第18講構詞法（模擬精練+真題演練）模擬精練一、用括號內所給單詞適當形式填空1．（2023·上海奉賢·統考二模）It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglishwithgreat__________.(patient)2．（2022·黑龍江鶴崗·統考模擬預測）AlthoughHanLioftengetsgoodmarksintheexam,sheisn’tgoodatChinese.Itis________(possible)forhertobeawriterinthefuture.3．（2022·江蘇無錫·江蘇省錫山高級中學實驗學校校考三模）It’shardforkangaroostowalkbackwardsbecauseofthe________(usual)shapeoftheirlegs.4．（2022·上海閔行·統考二模）Itisnotsurprisingthatdogscanexpressthemselves________andhonestly.(clear)5．（2022·山東臨沂·統考一模）Theteacherannouncedan________resultthateveryonecouldn’tbelieve.(expected)6．（2022·上海楊浦·統考一模）One________ofreadinge-booksismaybethelightingorsmallscreen.(advantage)7．（2022·上海浦東新·統考一模）Toour________,ourschoolteamwonthebasketballmatchagainthistime!（excited）8．（2021·江蘇泰州·高港實驗學校校考二模）Thegirlhas________(common)ability.Shealwayscomesupwithcreativeideas.9．（2021·江蘇揚州·校考三模）Eventhoughheis________,youaren’tsupposedtobesorude.（polite）10．（2021·江蘇鹽城·校考一模）Ifyoudosomething________(mean),youwillhaveabunchofreasonstogothroughthedayfullofenergy.11．（2021·廣西北海·校考二模）—Youlooked_________(happy)justnow.Whathappenedtoyou?—Imissedtheschoolbusandarrivedlateforclass.12．（2021·上海奉賢·統考二模）Mysisterhasbeen________sincesheenteredtheuniversity.Shehasmadealltheimportantdecisionsbyherself.(depend)13．（2021·吉林長春·統考一模）About9,000Africanelephants________(appear)inthe1990s.They’reingreatdanger.14．（2021·山東臨沂·校考一模）Inourclass,someoftheclassmates________Peteronlybecausehegetsangryeasilyandtheyevendon’tknowwhy.(like)15．（2021·內蒙古包頭·統考一模）Ashewentintotheroom,allthepeoplebecamesilent,whichmadehimveryembarrassedand________(comfortable).16．（2020·江蘇無錫·統考模擬預測）Don’ttelllies!Nooneiswillingtomakefriendswith___________people.(honest)17．（2020·江蘇南京·統考一模）Thesudden________(appear)ofasecurityguardcausedthemtodropthemoneyandrunaway.18．（2020·江蘇南京·校聯考一模）It's__________(wise)ofparentstohavefixedideasonwhattheirchildrenshouldbecomeinthefuture.19．（2020·內蒙古包頭·包頭市第二十九中學校考三模）We'realwaystoldtobe________abouteverythinginourlife.(truth)20．（2020·廣西南寧·統考一模）Itseems________(possible)tofinishthework,butIwanttohaveatry.二、單項選擇21．（2022·甘肅天水·校聯考模擬預測）Whichofthefollowingsuffixes（后綴）istheoppositeof“-ful”?A．-able B．-ness C．-ous D．-less22．（2022·甘肅武威·統考二模）Thefollowingwordsallhavethenegativeprefixes(否定前綴)EXCEPT________.A．indoor B．unhappy C．inexpensive D．impossible23．（2022·甘肅慶陽·校考模擬預測）聯合國的英文縮寫是________。A．NBA B．BBC C．UN D．HB24．（2022·江蘇鹽城·統考二模）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedlike“unimportant”?A．