人教版通用-初三英語(yǔ)上期末摸底測(cè)試1.Whenwethinkofagrocerystore,weusuallypictureaislesoffoodandeverydaynecessities.Butsometimes,it’salsowhereunexpectedstoreintoabackdropforheartwarminghumanconnections.EllieWalker,ataBritishgrocerystore,wasknownforherfriendlydemeanor.Ellieareformed,turningasimpleenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomersbutneverimpactherlife.howdeeplytheseinteractionscouldItwasduringoneoftheseconversationsthatEllieencounteredEdwinHolmes,anthathehadnoonetospendChristmaswith.elderlyregularcustomer,whoThisrevelationachordinEllie’sheart,asshecouldn’tbearthethoughtofEdwinspendingthefestiveseasonalone.Edwinhadlosthiswifein2006after45yearsofmarriage.Hisfamily,includingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia,makingitholidays.ThisleftEdwinfacingtheprospectofaUpsetaboutEdwin’ssituation.ElliedecidedtohimtojoinherforaChristmasmeal,hopingtoforbothofthem.forthemtobetogetherduringtheChristmas.agestureofkindness.Sheinvitedamemorableandjoyousexperience“Ithought,ifitwasmygranddadandhewasalone,Iwouldwantsomeonetotalktohim.”Ellie’sinvitationtoEdwinwasmorethanjustakindfriendship.itwasastartoftheirFromthatmemorableChristmasdinner,abeautifulfriendship.EllieandEdwinbeganmeetingregularlyforcoffee,sharingstoriesandenjoyingeachother’s.Theirrelationship,whichstartedwithameaningfulandenduringfriendship.conversationsinagrocerystore,had1.A.techniques2.A.candidate3.A.planned4.A.routine5.A.6.A.charged7.A.cautious8.A.lonelyB.bondsC.ideasD.stepsB.participantB.meantC.employeeC.C.bitterD.volunteerD.anticipatedD.amusingD.D.B.positiveB.B.B.impossibleB.warmC.C.struckC.competitiveC.D.sympatheticD.delightfulD.assign9.A.extendB.commandC.discipline10.A.allowB.begC.D.11.A.fearB.prejudiceB.stressedB.comfortB.casualC.gestureD.temptationD.D.leisure12.A.conducted13.A.company14.A.delicate15.A.putaboutC.blossomedC.entertainmentC.difficultD.potentialD.B.inC.struggledfor2.GreatBooksSummerProgramdeliversexcellentpreparationforseminar-stylecollegeclassesandtheSATcriticalthinkingsection.WearethrilledtoannounceSummer2022On-Campusprogramsarereturning.Enrollment（注冊(cè)）isopen.Makeyourplanstoday!Program1:GreatBooks&Writer'sWorkshopatPepperdineUniversityMalibu,CAForRisingGrades6-8andGrades9—12OneandTwo-WeekProgramsChoosetheone-weekSeminarandDiscussionprogram.SelectWriter'sWorkshopforstudentseagertoexploretheartofcreativewriting.Or,stayforboth!One-weekTuition:＄2695Two-weekTuition:＄5390Program2:GreatBooks&Writer'sWorkshopatAmherstCollegeAmherst,MAForRisingGrades6-8andGrades9—12OneandTwo-WeekProgramsWewillbeofferingSeminarandDiscussionprogramsandaWriter'sWorkshopforstudentseagertoexploretheartofwritinginallforms.One-weekTuition:＄2495Two-weekTuition:＄4990Program3:GreatBooksatStanfordUniversityStanford,CAForRisingGrades6-8andGrades9—12OneandTwo-WeekProgramsYoungpeoplegathertoexperiencereadingandlifeatStanfordUniversity.JoinusforoneweekortwoofGreatBooksSeminarandDiscussionprograms!One-weekTuition:＄2995Two-weekTuition:＄5990Program4:ATallShipAdventureForRisingGrades9—12SailfromBangortoPortland,MEOneWeekProgramGreatBooksisexcitedtoannouncethesecondyearofTalesoftheSea:aTallShipAdventure.Thisprogramforhighschoolstudentsmarriesthestudyofmaritimeliteraturewithlivingandlearningtosail.Timewillbesplitbetweenseminaranddiscussionandsailingeducationwithvisitstocoastalislands.One-weekTuition:＄2995Note:Allon-campusprogramshaveMaterials&Eventsfeesof＄225foroneweekand＄475fortwo.（1）Howmuchdoesanapplicantpayintotalforaone-weekprogramatStanfordUniversity?A.＄2995.