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2019年高考英語冠詞語法復習(真題+講解)
真題再現
1.(真題浙江高考)Jane'sgrandmotherhadwantedtowritechildren'sbookfor
manyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinway.
A.a:不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a:the
2.Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeengradualprocessthroughout
humanexistence,fromstonetoolstomodemtechnology.
A.不填,theB.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a
3.(真題重慶高考)IjustheardbankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedby__gunman
wearingamask.
A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the
4.Samhasbeenappointed__manageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotake___placeof
George.
A./,/B.the,/C.the;theD./,the
5.(真題陜西高考)morelearnedamanis,moremodestbeusually
become.
A.The;theB.A;aC.The;aD.A;the
6.Beingabletoafforddrinkwouldbecomfortinthosetoughtimes.
A.the;theB.a;aC.a;不填D.不填;a
7.Hemissedgoldinthehighjump,butwillgetsecondchanceinthelongjump.
A.the;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.a;不填
8.(真題四川高考)Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;heisverylikelytobe
Beethoven.
A.aB.anC.theD.不填
l.Do句意:多年來,簡的奶奶想寫一本有關于兒童的書,但總是被這樣或那樣的原因阻礙
了。第一個空使用不定冠詞表泛指,第二個intheway是固定搭配,意為擋道或阻礙。定冠
詞用于特指或者是固定搭配,不定冠詞用于泛指。
2.Co第一空process是可數名詞,第一次出現一般用不定冠詞,且此次表示“一個”的
概念;第二空existence是不可數名詞,其此處表示抽象概念,故用零冠詞。
3.Co此題考查的知識點是冠詞。bank后有定語從句修飾,表特指,gunman普通名詞,
表泛指。故C正確。
4.Do句意:Sam被任命為工程部經理取代了George。表示官銜職務的名詞作補語和同
位語時,前不加冠詞。而第二個空白處為固定短語“taketheplace。仔,是“代替,取代”之意。
因此,正確答案為D選項。
5.A。句意:一個人越有學識,他就越可能更謙虛,使用the+比較級+主謂,【he+比較
級+主謂的句型,所以選A.
6.Boadnnk意為:一杯飲料;第二空中的acomfort意為:一件令人安慰的事。句意:
在那些艱難的歲月里,能買得起一杯飲料是一種莫大的安慰。
7.Co第一空特指“跳高的金牌”。第二空泛指又有了一次機會。句意:他在跳高中與金
牌失之交臂。但他在跳遠中還有機會。asecond表示“還有,再有”的意思。而thesecond表
示的是“第二次”的意思。
8.Ao像名人一類的人或者用名人代替其作品,要在其名字前加上不定冠詞a/an,表示
“一類人中的一個”。句意:Brian有音樂創作天賦,他很有可能成為像貝多芬一類的人物。
用法講解
高考考查重點
1.不定冠詞a/an表示個別或泛指的用法;定冠詞the特指某一個人或事物的用法;
2.冠詞在固定搭配中的用法,包括零冠詞(即不用冠詞)表示泛指及其習慣搭配用法;
3.不定冠詞在具體化抽象名詞前的用法;
4.冠詞在比較級前的用法;
5.冠詞在其他特殊結構中的用法;
6.用不用冠詞意義大不相同的短語。
不定冠詞的重點用法
1.a用于半元音(輔音)auniversity,auniform,ausualthing,anumbrella,anhour,anhonor,an
honestman
注意下列字母前用an:s,h,x,m,f,r
Thereisan"s"inthewordskill.
Ittookmehalfanhourtofinishthetask.
2.抽象名詞具體化:success,surprise,pity,honor,smoke
It'sapitythatyoucannotcome.
Ybuareasuccess.
Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!
It'sanhonortobeheretotalkwithyou.
3.不可數名詞前表一份、一杯、一陣、一種:acoffee/tea/fog/rain/snow/wind
Therewasaheavyrainduringthenight.
Twoteas,please.
Thereisawindshakingthewindow.
4.序數詞前加不定冠詞表示"又一“:asecond,athird
Doitasecondtime,andI'msureyouwillsucceed.
5.表“某一”(acertain):
AMr.Smithwantstoseeyou.
Aboyiswaitingforyou.
HehasjustcomebackfromaBeijingfactory.
6.amost
Beijingisamostbeautifulcityintheworld.
