北京市東城區2024屆高三下學期綜合練習(一)（一模）英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、第一部分知識運用（共兩節，30分）第一節完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。In2019,ThierryHenry,abusdriver,foundtherewasariseinbiketheftsinhiscity,Reykjavik.Ratherthan1．thatthebikewasgoneforever,hedecidedtotakemattersintohisownhandsandstartedtotrackdownthebikesandreturnthemtotheir2．owners.The44-year-oldhashelpedreturnhundredsofstolenbikesinthepast4years.Hissocialmediaaccounthasover14,500membersandhelpspeopletrackdownmorethanjustlostbikes.Hispage3．topeoplewhohavelosttools,carsandotheritemsofhighvalue.Ontopofhisnobleact,Henryhashelpedthebike4．toreformintheprocess.5．,Henrywoulddealwiththethieveswithanger.However,overtime,herealizedthatmostofthetheftsweredrivenoutofpovertyandotherissues.Hewentfromfeeling6．towardsthethieves,todevelopingempathy（同理心）fortheirsituations.Itwasverytoughatfirst.ButHenrydecidedtotryto7．themandjusttalktothem.Fromthismomentonward,hereachedouttothethieves,offeringhelpandguidance.Afterthechangeinhis8．,Henryfoundthatthebikethievesbegantooftenhandbackthebikestohim.Amazingly,someformerthievesthatHenryhelpednow9．himinlookingforthestolenbikes."It'slikea10．thathasgotbiggerandbigger,".saysHenry."It'snotonlyme.Manytimes,someonespotsabikehiddeninabushandtakesapicture.Thensomeoneelsecomments,'hey,that'smybike'."ThankstoHenry,everyone'slookingout.1．A．claim B．expect C．accept D．realize2．A．new B．honest C．careless D．rightful3．A．belongs B．extends C．returns D．refers4．A．owners B．makers C．thieves D．sellers5．A．Initially B．Unknowingly C．Incredibly D．Unwillingly6．A．regretfully B．negatively C．guiltily D．helplessly7．A．levelwith B．replytoC．sidewith D．apologizeto8．A．plan B．occupation C．habit D．approach9．A．assist B．trust C．engage D．drag10．A．dream B．snowball C．rainbow D．balloon二、第二節語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答。語法填空（短文）WhenIlivedinBoston,ItaughtEnglishasasecondlanguagetoadultstudentsfromaroundtheworld.Onthelastday,theythrewaniceparty.IwasamazedtheyhadlearnedenoughEnglish11．（arganize）suchaneventaltogether.Attheendoftheparty,theyproudlyhandedmeagiftbox.Afterthebox12．（open）,Igentlyliftedabeautifulcoatfromit."Wewentshoppingforanewcoat!"theyallshouted13．wonderfullyperfectEnglish.語法填空（短文）InearlyNovemberin2023,adiver,swimmingoffthecoastofSardinia,14．（notice）piecesofmetalontheoceanfloor.Hecalledtheauthoritiesandmorediversweresenttolook.ThepiecesturnedouttobeancientRomancoins.Thecoinsmostlylay15．（bury）insandandseagrassnotfarfromthecoast.Itissaidthatmorethan30,000coinshavebeenfound,16．arecloseto2,000yearsold.Expertscallthisamajorhistoricaldiscovery.語法填空（短文）ChatGPTisachatbot.Someschools17．（ban）itsinceitsbirth.Theyneedtimetomakerulesabout18．it'stobeusedproperlyinclass.Someteachersseeitasa19．（cheat）tool.Butmanyprincipalsbelieveit'stoolatetokeepAIoutofclassrooms.Agrowingnumberof20．（educate）saythepanicaboutAIisalotlikethepaniccausedbytheInternetwhenitwasnew.Oneofthemsays,"ChatGPTistoEnglishandtowritingwhatthecalculatoristomath.