incorrect B．afternoon C．scientist D．hopeful25．（2021·江蘇鎮江·統考二模）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedlike“dishonest”?A．important B．international C．uncomfortable D．interviewer26．（2023·江蘇南京·校聯考一模）Whichwordisformedinthesamewayas“weekend”?A．unable B．invention C．helpless D．noticeboard27．（2022·甘肅定西·統考模擬預測）Whichofthefollowingprefixes(前綴)means“doingagain”?A．en- B．dis- C．un- D．re-28．（2021·甘肅慶陽·統考二模）whichofthefollowingprefix(前綴)doesn’tmean“no”?A．un- B．re- C．im D．dis29．（2021·江蘇南京·統考二模）Whichofthefollowingwordsiscreatedinthesamewayas“blackboard”?A．careless B．impolite C．happiness D．bookshop30．（2021·江蘇鹽城·統考一模）WhichwordcanNOTbeaddedtheprefix“in-”togiveittheoppositemeaning?A．complete B．direct C．correct D．proper31．（2021·甘肅平涼·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingsuffixes(后綴)means“negative(否定的)”?A．-ous B．-less C．-ful D．–able32．（2021·甘肅慶陽·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeaddedwiththesuffix(后綴)"-ness"?A．round B．laugh C．ill D．angry33．（2020·江蘇南京·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingwordshasthesamewordformationastheword“snowstorm”?A．helpless B．incorrect C．government D．blackboard34．（2020·江蘇鎮江·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedlike“impossible”?A．reporter B．blackboard C．dishonest D．harmless35．（2020·江蘇揚州·統考模擬預測）Whichofthefollowingsuffixesisusedtoformanadjective?A．-less B．-ness C．-tion D．-ion三、短文綜合填空（2023·福建福州·福建省福州銅盤中學校考模擬預測）ChatGPTisanewkindofcomputerprogramthatcantalktopeople.ItwasmadebyOpenAI,agroupofpeoplewhowanttousecomputerstohelptheworld.ChatGPTisverysmartb____36____itcanreadalotofwordsontheinternetandlearnfromthem.Itcanwritesentencesaboutmanythings,likescience,history,sports,andmovies.ButChatGPTisnotjustawriter.Itisalsoalisteneranda____37____(speak).Itcanunderstandwhatpeoplesayand____38____/r?'plai/tothem.ChatGPTcandomanythingsthato____39____computerprogramscannot.Forexample,itcananswermorequestions,saysorrywhenitiswrong,correctpeoplewhentheyarewrong,andsaynowhenpeopleaskforbadthings.Itcanalsomakejokes,show____40____(feel),andhaveapersonalitytomakethetalkmorefunand____41____(friend).ChatGPTcantalkaboutmanytopicswithpeople,butitdoesnotknoweverythingor____42____/'??lwe?z/givetherightanswer.Sometimesitmaywritesomethingthatdoesnotmakesense,orsaythesamethingtoomanytimes.Itmayalsochangeitsanswerifpeopleaskthesamequestionin____43____differentway.ChatGPTisstillanewthing,andOpenAIis____44____(try)tomakeitbetter.Theyalsowanttoknowwhatpeoplethinkaboutitand____45____theyuseit.TheyhopethatChatGPTcanhelppeoplelearnnewthings,havefun,andtalkbetterwitheachother.