2024年北京高考英語一輪復習測試卷二(解析版)_第1頁
2024年北京高考英語一輪復習測試卷二(解析版)_第2頁
2024年北京高考英語一輪復習測試卷二(解析版)_第3頁
2024年北京高考英語一輪復習測試卷二(解析版)_第4頁
2024年北京高考英語一輪復習測試卷二(解析版)_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩15頁未讀 繼續免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內容提供方,若內容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領

文檔簡介

2024年高考英語一輪復習測試卷二(北京卷)

本試卷共100分。考試時長100分鐘

考生務必將答案答在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分:知識運用(共兩節,30分)

第一節完型填空(共10小題:每小題1.5份,共15份)

閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題紙上

將該選項涂黑。

(2023屆北京市房山區高三一模)

IglancedtomyleftandrightasIgotreadyatthestartingline.Thesightofothercompetitorswhohad

confidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumpsandIwasevenmore___1___thanbefore.

“Onyourmark,getset...Go!”shoutedtheraceofficial.Ipushedmyselfforwardwithallmy___2___and

startedrunningasthoughaprideofman-eatinglionswerecomingafterme.AsIran,Icouldseetheother

competitorscatchingupwithme.Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.Ahundredpairsofeyesboredintome,

watchingme___3___togetup.ButnomatterhowhardItried,Ijustcouldnotdoit.

"No,itcannotendlikethis.Ihaveto___4___thisrace."Ithoughttomyself.However,thepainfrommy

injurywassounbearablethatIfelttotally___5___.Ireallywantedtogiveup.

Outofdespair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor___6___herhandtome.

“Thankyou...^^Iwhispered___7___asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup.

Shelentmehershoulderforsupport,andI___8___forward.Thecrowdcheeredatthisbrilliantdisplayof

___9___.Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.

EventhoughInevergotthechancetolearnhername,Iwillalwaysrememberherastheonewhostepped

forwardtohelpmewhenIwasin10.

1.A.tiredB.confusedC.nervousD.regretful

2.A.joyB.mightC.troubleD.shame

3.A.attemptB.hesitateC.waitD.pretend

4.A.organizeB.evaluateC.appreciateD.complete

5.A.defeatedB.inspiredC.shockedD.relaxed

6.A.wavedB.extendedC.showedD.pointed

7.A.proudlyB.cautiouslyC.awkwardlyD.gratefully

8.A.movedB.fellC.bentD.looked

9.A.partnershipB.sportsmanshipC.leadershipD.friendship

10.A.angerB.doubtC.needD.silence

【答案】l.C2.B3.A4.D5.A6.B7.D8.A9.B10.C

【解析】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者在一次跑步比賽中,摔倒了,膝蓋的疼痛讓作者無法繼續前進。

就在作者感到絕望時,旁邊的選手停下來,攙扶著作者走向終點線。這讓作者很是感動,并會永遠記住這

個在他需要幫助時,及時向他伸出援助之手的人。

1考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:看著旁邊充滿自信且表情兇神惡煞的其他競爭者,我感到渾身起雞皮疙瘩,

我比之前更加緊張。A.tired疲憊的;B.confused困惑的;C.nervous緊張的;D.regretful后悔的。根據前文

“Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumps”可知,此處指作

者看著旁邊的人充滿自信感到更加緊張,故選C。

2考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我用盡全身力氣向前沖,盡管后面一群吃人的獅子緊跟在我后面。A.joy高興,

喜悅;B.might強大力量,威力;C.trouble困難;D.shame羞愧。根據后文“andstartedrunning”可知,此處

指我用盡全身強大的力量先前沖,故選B。

3考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:一百雙眼睛盯著我看,看我努力試圖爬起來。A.attempt企圖,努力;B.hesitate

猶豫;C.wait等待;D.pretend假裝。根據前文“Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.”可知,此處指我在

賽跑時摔倒了,故努力試圖爬起來,故填A。

4考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我心里想:“不,不能就這樣結束了。我必須完成這次比賽”。A.organize組織;

B.evaluate評估,評價;C.appreciate欣賞,感激;D.complete完成。根據前文“No,itcannotendlikethis.”

