Unit2LessonsinLifeUnit1話題藝術詞匯1.outstretchedadj.2.cramv．3.transparentadj.4.vexedadj.5.absurdadj.6.leanv.7.Madamen.8.strokev.9.despairn．10．anticipatev．11．luxuryn．12．widespreadadj.13．phrasen．14．feen短語1．bereunitedwith(使)重聚2．farfrom遠非；絕不3．makethemostof充分利用4．losetouchwith和……失去聯系5．keepintouchwith和……保持聯系6．tothefull充分地；徹底地7．stickto堅持8．searchfor尋找9．burstoutlaughing突然笑起來10．becrammedwith擠滿……11．bedressedin穿著……12．bereluctantto不愿意……句型1．It’suptoustofindoutwhatisimportantinourlivesandestablishourownvalues.2．ReadingthisbookmademefeelasifI’dbeenwokenupfromalongsleepandfinallyopenedmyeyestotheworld!3．Youwillseehimeverytimeyougotothewindow...4．Ifanyofyoushouldfindhim，wouldyoubesoverykindastogivehimbacktous？語法復習被動語態寫作概要寫作考點1.weakenv.(使)虛弱;削弱;動搖OndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbyasevereillness,MitchstartsvisitinghimathishouseonTuesdays.一了解到莫里正因一種嚴重的疾病而變得虛弱,米奇就開始每周二去他家看望他。?【拓展】weakadj._________________beweakin______________(2)weaknessn.______________weakness的反義詞:strength______________strengthsandweaknesses______________(3)weaklyadv.______________【經典練】①Thestudentis_____inmathematics,butgoodatEnglish.這個學生不擅長數學,但英語學得好。②Therecessionhas__________somanybusinessesthatmanycannolongersurvive.經濟衰退削弱了很多企業的實力，以至于很多無法再生存下去。③Eitherfrompainor__________(weak),hefelltothefloorinadeadfaint.不知是由于疼痛還是虛弱，他倒在地板上昏倒了。[名師提醒](1)adj./n.＋-en→v.weakadj.虛弱的→weakenv．(使)虛弱wideadj.寬的→widenv．(使)變寬broadadj.寬的→broadenv．(使)變寬sharpadj.鋒利的→sharpenv．(使)變鋒利shortadj.短的→shortenv．(使)變短deepadj.深的→deepenv．(使)變深lengthn．長度→lengthenv．(使)加長strengthn．力量，力氣→strengthenv．(使)變強(2)en-＋adj./n.→v.sureadj.肯定的→ensurev．保證，確保ableadj.能夠的→enablev．使能夠largeaaj.大的→enlargev．擴大dangern．危險→endangerv．使處于險境couragen．勇氣→encouragev．鼓勵【好句背默】④Socialmediawebsitesdonot______(weak)personaltiesbut________(strength)theminuniquewaysfordifferentagegroups.社交媒體網站不會削弱個人關系，而是以不同年齡群體的獨特方式加強個人關系?？键c2.anticipatevt.預期,預料;預見;期待AsMorrieanticipateshisowndeath,heobserveseverythingasthoughthroughneweyes...當莫里預料到了自己生命的終結時,他好像(開始)用新的眼光觀察所有的事物……【拓展】(1)anticipate(...)doing

sth._______________Itisanticipatedthat...______________(2)anticipationn.______________inanticipationof...______________(3)anticipatedadj.______________【經典練】①I______________toSuzhouandHangzhouwithmyparentsnextyear.我期待著明年和我的父母一起去蘇州和杭州。②______________thepricewillgodowninthenearfuture.據預測,在不久的將來,物價會下降。③Judyboughtmanytoys______________manychildrentakingpartinthatparty.預料到很多孩子會參加那場聚會,朱迪買了很多玩具?！竞镁浔衬竣躀hadtakenmycoatandumbrellabecause______________________.我估計有雨，所以帶著外套和傘。考點3.pointofviewn.考慮角度;觀點;看法(復數:pointsofview)Afterfinishingit,IfeelIhavebeengivenadeeperinsightintotheworldandcanseethingsfromadifferentpointofview.讀完這本書之后,我覺得自己對這個世界有了更深的了解,可以從不同的角度看待事物了。?【拓展】viewn.看法;視野;風景;方式vt.觀看;以……看待;把……視為from