真題演練一、完型填空（2023·甘肅甘南·統考中考真題）Seancheckedthee-mailasusual.Thenhefounda(n)___1___e-mail,“Doyoustillwanttobeapoliceman?”Sean___2___thescreen,deepinthought.OnedaywhenSeanwasonly5,hisunclePaul,a___3___,drovehimhomeinhispolicecar.Seanwasinterestedinthecarandtheuniform.HedecidedtobeaherolikePaul.However,Seanfollowedhisteacher’sadviceand___4___becameareporter.Heworkedinanewspaper___5___hewas30yearsold.Thenhechangedseveraljobsbutnothingmadehimreallyhappy.Actuallyhehadneverreally___6___hischildhooddream.Hiswifecouldnotstandthisandlefthim.Seangotintoa(n)___7___situation.HehadtomovebacktoStIgnace,wherehisdadlived.Whenhisfatherencouragedhimtosearchforanewjob,the___8___came.Phoenix,2,100milesawayfromStIgnace,wasingreatneedofpolicemen.Sean,nearly40yearsold,finallydecidedtocatchit.Inordertopassthetesttogetthejob,Seanbegan___9___everyday,andfinallypassedit.“Ittookme35years.Butapromiseisapromise.Howmanypeoplecansaytheyachievetheirlife’sdreams?”Seansays.“I___10___it.Itjustproves（證明）thatit’snevertoolateanditisworthalltheeffortsandenergy.”1．A．common B．unexpected C．uncomfortable2．A．staredat B．fixedup C．calledin3．A．driver B．programmer C．policeofficer4．A．nearly B．gradually C．finally5．A．till B．after C．when6．A．madeup B．givenup C．shownup7．A．boring B．interesting C．embarrassing8．A．chance B．courage C．power9．A．fighting B．training C．competing10．A．made B．missed C．arrived二、用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空，每空一詞。（2019·內蒙古·統考中考真題）11．Therearemany________(different)betweenthetwins.Oneisshy,buttheotherisoutgoing.12．Toachieveourdreams,wemusttakeeverylifechoice________(serious).13．Ifmorepeoplegiveup________(drive)cars,theairwillgetmuchcleaner.14．Nothingis________(possible)ifyousetyourmindtoit.15．Thepoor________(home)oftendidhishomeworkinthestreetbythelightofarestaurant.

第18講構詞法（模擬精練+真題演練）模擬精練一、用括號內所給單詞適當形式填空1．（2023·上海奉賢·統考二模）It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglishwithgreat__________.(patient)【答案】patience【詳解】句意：非常感謝你耐心地幫助我學習英語。根據“withgreat...”可知，空處應填名詞；patient“耐心的”，形容詞，名詞形式為patience，不可數名詞。故填patience。2．（2022·黑龍江鶴崗·統考模擬預測）AlthoughHanLioftengetsgoodmarksintheexam,sheisn’tgoodatChinese.Itis________(possible)forhertobeawriterinthefuture.【答案】impossible【詳解】句意：雖然李涵經常在考試中取得好成績，但她不擅長語文。她將來不可能成為作家。根據空前的is可知，這里需要形容詞作表語，由語境“isn’tgoodatChinese”可知，這里表示“不可能”成為作家。故填impossible。3．