三、第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。閱讀理解Areyoulookingforteenvolunteeropportunitiesfor2024thatprovidearewardingexperiencethatwillstaywithyouforlife?EveryyearthousandsofteenschoosetovolunteerabroadwithInternationalVolunteerHQ（IVHQ）-theworld'smosttrustedproviderofsafeandaffordablevolunteerprogramsforteens.Servicetripsforteensareavailableinmorethan50destinationsandthereare17teenvolunteerprogramsfor16to18year-olds.Someofthebestprogramsin2024includeTurtleConservationinBali,AnimalCareinCostaRicaandChildcareinTanzania.Or,ifyou'rewantingtovolunteerwithagroupofstudentsfromyourhighschool,IVHQcantailoraprogramforyourgrouptoo!?Benefitsforvolunteers:?Thereisnodoubtthatvolunteeringasateenagerisameaningfulwaytobroadenyoureducationandaddexperiencesthatwillstandoutonyourcollegeapplication.?Crossingboundariestoworkwithpartnersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldfostersglobalunderstanding.?Livinginacountrydifferenttoyourownmeansthatyouwillbeinvolvedinanewculture,cuisine,andwayofthinking.?Guaranteedsupport:ChancesareyourparentswillalsowanttolearnmoreaboutIVHQ,whetherornottheywillgoabroadwithyou.Havingplacedmorethan130,000volunteersabroad,we'realwayshappytospeakwithparentstoensurealltheirquestionsarefielded.Throughouronlinesafetytraining,comprehensiveinformationbrochures,on-goingsupportfromexperiencedprogrammanagersandround-the-clocksupportfromourlocalteams,IVHQvolunteersarewellsupportedtomakethemostofthetimeabroad.Ifyou'rereadytopackyourbagsandexperienceacompletelydifferentlifestyleandwidenyourglobalperspective,pleasecontactus.IVHQwillbemorethanhappytoofferaservice.21．WhatcanIVHQprovideforahighschoolgroup?A．Rewardsforvolunteering.B．Afreeservicetrip.C．Anopportunitytostudyabroad.D．Aspecializedprogram.22．WhatdoesIVHQpromisetovolunteers?A．Localteams'assistance. B．Partners'support.C．Collegerecommendationletters. D．Parents'company23．ThemainpurposeofthepassageistoA．advocatevolunteering B．introducerequirementsC．advertiseaservice D．suggestalifestyle閱讀理解AnArtClassWhenKellywastwelve,shestartedtakingclassesatMissGrace'sSchoolforArt.Shedidn'tlikeitatfirst:the"noviceartists"-thekidswhohadn'treallydoneartbefore-workedmostlywithclay,andKellywasaterriblesculptor.Itwasn'tuntilherthirdyearthatKellyfoundsomethingshewasreallygoodat-charcoaldrawing（素描）.Shelovedwatchingthelinesspreadunevenlyacrossthepageasshemovedthebitsofcharcoalbackandforthoverthepaper.Oneday,Sophia.thebestartistinherclass,satdownandsetuphereasel（畫架）nexttoKelly.Kellyfeltasinkingfeelinginherstomach.She'd.actuallyfoundanartformthatsheenjoyed-andwasgoodat--andnowSophiawasgoingtooutshineheragain?KellyfoughtbacktearswhenMissGraceenteredtheroom."Helloclass,MissGracesaid."We'llcontinuetoworkontheprojecttoday.WhatmasterpiecewouldSophiahavecomeupwith?KellylookedatSophia'seaselandshecouldn'tbelieveit--itwasamess!Forabriefmoment,Kellycouldn'tactuallybelieveherdrawingwasbetterthanSophia's.ButthenshelookedatSophia,whowaswatchingKellywithananxiousexpression."I….Icouldn'tdecidewhattodo,"Sophiasaid."Andyou'resogood.SometimesIfeellikemystuffisjustsobadincomparison.KellylookedtoseeifSophiawasjoking,butsheseemedcompletelyserious.NowKellywasshocked."I'mnottalented...MissGraceseldompraisesme.You'rethebestoneinourclass!"Sophiaraisedhereyebrows."Imightbeareallygoodcopierofthestuff,butIhavenoideawhattodowhenitcomestomakingupmyownimages.Youaresogreatatmakingnewthingsoutoftheoldstuff.I'velovedyourworks.""I'velovedyours,too,Kellysaid."Well,definitelynotthisone,"Sophiasaid.Kellysmiled."Maybenotrightnow.Butifyoumovetheselinesup..."shesaid,pointingherfingeronSophia'spaper.Sophiawasquietforamoment."That'sagreatidea!"shesaidfinally.Kellysmiledandturnedbacktoherdrawing,lookingeverysooftenatSophia'sworktoseethatshewastakingheradvice,downtothelastline.24．WhenKellystartedclassesattheartschool,she____.A．wasnotgoodatthecourseB．lackedconfidenceindrawingC．wasoftenpushedbyMissGraceD．didnotgetalongwiththeotherkids25．HowdidKellyfeelwhenSophiasatbesideher?A．Thrilled. B．Confused. C．Frustrated. D．Relieved.26．WhatdidKellydointheartclass?A．SheinspiredSophia.B．ShepraisedSophia'screativity.C．ShedecidedtooutshineSophia.D．ShefinishedthedrawingforSophia.27．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Interestisthebestteacher.B．Youarewhatyoubelievetobe.C．Everyonehastheirownstrengths.D．Hardworkwilleventuallypayoff.閱讀理解Researchspanningseveraldecadesdemonstratesthatyouaremorelikelytothinktheinformationthatisrepeatedtobetruethantheinformationyouhearonlyonce.Youusuallyassumethatifpeopleputinefforttorepeatastatement,thisreflectsthetruthofthestatement.Thistendency-alsocalledthetrutheffect-isabias（偏見）thatcanleadyoutodrawincorrectconclusions.Towhatdegreearepeopleawareofthetrutheffect?ThisquestionwasaddressedinapaperinthejournalCognitionearlythisyear.Inthecriticalstudyinthispaper,participantsdidtwosessions.Inonesession,theyreadaboutahypothetical（虛構的）studyinwhichtheywereexposedtosomestatementsandthenwereaskedwhetherbothstatementstheyhadheardbeforeaswellasthesenewstatementsweretrue.Theywereaskedtopredicttheproportion（比例）ofeachstatementthatwouldbejudgedastrue.Theydidthisbothasapredictionofotherpeople'sperformanceaswellasapredictionofhowtheywoulddointhisstudy.Atanothersessionafewdayslater,participantsactuallyperformedthisstudy,readingasetof20statementsinthehypotheticalstudyagainandthenjudgingthetruthofaltogether40statements,halfofwhichwerefromthehypotheticalstudyandtheotherhalfofwhichwerenew.Thisstudydidreplicatethewellknowntrutheffect.Peopleweremorelikelytojudgestatementstheyhadseenbeforeastruethanstatementsthatwerenew.Twointerestingfindingsemergedfromtheprediction.First,participantstendedtounderestimatethesizeofthetrutheffectforeveryone.Thatis,whiletheydidexpectsomedifferenceinjudgmentsbetweenthestatementsseenbeforeandthosethatwerenew,theythoughtthisdifferencewouldbesmallerthanitactuallywas.Second,participantsmoresignificantlyunderpredictedthetrutheffectforthemselvescomparedtothatforotherpeople.Thisstudyisparticularlyimportantinlightoftheamountofmisinformationpresentinsocialmedia.Manypeoplehavethepowertoinfluencepublicopinionaboutimportantmatters.Floodingsocialmediafeedswithmisinformationwillleadpeopletobelievethisinformationistruejustbecauseitisstated.Recognizingthatweareallsusceptibletothisinfluenceofrepeatedinformationshouldleadustomistrustourintuition（直覺）aboutwhatistrueandtolookupimportantinformationpriortousingittomakeimportantjudgmentsanddecisions.28．Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorintendsto____.A．clarifyamisconception B．presentaphenomenonC．challengeastatement D．confirmatheory29．Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A．Impactsofthetrutheffectrequirefurtherstudies.B．Makingpredictionsbeforejudgmentsissignificant.C．Peoplehavehardlyanyawarenessofthetrutheffect.D．Peopletendtobelievetheycanmakewiserjudgments.30．Whatdoestheword"susceptible"underlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Critical. B．Subject. C．Opposed. D．Adapted.閱讀理解WhenIteachresearchmethods,amajorfocusispeerreview.Asaprocess,peerreviewevaluatesacademicpapersfortheirquality,integrityandimpactonafield,largelyshapingwhatscientistsacceptas"knowledge"-Byinstinct,anyacademicfollowsupanewideawiththequestion,"Wasthatpeerreviewed?"AlthoughIbelieveintheimportanceofpeerreviewandIhelpdopeerreviewsforseveralacademicjournals-Iknowhowvulnerabletheprocesscanbe.IhadmyfirstencounterwithpeerreviewduringmyfirstyearasaPh.Dstudent.Oneday,myadviserhandedmeanessayandtoldmetohavemy-writtenreviewbacktohiminaweek.Butatthetime,Icertainlywasnota"peer"--Iwastoonewinmyfield.Manipulateddata（不實的數據）orsubstandardmethodscouldeasilyhavegoneundetected.Knowledgeisnotself-evident.Onlyexpertswouldbeabletonoticethem,andeventhen,expertsdonotalwaysagreeonwhattheynotice.Let'ssayinmylifeIonlyseewhiteswans.MaybeIwriteanessay,concludingthatallswansarewhite.Anda"peer"says,"Waitaminute,I'veseenblackswans."Iwouldhavetorefinemyknowledge.Thepeerplaysakeyroleevaluatingobservationswiththeoverallgoalofadvancingknowledge.Forexample,iftheabovestorywerereversed,andpeerreviewerswhoallbelievedthatallswanswerewhitecameacrossthefirststudyobservingablackswan,thestudywouldreceivealotofattention.Sowhywasafirst-yeargraduatestudentgettingtostandinforanexpert?Whywouldmyreviewcountthesameasanexpert'sreview?Oneanswer:Theprocessreliesalmostentirelyonunpaidlabor.Despitethefactthatpeersareprofessionals,peerreviewisnotaprofession.Asaresult,thesameover-workedscholarsoftenreceivemassesofthepeerreviewrequests.Besidesthelaborinequity,asmallpoolofexpertscanleadtoanarrowedprocessofwhatispublishableorwhatcountsasknowledge,directlythreateningdiversityofperspectivesandscholars.Withoutalargeenoughreviewerpool,theprocesscaneasilyfallvictimtobiases,arisingfromasmallcommunityrecognizingeachother'sworkandcompromisingconflictsofinterest.Despitethesechallenges.Istilltellmystudentsthatpeerreviewoffersthebestmethodforevaluatingstudiesairdadvancingknowledge.Asaprocess,peerreviewtheoreticallyworks.Thequestioniswhethertheissueswithpeerreviewcanbeaddressedbyprofessionalizingthefield.31．