one’spointofview______________inone’sview=inone’sopinion______________inviewof______________haveagoodviewof______________eintoview______________a/theviewon/about______________(2)view...as...______________【經典練】①______________,thisjobiseducationalandfun.在我看來,這份工作既有教育意義又有趣。②______________,theactivityisofgreatsignificancesincethestudentsparticipatinginitwillbenefitalot.在我看來,這次活動意義重大,因為參加這次活動的學生將受益匪淺。③______________thepresentsituation,we’llhavetochangeouroriginalplan.鑒于目前這種情況,我們將不得不改變我們原來的計劃。④Peoplecan______________thewholecityfromthistower.人們從這座塔上可以清楚地看到整座城市。⑤Asweturnedthecorner,themountain______________.當我們拐過彎時,那座山映入眼簾。⑥Thecar______________ahighlyoriginalone.這輛車被認為是一輛獨具匠心的車。【好句背默】⑦Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituation_________________.當你不同意你父母的觀點時,花一分鐘冷靜下來,努力從他們的角度來理解情況。考點4.get/bedistractedby...因……分心,因……心煩意亂Whileweareliving,wetendtogetdistractedbyunimportantthings,suchasgatheringmaterialpossessions.在我們活著的時候,我們往往會被一些不重要的事情分心,比如積累物質財富?！就卣埂?1)distractvt.______________distract...from...______________distractsb.’sattention______________(2)distractingadj.______________distractionn.______________distractedadj.______________【經典練】①Someparentsworrythatsmartphoneswill______children’sattention.一些父母擔心會分散孩子們的注意力。②Asaseniorschoolstudent,weshouldn't______________anythingthatisnotrelevanttoourstudy.作為一名高中生，我們不應該被任何與我們的學習無關的事情分心。③Beforeyoudiveintoworking,writingorwhateverelseyouneedtodo,turnoffyourcellphoneandanythingelsethatmightprovetobe________.在你投入到工作、寫作或其他任何需要做的事情之前，關掉你的和任何可能會分散你注意力的東西。【好句背默】④Thereneedstobeabroadpubliccampaigntomakepeopleawareofthedangerof________driving.有必要開展一場廣泛飛公眾運動，使人們意識到分心駕駛的危險?？键c5.possessionn.財產,財物(常用復數);[U]擁有,具有Whileweareliving,wetendtogetdistractedbyunimportantthings,suchasgatheringmaterialpossessions.在我們活著的時候,我們往往會被一些不重要的事情分心,比如積累物質財富?！就卣埂?1)in

possessionof______________inthepossessionofsb./insb.’spossession______________take/havepossessionof______________(2)possessvt.______________possessorn.______________【經典練】①AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbe______________avalidticketbeforeboarding.所有使用運輸聯線服務的游客在上車前必須持有有效車票。②Thepicturewhichisondisplayinthemuseumnowis______________Tom/inTom’spossession.目前在博物館展出的那幅畫為湯姆所有。③Thegallery_________anumberofthefamousartist’searlyworks.這家畫廊擁有許多那位著名畫家的早期作品。④Wehavealreadyboughtahousebutwewon’t______________ituntilMay.我們已經買了房子,但要到五月份才能擁有它。據說一位年輕人將擁有這家公司。考點6.recognitionn.承認,認可;認出,識別Despiteitswidespreadrecognition,myfirstimpressionwas...盡管它得到了廣泛的認可,但我的第一印象是……?【拓展】outof/beyondrecognition______________face/voice/fingerprint/image/handwritingrecognition______________(2)recognize/recognisev.______________recognize...as/tobe...______________berecognizedas...______________Itisrecognizedthat...______________(3)recognizable/recognisableadj.______________【經典練】①Thereisalsoimage______________AIthatcan_______carplatenumbersandhumanfaces.還有能識別車牌號碼和人臉的圖像識別型人工智能。②MonaLisaiswidelyrecognized______oneofthemostfamouspaintingsinthehistoryofart.《蒙娜麗莎》被公認為美術史上最著名的畫作之一。③______________drugabusewillcauseahugelossofbothlifeandwealth.人們普遍認為濫用毒品會造成巨大的生命和財產損失?！竞镁浔衬竣躆yhometownhaschanged______________sinceIleftherelasttime.自從我上次離開我的家鄉以來,這里已經變得讓人認不出來了。考點7.