可知,此處指不能就這樣結束,我必須完成這次比賽,故選D。

5考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:但是,我膝蓋上的疼痛如此無法忍受,以至于我感覺很泄氣。A.defeatedM

氣的,受挫的;B.inspired受到鼓舞的;C.shocked震驚的;D.relaxed放松的。根據上文“However,thepain

frommyinjurywassounbearable”以及后文"Ireallywantedtogiveup.”可知,此處指我想放棄,因此我是感覺

很泄氣的,故選A。

6考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:就在這時,一個善良的競爭者向我伸出了手。A.waved揮手;B.extended延伸,

伸出;C.showed展示;D.pointed指向。根據后文“asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup”可知,此處指

她向我伸出手,故選B。

7考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:當我抓住她的手,她把我拉起來的時候,我感激地說著“謝謝你”。A.proudly

驕傲地;B.cautiously謹慎地;C.awkwardly尷尬地;D.gratefully感激地。根據前文“akindcompetitor6

herhandtome.”可知,此處指我很感激那個向我伸出手的競爭者,因此是感激地說著謝謝,故選D。

8考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:她把肩膀借給我支撐,我向前移動。A.moved移動;B.fell摔,落;C.bent

彎腰;D.looked看。根據后文“Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.“可知,此處指我支撐著她的肩膀,

向終點線移動,故選A。

9考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:觀眾為這種杰出的體育精神而歡呼。A.partnership合伙,合作關系;B.

sportsmanship體育精神;C.leadership領導才能;D.friendship友誼。根據前文"Together,bothofuscrossedthe

finishingline.”可知,此處指我在比賽中摔倒了,旁邊的人扶著我走向終點,這是一種體育精神,故選B。

10考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管我不知道她的名字,但我將永遠記得她,因為她是在我有需要時,走上

前來幫助我的那個人。A.anger怒氣;B.doubt疑惑;C.need需要;D.silence沉默。根據前文“Outofdespair,

Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor6herhandtome.”可知,此處指她在我需要幫

助時,向我伸出了援助之手,故選C。

第二節語法填空(共10小題,每小題L5分洪15分)

(2023屆北京市東城區高三一模)

A

閱讀下列短文,根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞,在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

Onaparticularsunnyday,littleMykelwasdeterminedtolearntoridehisbikewithoutthehelpoftraining

wheels.Whentheneighborhoodkids11(spot)Mykelshakilycontrollinghisbike,theyracedover

12(help).Someheldthebikesteadywhileothersofferedencouragement.Mykelwasnotaloneashe

triedtoreachhisgoaloflearningtoridehisbike!Somethingsare13(easy)saidthandone.However,

withalittlehelpfromfriends,thingsgobetter!

【答案】11.spotted12.tohelp13.easier

【解析】這是一篇記敘文,文章主要講述Mykel學習騎自行車時得到周圍孩子的幫助的故事。

11考查一般過去時。句意:當鄰居的孩子們發現Mykel搖搖晃晃地控制著他的自行車時,他們跑過去幫忙。

根據上文的時間狀語“Onaparticularsunnyday”及主句中的“raced”可知,文章是描述過去發生的事情,應用

一般過去時,故填spottedo

12考查動詞不定式。句意同上。結合句意可知,此處表示目的,應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tohelp。

13考查形容詞比較級。句意:有些事說起來容易做起來難。根據than可知此處應用形容詞比較級。故填easiero

B

閱讀下列短文,根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞,在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

Renewablemethodsfor14(produce)electricity,suchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels,canonly

providepoweronthedays15windblowsorthesunshines.Electricbatteries16(use)tostore

energyareexpensiveandcanalsobepolluting.Finnishscientistscameupwithasimplesolutionthatputs

unwantedgreenelectricitytowork,heating100tonsofsandtoaround500℃.Thesandstayshotformonths;when

energy17(require),aircanbepumpedthroughitandheatedup.Theairinturnheatsasystemthat

supplieshotwatertoheatnearbyhouses.

