wife，Michele，saidshewas9ofthefactthatsomeonesawhispain

andcouldbethereforhim.“It’sso10toignoresuchpeopleandtheirinternal

pain，”shesaid.“Thatevengoestoourdaughter.Wedidn’tknowher11.”

The12ofhishugwiththe2－year－oldmadeitswaytoSmith，andhe

13totellRachelhowmuchitmeant.“ItisreallytoughtoacceptthatI’mnotgoing

tobeabletohugheragain，”SmithsaidtoRachel.

Thehugmayhavelastedonlyafew14，butit’samomentSmithwillhold

ontoalways.“This15meanssomething，andmakesmethink，‘Wow，maybe

she’sthere，’”hesaid.

【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了一個叫約翰·史密斯的外賣司機，在給

雷切爾送漢堡包的時候，雷切爾的小女兒擁抱了他。這個小小的舉動觸動了史密

斯和他的前妻，因為他們的女兒剛剛去世，這個小小的擁抱讓他們感到他們的女

兒那時那刻還在那里。

1.A.tipB.fortune

C.luckD.pleasure

答案A[根據上文“AhamburgerdeliverydriverinNewJersey”可知，漢堡包外賣

司機送外賣可能會收到小費。]

2.A.surpriseB.kiss

C.giftD.hug

答案D[根據倒數第二段“Theofhishugwiththe2－year－old

madeitswaytoSmith”可知，雷切爾的小女兒跑過來給了史密斯一個大大的擁

抱。]

3.A.focusedB.captured

C.postedD.recorded

答案C[根據“ontheInternet.”可知，雷切爾把這段視頻發布到網上。]

4.A.thrillingB.interesting

C.formalD.average

答案B[根據“Infact，Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas.”可知，

雷切爾把這段視頻發布到網上只是覺得這很有趣。]

5.A.explainB.respond

C.meanD.show

答案C[根據下段“anditjustmeantatome，”可知，這段視頻對

史密斯來說意味著很多。]

6.A.passedB.died

C.fadedD.put

答案A[根據下文“Aftermydaughterthispastweek，itjusttouched

mebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere”及下文可知，史密斯的女兒剛剛去世了，pass

away固定搭配，意為“去世”。]

7.A.savingB.treating

C.handlingD.losing

答案D[根據上文“Smith’s16－year－olddaughter，wholivedinCaliforniawith

hisex－wife，recentlyaway.”可知，史密斯的女兒剛剛去世了，所以

他失去了女兒。]

8.A.tonB.promise

C.missionD.dollar

答案A[比喻意義重大的詞只有ton，“Itjustmeantatontome”意為“這對我來

說意義重大”。根據“itjusttouchedmebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere”可知，女兒

對史密斯來說意義重大。]

9.A.blessedB.guilty

C.frustratedD.appreciative

答案D[根據“thefactthatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim”可知，

有人看到了他的痛苦，對于米歇爾來說，她應該是很感激的。blessed有福的；guilty

感到內疚的，有罪責的；frustrated沮喪；懊惱；appreciative欣賞的；感激的。]

10.A.difficultB.easy

C.demandingD.shameful

答案B[根據“ignoresuchpeopleandtheirinternalpain”可知，我們很容易忽略失

去親人的人和他們內心的痛苦。]

11.A.diseaseB.strength

C.joyD.pain

答案D[根據上文“Hisex－wife，Michele，saidshewasofthefact

thatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim.”可知，作為父母也不知道女

兒的痛苦。]

12.A.filmB.video

C.tapeD.camera

答案B[根據上文“Rachel，whocaughtthemomentonthedoorbellcamera”可

知，這里指通過門鈴攝像頭拍下的視頻。]

13.A.reachedoutB.brokein

C.madeupD.setout

答案A[reachout提供援助；breakin闖入；makeup編造；setout出發。根據

“The_ofhishugwiththe2－year－oldmadeitswaytoSmith，”可知，

看到視頻后，史密斯聯系了發視頻的雷切爾。]

14.A.momentsB.hours

C.minutesD.seconds

答案D[根據上文“Thehugmayhavelasted”和常識可知，擁抱只持續了短短的

幾秒鐘。]

15.A.struggleB.intention

C.incidentD.attempt

答案C[根據“meanssomething，andmakesmethink，‘Wow，maybeshe’s

there，’”可知，這件事對史密斯意味著很多。]

Ⅲ.語法填空

(2024·浙江省杭州市高三二模)

It’scommontoseeabarista(咖啡師)createcoffeeart，butit’sawholedifferent

ballgamedoingthesamethingwithtea.HanZheming，1.80－year－

oldShanghairesident，hasmanaged2.(perfect)theskill，creatingtea

artincups，ordiancha(點茶)inChinese，whichusedtobearoutineduringtheSong

Dynasty(960－1279).Overthepastdecades，he3.(use)teaandspoons

tocreatenearly200patterns4.(base)onancientpaintings.

It’salsohisintentiontobringtheoldritualbacktomodernlifeandhavemore

peopleappreciate5.(it)charm.“Dianchainmodernbrewing

enhancesthetasteoftea，”Hansays.“Itissimilar6.thefoamontop

ofacupofcoffee，exceptthatitismadeoftearatherthanmilk.”

Chineseteaculturestartedtoenjoy7.(popular)duringtheTang

Dynasty(618－907)andflourishedthroughouttheSongDynasty，8.

teahadbecomeanecessityforalmosteveryone，fromnoblesandscholarstocommon

people，justlikeotherimportantitems，suchasrice，oilandsalt，assuggestedbySong

politicianandthinkerWangAnshi.

9.(total)differentfromthemethodofbrewingteaduringtheTang

period，intheSongDynasty，thepopularwayofhavingteawasthroughdiancha.The

actionofpouringhotwateroverfinepowderedteaiscalleddian，hencethenamedian

cha，whi