getthrough完成；通過(考試等)；渡過(難關)；打通()Aboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!要讀完這本書，你需要準備一盒紙巾！【拓展】getin______________getaround______________getover______________getalong/on(with)______________【經典練】①Althoughthetwoboysdifferincharacter,theygetalongwell_____eachother.雖然這兩個男孩性格不同，但他們相處得很好。②Itwilltakealongtimeforhisfamilyto______whathashappenedhere.他的家人要花很長時間才能從這里發生的事情中恢復過來。③Howdidmysecret_________toallmyfriendssoquickly?我的秘密怎么這么快就傳到我所有的朋友那里去了？【好句背默】④Imanagedto______________thehardtimes,andthepainwasstruckintomyheart.我設法熬過了那些困難時期，那傷痛是刻骨銘心的?？键c8.

losetouchwith與……失去聯系;不再了解,不再意識到Morrie’sreflectionsonloveandfriendshipmademethinkaboutmylifeandallthegoodfriendsthatI’velosttouchwithalongtheway.莫里對愛和友誼的思考讓我想到了自己的生活,想到了一路走來所有失去聯系的好朋友。?(教材P20)【拓展】getintouchwithsb.______________be/keep/stayintouchwithsb.______________be/keep/stayintouchwithsth.______________beoutoftouchwithsb.______________【經典練】①IregrettosaythatIhave______________fourorfivefriendssofar.遺憾地說,迄今為止我已經與四五個朋友失去了聯系。②We’vebeen______________witheachotherforyearssincewegraduatedfromuniversity.自從大學畢業以來,我們彼此已經多年沒有聯系了。③Thankstoanotherfriend’shelp,finallythey______________eachotheragain.多虧了另一個朋友的幫助,他們終于又和彼此聯系上了。【好句背默】④Nowadaysmanyparentsare/keep/stay______________theirchildrenwhoareatcollegebyWeChat.現在許多父母使用微信和他們上大學的孩子保持聯系?？键c9.cooperatev.合作,協作itiseasiertoachievesomethingifyoucooperatewithsomeoneelse你如果和其他人合作,就更容易實現某事【拓展】cooperatewith

______________cooperationn.______________incooperationwith______________cooperativeadj.______________【經典練】①Iwasstruckbyhisinspiringwords,andIdecidedto________withhim.他鼓舞人心的話打動了我,我決定與他合作。②Thetrainingcourseswerecarriedoutin_________withthisuniversity.培訓課程是與這所大學合作落實的。③Thesemeasuresofferwider_________spacetobusinessesofthetwocountries.這些措施為兩國企業提供了更加廣闊的合作空間?！竞镁浔衬抗と伺c管理層合作使產量增加了10%。④Theworkers,______________themanagement,haveincreasedoutputby10percent.⑤Theworkers,______________themanagement,haveincreasedoutputby10percent.考點10.rushinto沖進（某地）;匆忙做……AtroopofHAPPINESSESrushintothehall,singing,“Theretheyare!Theyseeus!”一群“幸福”沖進大廳,唱著:“他們在那兒!他們看見我們了!”【拓展】rushv.______________n.______________rushtosb./sth.______________rushtodosth.______________rushout(of...)______________rushsb./sth.to...______________rushthrough______________(2)inarush(=inahurry)______________arushofanger/excitement/fear______________【經典練】判斷下列句子中rush的詞性及含義①Don'trushintomakingadecision.Youmightregretitlater.______________②Oncetheboywasrushedtohospital,hewasoperatedonbythebestdoctor.______________③Whyisitalwayssucharushtogetreadyinthemorning?______________④SuddenlythedoorburstopenandJoerushedin.______________【好句背默】⑤Don’t______________adecisionontheimportantmatterbeforethinkingitover.在重要的事情上,在沒有仔細考慮之前,不要匆忙做出決定?？键c11.burstoutlaughing突然大笑起來；不禁大笑AlltheotherHAPPINESSESburstoutlaughing.其他所有的幸福都哄然大笑?！就卣埂縝urstoutlaughing＝burstintolaughter______________burstoutcrying＝burstintotears______________(2)burstwithanger______________burstwithjoy______________(3)aburstoflaughter/applause______________【經典練】①Onhearingtheshockingnewsthathersoncouldn'trecoveraftertheoperation,themother______________crying.