7.不定冠詞用于單數可數名詞前表示身份、職業,尤其用在作表語或賓語補足語的名詞前。
Sheisahighschoolteacher.HernameisLiFang.
TheWhiteswantedtheirdaughtertobeamusician.
注意:獨一無二的職位名詞在句中做表語、補語和同位語時,一般不用冠詞,但是如果
做了句子的主語或是賓語時候,要在前面加冠詞。
Heiscaptainoftheteam.
ZhangFei,monitoroftheirclass,isgoodatEnglish.
Themanagerofthecompanyisgoodatcommunication.
8.表示"同一“,相當于thesame0即:be+of+a/an+n=be+of+thesame+n
Thetwoboysareofanage.
Cottonofakindwasstoredtogetherinahouse.
9.不定冠詞用在表示數量、長度、時間等的計數單位的名詞前,表示“每一”。
Theymeteachotheronceamonth.
Thecarmoved100milesanhour.
iheenvelopesareoneyuanadozen.
Emilygoestoseehergrandmothertwiceaweek.
10.用于許多慣用短語中
haveacold感冒;havearest休息;haveaquarrel爭吵;
haveafever發燒;haveatoothache牙疼;haveadance跳舞;
havealook看看;haveawordwithsb.同某人談話;haveatry試一下;
haveagoodtime玩得高興;haveagoodsleep好好睡一覺;goforawalk散步;
takeabath洗澡;tellalie撒謊;waitamoment等一會;
withalightheart愉快地:witiiasmile微笑著;withaneffort努力地:
asaresult因此;onceinawhile偶爾;fbramoment=fbrawhile一會兒;
makeaface做鬼臉;inahurry匆忙地;dosb.afavour幫某人忙:
takeanactivepartin積極參加;atatime每次;asawhole作為整體;
allofasudden突然;onceuponatime從前;inaword總之
注意:
有一部分不可數名詞當表示具體的概念時可以在其前加a,表示“一個……的人”或“一
件的事“,如:success做“成功”講時是不可數名詞,但asuccess指一個成功的人/一件成
功的事。但是也有一些不可數名詞不論其前有無形容詞,也不論譯為什么意思其前都不能加
不定冠詞,如work,fun,information,weather,news,advice,progress等。但是這些詞匯當表示
特指的意思時可以在前面加定冠詞the。如:IheweatherofBeijing.
定冠詞the的重點用法
i.用在表示方向、方位的名詞前。
Thebirdsarcflyingtothenorth.
Hestoodatthebackofthedoor.
注意:方位詞用作副詞時前不用任何冠詞,如flysoulh;turnrigh【;方位詞成對使用構
成平行結構時,不用定冠詞。
Theriveristwothousandkilometerslongfromwesttoeast.
Theytraveledthroughthecountryfromsouthtonorth.
2.用在樂器名詞前,表示演奏;但樂器名詞表示具體的器物,或表示課程時,不加the。
Shecanplaythepiano.
Heplaystheviolinverywell.
Heplayedtheguitarforthechildren.
Heboughtapianolastmonth.
Shetaughtpianointheschool.
3.用在表示計算單位的名詞前,即:by+the+w含有“每,每一”的意思。
Jimispaidbythehour.
Eggsaresoldbythekilogram.
注意:by+weight中的weight前不加任何冠詞;另外,“in+復數名詞”也可以表示按什
么計量,bemeasuredinmeters(按米測量)
4.動詞(hit,pull,pat,strike,catch,hold,take,lead)+sb.+介詞(in,on,by,across)+the+身體部位
或衣著。
Shetouchedhimontheshoulder.
Helookthegirlbythehand.
Hehitheronthenose.
注意:在這一句型中要注意兩點:介詞的選擇;the不可以換為one's.
5.用在表示自然現象的名詞前。如:therain雨,thewind風,thefog霧,thesnow雪,theair
空氣,thestorm風暴,thesnowstorm暴風雪
Don'tstandintherain.
Thewindblewdownthetrees.
Therainhascleanedtheair.
注意:這類名詞前有形容詞修飾時,可用不定冠詞,表示“一場,一陣,一種“;表示一
般物質時.,不用冠詞
Acoldwindisblowingfromthenorth.
Therewasaheavyrainlastnight.
Aheavysnowisfallingoutside.
Rainfallsinsummer;snowfallsinwinter.