（2022·江蘇無錫·江蘇省錫山高級中學實驗學校校考三模）It’shardforkangaroostowalkbackwardsbecauseofthe________(usual)shapeoftheirlegs.【答案】unusual【詳解】句意：由于袋鼠不尋常的腿部形狀，它們很難向后走。根據句意，袋鼠之所以很難向后走，是由于腿部形狀不同尋常。空白處應填入形容詞，修飾名詞shape。括號內所給詞usual意為“尋常的”，需要添加否定前綴un，變為unusual，意為“不尋常的”。故填unusual。4．（2022·上海閔行·統考二模）Itisnotsurprisingthatdogscanexpressthemselves________andhonestly.(clear)【答案】clearly【詳解】句意：狗能清晰而誠實地表達自己，這并不奇怪。根據“andhonestly”可知，空處應用副詞修飾動詞express，與honestly構成并列關系，clear的副詞是clearly“清晰地”。故填clearly。5．（2022·山東臨沂·統考一模）Theteacherannouncedan________resultthateveryonecouldn’tbelieve.(expected)【答案】unexpected【詳解】句意：老師宣布了一個大家都不敢相信的意外結果。根據“everyonecouldn’tbelieve”可知老師宣布了一個令人意想不到的結果，結合空格前的不定冠詞an，可知用unexpected“出乎意料的”，形容詞作定語。故填unexpected。6．（2022·上海楊浦·統考一模）One________ofreadinge-booksismaybethelightingorsmallscreen.(advantage)【答案】(d)isadvantage【詳解】閱讀電子書的不利因素之一也許是光線或小屏幕。結合語境“thelightingorsmallscreen”是閱讀電子書的不利因素，故填(d)isadvantage。7．（2022·上海浦東新·統考一模）Toour________,ourschoolteamwonthebasketballmatchagainthistime!（excited）【答案】excitement【詳解】句意：使我們興奮的是，我們校隊這次又贏得了籃球比賽。excited形容詞；根據空前的“Toour”可知，應該填的是excited的名詞excitement“興奮”，故填excitement。8．（2021·江蘇泰州·高港實驗學校校考二模）Thegirlhas________(common)ability.Shealwayscomesupwithcreativeideas.【答案】uncommon【詳解】句意：這個女孩有非凡的才能。她總是能想出有創意的主意。common一般的，形容詞；根據“Shealwayscomesupwithcreativeideas.”可知，空處指的是不一般的才能，用common的反義詞uncommon作定語。故填uncommon。9．（2021·江蘇揚州·校考三模）Eventhoughheis________,youaren’tsupposedtobesorude.（polite）【答案】impolite【詳解】句意：雖然他沒有禮貌，但是你不應該這么粗魯。空格處缺少形容詞作表語，根據“youaren'tsupposedtobesorude”可知，句子意思表示轉折關系，指雖然他沒有禮貌，但是你不應該這么粗魯，故形容詞polite“有禮貌的”要加前綴變成impolite“沒有禮貌的”。故填impolite。10．（2021·江蘇鹽城·校考一模）Ifyoudosomething________(mean),youwillhaveabunchofreasonstogothroughthedayfullofenergy.【答案】meaningful【詳解】句意：如果你做了一些有意義的事情，你就會有一大堆理由讓你精力充沛地度過一天。根據“something”以及“不定代詞+形容詞”可知，此空需要mean的形容詞修飾something，結合句意可知，meaningful符合語境。故填meaningful。11．（2021·廣西北海·校考二模）—Youlooked_________(happy)justnow.Whathappenedtoyou?—Imissedtheschoolbusandarrivedlateforclass.【答案】unhappy【詳解】句意：——你剛才看起來不高興。你怎么了？——我沒趕上校車，上課遲到了。根據答語“Imissedtheschoolbusandarrivedlateforclass.”可知，我沒趕上校車，上課遲到了。由此說明“我”很不高興。happy高興，形容詞，不高興，英語表達為：unhappy。故填unhappy。12．（2021·上海奉賢·統考二模）Mysisterhasbeen________sincesheenteredtheuniversity.Shehasmadealltheimportantdecisionsbyherself.(depend)【答案】independent【詳解】句意：我的姐妹自從進了大學就變得獨立了。所有重要的決定都是她自己做的。been后應跟形容詞作表語，根據“Shehasmadealltheimportantdecisionsbyherself”可知，此處應指的是“獨立的”，用depend對應的形容詞dependent的反義詞independent表示。故填independent。13．（2021·吉林長春·統考一模）About9,000Africanelephants________(appear)inthe1990s.They’reingreatdanger.