一聽到兒子手術后仍無法恢復的噩耗，這位母親就突然大哭起來。②WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitforwhateverhisfamilymightneed,he______________tears.當我遞給他那張禮物卡，跟他說可以用它來買家里可能需要的任何東西時，他突然哭了起來?？键c12.cramv．擠滿；把……塞進Why,itiscrammedwithHappinesses!嘿，幸福多得都要擠不下了！【拓展】becrammedwith______________cramsth.into...______________craminto______________【經典練】①Hislife______________desireofpossessingpowerandmoney,whichcausedhisunhappinessanddivorce.他的生活中充滿了權力欲和金錢欲，這導致了他的苦惱和離異。②Terrycrammedthedirtyclothes_____hisbag.特里把臟衣服塞進了包里。③We______________mycarandsetoff.我們擠進我的小汽車里，出發了?！竞镁浔衬縏hehouseiscrammed______pricelessfurnitureandworksofart.房子里堆滿了價值連城的家具和藝術品。考點13.leanv．倚，靠；使斜靠EnterNEIGHBOURBERLINGOT，alittleoldwomanleaningonastick.鄰居Berlingot，一位瘦小的老太太拄著拐杖進來了。【拓展】(1)leanagainst/on______________lean...against/on...______________leanforward/back______________leanforwardsb.______________(2)leanon______________leanoneachotherforsupport______________【經典練】①Hewas______________thebridge,watchingtheboatsgoby.他靠在橋上，看著船來船往。②He_____hisbicycleagainstthefence.他把自行車倚靠在籬笆上。③Theywere______________,facingeachother.他們面對面身體前傾。④She______________himandlistened.她探過身子去聽他說。【好句背默】Shewalkedslowly，______________.她倚靠著她兒子的手臂緩慢行走?？键c14.addressn．地址；稱呼；致辭；講話；演講v.稱呼；發表演說；寫地址；處理/解決問題Steppingtothefrontofthestageandaddressingtheaudience.走到舞臺前面，向觀眾致辭?！就卣埂縜ddresssth.(tosb.) ______________addresssb. ______________addresssb.as/tobe... ______________【經典練】寫出address的含義①MostpeoplecallmeBob.HowdoIaddressyou？______________②Mr.HowardgaveanaddressoneconomicstrategiesinAsia.______________③Thereisaletteraddressedtoyou.______________④Thenextmeetingwilladdresstheproblemoftruancy.______________【好句背默】⑤Heisdueto_______aconferenceonhumanrightsnextweek.他下星期將在一個大會上發表關于人權的演說。.考點15.ReadingthisbookmademefeelasifI'dbeenwokenupfromalongsleepandfinallyopenedmyeyestotheworld!讀這本書讓我覺得自己好像從長眠中醒來，終于睜開眼睛看到了這個世界！本句中的asif跟在系動詞feel的后面引導表語從句。由于該表語從句表示的并非事實，所以用了虛擬語氣?！就卣埂縜sif/though的用法：(1)在be，look，seem，sound，smell，feel等系動詞之后的asif/though引導的是表語從句。注意：從句所表示的內容與事實相符，則使用______________。從句所陳述的是不真實的或不可能發生(存在)的情況時，從句謂語常用______________：與過去事實相反，從句謂語動詞用______________；與現在事實相反，從句謂語動詞用______________；與將來事實相反，從句謂語動詞用______________。(2)asif/though引導方式狀語從句。注意：如果從句主語和主句主語一致，且其中又含有be動詞的某種形式，可以省略從句中的主語和be動詞，后面直接跟名詞、不定式、形容詞、介詞短語或分詞。【經典練】①Aftertheaccident，hebehaved______________nothinghadhappened.事故后，他表現得若無其事。②Itlooks______________itisn'tcleanenoughtoswimhere.看起來這里的水好像不夠干凈，不宜游泳。③Fromtimetotimeheturnedround______________searchingforsomeone.他不時地轉身，好像在找人一樣。④Hepaused,______________toletthempayattention.他停了下來，好像想讓他們注意到自己?？键c16.TheydancemerrilyaroundtheCHILDREN，thentheonewhoappearstobethechiefgoesuptoTYLTYLwithhandoutstretched.他們在孩子們周圍歡快地跳舞，然后那個看起來是酋長的人，伸出手向狄蒂爾走去?！就卣埂縲ith的復合結構主要用來說明附帶情況或具體細節，在句中可作原因、方式、條件或伴隨狀語等，有時也可作定語。其構成形式主要有：(1)with＋賓語＋形容詞；(2)with＋賓語＋副詞；(3)with＋賓語＋介詞短語；(4)with＋賓語＋動詞的現在分詞，表示動作正在進行，且賓語與動詞是主動關系；(5)with＋賓語＋動詞的過去分詞，表示動作已經發生，且賓語與動詞是被動關系；(6)with＋賓語＋動詞不定式，表示動作還未發生?！