6.用在某些習慣用語中
torthemostpart大多數;bytheway順便說一下;allthetime始終
inthemiddleof在中間;ontheonehand一方面;
gototheconcert/cinema/theater去聽音樂會/看電影/看戲
atthemoment當時,此刻;alltheyearround一年到頭;
ontheotherhand另一方面;intheafternoon/morning/night在下午、上午、晚上;
intheyear2008在2008年;allthesame依然;onthewhole總之;
althesametime同時;iheolherday在不久前某天;aliheboilomof在...底部;
intheend終于;inthe(laytime白天
下面幾個短語前不加定冠詞:
atdawn在黎明;atnight在晚上;atnoon在正午;atdusk在黃昏.
零冠詞的重點用法
1.名詞前有指示代詞,物主代詞,不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾,不用冠詞.
Ilikethispicturebetter.Isthatyourbook?
Astimewenton,Einstein'stheoryprovedtobecorrect.
2.turn用作系動詞(變成)后的單數名詞作表語時用零冠詞,對比“become+a+曖。
Hisbrotherhasturnedwriter.
Didhebecomeascientist?
3.用在“表示類型的名詞(kind/sort/type)+of...”這一結構后的單數名詞用零冠詞。
Thewarmthofthesweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortofwoolused.
4.“零冠詞+單數可數名詞+as/though+主語+謂語,+主句”意為“雖然/盡管,但是“。
Heroasheis,hehassomeshortcomings.
5.在一些成對出現的短語中不用冠詞。
arminarm手挽手;handinhand手牽手;sidebyside肩對肩;dayandday日日夜夜;
youngandold老老少少;fromdoortodoor挨門挨戶;
frombeginningtoend從頭到尾;frommorningtillnight從早到晚
類別的表示方式
表示類別有三種方式:a(n)+單數名詞、the+單數名詞、零冠詞+復數名詞
但是這三種方法各有側重:
the指的是整個類別,這個類別是可以區別于另一個類別的。
ThecompasswasinventedinChina,butthecomputerwasnot.
a(n)側重于指類別中任何一個的特點。
Atigerisatypeofverylargefiercewildcatthathasyellowfurwithblackbandsacross.
不用冠詞的復數名詞側重指類別的許多個體。
Childrenusuallystartwalkingaroundtheageofone.
Doyoulikehorses?
在類指時如何使用冠詞要根據所要表達內容的具體情況而定。
Thetigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.
(不能說Atigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.
瀕臨滅絕指的是整個虎類,而不是任何一只老虎都面臨滅絕的危險.)
序數詞前的冠詞使用規律
定冠詞用在序數詞前,也用在表示序列的nextjast等前。
ThefirstmantolandonthemoonisanAmerican.
Thismaybethelastchance.
注意:
the+last+n有兩種含義:“最后一個''和"最不可能或最不樂意
Heisthelastpersontosaysuchwords.
HeisthelastpersonIwantedtosee.
“不定冠詞+序數詞%表示“又一,再一”。
Canyougivemeasecondchance,please?(asecondchance=anotherchance)
Weplayedtwodraws(平局)theotherday,butwhenItriedathirdtime,Iwasbeaten.(athird
lime不是有計劃地從前兩次排下來的。)
序數詞表示名次時,前面一般不用任何冠詞
ZhouLanwasfirst./ZhouLancameoutfirst.
Hecamefirstintherace.
姓氏及人名前的冠詞使用情況
“a/an+姓氏單數”表示某家族的一個成員。
HiswifeisaKennedy.=HiswifeisamemberoftheKennedyfamily.
“a/an+作家、畫家的姓氏單數”表示其作品。
HaveyougotacompleteLuXun?=HaveyougotasetofLuXun'scompleteworks?
“a/an+姓氏單數”表示“某個叫……的人”、“某位姓……的人"。說話人只知道其姓氏,
不知道名字,或者是說話人內心有所指,但又不十分明確或者是說話人有意隱瞞。例如:
OurmusicteacherisaMissWhite.
“a/an+姓+名”表示與該人(多指名人)有類似性格特征的人,可譯成“一個像……
一樣的人”、“一個和……相似的人”。
OnlyaLuXun(=agreatwriterlikeLuXun)couldhavewrittenthat.
HeisaLeiFenginourclass.