【答案】14.producing15.when16.used17.isrequired

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了芬蘭科學家提出的一個利用沙子的可再生發電方式。

14考查非謂語動詞。句意:可再生發電方法,如風力渦輪機和太陽能電池板,只能在有風或有太陽的日子

里提供電力。空前為介詞for,故空處需要填動名詞doing的形式構成“介賓”結構。故填producing。

15考查定語從句。句意:可再生發電方法,如風力渦輪機和太陽能電池板,只能在有風或有太陽的日子里

提供電力。分析句子可知,此處為定語從句,修飾先行詞thedays,表“時間”,從句中不缺主、賓、表和定

語,故填關系副詞。故填when。

16考查非謂語動詞。句意:用來儲存能量的電池價格昂貴,而且會造成污染。本句已有動詞are,且空處沒

有連詞,所以空處需用非謂語動詞;動詞與空前名詞之間是被動關系,所以空處需用過去分詞作后置定語。

故填usedo

17考查動詞的時態和語態。句意:當需要能量時,空氣可以通過它來加熱。結合句意可知,此處為陳述客

觀事實,故用一般現在時態即可;動詞require和單數主語energy為動賓關系,故需要用被動語態bedone

的形式。故填isrequiredo

C

閱讀下列短文,根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞,在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

Theideaofwritingapoemmightfeelfrightening18(initial)一doyouneedtofollowacertain

structure,doesitneedtohavearhyme,ordoyouneedtohaverecitedadictionarytobea"proper"poet?Thetruth

is:absolutelynot.Whilethereare“types“ofpoemthatofferstincturetoserve19aguide,therealityis

thatpoetrydoesn'thavetofollowasetofrules-ifsmuchmoreaboutconveyingafeeling,andthatopensupalot

ofcreative20(free)forustoexplore.

【答案】18.initially19.as20.freedom

【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了寫詩讓人害怕的原因,并解釋道,詩歌不需要遵循“死板”的規

則。

18考查副詞。句意:一開始寫詩的想法可能會讓人害怕一你是否需要遵循某種結構,它是否需要押韻,

或者你是否需要背誦一本字典來成為一個“合適的”詩人?分析句子可知,空處去掉后不影響理解,故需要填

副詞的形式作狀語。故填initially。

19考查固定短語。句意:雖然有一些“類型”的詩歌提供了結構作為指導,但現實是,詩歌并不一定要遵循

一套規則。固定短語serveas表示“用作;充當;作為”,符合句意。故填as。

20考查名詞。句意:它更多的是傳達一種感覺,這為我們開辟了許多創作的自由,供我們探索。creative為

形容詞表示“創新的;創作的",alotof表示“很多”,故空處需要填名詞。故填freedom。

第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節,38分)

第一節(共14小題,每小題2分,共28分)

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

(2023屆北京市朝陽區高三一模)

TheEconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)YouthForumisanannualinitiativeofthePresidentofthe

Council.IthasdevelopedintoakeyplatformwhereyoungpeoplecancontributetopolicydiscussionsattheUnited

Nations(UN).Thisyear'sYouthForumwilltakeplacefrom25to27April,2023.

?Objectives

TheForumaimstoengageyoungpeopleinadialoguewithMemberStates,policymakersandotheractorsto

voicetheirviewsandinspireactionsonhowtotransformtheworldintoabetterplaceguidedbytheSustainable

DevelopmentGoals(SDGs).Participantswillalsohavetheopportunitytocontributetothepreparatoryprocessof

theSDGSummit.

The2023ForumwilladdressthethemeonspeedinguptherecoveryfromtheCOVID-19andthefull

implementation(實施)ofthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment.Itwillalsoreviewprogressintheareas

ofaffordableandcleanenergy,andsustainablecitiesandcommunities,ete.