窘浀渚殹竣賁hehadtowalkhomewithherbike______(steal)．自行車被偷了，她不得不走著回家。②Withthecrowds_______(cheer)，theydrovetothepalace.在人群的歡呼聲中，他們開車去了宮殿。③Withnoone______(talk)to，Johnfeltmiserable.沒有人可以交談，約翰感到很痛苦。④______________(有那位老人帶路)，wegottothetopofthemountaineasily.⑤Thevillageisbeautiful______________(樹林都披上了銀裝)．⑥______________(有那么多的工作要做)，hewenttothefactoryaheadoftime.【好句背默】⑦Thethiefwasforcedintothepoststation______________.賊被雙手捆綁著帶進了派出所?？键c17....youwillseehimeverytimeyougotothewindow...……每一次你走向窗戶時，你就能看見他……everytime引導時間狀語從句【拓展】(1)everytime是名詞詞組作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，相當于whenever，意為“每當……”，從句謂語常用一般現在時或一般過去時。(2)名詞詞組作連詞用而且能引導時間狀語從句的還有：anytime“任何時候”，nexttime“下次……時”，thelasttime“最后一次”，the＋序數詞＋time“第……次”。(3)the＋瞬間名詞(moment/minute/instant/second)意為“一……就……”(4)on/upondoingsth.“一……就……”【經典練】①______________(第一次)hecametothecity，hedecidedtosettlethere.他第一次來到這個城市，就決定在那里定居下來。②Youareweletoeback______________(任何時候)youwantto.你想什么時候回來都歡迎。③______________，we'dgreethimatthedoor.每一次他到家時，我們都會在門口迎接他。.考點18.Heisnomoreabsurdthanthemajorityofmen...他和大多數人一樣都不可笑……no+比較級...than...不比……更……，和……一樣不……【拓展】(1)not+比較級...than______________(2)nomorethan（=only）______________notmorethan（=atmost）______________(3)morethan______________lessthan______________【經典練】①Heis____________________________sheis.他和她一樣知識都不是很淵博。②Youare______________heis.你不如他仔細。③Itis______________apieceofcakeandIbelieveIcansolveit.這只不過是小菜一碟，我相信我能解決。④Heearns______________2,000dollarsamonth.他每月所賺的錢不超過2000美元?！竞镁浔衬竣軾ouare______________heis.你和他一樣不仔細。語法精講——被動語態各種時態的被動語態形式(以do為例)時態被動語態一般現在時am/is/are＋done一般將來時will/shall/begoingto/beto＋be＋done現在進行時am/is/are＋being＋done一般過去時was/were＋done現在完成時have/has＋been＋done過去完成時had＋been＋done過去進行時was/were＋being＋done情態動詞＋be＋done【自主發現】1.OndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbyasevereillness,MitchstartsvisitinghimathishouseonTuesdays.2.Afterfinishingit,IfeelIhavebeengivenadeeperinsightintotheworldandcanseethingsfromadifferentpointofview.3.Despiteitswidespreadrecognition,myfirstimpressionwasthatTuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionofoveremotionalthoughtsandmessages,manyofwhicharerepeated.4.ThebookmademestopandthinkabouthowmuchIaminfluencedbypopularcultureandtheimportanceofcreatingmyownvaluesbasedonloveandopenmunication.5.Aboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!觀察上面的句子可知，句子中的黑體部分都使用了___________表示不知道或沒有必要指明動作的___________是誰時用被動語態；需要強調或突出動作的____________________或事件本身時也常用被動語態。語態是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系。英語的語態共有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態是動詞的一種特殊形式，一般說來，只有需要動作對象的及物動詞才有被動語態。漢語往往用“被”、“受”、“給”等詞來表示被動意義。一、被動語態的構成形式1.被動語態的基本時態變化被動語態通常為十種時態的被動形式，被動語態由be＋過去分詞構成，be隨時態的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態的被動語態形式為：（1）am/is/are+done（過去分詞）一般現在時例Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.（2）has/havebeendone現在完成時例Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeenpleted,andwe’rereadytostart.