“the+姓氏單數”表示特指“某位姓……的人”,常用來區別同姓的兩個或兩個以上的
人。
Idon'trefertotheLaoWangwhoworksinthiscompany.
“the+姓氏復數”表示某一家人,或一家人中的夫妻倆、姐妹倆、兄弟倆。此結構在
句中作主語時,謂語動詞為復數形式。
TheGreensareattable.
要注意下列特殊情況
農歷節日前用the:theSpringFestival;theMid-autumnFestival;
在河流、海洋、山川、海島、海峽、沙漠等專有名詞前,以及用于由普通名詞構成(或
含有普通名詞)的專有名詞如國名、地名、團體、機構、黨派、報紙、雜志、事件、建筑物
等前用the。
theYellowRiver黃河theRedSea紅海
theIndianOcean印度洋theTaiwanStraits臺灣海峽
theSahara(Desert)撒哈拉大沙漠theUnitedStates美國
theTimes泰晤士報theGreatWall長城
theGreatCulturalRevolution文化大革命theNewYorkTimes紐約時報
地名前用a可以表示具有和該地名同樣特征的另一地方。
Asisknowntousall,SuzhouisaVeniceinChina.
名詞前有無冠詞有很大區別的用法對比:
attable在進餐;atthetable在桌子旁邊
atdesk在讀書;atthedesk在課桌旁
atschool在上學;attheschool在學校里
bysea乘船;bythesea在海邊
inclass在上課;intheclass在班級里面
inbed臥床;inthebed在床上
inprison坐牢;intheprison(因事)在監獄
inhospital住院:inthehospital(因事)在醫院
gotoschool去上學;gototheschool(因事)去學校
gotosea當水手;gotothesea去海邊
gotobed上床睡覺;gotothebed在床上
gotochurch去做禮拜;gotothechurch去教堂里
gotohospital去看病;gotothehospital去醫院
takeplace發生;taketheplace代替
inplaceof代替;intheplaceof在....的地方
incaseof萬一;inthecaseof就...來說
outofquestion亳無疑問;outofthequestion完全不可能
sb.beinchargeofsth.某人負責某事物;sth.beinthechargeofsb.某事物由某人掌管
冠詞在句中的特殊位置
在通常情況下,冠詞總是放在被修飾和說明的名詞之前,若名詞前帶有定語修飾語,冠
詞則放在相應的定語之前。但是當名詞前的修飾語涉及以下詞語時,情況會比較特殊:
1.such/what+a+adj+n
Thishospitalisapatternofwhatagoodhospitalshouldbe.
2.how/however/so/too/as+adj+a+n
Shecouldnotforgivesoterribleaninsulttoherpride.
Hehastoomildanaturetogetangry,evenifhehasgoodcause.
3.rather/quitea+〃
若單數可數名詞前有rather,quile修飾,則不定冠詞必須常放在這些詞之后。
Yourdaughterisquiteabeauty.
并列名詞中冠詞的省略
前有后無型(前一名詞帶冠詞,后一名詞無冠詞的情況):
用and或oi?連接的兩詞表示同類或同一行業的人,而不致發生混淆時,后一名詞前的
冠詞常承前省略
Canwehaveamedicalexaminationwithoutadoctorornurseintheroom?
兩名詞指同一個人時,后名前冠詞必須省略。
ThepoetandwritercalledattheeditorialdepartmentofEnglishPictorial
lastweek.
相連兩物為一整體時,后名前冠詞省略;如果分用兩個冠詞,意義稍有不同:
Ididbuyawatchandchainyesterday.(我昨天確實買了一塊帶鏈子的手表。)
Ididbuyawatchandachainyesterday.(我昨天確實買了一塊表和一條表鏈。)類似“配
對出現”的詞組還有:aknifeandfork一副刀叉;acupandsaucer一套杯碟;
ahorseandcart一輛車馬;alockandkey一把帶鑰匙的鎖;aneedleandthread一根穿了線
的針;acoatandtie一件配有領帶的上衣
前后均無型(前后冠詞都可省略的情況):
相對應的兩名詞:Therelationsbetweenparentandchildareexcellent.