?Format

Thethree-dayeventwillfeatureplenary(全體出席的)sessionsandregionallybaseddiscussions,withthelast

daydesignedforthepreparationofthe2023SDGSummit.Talentedyouthspeakerswilldelivershortpresentations

inbetweensessions.

ParticipationintheForumisbyinvitationonly.TheyouthparticipantsareselectedbyNationalYouth

Councils,regionalyouthorganizations,etc.

Theeventwillbeheldinamixedwayallowingforopportunitiesforin-personandvirtualparticipation.

Participantswillalsobeabletoaskquestionsviasocialmedia.

?Thevoicesfromlastyear'sparticipants

2022ForumParticipantsTakeaway!2022ForumParticipants,Advice!

“TheYouthForumgavemetheopportunityto“Usingsourcestheteamprovideswillincreasethe

discovertheskillsrequiredtomasterpublicspeaking.efficiencyandeffectivenessofcompletingtasks.Ialso

Thetimemanagementischallengingbutwefinishedstronglyadvisethemtobeopentohearingeveryone's

alltasksevenwithatightschedule.^^differentopinionsfromanobjectivepointofview.^^

21.TheECOSOCYouthForum2023will.

A.discusstheglobalrecoveryissueB.selecttheyouthleadersfortheUN

C.setgoalsforsustainabledevelopmentD.gatheryoungpeopletobuildaplatform

22.Accordingtothepassage,theyoungparticipantscan.

A.registertojoinintheForumpersonallyB.givebriefspeechesinplenarysessions

C.takepartintheeventonlineandofflineD.attendtheSDGSummitaftertheForum

23.Whatistheadvicefrom2022participants?

A.Tobewillingtoconsidervariousvoices.B.Tomaketimearrangementsatoppriority.

C.Tomasterpublicspeakingskillsinadvance.D.Tobeefficientwiththehelpofpolicymakers.

【答案】21.A22.C23.A

【解析】本文是篇應用文。文章主要介紹了即將舉辦的2023年ECOSOC青年論壇的相關信息和內容。

21細節理解題。根據第三段“The2023Forumwilladdressthethemeonspeedinguptherecoveryfromthe

COVID-19andthefullimplementation(實施)ofthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment.^^(2023年論壇的

主題是加快從2019冠狀病毒中復蘇和全面落實2030年可持續發展議程)可知,2023年ECOSOC青年論壇

將會討論全球從新冠病毒中復蘇的問題。故選A。

22細節理解題。根據第六段"Theeventwillbeheldinamixedwayallowingforopportunitiesforin-personand

virtualparticipation.Participantswillalsobeabletoaskquestionsviasocialmedia.”(該活動將以一種混合的方

式舉行,允許面對面和虛擬參與的機會,參與者還可以通過社交媒體提問)可知,參加者可以在線上和線

下參加這次活動。故選C。

23細節理解題。根據最后一段"Ialsostronglyadvisethemtobeopentohearingeveryone'sdifferentopinions

什omanobjectivepointofview."(我還強烈建議他們從客觀的角度聽取每個人的不同意見)可知,2022年的

參加者還建議該活動愿意聽取各種不同的聲音,考慮各方面不同的意見。故選A。

B

(2023屆北京市豐臺區高三一模)

ThiswasthefirstcommunicationthathadcomefromherauntinJessie'slifetime.

“Ithinkyouraunthasforgivenmeatlast,“herfathersaidashepassedtheletteracrossthetable.

Jessielookedfirstattheautograph(簽名).Itseemedstrangetoseeherownnamethere.Therewasalikeness

betweenheraunfsautographandherown,ahintofthesamedecisivenessandprecision.IfJessiehadbeen

educatedfiftyyearsearlier,shemighthavewrittenhernameinjustthatmanner.

“You'reverylikeherinsomeways,“herfathersaid,asshestillstaredattheautograph.

“IshouldthinkyoumustalmosthaveforgottenwhatAuntJessiewaslike,dear,“shesaid."Howmanyyearsis

itsinceyoulastsawher?”