Whatcanwelearnaboutpeerreviewinthefirstparagraph?A．Itgeneratesknowledge.B．Itiscommonlypracticed.C．Itisamajorresearchmethod.D．Itisquestionedbysomescientists.32．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheexampleofswans?A．Complexityofpeerreviewensuresitsreliability.B．Contradictionsbetweenscientistsmaybebalanced.C．Individualscanbelimitedbypersonalexperiences.D．Expertsshoulddetectunscientificobservationmethods.33．Whatistheauthor'smajorconcernaboutpeerreview?A．Workloadforscholars. B．Toughnessoftheprocess.C．Diversificationofpublications. D．Financialsupporttoreviewers.34．Thepassageismainlyabout____.A．whatfuelspeerreviewB．whypeerreviewisimperfectC．hownewhandsadvancepeerreviewD．whetherpeerreviewersareunderrated四、第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Today,whatwehave,isanalways-in-your-pocket,24/7newscycle.Whenyouopenanewsapp,you'llnoticeabriefmomentwhenthe"oldnews"isstillthere.Inaflash,theancienthistoryofafewhoursagoissweptawayforthenext"breakingnews".35．It'sendless,butyouhadbetterkeepup.Researchersintroducethisworldtothephrase,"noisebottleneck".Anoisebottleneckiswhereweareoverwhelmedwithsomuchinformationornoisethatourcognitive（認知的）abilitiescan'tkeepup.36．Thus,whileourattentioncanwatchhours.ofvideos,ourlong-termlearningprocessescan't.37．WewatchTVholdingourphones,andwelistentomusicwhileshopping.However,thehumanbrainmighthavestructurallimitationrootedinthecognitivearchitecturewhichcausestheslowingdownthatoccurswhentwotasksareperformedatthesametime.Inshort,yourbrainisnotasgoodasyouthinkitis.Youareahumanbeingwhocanonlytakeinsomuchaday.Understandingthenoisebottleneckallowsustofixit.So,herearethreetipstogetyougoing:Clearyourcontent-setupanewaccountonsocialmediaandfollowonlyaccountsorpeoplethatyouthinkarereallyvaluable.Single-task-youdon'tneedtoridthephonebutdoridthedistractions.38．Say,"Iwillonlyreadthismagazineafterdinner.Multitaskingisforshow;single-taskingisforpros.Acceptyourlimits-you'llneverreadallthenews.Acceptyoucanonlychoosetwoorthreeandembracethatfact.39．You'regettingmoreoutofthosefewthanthat"super-productive"persononsocialmediawhosaystheyreadfivebooksaweek.Afterall,it'sbettertohavealittlerememberedthanalotforgotten.A.Giveyourselfatimelimitorrestrictionifithelps.B.Don'tbeatyourselfupthatyou'rebeingunproductive.C.Everysecond,youarepresentedwithnewinformation.D.Breakingthroughthenoisebottleneckisalegendaryidea.E.Thematterismadeworsebyourmodernaddictiontomultitasking.F.Multitaskinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweuseinformation.G.Ourbrainshavelimitedresources,spreadacrossnumerousfunctions.五、第三部分書面表達（共兩節，32分）第一節（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區域作答。