類似的詞組有:husbandandwife;fatherandson;causeandeffect:solidsorliquids
相關的兩名詞連用,尤其在諺語中:
Penandinkiswit'splough.(筆墨是開發才智之利器。)
Timeandtidewaitfornoman.(歲月不待人。)
稱呼語中:boysandgirls;ladiesandgentlemen
固定習語中:dayandnight;heartandsoul;truthandhonesty
前后冠詞都不能省略的情況:
連用的名詞具有不同的概念,或表示選擇的概念時,冠詞均不可省略
Theyhadwalkedadayandanightbeforetheyreached(hefront.
連用的名詞具有相同的概念,但具有不同的修飾語:alighlballandaheavyball
前后名詞的冠詞不相同時:
Aladyandthewriterwrotethenoveltogether.
(一位女士和這位作家合寫了這部小說。)
冠詞的用法記憶口訣
the口訣:專有與限制,互知已提及;
a/an口訣:單一每一和任一,抽象名詞變具體:
零冠詞口訣:不數復數表泛指,稱呼職務和頭銜。
一、單項選擇
1.(真題陜西省西安地區八校高三下學期聯考)Whenyoufinishreadingthe
novel,youwillhavebetterunderstandingofsociety.
A.a;theB.the;aC.不填;theD.a;
不填
2.—Johnhasputforwardmostchallengingquestionforustoanswer.
一Yes,itreallyis.Ihaveneverheardharderone.
A.the;不填B.不填;theC.the;theD.a;a
3.(真題重慶市巴蜀中學高三下學期第二次模擬考試)
—Whyareyousocrazyaboutmusic?
—BecauseIcanalwaysfindinmusicpeacethatismissinginworld
fullofchallenges.
A.the;aB.the;/C./;aD./;the
4.Themarketforusedcomputersisgettinglargerandlargeras
yearsgoon.
A.不填,不填B.the,不填C.the,theD.不填,
the
5.“CharleyOakley,NBAAll-star,hasn'tmissedgameinthe
pastthreeyears.”“Icanhardlybelieveit.”
A.an;theB.a;theC.the;aD.an;a
6.Inthemarket,vegetablesaresoldbykilogram,Imean,by
weight.
A.the;不填B.不填;不填C.the;theD.不
填;the
7.Manypeopleagreethat__knowledgeofEnglishisamustin
internationaltradetoday.
A.the,anB.a,不填C.the,theD.不填,
the
8.Thecakesaredelicious.Tdliketohavethirdoneas_secondoneIate
wastoosmall.
A.the,theB.a,theC.the,aD.a,a
9.EnglandofthoseyearswasEnglandinpeace.
A.不填,不填B.The,anC.The,不填D.不
填,an
10.一Didyouhappentoseeblackandwhitecat?
一Aretheymissing?Itoldyoutotakecareofthem.
A.a;不填B.the;不填C.ihe;theD.a;
the
11.—uDoyouknowEnglishfbr,帥哥7
—"I'mafraidIdon't.I'mnotinterestedinEnglishlanguage.”
A.the,theB.the,不填C.不填,the
D.不填,不填
12.1couldn'tremembertheexactdateofthestorm,butIknewitwas
Sundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.
A.a,theB.a,不填C.不填,aD.不
填,不填
13.Whichpersondoyoureferto,theonewithlonghairortheonewith
longbeard?
A.a,aB.不填,不填C.a,不填D.不填,a
14.1oncewatchedone-actplay,whichwasplayedby
11-year-oldboy.
A.a,aB.an,anC.a,anD.an,a
15.一Haveyouseenpen?Ileftitherethismorning.
一Isitblackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.
A.a,theB.the,theC.a,aD.the,a
16.—Haveyouseenpen?Ileftitherethismorning.
——Isitblackone?Ifounditinthecomer.
A.a,theB.the,theC.a,aD.
the,a
17.—Haveyouseennewbike?Iputitherejustnow.
—Isitwhiteone?Aboyhasriddenitaway.
A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.the;a
18.MyfriendMaryisbeautifulgirlandgirleveryonelikestowork
with.
A.a,aB.a,theC.the,aD.the,the
19.Whodoyouthinkwilltakeofficenextmonthandbecome
presidentofthatcountry?
A.the;aB.a;/C.the;theD.
20.Thepartywassuccess.Wesanganddanceduntilitcametoendat
midnight.
A.a;anB.a;theC.the;anD.
/;an
二、完形填空
(真題北京高考)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、
D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上講該項涂黑。
AWelcomeGift
Darioandhismotherlovedtheirnewapartment.Thelivingroomwaslarge
enoughfbrtheirpiano.Thatnight,thetwoofthem1sidebysideatthepiano.