“Morethanforty,herfathersaid."Wedisagreed.Weinvariablydisagreed.Jessiealwayspridedherselfon

beingsomodem.ShereadDarwinandthingslikethat.Altogetherbeyondme,Iadmit.^^

“Andsoitseemsthatshewantstoseeme.^^Jessiestraightenedhershouldersandliftedherhead.Shewas

excitedatthethoughtofmeetingthismythicalauntwhomshehadsooftenheardabout.Sometimesshehad

wonderedifthepersonalityofthisremarkablerelativehadnotbeenafigment(虛構)ofherfather^imagination.

Butthisletterofhersthatnowlayonthebreakfasttablewasadmirableincharacter.Therewassomethingof

intoleranceexpressedinitstone.Itwasjustlikewhatherfatherhadtoldher.

Mr.Deanecameoutofhispastmemorieswithasigh.

“Yes,yes;shewantstoseeyou,mydear,“hesaid.'Tveheardshehassetupaschoolandhelpedmany

youngsters.Ithinkyouhadbetteracceptthisinvitationtostaywithher.Ifshetookafancytoyou,youcouldgeta

bettereducation...9,

Hesighedagain,andJessieknewthatforthehundredthtimehewasregrettinghisownpastweakness...

25.HowwastherelationshipbetweenJessie'sfatherandheraunt?

A.Itremainedverycloseovertheyears.B.Itwasbrokenwhentheywereyoung.

C.Itgottenserduetoamisunderstanding.D.Itwasuneasyfortheirfinancialdifferences.

26.Fromthepassage,weknowJessiewas.

A.eagertomeetheraunt.B.cautiousaboutheraunt'sinvitation

C.angrywithherauntforignoringherfamily.D.puzzledbyheraunfssuddeninterestinher

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Jessie'sauntpromisedtoofferherbettereducation.B.Jessie'saunfspersonalityseemedtochangealot.

C.Jessieandherauntweredifferentinpersonality.D.Jessie'sfatherfeltsorryforwhathehaddone.

【答案】24.B25.A26.D

【解析】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者的姑姑與父親因為分歧,多年未見面。父親收到了姑姑的來信,

父親很悔恨,并打算將作者送到姑姑那里去接受好的教育。

24推理判斷題。根據文章第一段"ThiswasthefirstcommunicationthathadcomefromherauntinJessie's

lifetime.(這是Jessie生命中第一次與姑姑的聯系。)”以及文章第六段“"Morethanforty,9,herfathersaid.t6We

disagreed.Weinvariablydisagreed.(父親說道:“四十多年了。我們有分歧,我們總是有分歧"。)”可知,作者

的父親和姑姑已經四十多年沒見面了,故他們的關系在年輕的時候就破裂了,故選B。

25細節理解題。根據文章倒數第五段“Shewasexcitedatthethoughtofmeetingthismythicalauntwhomshehad

sooftenheardabout.(一想到能見到這個她經常聽說的神奇的姑姑,她就激動不已。)“可知,Jessie很渴望見

到姑姑,故選A。

26細節理解題。根據文章最后一段"Hesighedagain,andJessieknewthatforthehundredthtimehewas

regrettinghisownpastweakness...(父親再次嘆氣,dJessie知道,父親已經為自己過去的軟弱后悔了幾百次

了……)”可知,作者的父親為之前的軟弱感到悔恨,因此父親是為之前的所做的事情感動后悔,故選D。

C

(2022屆北京市順義區高三一模)

Ithasalwaysbeenhorribleformetopicturemylifeinoldage.Myrecentvisitstotheseniorcarecenter,

however,easedsomeofmyfearsandprovidedvaluablefoodforthought.