（2）Whichprogramwillyouchooseifyouwanttodooutdoorpractice?A.Program1.B.Program2.C.Program3.D.Program4.B.＄3220.C.＄3470.D.＄3945.（3）Whatdothefouron-campusprogramshaveincommon?A.Theyclasses.B.Theystudentsforthetest.C.Theydesignedforjuniorhighstudents.D.Theyaimstudents'writingskills.3.Fouryearsago,FredwasonhiswaytoworkwhenheaccidentallyfellontothetracksofBrooklyn'strainasasubwaytrainwascoming.Theincidentcausedthelossofbothofhislegs.Butsurprisingly,withthelossofhislegs,Fredgainedanewpassionforracing.Beforehisaccident.hewasn'treallythatathletic.Hewouldjustoccasionally（偶爾地）playbasketball.Butthatallchangedafterhewasintroducedtohandcycling（手搖自行車(chē)運(yùn)動(dòng)）."WhenIsawit.Iwaslike,'Oh,thisisgreat.Youdon'tevenneedlegstouseit,thisisperfect."hesaid."So,Igotonit,Irodeandfellinlovewithitrightaway."Withinafewmonths,hecompletedtheTDFiveBoroBikeTour,a40-mileridethroughNewYorkCity.Afterthat,hedidhisfirstmarathon（馬拉松）in2021.Hefinishedthatracein2hoursand11minutes,placing12thoutof38."I'mgoingtoattendthisyear'smarathonandtakeonchallenges.Myhandsareonthewheel,myeyesarefocused,andIthinkmytimeisgoingtospeakforitself,"hesaid.He'smadeasignificantcommitmenttotraining.Herideshishandcycleatleast13.1milesacoupletimesaweekandspendsalotoftimeinthegym.Andheplanstokeeppursuinghisathletegoals.HewantstocompletetheAbbottSix-theworld'ssixlargestmarathons.Oneday,hesaid,"I'llmaybeevenmakeittotheParalympics."Forthosewhomightbefollowinghisjourney,hehopestheywilltakesomelessonsfromhisstory."Therewillbeupsanddownsbutthetrend（趨勢(shì)）iswhat'simportant,focusonthegood,"hesaid."Andalso,takeyourbigproblemsanddividethemintosmallsolutions,andthenallofasudden,yourbigproblemsturnintomanysmallwins."（1）HowdidtheaccidenthappentoFred?A.trainsraneachB.Thetrainmightleavethetracks.C.Thetrainmightrunoverhislegs.D.Hefellthetracksonhiswayhome.（2）WhendidFredshowinterestinhandcycling?A.Theminutehesawthesport.B.helostbothhislegs.C.Afterhehadpracticedthesportforseveraltimes.D.Afterhewatchedothersridehandcyclesforsometime.（3）Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytellus?A.Thewaythatridesahandcycle.B.introducingthismarathon.C.partinthecompetition.D.Thewhyspendsalottimeinthegym.（4）HowcanwebestdescribeFred?A.Determined.B.C.Generous.D.Careful.4.WorkingwithARIAResearch,astartupdevelopingvisionfortheblind,PhoebePengisusingtechnologicallyadvancedhumanecholocation（回聲定位）thatenablesblinduserstoperceivetheirsurroundingsinprecisedetail.Theprocessuseseventcameraswhich,unlikenormalcamerasthattakecompleteimagesofascene,trackchangesinanimageovertime,makingthemidealfortheobservationofsmallobjectsliketabletennisballs.Theimagesarethenprocessedintosoundusingaspecialisedalgorithm（算法）.Thisisthencommunicatedbacktotheplayerviaalotofloudspeakers,ultimatelywiththeaimofallowingplayerstotracktheballandmovementsusingsounds.AccordingtoPeng,tabletennismakesaperfecttestcaseforthekindoftechnologybeingdevelopedbyARIAResearch."Tabletennishasbeenplayedfordecadesasamoreaccessibleversionoftennis.Thesportisbeginner-friendlywhilemaintainingarichlevelofcompetitiveplay.However,likemanysports,itremainsdifficultforpeoplewhosuffervisionlossorhavelowvision,"saidMsPeng,whowillsooncompleteaBachelorofEngineeringinSoftwareEngineering."Thesmallsizeoftheballandtable,alongwiththemovementoftheballin3Dspace,arethingsthatmaketabletennisdifficulttoplayforthosewithlowvisionandcompleteblindness,"saidPeng,whoiscompletingtheworkforherdegree."Makingthissportmoreaccessiblewhilealsoexploringthepotentialofeventcamerasweremytwobiggestmotivators,"shesaid.Inonestudy,usingtwoperfectlypositionedcameras,MsPengwasabletoidentifyandtrackaballinthreedimensionsinrealtime.Shethenfedthatdataintoanalgorithmcontrollingtheloudspeakersstandingalongthesidesofthetable,whichcreatedasoundfieldmatchingthepositionoftheball.Whiletheresultsarepromising,moreexperimentationwillbeneededbeforethesystemwillbereadyforactualplay."Therearelimitationsonhowaccuratelypeoplecanperceivesoundlocalisation.Whattypeofsoundshouldbeused?Shouldthesoundbecontinuous?Thisiswhatwe'llbetacklinginthenextstageofdevelopment,"saidMsPeng.（1）Howareeventcamerasdifferentfromnormalones?A.Theycanhavesoundslocated.B.Theywithloudspeakers.C.Theyconstantlyfollowimagechanges.D.Theycompleteimagesascene.（2）Whatmakestabletennisaperfecttestcasefortheresearch?A.Itsuniquefeature.B.Itscompetition.C.ItstechnicalD.Its（3）Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutconcerningthestudy?A.Itsinspiringresults.B.Itspromisingfuture.C.Itspracticalapplications.D.Itstechnologicalchallenge.（4）Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OpensupBlindB.BlindinC.EventCamerafortheDisabledD.AlgorithmHelpsImaginationSound5.Ifyou'reeatingprotein（蛋白質(zhì)）,youcouldbeswallowinghundredsoftinypiecesofplasticeachyear,researchfinds.AnewstudybyresearcherswiththenonprofitOceanConservancyandtheUniversityofTorontofoundmicroplastics—tinyparticlesrangingfromonemicrometertoahalf-centimeterinsize—innearly90percentofproteinfoodsamplestested.TheresearchersanalyzedmorethanadozendifferenttypesofcommonproteinsthatcouldwindupontheaverageAmerican'splate,includingseafood,pork,beef,chicken,tofuandseveralplant-basedmeatalternatives.TheyestimatedthatanAmericanadultcouldconsume,onaverage,atleast11,000microplasticpiecesperyear.Thestudy'sfindingsprovidefurtherevidenceoftheavailabilityofsmallplasticparticles—whichhavebeendiscoveredeverywherefromAntarcticsnowtoinsidehumanbodies—andhowtheycanendupinthefoodweeatandthewaterwedrink."Whilewestillreallydon'thaveanyideawhatthehumanhealthconsequencesofthisare,ifthereareanyatall,weneedtotakethisseriouslybecausethisisaproblemthat'snotgoingawayonitsown,andit'sonlygoingtogetworsethemoreplasticweuseandthrowaway,"Leonardsaid.ButLeonardandotherexpertscautionedagainstusingthefindingstodrawfinalconclusionsabouthowmicroplasticscandirtyfoodandtheamountofplasticthatcouldbehidinginproteins.Thestudy'ssamplesizewasnotbigenoughandtheresearchersnotedthattherewashighvariabilityinmicroplasticconcentrationsinthesamples.Theresearchersalsoonlycountedmicroplasticparticlesthatwerelargerthanorequalinsizeto45micrometers."Itjusthighlightsthatweneedtodomoreresearch,"saidBiancaDatta,afoodscientistnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.（1）Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theplasticparticles.B.Theresearchers'C.Thefoodsonadiningtable.D.Theconclusionthe（2）WhatisLeonard'sattitudetowardsthefindings?A.Cautious.B.Critical.C.Confident.D.Concerned.（3）Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthelastparagraph?A.showthelimitationtheB.highlightthedangermicroplasticconcentrations.C.appealforenvironmentalprotection.D.theurgencythe（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?A.awayplasticsB.effectsfoodprocessingD.ApoisonedfoodsystemC.maybeeatingplastics6.them?Ifso,you'reexperiencingwhatresearcherscalltimepoverty..Thestandardreplyto"Howareyou?"isoften"I'msobusy!"ManypeoplefinditDoyoufeelliketherearetoomanythingstodoinaday,butnotenoughtimetodo1increasinglydifficulttosparetimetoseefriends,pursueahobby,ortakeavacation.Somepeopleeventakegreatprideinhowbusytheyarebecauseit'sbecomeastatussymbol.2.Fortunately,herearespecificstepswecantaketofeelmoretimeaffluent（富足的）andmoresociallyconnected.Ifyouwantasatisfyingsociallife,buytimeforit.Youmightpaytohaveadislikedhouseworkdonebyothers,getadirectflightinsteadofacheaperonewithastopover,orpayextratodrivethefastestroutehome.kids.3,likecallingafriendorhangingoutwithyourAnotherwaytogetmoretimeistogiveitaway.Inonestudy,researchersaskedpeopletodevotepartoftheirSaturdaymorningtodoingsomethingforthemselvesthattheyweren'talreadyplanningtodoordoingsomethingforsomeoneelse.Thepeoplewhogaveawaytheirtimelaterfeltliketheyhadmoreofit.Ifyouhavetoomanythingstodoandnotenoughtimetodothem,trytocutbackonsomethings..Youcanprobablychoosetoslowdownalittleandmakemoretimefor4.5casualchatswithco-workersandunplannedget-togetherswithfriends.A.TimepovertyisasignthetimesB.HelpingothersexpandsoursensetimeC.BuyingtimeisagoodwaytheboredomtasksD.ThechoiceswithourtimegreatlyaffectourhappinessandsociallivesE.TheninvestyourtimeinsomethingsociallyengagingF.haveupwiththethemodernworldG.feelingshortontimeisassociatedwithlowerlevelhappinessandconnection7.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Jokesandhumorareoftenconsideredunimportant.Thisisunderstandable:theyare,bydefinition,notserious.Yetjokesandhumorarebeneficialforhealththroughtheirstress-relievingproperties.Forexample,theycanstimulatebloodcirculationandaidmusclerelaxation,bothofwhichcanhelpreducestress.Butwhydowerespond,inpowerfulandrewardingways,tothingsthatareobjectivelymeaningless?Scientistshavespentyearsstudyinghowhumorworksinthebrainandonthevarioustypesofjokesthatproduceit.Puns,themostfamiliartypeofjokes,arewherespecificelementsoflanguageconveydifferentmeaningsatonce.Forexample,"Whydidthegolferweartwopairsoftrousers?Incasehegotaholeinone.""Here"holeinonehastwopossibleinterpretations:onepairisdamagedorsomeone'sballgoesintotheholethefirsttimehehitit.Wemaynotactuallylaughatthem,buttheirsimplicityandfamiliaritymakemostpeoplerecognizethehumorinpuns.Therefore,thebrain'shumorprocessesarestillengaged.Howdoeshumorarisefromthebrain?Ourbrainshavedevelopedasystemtorecognizewhenthingsdon'tmatchexpectations.Ifnormalityisoverturned,itmeanswedon'tknowwhat'sgoingtohappen,whichcreatestension.However,thesystemthatrecognizesincongruity（不一致）alsoresolvesit,byprovidinganexplanation,oratleastaconfirmationthattheincongruityhasnonegativeconsequences.Thisremovestheuncertainty,easingthetension.Afterthat,welearnsomethingnewandexpandourmentalmodel,experiencingarewardingfeeling.Basically,thankstothesecomplexsystemsinourbrains,humorcomesfromsomethingbeingsurprising,unexpectedorwronginsomeway,aslongastheincongruityisresolvedwithoutnegativeconsequences.Iftheincongruityisnotresolved,humorisabsent.Iftheanswerto"Whydidthegolferweartwopairsoftrousers?"is"incasethemetaleaglethatlivesinhisgoldbagattackshim",that'snotfunny.Thiswouldexplainwhyunrealhumorisoftenhardtogetright.（1）Whatisthebenefitofjokesandhumor?（2）Whycanpeoplerecognizethehumorinpuns?（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Peoplecanworkouthumorfromsomethingbeingsurprising,unexpectedorwronginsomeway,aslongastheincongruityremainsunsolved.（4）Apartfromthebenefitmentionedinthepassage,whatotherbenefit(s)canyougetfromhumor?(Inabout40words)8.