【答案】disappeared【詳解】句意：20世紀90年代，大約有9000頭非洲大象消失了。它們處境非常危險。根據“They’reingreatdanger”可知，處于危險之中，說明有許多大象已經消失，數量越來越少，disappear“消失”，根據“inthe1990s”可知，句子是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填disappeared。14．（2021·山東臨沂·校考一模）Inourclass,someoftheclassmates________Peteronlybecausehegetsangryeasilyandtheyevendon’tknowwhy.(like)【答案】dislike【詳解】句意：在我們班，有些同學不喜歡彼得只是因為他很容易生氣，而且他們甚至都不知道為什么。根據“hegetsangryeasily”可知他很容易生氣，結合所給單詞，可推測出是不喜歡，用like的反義詞dislike。故填dislike。15．（2021·內蒙古包頭·統考一模）Ashewentintotheroom,allthepeoplebecamesilent,whichmadehimveryembarrassedand________(comfortable).【答案】uncomfortable【詳解】句意：當他走進房間時，所有的人都沉默了，這使他非常尷尬和不舒服。并列連詞and前后的成分應是對等的，連詞前為形容詞，其后也應為形容詞；又因為“embarrassed（尷尬的）”為消極詞匯，所以“comfortable（舒服的)”應變成其反義詞“uncomfortable（不舒服的）”。故填uncomfortable。16．（2020·江蘇無錫·統考模擬預測）Don’ttelllies!Nooneiswillingtomakefriendswith___________people.(honest)【答案】dishonest【詳解】句意：不要撒謊！沒有人愿意和不誠實的人交朋友。根據“Nooneiswillingtomakefriendswith”可知是不愿和不誠實的人撒謊；honest“誠實的”要加否定前綴dis表示“不誠實的”。故填dishonest。17．（2020·江蘇南京·統考一模）Thesudden________(appear)ofasecurityguardcausedthemtodropthemoneyandrunaway.【答案】appearance【詳解】句意：保安的突然出現使他們扔下錢逃跑了。句中“______(appear)ofasecurityguard”為of所有格，故空格處應為所給單詞的名詞形式appearance“出現”，可數名詞，此處用其單數形式。故填appearance。18．（2020·江蘇南京·校聯考一模）It's__________(wise)ofparentstohavefixedideasonwhattheirchildrenshouldbecomeinthefuture.【答案】unwise【詳解】句意：父母對他們的孩子將來應該成為什么有固定的想法是不明智的。本句為“It's+形容詞+ofsbtodosth”句式，故空格處應為形容詞。分析句意可知，父母對孩子以后成為什么有固定的想法是不明智的，故此處應為形容詞unwise“不明智的”。故填unwise。19．（2020·內蒙古包頭·包頭市第二十九中學校考三模）We'realwaystoldtobe________abouteverythinginourlife.(truth)【答案】truthful【詳解】句意：我們總是被告知在生活中每件事都要誠實。句子成分分析，空格處缺少形容詞，故名詞truth要轉化為形容詞truthful誠實的。故答案填truthful。20．（2020·廣西南寧·統考一模）Itseems________(possible)tofinishthework,butIwanttohaveatry.【答案】impossible【詳解】句意：完成這項工作似乎不可能，但我想試一試。“seem+形容詞”意為“好像……”，可知此處填形容詞；下文“butIwanttohaveatry”根據but的句意轉折可知，此處指不可能；要用possible的反義詞impossible。故填impossible。二、單項選擇21．（2022·甘肅天水·校聯考模擬預測）Whichofthefollowingsuffixes（后綴）istheoppositeof“-ful”?A．-able B．-ness C．-ous D．-less【答案】D【詳解】句意：以下哪個后綴是“-ful”的反義詞？考查構詞法。-able能……的，會……的，可以……的；-ness……的性質；-ous擁有，具有或充滿；-less沒有，無。根據“-ful”可知，此后綴表示“充滿”，故其反義詞為“沒有，無”。故選D。22．（2022·甘肅武威·統考二模）Thefollowingwordsallhavethenegativeprefixes(否定前綴)EXCEPT________.A．indoor B．unhappy C．inexpensive D．impossible【答案】A【詳解】句意：除“indoor”外，以下單詞都有否定前綴。考查單詞的構成。indoor室內的，形容詞，沒有否定前綴；unhappy不快樂的，在happy的基礎上加否定前綴un；inexpensive廉價的，在expensive的基礎上加否定前綴in；impossible不可能的，在possible的基礎上加否定前綴im。因此沒有否定前綴的單詞是indoor。