Lookingformeaningfulwaystospendmyweekendsaftermyexams,Isigneduptoaprogramofartsand

craftsfortheelderlyrunbymyschoolmates.IwasinformedthattheRenciNursingHome,wheretheprogram

wouldbeheld,housedsomeofthelessfortunateelderlyinSingapore.Somebackgroundresearchgavemethe

impressionthatmanyofthemsufferedfromphysicalissuesandhadlittlefamilysupport.Asaresult,Iexpectedthe

atmospheretheretobediscouraging.And,judgingbythelackofinterestinthepaintingactivities,Itrulysenseda

feelingofpurposelessnessthere.Giventhatweliveinasocietyinwhichthebondsbetweenthegenerationsare

weakening,perhapsthedisappointingatmosphereinthehomewasn'tsurprising.Thepeoplewerecutofffromthe

tiesthatmakelifemeaningful.

Isitsafetosaythenthatourlivesafterretirementwilllikelyfeelaimless?ButafterIspoketoa

Portuguese-Chineseman,Ithoughtthatthiswasn'tnecessarilyso.Attheageof90,hedisplayedasurprisingly

strongsenseofcontroloverhislife.Hislivelinesswasexceptionalamongtheelderlypopulationinthehome.He

hadspenthislifeeithertravelingaroundtheworldasabackpacker,orworkinghardinSingaporetosaveupforhis

trips.Hehadmadeitaruletolearnforeignlanguages,exerciseandeathealthily-somethinghecontinuedtodo

duringhisstayinthenursinghome.

WhilehespoketomeabouthowhistimeinLondonhadshapedhisviewofculturaldifference.Ilookedinto

hiseyes.IknewthatthiswasthekindofcontroloverlifethatIwantedformyself.Idon'twanttospendhalfofmy

timewanderingaboutinforeigncountrieslikehedid,butIdowanttoappreciatetherichnessthatlifehastooffer.

27.WhydidtheauthorgototheRenciNurseryHome?

A.Becauseitwasrunbyhisschoolmates.B.Becausehemeanttolearnartsandcrafts.

C.Becausehewantedasignificantweekend.D.Becauseithousedsomelessfortunateelderly.

28.Beforetheauthorenteredthenursinghome,hethoughtitwas.

A.aplacefilledwithdepressionsB.aplacesolvingphysicalproblems

C.aplacefullofimpressiveactivitiesD.aplaceconnectingdifferentgenerations

29.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehisattitudetowardoldage?

A.Thehardworkoftheelderly.B.Thelivelinessofanoldman.

C.Theviewofculturaldifference.D.Thecareofthenursinghome.

30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.CaringfortheElderly.B.LivingbyHisOwnLaw.

C.TravelingonOurWayD.PreparingfortheOldAge.

【答案】27.C28.A29.B30.B

【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者想象自己晚年的生活會是一件可怕的事,然而,在去了老年護

理中心以后,緩解了恐懼并對生活充滿了感激。

27細節理解題。根據第二段第——句"Lookingformeaningfulwaystospendmyweekendsaftermyexams,Isigned

uptoaprogramofartsandcraftsfortheelderlyrunbymyschoolmates.(考試后,為了尋找有意義的方式來度

過我的周末,我報名參加了一個由我的同學為老年人開辦的藝術和手工藝項目)”可知,作者去theRenci

NurseryHome是為了尋找有意義的方式來度過周末。故選Co

28細節理解題。根據第二段第四句"Asaresult,Iexpectedtheatmospheretheretobediscouraging.(因止匕,我

預計那里的氣氛會是令人沮喪的)”可知,作者在進入養老院之前,認為那里的氣氛是令人沮喪的。故選A。

29細節理解題。根據第三段“ButafterIspoketoaPortuguese-Chineseman,Ithoughtthatthiswasn'ttnecessarily

so.Attheageof90,hedisplayedasurprisinglystrongsenseofcontroloverhislife.Hislivelinesswasexceptional

amongtheelderlypopulationinthehome.(但當我和一個葡萄牙華裔男子交談后,我覺得情況并非如此。在

90歲的時候,他表現出了一種令人驚訝的強烈的生活控制感。他在這個家里的老年人中特別活潑)”可知,

是一個活潑的90歲老年人讓作者改變了他對老年的態度。故選Bo

30主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章講述了作者在養老院遇到一位90高齡,但仍然充滿活力的老人,結合