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Nomatteryourage,whocanresistatasty,low-pricedmeal?Atnoon,TongxinCafeterianearShanghai'sJing'anTempledowntownhasaqueuethatshowsitsmulti-generationalpopularity.Themenu,Thesecafeterias,onceknownas"seniorcanteens",wereoriginallyestablished(provide)healthymealsat(afford)pricestoolderfolksmightnotbegettingenoughnutritionathome.From2019to2021,theShanghai1over60dishesrotateddaily,caterstoawiderangeoftastes.234governmentsetagoalofbuilding200newcommunitycanteens,theendoflastyearto1,608.5(bring)thetotalat6basicmealwithonemeatdishandtwovegetablescostslessthan20yuan,farcheaperthanpricesinmainstreamdowntownrestaurants.Andallmeals(prepare)onsitewithfreshingredients.Thegovernmentsupportsthesecafeterias,sometimeswithrent-freespace,sometimeswith(reduce)waterandelectricitycharges.SomecommunitycafeteriashavebecomesopopulartheyappearonWeChatand789otherlifestylesharing10(platform)."Wearepleasedtohaveyoungerpeopledininghere,"saida90-year-oldpatronsurnamedQu."Theygivethe'elderlycanteen'afeelingofyouthfulvigor."9.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。SavingnatureisattheveryheartofwhatwedoasWorldWildlifeFund(WWF).Weprotectwildlifeformanyreasons.Itisasourceofinspiration.Itboostsasenseofwonder.Itisfundamental（重要的）tothebalanceofnature.Inourwork,WWFpopulationsofthemostimportantspeciesinthewild.(final),byprotectingspecies,wesavethisbeautifulandirreplaceableplanetiscalledhome.1(focus)onsaving2310.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Harbin,increasingnumberoftouristsrushedtothe"IceCityofChina"toexperiencethebestoficeandsnowculture.Besidesthefrostydelights,thecitystillhasmuchmore(offer)allyeararound,includingitstraditionalEuropean-stylearchitecture,uniquecuisineandculturalevents.Thecity'sindividualattractionsmakeamust-seespotnomattertheweather.(know)foritsiceandsnowfestivals,becameverypopularlastwinter.An11.假設(shè)你是李華，你應(yīng)該在本周五提交Mr.Anderson布置的讀書(shū)報(bào)告，但因個(gè)人原因，現(xiàn)在無(wú)法按時(shí)提交。請(qǐng)你給Mr.Anderson發(fā)一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容要求如下：1.表達(dá)歉意；2.說(shuō)明原因；3.提出補(bǔ)救辦法；注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)80左右。2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。DearMr.Anderson,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________人教版通用-初三英語(yǔ)上期末摸底測(cè)試1.CBAAD【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從雜貨店里的隨意交談開(kāi)始，艾莉和老顧客埃德溫·霍姆斯發(fā)展了一段有意義和持久的友誼?！拘☆}1】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但有時(shí)，它也是意想不到的紐帶形成的地方，把一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的商店變成了溫暖人心的人際關(guān)系的背景。A.techniques技術(shù)；B.bonds紐帶；C.ideas想steps臺(tái)階。根據(jù)后文的“turningasimpleaforheartwarminghuman15ameaningfulandenduring紐帶的產(chǎn)生。故選B項(xiàng)。【小題2】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾麗·沃克是英國(guó)一家雜貨店的員工，她以友好的舉止而聞名。A.candidate候選人；B.participant參與者；C.volunteer志愿者。根據(jù)后文的“Ellieenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomers”可知，艾莉喜歡每天與顧客聊天，所以艾麗·沃克是英國(guó)一家雜貨店的員工。故選C項(xiàng)?！拘☆}3】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：艾莉喜歡每天與顧客聊天，但從未預(yù)料到這些互動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)她的生活產(chǎn)生如此深遠(yuǎn)的影響。A.planned計(jì)劃；B.meant打算；C.anticipated預(yù)料。根據(jù)后文的“howdeeplytheseinteractionscouldherlife”和后文“Theirrelationship,whichstartedwith14conversationsinagroceryhad15ameaningfulandenduring料到這些互動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)她的生活產(chǎn)生如此深遠(yuǎn)的影響，從未預(yù)料到艾莉和老顧客埃德溫·霍姆斯的關(guān)系從雜貨店里的隨意交談開(kāi)始，發(fā)展成為一段有意義和持久的友誼。故選D項(xiàng)?！拘☆}4】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在一次平常的談話中，艾莉遇到了老顧客埃德溫·霍姆斯，他透露自己沒(méi)有人陪他過(guò)圣誕節(jié)。