Ifyouareapsychologyenthusiast,youhaveprobablyheardofthefamousmarshmallowtest（棉花糖實驗）.Inthistask,kidsaregivenamarshmallow,andaretoldthattheycaneatthatmarshmallownow,orwaitalittlewhile,andhavetwomarshmallowsinstead.Somekidseatthemarshmallowimmediately,butmosttrytheirbesttowaitfortwo.Whentheresearchersfollowedupwiththosekidslaterinlife,childrenwhowaitedlongerhadbetterlifeoutcomes:moreacademicsuccess,bettersocialbehavior,andevenmarkersofbetterhealth.Theybelievethosechildrenwhokeepwaitingaretheoneswiththemostself-control-akeyfactorinsuccess,andthat'swhytheyaresosuccessfullater.Butwhatifthebehaviorinthemarshmallowtesthasmoretodowithculturalnormsthanself-control?A2022studytestedtheideathatchildrenmaydecidehowlongtowaitforrewardsbasedonwhattheyareaccustomedtowaitingforintheirculture.Forexample,intheUnitedStates,thereisnowidespreadmealtimecustomofwaitinguntileveryoneisserved.InJapan,however,thereis.Becauseofthisdifferenceinnorms,theresearchershypothesizedthatJapanesechildrenwouldwaitlongerinthemarshmallowtestthantheAmericanchildren.Thisisexactlywhattheyfoundlaterinexperiments.Butthisisn'tconclusiveevidence;afterall,maybeJapanesechildrenactuallyhavebetterself-control,ormaybetheydifferfromAmericanchildreninotherwaysthatcouldexplaintheresult.IntheU.S.,giftsareusuallygivenonspecialoccasionsandchildrenusuallyhavetowaitbeforetheycanunwraptheirpresents.InJapan,however,gift-givinghappensmoreoften,andchildrenusuallyopenpresentsimmediately.Giventheseculturaldifferences,scientistsexpectedthatiftheyranthetestwithgiftsinsteadofmarshmallows,Americankidswouldwaitlonger.Onceagain,theirhypothesiswascorrect.Thisisapowerfulresultbecauseitdemonstratestheimportanceofcultureandhabitinshapingbehavior.Ifachildwaitsonlyfewminutesbeforegivingupontwomarshmallowsbutmuchlongertounwrapagift,canwereallysaythatchildlacksself-control?Idon'tthinkso.Ithinkitjustmeansthattheyareadjustingwelltotheirsocialsettings.40．Accordingtotheresearchers,whydochildrenwhowaitlongerhavebetterlifeoutcomes?41．Whatwasthepurposeofthe2022study?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.43．Besidesthecasesmentionedinthepassage,pleasegiveoneortwoexamplestoshowhowcultureshapesyourbehavior.（Inabout40words）六、第二節【答案】44．假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。今年世界地球日的主題為"Planetvs.Plastics",你校將舉辦相關活動。你的筆友Jim發來郵件，詢問該活動的情況。請你用英文給他回復，內容包括：1.活動內容；2.你的任務。注意：1.詞數100左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。DearJim,Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C；2．D；3．B；4．C；5．A；6．B；7．A；8．D；9．A；10．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是ThierryHenry在幫助尋找被偷的自行車的過程中也使得那些小偷改過自新。

【點評】考查完形填空。首先要通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據上下文來判斷所缺失的單詞的含義，最后對選項進行對比分析，選出正確選項。完形填空的解題技巧如下。利用首句信息來推測語篇主旨；尋找提示信息，重視語境意義；識別語篇標志，理清邏輯關系；利用原詞復現，尋找近義詞語；利用背景知識來簡化判斷過程；注意習慣用語，熟記常見句型。1．句意：他沒有接受自行車永遠消失的事實，而是決定自己動手，開始追查這些自行車，并將它們歸還給它們的合法主人。A.claim聲稱，斷言；B.expect期待；C.accept接受；D.realize意識到。根據下文"hedecidedtotakemattersintohisownhandsandstartedtotrackdownthebikes"可知，他決定自己去找那些自行車，所以是他沒有接受自行車永遠消失的事實。故選C。2．句意：他沒有接受自行車永遠消失的事實，而是決定自己動手，開始追查這些自行車，并將它們歸還給它們的合法主人。A.new新的；B.honest誠實的；C.careless粗心的；D.rightful合法的。根據下文"returnthemto"可知，是把自行車還給它們合法的主人。故選D。3．句意：他的頁面擴展到那些丟失了工具、汽車和其他高價值物品的人。A.belongs屬于；B.extends擴展；C.returns回來；D.refers提到。