第三段“Attheageof90,hedisplayedasurprisinglystrongsenseofcontroloverhislife.(在90歲的時候,他表

現出了一種令人驚訝的強烈的生活控制感)”和最后一段“IknewthatthiswasthekindofcontroloverlifethatI

wantedformyself.(我知道這就是我想要的那種對生活的控制)”可知,老人對生活的控制,即“做自己人生

的主人”,這種生活態度讓作者推崇備至,這也是作者想表達的主題,所以B項“按自己的法則生活”是最佳

標題。故選Bo

D

(2023屆北京市石景山區一模)

Manyofusmayexperiencedinner-tabledebates.Onecommonsceneplaysoutasfollows.Youwantto

convinceafriendorafamilymemberofsomethingyouknowtheymaydisagree,andyoushareinformationand

walkthroughyourreasoningwiththem.Still,theyrejectyourcase.Howdoyoureactwhenyourpowersof

persuasionfail?Youmightdismissthepersonwhodoesn,tagreewithyourargumentsasnarrow-minded,foolishor

otherwiseoutoftouchwithreality.Thewholeexperiencemayfeelliketryingtoguidesomeoneonajourneywhen

theyrefusetofollow.Psychologistshavecreatedaterm,persuasionfatigue,todescribethisformoffrustration(懊

惱).

Persuasionfatiguemaymakeithardertosuccessfullykeepchallengingconversations.Pastresearch

demonstratesthatfeelingfrustratedcanmakeyoumoreresistanttochangingyourmind.Italsoshowsthat

frustrationmayreduceyourabilitytorecognizewhyyourargumentsdon'tsucceed.Persuasionfatiguealso

explainswhy,whendebatesbreakdown,peopletendtoblametheirconversationalopponent.AsMarkTwainonce

wrote,cuInallmattersofopinion,ouropponentsareinsane(愚蠢的)Inpastfindings,peoplegenerallyreported

threetimesasmanyreasonswhyothers9faultsledtofaileddebatesratherthantheirownshortcomings.Itistrue

thatothersarenotalwaysopentoyourideas.Endingthediscussioncanthereforebetherightthingtodo.Butinan

overheateddebate,yourfatiguemayleadyoutomisinterpretthesituationandbelievethatyouropponentistoo

stupidtoseethetruth.Fortunately,psychologistssuggestsomesoundapproachestomanagingthesesituationsand

protectingyourrelationships.

Toreachyouraudience,itmaybeessentialtoexpressyourmessageintermsoftheirvalues,notyours.

Psychologistscallthis"moralrefraining.Infact,researchessuggestthatthesimpleactofacknowledgingvaluesof

thepeopleyou'retalkingto-tellingthemyouunderstandwherethey9recomingfrom,evenifyoudon't

agree-mayleadthemtolowertheirdefensesandopenupalittletonewarguments.

Yourfatiguemaybeevenworsebythinkingorassumingthatdebateisazero-sumstruggle-thatyouwinif,

andonlyif,youropponentloses.Butsometimesyou'rebetteroffseeinganargumentasacooperativeefforttofind

thetruth-lesslikeangryneighboursfightingovertheirpropertyline.Theneighboursmaplandtogetherby

viewingitfrommultipleangles.Similarly,debatescanhelpyoutriangulateaviewbetweenyouropinionandthe

otherperson's.

Thetendencytoblameothersforexhaustingdebateshasrealconsequences.Inourexhaustion,wemayfailto

seewhenourfrustrationsstemfromadeepdesireforconnection.Recognizingpersuasionfatigue-andhowwe

contributetoit-mayhelpuspassthroughheateddebateswithoutleavingthosewelovebehind.

31.Peoplemayexperiencepersuasionfatiguewhenthey.

A.tryinvaintoconvinceothersB.misinterpretothers9reasoning

C.adoptothers5viewsunwillinglyD.trytopersuadenarrow-mindedpeople

32.Whichisthepossibleconsequenceofpersuasionfatigue?

A.Onecan'tsticktohispointofview.B.Oneadmitshislimitsandweaknesses.