故選A。23．（2022·甘肅慶陽·校考模擬預測）聯合國的英文縮寫是________。A．NBA B．BBC C．UN D．HB【答案】C【詳解】句意：聯合國的英文縮寫是UN。考查常識。NBA美國職業籃球聯賽；BBC英國廣播公司；UN聯合國；HB厚膛壁身管。聯合國縮寫是UN。故選C。24．（2022·江蘇鹽城·統考二模）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedlike“unimportant”?A．incorrect B．afternoon C．scientist D．hopeful【答案】A【詳解】句意：下面哪個單詞的構成形式類似于“unimportant”？考查構詞法。incorrect不正確的，correct前加否定前綴in-；afternoon下午，是after和noon合成；scientist科學家，把science中的ce變成t，再加ist；hopeful充滿希望的，hope后面加后綴-ful。單詞“unimportant”是important前加否定前綴im-而來，與A選項的構成方法相同。故選A。25．（2021·江蘇鎮江·統考二模）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedlike“dishonest”?A．important B．international C．uncomfortable D．interviewer【答案】C【詳解】句意：以下哪個詞的構詞類似于“dishonest”？考查構詞法。important重要的；international國際的；uncomfortable不舒服的；interviewer采訪者。dishonest中dis-是否定前綴，加在“honest誠實的”前面，dishonest意為“不誠實的”；結合選項，un-是個否定前綴，加在“comfortable舒服的”前面，uncomfortable不舒服的。dis-和un-都是否定前綴。故選C。26．（2023·江蘇南京·校聯考一模）Whichwordisformedinthesamewayas“weekend”?A．unable B．invention C．helpless D．noticeboard【答案】D【詳解】句意：哪一個單詞的構成方式與“weekend”的構成方式相同？考查構詞法。unable不能，由able加否定前綴構成；invention發明，由invent加名詞后綴構成；helpless無助的，由help加形容詞后綴構成；noticeboard通知欄，由notice“通知”和board“板”構成。題中的weekend“周末”是由week“周”和end“結束”構成。由此可知weekend和noticeboard構詞法相同，為合成詞，其他均為派生詞。故選D。27．（2022·甘肅定西·統考模擬預測）Whichofthefollowingprefixes(前綴)means“doingagain”?A．en- B．dis- C．un- D．re-【答案】D【詳解】句意：下列哪個前綴表示“再做一次”？考查前綴。en-表示“放進”；dis-表示“表示不同意，反對或者分開，分離”；un-表示“不，無，未，非”；re-表示“再，重新”。故選D。28．（2021·甘肅慶陽·統考二模）whichofthefollowingprefix(前綴)doesn’tmean“no”?A．un- B．re- C．im D．dis【答案】B【詳解】句意：下面哪個前綴不是“不”的意思?考查前綴辨析，-un、-im、dis三者都有否定意義，例如unhappy“不開心的”；impolite“不禮貌的”；dislike“不喜歡”。-re是含有“再，又”的含義，例如review“復習”，故選B。29．（2021·江蘇南京·統考二模）Whichofthefollowingwordsiscreatedinthesamewayas“blackboard”?A．careless B．impolite C．happiness D．bookshop【答案】D【詳解】句意：下列哪個單詞和“blackboard”的構詞法相同？考查構詞法。careless粗心的，它是由care+后綴less構成的形容詞；impolite無禮貌的，它是由前綴im(表示否定)+polite構成的形容詞；happiness幸福，它是由happy(把y變i)+后綴ness構成的名詞；bookshop書店，它是由book+shop構成的合成詞；blackboard黑板，它是由black+board構成的合成詞。因此“bookshop”與“blackboard”的構詞法相同。故選D。30．（2021·江蘇鹽城·統考一模）WhichwordcanNOTbeaddedtheprefix“in-”togiveittheoppositemeaning?A．complete B．direct C．correct D．proper【答案】D【詳解】句意：哪個詞不能加前綴“in-”來賦予它相反的意思？考查構詞法。complete完整的；direct直接的；correct正確的；proper恰當的；根據構詞法，詞語如果是b；m；p開頭，一般用im前綴；故選D。31．（2021·甘肅平涼·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingsuffixes(后綴)means“negative(否定的)”?A．-ous B．-less C．-ful D．–able【答案】B【詳解】句意：哪一個后綴意味著“否定的”？考查單詞后綴。根據常識可知，less的后綴是有否定含義的后綴，故選B。32．