根據下文"topeoplewhohavelosttools,carsandotheritemsofhighvalue"可知，他的頁面從丟失自行車的人擴展到那些丟失了工具、汽車和其他高價值物品的人。故選B。4．句意：除了他的高尚行為之外，亨利還在這個過程中幫助偷自行車的人改過自新。A.owners所有人，物主；B.makers制造商；C.thieves小偷；D.sellers賣家。根據下文"toreform"可知，他是幫偷車的小偷改過自新。故選C。5．句意：起初，亨利會憤怒地對付小偷。A.Initially起初；B.Unknowingly不知不覺地；C.Incredibly難以置信地；D.Unwillingly不情愿地。根據下文"Henrywoulddealwiththethieveswithanger.However,overtime,herealizedthatmostofthetheftsweredrivenoutofpovertyandotherissues"可知，起初他會憤怒地對付小偷。故選A6．句意：他對小偷的態度從消極到對他們的處境感同身受。A.regretfully懊悔地，遺憾地；B.negatively消極地；C.guiltily內疚地；D.helplessly無助地。根據上文"Henrywoulddealwiththethieveswithanger"可知，他剛開始對小偷的態度很消極，后來變成對他們的處境感同身受。故選B。7．句意：但亨利決定試著和他們說實話，和他們談談。A.levelwith對……說實話；B.replyto回復；C.sidewith支持；D.apologizeto向……道歉。根據下文"themandjusttalktothem"可知，亨利決定試著和他們說實話。故選A。8．句意：在改變了他的方法之后，亨利發現偷自行車的人開始經常把自行車還給他。A.plan計劃；B.occupation職業；C.habit習慣；D.approach方法。根據上文"Hewentfromfeeling__6__towardsthethieves,todevelopingempathy(同理心)fortheirsituations"可知，他改變了對待小偷的方法。故選D9．句意：令人驚訝的是，亨利幫助過的一些以前的小偷現在幫助他尋找被盜的自行車。A.assist幫助；B.trust信任；C.engage參與；D.drag拖。根據下文"lookingforthestolenbikes"可知，亨利幫助過的一些以前的小偷現在幫助他尋找被盜的自行車。故選A。10．句意：就像雪球越滾越大。A.dream夢；B.snowball雪球；C.rainbow彩虹；D.balloon氣球。根據下文"gotbiggerandbigger"可知，這就像雪球一樣，越來越大。故選B。【答案】11．toorganize；12．wasopened；13．in【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一位教師在波士頓教授來自世界各地的成人學生學習英語，學生取得了很大的語言進步。

【點評】考查語法填空。本題考點涉及動詞不定式、時態、語態、介詞多個知識點的考查。要求考生在理解細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。11．句意：我很驚訝他們學到了足夠的英語足以組織這樣一個活動。由enough可知，此處使用動詞不定式作結果狀語，表示"……多到足以做某事"，故填toorganize。12．句意：盒子打開后，我輕輕地從里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。根據"Igentlyliftedabeautifulcoatfromit."以及box承受open的動作可知，從句的謂語動詞使用一般過去時的被動語態，box為單數，故填wasopened。13．句意：我們去買一件新外套！他們都用非常完美的英語喊道。使用某種語言用介詞in，故填in。【答案】14．noticed；15．buried；16．which【解析】【分析】這是一則新聞報道。文章主要講述了一名潛水員在撒丁島海岸附近游泳時發現了數量巨大的古代硬幣。

【點評】考查語法填空。本題考點涉及對時態、形容詞和定語從句多個知識點的考查。要求考生在理解細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。14．句意：2023年11月初，一名潛水員在撒丁島海岸附近游泳時，注意到海底有金屬碎片。根據句中的"inearlyNovemberin2023"可知，謂語動詞使用一般過去時，故填noticed。15．句意：這些硬幣大多埋在離海岸不遠的沙子和海草里。句中lie是系動詞，需后接形容詞作表語，需要的詞義為"被掩埋的"，故填buried。16．句意：據說已經發現了3萬多枚硬幣，都有近2000年的歷史。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞coins指物并在從句中作主語，用關系代詞which引導定語從句，故填which。【答案】17．havebanned；18．how；19．cheating；20．educators【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一些學校禁止使用ChatGPT，但許多教育工作者認為人工智能在教育中是很重要的。

【點評】考查語法填空。本題考點涉及對名詞，動名詞，賓語從句，時態以及主謂一致多個知識點的考查。要求考生在理解細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。17．句意：一些學校自其誕生以來就禁止它。根據句中的"sinceitsbirth"可知，謂語動詞ban使用現在完成時，主語"someschools"為復數意義，謂語復數形式，故填havebanned。18．句意：他們需要時間來制定規則，規定如何在課堂上正確使用。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少狀語，表示"如何"，因此使用連接副詞how引導賓語從句，故填how。19．句意：一些老師認為這是一種作弊工具。動名詞形式作定語修飾名詞tool，用來表示該名詞的用途、目的或場合，cheating修飾tool，意為"用來作弊的工具"，故填cheating。20．句意：越來越多的教育工作者表示，對人工智能的恐慌很像互聯網剛出現時引起的恐慌。此處應填名詞作賓語，需要的詞義為"教育工作者"，即educator，它是可數名詞，前有"agrowingnumberof"修飾，則educator需要變復數形式，故填educators。【答案】21．D22．A23．