C.Onecan'tgettotherootoffaileddebates.D.Onefeelsincompetentforfurtherarguments.

33.WhydoestheauthorquoteMarkTwaininthepassage?

A.Tostresstheeffectofchangingothers'mind.B.Toconfirmthedifficultyofwinninganargument.

C.Toexplainthereasonforone'sendinganargumentD.Tosupporttheideaofone'stendencytoblame

others.

34.Whichistherecommendedsolutiontomanagingpersuasionfatigue?

A.Seeingadebateasazero-sumgame.B.Makinganeffortforcommonground.

C.Shiftingthetopictolowerothers'defenses.D.Reframingpointsbasedonone'sownvalues.

【答案】31.A32.C33.D34.B

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種現象一說服疲勞,分析了其產生的原因,并介紹了解

決的方法。

31細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Youwanttoconvinceafriendorafamilymemberofsomethingyouknowthey

maydisagree,andyoushareinformationandwalkthroughyourreasoningwiththem.Still,theyrejectyourcase.

Howdoyoureactwhenyourpowersofpersuasionfail?Youmightdismissthepersonwhodoesn'tagreewithyour

argumentsasnarrow-minded,foolishorotherwiseoutoftouchwithreality.Thewholeexperiencemayfeellike

tryingtoguidesomeoneonajourneywhentheyrefusetofollow.Psychologistshavecreatedaterm,persuasion

fatigue,todescribethisformoffrustration(懊惱).(你想說服你的朋友或家人,你知道他們可能不同意,你分享

信息,并與他們解釋你的理由。盡管如此,他們還是拒絕了你的申請。當你的說服力失效時,你會作何反

應?你可能會認為不同意你觀點的人心胸狹窄、愚蠢或與現實脫節。整個經歷可能就像在別人拒絕跟隨的

時候試圖引導他們旅行。心理學家創造了一個術語,說服疲勞,來描述這種形式的懊惱。)”可知,說服疲勞

指的是當你盡力說服對方,卻發現一切努力都是徒勞的時候所產生的懊惱感。故選A。

32細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Pastresearchdemonstratesthatfeelingfrustratedcanmakeyoumoreresistantto

changingyourmind.Italsoshowsthatfrustrationmayreduceyourabilitytorecognizewhyyourargumentsdon't

succeed.(過去的研究表明,感到沮喪會讓你更不愿意改變主意。它還表明,沮喪可能會降低你認識到為什么

你的論點不成功的能力。)”可知,這種沮喪感會讓你不愿意改變主意,也會讓你無法認清自己的說服不成功

的真實的原因。故選C。

33推理判斷題。根據文中所引用的馬克?吐溫所說的話的前一句"Persuasionfatiguealsoexplainswhy,when

debatesbreakdown,peopletendtoblametheirconversationalopponent.(說服疲勞也解釋了為什么當辯論破裂

時,人們傾向于指責他們的對話對手。)”以及馬克?吐溫所說的話“Inallmattersofopinion,ouropponentsare

insane(愚蠢的).(在所有的觀點問題上,我們的對手都是愚蠢的)”可知,作者引用馬克?吐溫所說的話是為了論

證自己的觀點,也就是當辯論不成功時,人們傾向于指責自己的談話對方。故選D。

34推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段"Butsometimesyou'rebetteroffseeinganargumentasacooperativeeffortto

findthetruth—lesslikeangryneighboursfightingovertheirpropertyline.(但有時,你最好把爭論看作是一種

尋找真相的合作努力,而不是像憤怒的鄰居為他們的財產線而爭吵一樣。戶可知,在處理說服疲勞時,我們

可以把爭論視作尋找共同點。故選B。

第二節(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)

(2023屆北京市石景山區一模)

根據短文內容,從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有項為多余選項。

Adultsareoftenembarrassedaboutaskingforaid.It'sanactthatcanmakepeoplefeelemotionally

unsafe.35Seekingassistancecanfeellikeyouarebroadcastingyourincompetence.

Newres

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論