（2021·甘肅慶陽·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeaddedwiththesuffix(后綴)"-ness"?A．round B．laugh C．ill D．angry【答案】C【詳解】句意：下面哪一個單詞可以加后綴“-ness”？考查構詞法。round形容詞，圓的；laugh動詞，笑；ill形容詞，生病的；angry形容詞，生氣的。根據構詞法可知選項中只有“ill”可以派生成名詞“illness”。故選C。33．（2020·江蘇南京·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingwordshasthesamewordformationastheword“snowstorm”?A．helpless B．incorrect C．government D．blackboard【答案】D【詳解】句意：以下哪個詞與“暴風雪”一詞具有相同的構詞法？考查構詞法。helpless無助的；incorrect不正確的；government政府；blackboard黑板。ABC屬于構詞法中的派生法，通過加詞根或詞綴變成不同的詞性。D屬于black+board的合成詞，與snowstorm一樣。故選D。34．（2020·江蘇鎮江·統考一模）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedlike“impossible”?A．reporter B．blackboard C．dishonest D．harmless【答案】C【詳解】題意：下列哪一個單詞的組成形式與單詞“impossible”相同？考查構詞法。A.reporter記者，report加后綴-er；B.blackboard黑板，black和board合成；C.dishonest不誠實的，honest加前綴dis-；D.harmless無害的，harm加后綴-less。單詞“impossible”為possible加前綴im-而來，與C選項的構成方法相同，故選C。35．（2020·江蘇揚州·統考模擬預測）Whichofthefollowingsuffixesisusedtoformanadjective?A．-less B．-ness C．-tion D．-ion【答案】A【詳解】句意：下列哪個后綴用來構成形容詞？考查單詞的構詞。-less是構成形容詞的后綴；-ness是構成名詞的后綴；-tion是構成名詞的后綴；-ion是構成名詞的后綴，故選A。三、短文綜合填空（2023·福建福州·福建省福州銅盤中學校考模擬預測）ChatGPTisanewkindofcomputerprogramthatcantalktopeople.ItwasmadebyOpenAI,agroupofpeoplewhowanttousecomputerstohelptheworld.ChatGPTisverysmartb____36____itcanreadalotofwordsontheinternetandlearnfromthem.Itcanwritesentencesaboutmanythings,likescience,history,sports,andmovies.ButChatGPTisnotjustawriter.Itisalsoalisteneranda____37____(speak).Itcanunderstandwhatpeoplesayand____38____/r?'plai/tothem.ChatGPTcandomanythingsthato____39____computerprogramscannot.Forexample,itcananswermorequestions,saysorrywhenitiswrong,correctpeoplewhentheyarewrong,andsaynowhenpeopleaskforbadthings.Itcanalsomakejokes,show____40____(feel),andhaveapersonalitytomakethetalkmorefunand____41____(friend).ChatGPTcantalkaboutmanytopicswithpeople,butitdoesnotknoweverythingor____42____/'??lwe?z/givetherightanswer.Sometimesitmaywritesomethingthatdoesnotmakesense,orsaythesamethingtoomanytimes.Itmayalsochangeitsanswerifpeopleaskthesamequestionin____43____differentway.ChatGPTisstillanewthing,andOpenAIis____44____(try)tomakeitbetter.Theyalsowanttoknowwhatpeoplethinkaboutitand____45____theyuseit.TheyhopethatChatGPTcanhelppeoplelearnnewthings,havefun,andtalkbetterwitheachother.【答案】36．(b)ecause37．speaker38．reply39．(o)ther40．feelings41．friendly42．always43．a44．trying45．how【導語】本文是說明文，介紹了一個新的計算機程序——ChatGPT。36．句意：ChatGPT非常智能，因為它閱讀互聯網上的大量單詞并從中學習。