A.routine平常的；B.positive積極樂(lè)觀的；C.bitter苦amusing有趣的。根據(jù)前文的“Ellieenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomers”可知，艾莉喜歡每天與顧客聊天，所以這也是一次平常的談話。故選A項(xiàng)?！拘☆}5】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在一次平常的談話中，艾莉遇到了老顧客埃德溫·霍姆斯，他透露自己沒(méi)有人陪他過(guò)圣誕節(jié)。A.agreed同意；B.revealed透露；C.debated辯論。根據(jù)后文的“thathehadnoonespendChristmaswith”可知，老顧客埃德溫·霍姆斯透露了自己的私人情況，即沒(méi)有人陪他過(guò)圣誕節(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)?！拘☆}6】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)透露觸動(dòng)了艾莉的心弦，因?yàn)樗裏o(wú)法忍受埃德溫獨(dú)自度過(guò)節(jié)日的想法。A.charged指控；B.outgrew超過(guò)；C.overlooked忽視。根據(jù)前文的“ainheart”可知，這個(gè)透露觸動(dòng)了艾莉的心弦。struckachord“觸動(dòng)心弦，激起了共鳴”。故選C項(xiàng)。【小題7】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的家人，包括一個(gè)女兒和孫子孫女，都住在澳大利亞，這使得他們?cè)诩倨诶锊豢赡茉谝黄稹.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；B.impossible不可能的；C.sympathetic同情的。根據(jù)前文的“Hisincludingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia”和后文“togetherduringtheholidays”可知，親人都住在澳大利亞，這使得他們?cè)诩倨诶锊豢赡茉谝黄?。故選B項(xiàng)?！拘☆}8】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓埃德溫面臨著一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的圣誕節(jié)。A.lonely孤獨(dú)的；B.warm溫暖的；C.delightful使人快樂(lè)的。根據(jù)前文的“hehadnoonespendChristmaswith”和“Hisincludingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia,makingit7forthembetogetherduringtheholidays.”可知，沒(méi)有人陪他過(guò)圣誕節(jié)，這讓埃德溫面臨著一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的圣誕節(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)。【小題9】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)埃德溫的情況感到不安。埃莉決定提供一個(gè)友好的姿態(tài)。A.extend提供；B.command命令；C.assign分配。根據(jù)后文的“SheinvitedhimjoinherforaChristmasmeal”可知，她邀請(qǐng)他和她一起吃圣誕大餐，埃莉提供了一個(gè)友好的姿態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！拘☆}10】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她邀請(qǐng)他和她一起吃圣誕大餐，希望為他們倆創(chuàng)造一個(gè)難忘而快樂(lè)的經(jīng)歷。A.allow允許；B.beg乞求；C.create創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)前文的“SheinvitedhimjoinherforaChristmasmeal”和后文“amemorableandjoyousexperienceforboththem”可知，她邀請(qǐng)他和她一起吃圣誕大餐，從而創(chuàng)造一個(gè)難忘而快樂(lè)的經(jīng)歷。故選D項(xiàng)?！拘☆}11】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾莉?qū)Π５聹氐难?qǐng)不僅僅是一種友好的姿態(tài)，也是他們友誼的開(kāi)始。A.fear害怕；B.prejudice偏見(jiàn)；C.temptation引誘。根據(jù)前invitationEdwin”可知，艾莉?qū)Π５聹氐难?qǐng)不僅僅是一種友好的姿態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)?！拘☆}12】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那次難忘的圣誕晚餐開(kāi)始，一段美好的友誼開(kāi)始了。A.conducted進(jìn)行；B.stressed強(qiáng)調(diào)；C.remembered記住。根據(jù)前文的“FromthatmemorableChristmasabeautiful她邀請(qǐng)他和她一起吃圣誕大餐開(kāi)始，他們的友誼也開(kāi)始發(fā)展了。故選C項(xiàng)?！拘☆}13】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：埃莉和埃德溫開(kāi)始定期見(jiàn)面喝咖啡，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A.company陪伴；B.comfort舒適；C.leisure閑暇。根據(jù)前文的“EllieandEdwinbeganmeetingregularlyforsharingstories”可知，埃莉和埃德溫開(kāi)始定期見(jiàn)面喝咖啡，分享故事，這是他們彼此的陪伴。故選A項(xiàng)。【小題14】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的關(guān)系從雜貨店里的隨意交談開(kāi)始，已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一段有意義和持久的友誼。A.delicate精致的；B.casual隨意的；C.potential潛在的。根據(jù)前文的“Itwasduringonethese4conversationsthatEllieencounteredEdwinHolmes,anelderlyregularwho5thathehadnoonespendChristmasinagrocery他們的關(guān)系從一次平常的談話中，老顧客埃德溫·霍姆斯透露自己沒(méi)有人陪他過(guò)圣誕節(jié)開(kāi)始，從雜貨店里的隨意交談開(kāi)始。故選B項(xiàng)?！拘☆}15】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們的關(guān)系從雜貨店里的隨意交談開(kāi)始，已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一段有意義和持久的友誼。