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，是InternationalVolunteerHQ為志愿者提供的服務的廣告。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節理解題和推理判斷兩種題型。細節理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節理解題時，要根據題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據，使做出的推理合乎文意。21．細節理解題。根據第二段"Or,ifyou'rewantingtovolunteerwithagroupofstudentsfromyourhighschool,IVHQcantailoraprogramforyourgrouptoo!(或者，如果你想和你高中的一群學生一起做志愿者，IVHQ也可以為你的小組量身定制一個項目！)"可知，IVHQ能為高中團體提供一個專門的項目。故選D。22．細節理解題。根據Guaranteedsupport:部分的"Throughouronlinesafetytraining,comprehensiveinformationbrochures,on-goingsupportfromexperiencedprogrammanagersandround-the-clocksupportfromourlocalteams,IVHQvolunteersarewellsupportedtomakethemostofthetimeabroad.(通過我們的在線安全培訓、全面的信息手冊、經驗豐富的項目經理的持續支持以及當地團隊的24小時支持，IVHQ志愿者可以充分利用國外的時間。)"可知，IVHQ對志愿者的承諾是當地團隊的協助。故選A。23．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段"Ifyou'rereadytopackyourbagsandexperienceacompletelydifferentlifestyleandwidenyourglobalperspective,pleasecontactus.IVHQwillbemorethanhappytoofferaservice.(如果您準備好打包行李，體驗完全不同的生活方式，拓寬您的全球視野，請與我們聯系。IVHQ將非常樂意為您提供服務。)"可知，本文是InternationalVolunteerHQ為志愿者提供的服務的廣告，因此目的是為一種服務做廣告。故選C。【答案】24．A25．C26．A27．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是Kelly在一節藝術課上所發生的事情。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節理解和推理判斷題兩種題型。細節理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節理解題時，要根據題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據，使做出的推理合乎文意。24．細節理解題。根據第一段"Shedidn'tlikeitatfirst:the"noviceartists"—thekidswhohadn'treallydoneartbefore-workedmostlywithclay,andKellywasaterriblesculptor.(她一開始并不喜歡：那些"新手藝術家"——那些以前沒有真正做過藝術的孩子——主要是用粘土創作的，而凱利是個糟糕的雕塑家。)"可知，當Kelly開始在藝術學校上課時，她不擅長這門課。故選A。25．推理判斷題。根據第三段"Kellyfeltasinkingfeelinginherstomach.She'dactuallyfoundanartformthatsheenjoyedandwasgoodat-andnowSophiawasgoingtooutshineheragain?(Kelly感到胃里有一種下沉的感覺。她真的找到了一種自己喜歡并擅長的藝術形式，而現在索菲亞又要比她更耀眼了？)"可知，當索菲亞坐在凱莉身邊時，她感覺到沮喪。故選C。26．細節理解題。根據倒數第三段"Kellysmiled."Maybenotrightnow.Butifyoumovetheselinesup..."shesaid,pointingherfingeronSophia'spaper.(Kelly笑了。"也許不是現在。但是如果你把這些線往上移動……她用手指著索菲亞的紙說。)"和倒數第二段"That'sagreatidea!(好主意！)"可知，Kelly在美術課上啟發了索菲亞。故選A。27．推理判斷題。根據倒數第六段"Youaresogreatatmakingnewthingsoutoftheoldstuff.(你很擅長從舊事物中創造出新事物。)"可知，我們能從文章中了解到每個人都有自己的長處。故選C。【答案】28．B29．D30．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了一種被稱作"真實效應"的心理偏見現象，即人們更容易相信被重復表述的信息，而不是只聽到一次的信息，呼吁人們應該更加警惕重復信息的影響，以及在做出重要判斷和決策之前查證重要信息的真實性。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及推理判斷題和詞句猜測題兩種題型。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據，使做出的推理合乎文意。詞句猜測題的解題方法包括利用指代關系、定義、定語、文章中的舉例、比較的詞語、構詞法知識、上下文語境、因果關系來推測詞義。28．推理判斷題。根據第一段的"Researchspanningseveraldecadesdemonstratesthatyouaremorelikelytothinktheinformationthatisrepeatedtobetruethantheinformationyouhearonlyonce.Youusuallyassumethatifpeopleputinefforttorepeatastatement,thisreflectsthetruthofthestatement.Thistendency-alsocalledthetrutheffect-isabiasthatcanleadyoutodrawincorrectconclusions.(幾十年的研究表明，與只聽到一次的信息相比，你更有可能認為重復的信息是真實的。你通常認為，如果人們努力重復一句話，這就