Theyplayedjazzmusictocelebratetheirnewhome.Theloud2filledtheroom
andmadethemfeelveryhappy.
Thenextmorning,3,theirhappinessdisappeared.Someonehadlefta_4
undertheirdoorduringthenight.Oneoftheirneighborhadwrittentocomplain(抱
怨)aboutthesoundofthepiano.Dario'smotheraskedthebuildingsuperintendent
(管理員)ifheknewanythingaboutit.Buthesaidthattheywereall5people
andhecouldn'timagineanyofthemhaddonethat.Laterthatmorning,Dario
suggestedthattheywritealettertotheir6andapologizefortheirplaying.
“Maybewecouldgoand7everyoneinpersonhismothersaid.
“Whatifwcinvitedthemtocomeherefbra8instead?Darioasked.
Theybothlovedthe9.Overthenextfewdays,theysentoutinvitationsand
prepareddesserts10theirguests.Theydecoratedtheapartmentwith
streamers(彩帶)andpartylights.
Finally,thedayoftheparty11.Someguestsbroughtpresents.Others
broughtflowers.Someevenbroughtdessertsto12.Onewoman,Mrs.Gilbert,
13Dario'smotherwithabookofpianomusicbyChopin.
“Iheardyouplayingtheothernight,“shesaid."Thesoundswokemeoutofbed.
I14thatyoumightplaylikethiseverynight.SoIwroteashortnote.Ihope
youdon'tthinkIdislikedtheplaying.”
Dario'smothersmiledatMrs.Gilbert.thinkmaybewe15youan
apology."shesaid."Ididn't16howlateitwaswhenwewereplaying.Maybe
weshouldplaysomequietermusicatnight.
“Youplay,youplay!”Mrs.Gilbertsaid.4tIlikewhatyouplay!Justnotsoloud
atnight."Shepointedtothebookshehadgiventhem.''Thesesongsarenotsuch
17music.”
“Thesesongsarebeautifulmusic."Dario'smothersaid."Wewillbe18to
playthemintheevening.”
“Andwewon'tplaysoloudorlate!,,Dariosaid.Hewasalreadylooking
forwardto19thenewmusic.Morethanthat,however,hewashappytoseethe
bigsmileonhismother'sface.Itgavehimafeelingof20andmadehimfeeltli
theywerehomeatlast.
1.A.satB.stoodC.layD.
walked
2.A.voiceB.ringC.musicD.
cry
3.A.thereforeB.howeverC.otherwiseD.
instead
4.A.noteB.posterC.billD.
report
5.A.proudB.richC.luckyD.
nice
6.A.neighborsB.friendsC.relativesD.
audience
7.A.blameB.instructC.questionD.
visit
8.A.partyB.concertC.showD.
Play
9.A.experienceB.ideaC.performanceD.
action
1().A.toB.withC.forD.
from
11.A.continuedB.arrivedC.passedD.
finished
12.A.orderB.sellC.shareD.
advertise
13.A.treatedB.presentedC.helpedD.
served
14.A.promisedB.admittedC.agreedD.
worried
15.A.giveB.sendC.offerD.
owe
16.A.realizeB.rememberC.understandD.
accept
17.A.sweetB.strangeC.funnyD.
loud
18.A.braveB.sorryC.happyD.
afraid
19.A.changingB.practicingC.recordingD.
writing
20.A.equalityB.freedomC.warmthD.
sympathy
三、閱讀理解
閱讀下面短文,從題中所給的四個選項(48,(2和口)中選擇正確的答案。
Whalispoliteness?Thissoundslikeasimplequestion.Indailylife,weoften
makejudgmentsaboutwhatispoliteandwhatisnotpolite.Forexample,tooffer
yourseattotheelderlyonabusisconsideredpolitebehavior,andtointerruptwhen
someoneistalkingisconsideredimpolite;togreetsomeonethefirsttimeyoumeet
himinthemorningispoliteandtostanduptoreachforthedishyouwantatadinner
tableisimpolite.Sopolitenesscanfirstofallberegardedasaphenomenon,an
observablesocialphenomenon.
WhatIwouldliketoproposeisthatasanobservablesocialphenomenon,
politenessissomethingsuperficial,buttoaccountforwhatisunderstoodatthe
surface,weshoulddigintothedepthwheredifferentculturalvaluesarerooted.