A.putabout談?wù)?；B.in理解；C.struggledfor為……而斗into成長(zhǎng)為。根據(jù)前文的“startedwith14conversations”和后文“ameaningfulandenduringfriendship”可知，他們的關(guān)系從雜貨店里的隨意交談開(kāi)始，發(fā)展成為友誼。故選D項(xiàng)。2.(1)B(2)D(3)B【解析】(1)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了GreatBooksSummerProgram的四個(gè)校園課程，包括課程地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容和費(fèi)用等。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Program3:BooksatUniversity"部分關(guān)鍵句"One-week＄2995(一周學(xué)費(fèi)：2995美元)"和peoplegatherexperiencereadingandlifeat（年輕人聚集在斯坦福大學(xué)體驗(yàn)閱讀和生活）"可知，申請(qǐng)者在斯坦福大學(xué)為期一周的課程需要支付的費(fèi)用為2995美元且這項(xiàng)課程為校內(nèi)課程，再根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容"Allon-campusprogramshaveMaterials&Eventsfees＄225foroneweekand＄475fortwo.(所有校內(nèi)課程的材料和活動(dòng)費(fèi)用為一周225美元，兩周475美元)"可知，參在為期一周的校內(nèi)課程還需要支付材料和活動(dòng)費(fèi)用225美元。由此可知，申請(qǐng)者在斯坦福大學(xué)為期一周的課程總共需要支付的費(fèi)用是3220美元。所以本題答案為B項(xiàng)。(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Program4:AShip部分關(guān)鍵句"Thisprogramforhighschoolstudentsmarriesthestudymaritimewithlivingandlearningsail.Timewillbesplitbetweenseminaranddiscussionandsailingeducationwithvisitscoastalislands.（這項(xiàng)針對(duì)高中生的課程將海洋文學(xué)研究與航海生活和學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來(lái)。時(shí)間將分為研討會(huì)和討論、航海教育和訪問(wèn)沿海島嶼）"可知，在第四個(gè)課程中包括訪問(wèn)沿海島嶼，這是戶外活動(dòng)。由此可推斷出，如果你想做戶外練習(xí)，你會(huì)選擇第四個(gè)課程。所以本題答案為D項(xiàng)。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句BooksSummerProgramdeliversexcellentforcollegeclassesandthecriticalthinkingsection.(GreatBooksSummer思維部分提供了出色的準(zhǔn)備)"可知，GreatBooksSummerProgram的四個(gè)校園課程都在為研討班式大學(xué)課程和SAT批判性思維部分提供準(zhǔn)備。由此可知，這四個(gè)校園3.(1)C(2)A(3)C(4)A【解析】(1)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一個(gè)名叫Fred的人發(fā)生意外事故后失去雙腿，但他通過(guò)手搖自行車(chē)運(yùn)動(dòng)重新找到了對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱情，并開(kāi)始參加比賽。他參加了紐約市的40英里騎行比賽和2021年的首次馬拉松比賽。他在馬拉松比賽中表現(xiàn)出色，取得了不錯(cuò)的成績(jī)。他計(jì)劃繼續(xù)追求運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)，希望完成世界上六個(gè)最大的馬拉松比賽，并有可能參加殘奧會(huì)。他希望人們從他的故事中學(xué)到一些東西，鼓勵(lì)大家專(zhuān)注于積極的一面，并將大問(wèn)題分解成小解決方案，從而逐漸獲得勝利。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的"Fouryearsago,wasonhiswayworkwhenheaccidentallyfellthetrackstrainasasubwaytrainwascoming.Theincidentcausedthelossbothhislegs.(四年前，F(xiàn)red在上班的路上，不小心摔倒在布魯克林火車(chē)的鐵軌上，因?yàn)榈罔F列車(chē)即將到來(lái)。這一事件導(dǎo)致他失去了雙腿。)"可知，F(xiàn)red摔倒在鐵軌上被火車(chē)碾過(guò)導(dǎo)致他失去了雙腿，故選C項(xiàng)。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"Butthatallchangedafterhewasintroducedhandcycling（手搖自行車(chē)運(yùn)動(dòng)）.“WhenIsawit.Iwas'Oh,thisisevenneedlegsuseit,thisisperfect."hesaid.(但是，在他被介紹給手搖自行車(chē)運(yùn)動(dòng)之后，這一切都改變了。"當(dāng)我看到它時(shí)。我當(dāng)時(shí)想，'哦，這太棒了。你甚至不需要腿來(lái)使用它，這是完美的。“他說(shuō)。)"可知，當(dāng)Fred看到手搖自行車(chē)運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候他表現(xiàn)出了興趣，故選A項(xiàng)。(3)主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的madeasignificantcommitmenttraining.Herideshishandcycleatleast13.1milesacoupletimesaweekandspendsalottimeinthegym.(他對(duì)訓(xùn)練做出了重大承諾。他每周至少騎幾次手推車(chē)13.1英里，并花很多時(shí)間在健身房。)"可知，F(xiàn)red在努力準(zhǔn)備參加比賽，故選C項(xiàng)。(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文，尤其第四段中"AndheplanspursuinghisathleteHewantscompletetheAbbottSix-thesixlargestmarathons.Onehesaid,“I'llmaybeevenitthe(他計(jì)劃繼續(xù)追求他的運(yùn)動(dòng)員目標(biāo)。他想完成雅培六人組——世界上最大的六項(xiàng)馬拉松比賽。