根據句意，后半句表明ChatGPT非常智能的原因。故填(b)ecause。37．句意：它還是一個傾聽者和演講者。根據前文的“writer”和“listener”可知，空格處與它們并列，表明ChatGPT可以充當什么角色，結合提示詞speak，此處應填speaker。故填speaker。38．句意：它能理解人們說的話并回復他們。分析句子結構，此處應填動詞，結合音標提示，應填reply表示“回復”。故填reply。39．句意：ChatGPT能做很多其他計算機程序不能做的事情。由文章第一句可知，ChatGPT是一種計算機程序，因此這里是指與其他計算機程序相比，ChatGPT能做更多的事情。結合首字母提示，空格處應填other“其他的”。故填(o)ther。40．句意：它能開玩笑、表達感情，還富有個性，能使談話更有趣，更友好。show后接名詞，結合句意，此處指的是表達“感情”，feeling意為“感情”，作可數名詞，在這里應用復數形式表示各種感情。故填feelings。41．句意：它能開玩笑、表達感情，還富有個性，能使談話更有趣，更友好。這里用固定搭配“makesth.+形容詞”表示“使某物……”，由and可知，空格處與fun為并列關系，應填形容詞friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。42．句意：ChatGPT能和人們談論很多話題，但它并不是什么都知道，也不總是能回答正確。結合音標，對應單詞是always“總是”。故填always。43．句意：如果人們以不同的方式問同樣的問題，它也可能會改變答案。根據句意，此處為固定短語ina(n)...way，表示“用一種……的方式”。different以輔音音素開頭，不定冠詞要用a。故填a。44．句意：CHatGPT仍是一個新事物，OpenAI正嘗試著優化它。由is可知，此處應填try的現在分詞形式，與is構成現在進行時的謂語結構。故填trying。45．句意：他們也想知道人們對它有什么看法以及怎樣使用它。分析句子結構，空格處引導賓語從句，結合“theyuseit”可知，這里表示人們怎樣使用ChatGPT，應用how來引導從句。故填how。真題演練一、完型填空（2023·甘肅甘南·統考中考真題）Seancheckedthee-mailasusual.Thenhefounda(n)___1___e-mail,“Doyoustillwanttobeapoliceman?”Sean___2___thescreen,deepinthought.OnedaywhenSeanwasonly5,hisunclePaul,a___3___,drovehimhomeinhispolicecar.Seanwasinterestedinthecarandtheuniform.HedecidedtobeaherolikePaul.However,Seanfollowedhisteacher’sadviceand___4___becameareporter.Heworkedinanewspaper___5___hewas30yearsold.Thenhechangedseveraljobsbutnothingmadehimreallyhappy.Actuallyhehadneverreally___6___hischildhooddream.Hiswifecouldnotstandthisandlefthim.Seangotintoa(n)___7___situation.HehadtomovebacktoStIgnace,wherehisdadlived.Whenhisfatherencouragedhimtosearchforanewjob,the___8___came.Phoenix,2,100milesawayfromStIgnace,wasingreatneedofpolicemen.Sean,nearly40yearsold,finallydecidedtocatchit.Inordertopassthetesttogetthejob,Seanbegan___9___everyday,andfinallypassedit.“Ittookme35years.Butapromiseisapromise.Howmanypeoplecansaytheyachievetheirlife’sdreams?”Seansays.“I___10___it.Itjustproves（證明）thatit’snevertoolateanditisworthalltheeffortsandenergy.”1．A．common B．unexpected C．uncomfortable2．A．staredat B．fixedup C．calledin3．A．driver B．programmer C．policeofficer4．A．nearly B．gradually C．finally5．A．till B．after C．when6．A．madeup B．givenup C．shownup7．A．boring B．interesting C．embarrassing8．A．chance B．courage C．power9．A．fighting B．training C．competing10．A．made B．missed C．arrived【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．C5．C6．B7．C8．A9．B10．A【導語】本文主要講述的是肖恩從小夢想做警察，但是由于各種各樣的原因他沒能成為警察。但他終于成為了一名警察。告訴我們實現夢想永遠都