Whenbeingcomplimented(贊美),anEnglish-speakingpersonwouldreadily
acceptthecomplimentbysayingsomethinglike"Thankyou1'toshowhis
appreciationofthepraise,butaChinesespeakerwouldtrytodenythetruthofthe
compliment.Theyboththinktheyarebehavingproperly.Yetneitherofthemwould
thinktheotherisbeingpolite.TheEnglishspeakerisbeingpolitetotheextentthatby
acceptingandshowingappreciationofthecompliment,andheavoidshurtingthe
positivefaceofthepersonwhomakesit;theChinesespeakerisshowingmodestyby
denigratinghimself,ignoringthefactofthecomplimentpaidtohim.Ashasbeen
mentioned,self-denigrationhasbeenatthecoreoftheChineseunderstandingof
politenessforovertwothousandyears.TheChinese,inordertoshowmodesty,will
gotosuchlengthsastounderratewhathehimselfhasachievedanddenythetruthof
acomplimentaryremark.
1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,politenesscanbebrieflydescribedas.
A.propersocialphenomenaB.beingmodest
C.showingappreciationD.anobservablesocialphenomenon
2.Intheauthor'sopinion,thenatureofpolitenessliesin.
A.somethingsuperficialB.whatisunderstoodatthesurface
C.differentculturalvaluesD.therootofdifferentthoughts
3.Theunderlinedword"denigrate"inthepassagemeans.
A.appreciateB.denyC.ignoreD.
compliment
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Chinesespeakersdislikebeingcomplimented.
B.English-speakingpeoplearereluctanttoacceptcompliment.
C.Chinesetendtoshowpolitenessandmodestybydenyingthetruthofpraise.
D.ChinesepeoplethinkhighlyofBritishpolitenesswhileEnglishpeoplethink
poorlyof
Chinesepoliteness.
5.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsChinesepoliteness?
A.Approving.B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Critical
四、短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作
文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、
刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(八),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Onlineshoppingisincreasingpopularamongpeopleinrecentyears.Some
peoplelikedtobuygoodsonline.AndIdon'tlikeit,becauseonlineshoppingisless
reliablethanthetraditionalsale.Firstly,somedishonestmerchantofferconsumersto
falseinformationonline.Secondly,consumerscan'tfeeltheitemsusuallypresentby
meansofpictures.Thismeanstheitemsdeliveredmaydifferfromwhichconsumers
expect.Asaresult,theymayriskreturningtheitemsatourownexpense.Thirdly,the
itemsmightdamagedduringdeliver.
五、語法填空
(1)
Itseemsthattheoldtraditionofchildrengettingabedtimestorybeforesleeping
isdisappearinginBritain.Anewstudyshowsthataroundathirdofparentsdonot
readbedtimestoriestotheirchildren.ThestudybyLalsofindsthat
up]50percentofchildrenwouldprefertowatchTVorplaycomputergames
thanbereadastory.ResearchersfurtherdiscoveredthatfivepercentofBritish
childrenundersevendonotevenown2book.Parentscameup
with3(vary)reasonswhytheydidnotreadtotheirlittleones.Theresearchers
questionedhundredsofparents,thirteenpercentof4blamedalackoftime.
Besides,someparentssaidtheirchildrenweresimplynotinterested.
Theresearchers5(work)withBritishpopstarNatashaHamiltontotryand
changethissincelastmonth.Theyhavelaunchedabedtime
story-writing6(compete)forchildrenunderseven.MsHamiltonsaid,"I'm
reallyexcitedtoseeallthedifferentstoryideasandcan'twaittosee7thekids
comeupwith.8(choose)awinnerisnotgoingtobeeasy."Shespokeabouther
ownjoy9amotherinreadingbedtimestories,saying,havethreekids.Iknow
justhowenjoyablereadingbedtimestoriestomykidsis."Aspokesmanfrom
Lsaid,“Weappreciatehowimportant10isforparentsandkidsto
spendqualitytimetogether,andbedtimestoriesareagreatwaytodojustthis.”
(2)
Nowadays,manycitiesaresufferingfromsmog,theshortfonnofsmokeand
fog.Itisespeciallyharmfultochildren,seniors,pregnantwomen,smokersand
people]lungorheartproblems.
Animportantcomp
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