（3）am/is/arebeingdone現在進行時例Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere.（4）was/weredone一般過去時例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.（5）hadbeendone過去完成時例Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeenpletedinBeijing.（6）was/werebeingdone過去進行時例AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.（7）shall/willbedone一般將來時例Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.（8）should/wouldbedone過去將來時例Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier’smotherassoonasitarrived.（9）shall/willhavebeendone將來完成時（少用）例TheprojectwillhavebeenpletedbeforeJuly.（10）should/wouldhavebeendone過去將來完成時（少用）例Hetoldmethathisnewclotheswouldhavebeenmadeverysoon.2.被動語態的特殊結構形式（1）帶情態動詞的被動結構。其形式為：情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞。例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebabysitter.(2)動詞不定式的被動形式動詞不定式的被動形式有以下兩種，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語：①一般式：tobedone(不定式所表示的動作發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之后或者與其同時發生。)Itisanhonourtobechosenasavolunteer.能當選為志愿者是一件光榮的事情。②完成式：tohavebeendone(不定式所表示的動作發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前)Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.據說這本書已經被譯成多種語言?！窘浀渚殹?.Atthismoment,theplan_____________（discussed).2.Overthepasttwentyyears,greatprogress_____________（make)inChina.3.Thestudents_____________（give)someadvicebytheteacher.4.Attention,please.Allofyoustudentsshallremaininyourseatsuntilallthepapers__________（collect）.5.Ifyoubreakthetrafficrules,you_____________（fine).二、主動形式表被動意義的情況1.當clean、lock、open、sell、read、write、wash等作不及物動詞時，表示主語的“品質”或“性能”。Thispenwritessmoothly.這支鋼筆寫起字來很流暢。Thedoorwon'tlock.這扇門鎖不上。2.當動詞表示“開始、結束、關、停、轉、啟動”等意義時。Theopeningceremonywillstartat8:00tomorrowmorning.開幕式會在明天早晨8點開始。3.在need、deserve等詞的后面常跟動名詞，用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式。Hisoldcarwhichbreaksdownfrequentlyneedsrepairing/toberepaired.他那輛經常出故障的舊車需要修理了。4.“beworth+動名詞”結構，用主動形式表示被動意義。Thebookisworthreadingagainandagain.這本書值得一讀再讀。5.某些連系動詞，如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、prove等，要用主動形式表被動意義。Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.雖然這些鳥不以在野外使用工具而聞名，但事實證明這些鳥在籠子里可以熟練使用工具。6.在“be+adj.+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語。Thenewwashingmachineiseasytooperate.新的洗衣機操作起來很簡單。【經典練】補全句子①Theflowers______sweet.②Thiskindofcloth_________easily.③Ineed_________(go)homenow,becausemycoatneed_________（mend）三、使用被動語態時應注意的問題1.不及物動詞(短語)不能用于被動語態。常見的不可用于被動語態的動詞或動詞短語有：happen，occur，appear，disappear，breakout，eture，eout，takeplace等；某些及物動詞(短語)不能用于被動語態，常見的有lack，belongto，agreewith，consistof，turnout，runout等。2.接雙賓語的動詞變被動語態。有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變為主語，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變為主語的是間接賓語。例Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.→Aninterestingbookwasgiventome(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.→Iwasgivenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.3.