有一天，他說(shuō)，“我甚至可能參加殘奧會(huì)"。)”可知，F(xiàn)red是一個(gè)有決心的人，故選A項(xiàng)。4.(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A【解析】(1)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是Phoebe類(lèi)回聲定位技術(shù)，為盲人用戶開(kāi)發(fā)一種能夠幫助他們準(zhǔn)確感知周?chē)h(huán)境細(xì)節(jié)的系統(tǒng)。特別地，該系統(tǒng)通過(guò)事件相機(jī)和專(zhuān)門(mén)算法，將乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)的圖像信息轉(zhuǎn)化為聲音，然后通過(guò)揚(yáng)聲器傳達(dá)給盲人玩家，使他們能夠通過(guò)聲音來(lái)追蹤球的運(yùn)動(dòng)?！驹斀狻考?xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Theprocessuseseventcameraswhich,normalcamerasthatcompleteimagesascene,trackchangesinanimageovertime,makingthemidealfortheobservationsmallobjectstabletennisballs.（該過(guò)程使用事件相機(jī)，與拍攝場(chǎng)景完整圖像的普通相機(jī)不同，事件相機(jī)可以跟蹤圖像隨時(shí)間的變化，使其非常適合觀察像乒乓球這樣的小物體。）"可知，事件相機(jī)與普通相機(jī)的不同點(diǎn)在于他們不斷地跟隨圖象的變化。故選C。(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段tennishasbeenplayedfordecadesasaaccessibleversiontennis.Thesportiswhilemaintainingarichlevelcompetitive運(yùn)動(dòng)。這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)初學(xué)者是友好的，同時(shí)保持了豐富的競(jìng)技水平。）"可知，讓乒乓球成為這項(xiàng)研究的完美測(cè)試案例的是它的獨(dú)特之處：對(duì)初學(xué)者友好，同時(shí)保持競(jìng)技水平。故選A。(3)主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段limitationsonhowaccuratelypeoplecansoundlocalisation.Whattypesoundshouldbeused?Shouldthesoundbecontinuous?Thisiswhatbetacklinginthenextstagedevelopment（人們感知聲音定位的準(zhǔn)確度是有限的。應(yīng)該使用什么類(lèi)型的聲音？這個(gè)音應(yīng)該是連續(xù)的嗎？這是我們下一個(gè)發(fā)展階段要解決的問(wèn)題）"可知，最后一段關(guān)于研究的主要內(nèi)容是它的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。(4)主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段withARIAastartupdevelopingvisionfortheblind,Phoebeisusingtechnologicallyhumanecholocation（回聲定位）thatenablesblinduserstheirsurroundingsinprecisedetail.(Phoebe（一家為盲人開(kāi)發(fā)視力的初創(chuàng)公司）合作，使用技術(shù)先進(jìn)的人類(lèi)回聲定位技術(shù)，使盲人用戶能夠準(zhǔn)確地感知周?chē)h(huán)境的細(xì)節(jié)。）"和第四段"“Thesmallsizetheandtable,alongwiththemovementthein3Dthingsthattabletennisdifficultplayforthosewithlowvisionandcompleteblindness,"saidwhoiscompletingtheworkforherdegree."Makingthissportaccessiblewhilealsoexploringthepotentialeventcamerasmytwobiggestmotivators,"shesaid.(Peng，正在完成她的學(xué)位研究，說(shuō)："乒乓球和乒乓球臺(tái)的尺寸太小，再加上球在3D空間中的運(yùn)動(dòng)，使得那些視力低下和完全失明的人很難打乒乓球。""讓這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)更容易獲得，同時(shí)探索賽事攝像機(jī)的潛力是我最大的兩個(gè)動(dòng)力，"她說(shuō)。)”可知，本文主要講的是PhoebeResearch合作，利用先進(jìn)的人類(lèi)回聲定位技術(shù)，為盲人用戶開(kāi)發(fā)一種能夠幫助他們準(zhǔn)確感知周?chē)h(huán)境細(xì)節(jié)的系統(tǒng)。特別地，該系統(tǒng)通過(guò)事件相機(jī)和專(zhuān)門(mén)算法，將乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)的圖像信息轉(zhuǎn)化為聲音，然后通過(guò)揚(yáng)聲器傳達(dá)給盲人玩家，使他們能夠通過(guò)聲音來(lái)追蹤球的運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此本文最好的題目是A選項(xiàng)OpensupBlind。故選A。5.(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)C【解析】(1)主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Theresearchersanalyzedthanadozendifferenttypescommonthatcouldwindupontheaverageplate,includingseafood,pork,andseveralmeatalternatives.TheyestimatedthatanAmericanadultcouldconsume,onaverage,atleast11,000microplasticpiecesper析了十幾種不同類(lèi)型的常見(jiàn)蛋白質(zhì)，這些蛋白質(zhì)最終可能出現(xiàn)在普通美國(guó)人的盤(pán)子里，包括海鮮、豬肉、牛肉、雞肉、豆腐和幾種植物性肉類(lèi)替代品。他們估計(jì)，一個(gè)美國(guó)成年人平均每年至少會(huì)攝入1.1萬(wàn)個(gè)微塑料碎片)"可知，本段主要介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段"“Whilestillhaveanyideawhatthehumanhealthconsequencesthisifanyatall,needthisseriouslybecausethisisaproblemnot