在使役動詞have,make,get以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變為被動結構時，要加to。例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.4.有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞＋介詞”，“動詞＋副詞”等，也可以用于被動結構，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.Theworkersweremadetowork(work)tenhoursaday.【經典練】將下列句子改為被動語態1．Sheboughtherfatheranewcoat.__________________________________________________________________________2.Youshouldmakefulluseofyoursparetimetodevelopyourinterests.____________________________________________________________________3.Iheardhersingintheclassroomafterschool._________________________________________________________________二．寫作精講——概要寫作一、寫作分析概要寫作是對閱讀理解和寫作的綜合考查，需要學生在正確理解文章的基礎上，在不改變原文中心思想、體裁和結構的前提下，用精簡的語句高度概括文章的主要內容和觀點。二、寫作步驟(1)仔細閱讀并理解文章大意；(2)從宏觀角度抓住主題句，忽略次要信息；(3)運用自己的語言高度概括文章，形成全文的概要。三、語言特點1.概要寫作要求語言簡潔明了、準確客觀、忠實反映原文的核心2.盡量使用短句，慎用長難句。多使用概括性詞語，少用具體描述性詞語。一、常用詞匯1.整體介紹：pose;:classical;:novelist;famous;literature;masterpiece;create;popular;recognition;widespread...情節介紹：experience;;hardship;childhood;violence;despair;luxury;cruel;persistent;aboard;gradually;deadly;eventually;suffer;exchange;survive;rescue;injure;refuse;startwith;bringup;gothrough;fightagainst;dealwith;makesense;turnto...分析作品的意義并表達感受：significant；importance;treasure;cherish;peace;friendship;loyal;honest;effort;educate...二、常用句式1.Thenovelmainlytellsthestoryof..2.However,everythingbecamedifferentwhen...3.Despite...,he/shecontinueddoinghis/herworkandbecauseofthat,he/shelatergainedwiderespect.4.Thestorytellsushowimportant...istoushumansandinanycaseweshouldn't...5.Whatthenovelimpressesmemostis...假定你是李華，前幾周英文閱讀課上英語老師組織你們閱讀了名著《魯濱遜漂流記》(RobinsonCrusoe)。本周寫作課上，老師要求你們寫一篇關于這部名著的介紹，內容包括：1．簡要介紹作品的作者及其文學地位；2．簡要概括小說的故事情節；3．說明作者要表達的主題思想。注意：1．寫作詞數應為80左右；2．可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。1．補全要點句(黑體部分請利用本單元所學詞匯和句式)第一步審題謀篇體裁概要寫作時態一般現在時主題介紹名著《魯濱遜漂流記》人稱第三人稱布局第一步：確定時態和人稱第二步：用高度概括的語言介紹名著《魯濱遜漂流記》第三步：提煉要點第二步要點翻譯1.小說的主要人物RobinsonCrusoe是一個蘇格蘭人，他有雄心壯志，不滿足于當下的舒適生活。RobinsonCrusoe,themaincharacterofthenovel,isaScotsman,________________andnotsatisfiedwithhispresentfortablelife.2.然而，在一次航海中，他遇到一些意外情況，被風浪帶到了一個荒島上。他與外界失去了聯系，在島上度過了艱苦的28年。However,onavoyage,heencounterssomeaccidents,andiscarriedtoadesertedislandbythewindandwaves,andhe____________________theoutsideworld,andspends28hardyears.3.相反，他用自己的雙手和智慧克服了各種各樣的困難，從而創造出了可以繼續活下去的生存條件。Instead,____________________________heoveresvariousdifficultiestocreatethelivingconditions_______________.第三步詞句升級1.用過去分詞短語作狀語RobinsonCrusoebyDanielDefoe,whichisbasedonatruestory,isoneoftheworld'smostpopularadventurenovels.→_____________________________RobinsonCrusoebyDanielDefoeisoneoftheworld'smostpopularadventurenovels.2.用sothat引導的結果狀語從句Fortunately,heisfoundandrescuedeventually,andreunitedwithhisfamily,bringingtheabnormallifetoanend.→Fortunately,heisfoundandrescuedeventually___________________________bringingtheabnormallifetoanend.第四步連句成篇ASummaryofRobinsonCrusoe一、短語1.pointofview考慮角度；觀點，看法2．