雙基限時練(十一)Unit4PartⅡⅠ.單詞拼寫1．ItwasNewtonwhofoundthelawof________(萬有引力)．答案gravity2．Herfavoritesubjectis________(生物學(xué))．答案biology3．Theywantedtomovetoawarmer________(氣候)．答案climate4．Iliketolistentoher________(溫存的)voice.答案gentleⅡ.單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞)1．Shewasalwaysgentle________thechildreninthekindergarten,neverhittingnorscoldingthem.答案與解析with句意：她對幼兒園的孩子總是很溫存，從來不打不罵。begentlewithsb.“對某人溫存(柔)的”。2．Makesurethecurtainsyouchoosecanblock________thestrongsunshinethatmightcomeinyourroom.答案與解析out句意：確保你選的窗簾能阻隔猛烈的陽光進入你的房間。blockout此處意為“攔住(光線)”，符合句意。3．Themotorcyclecrashed________thefence.答案與解析into句意：摩托車猛地撞在圍欄上。crashinto“撞上……”，為固定搭配。4．________hesaidatthemeetingmadeallofuspresentfeelworried.答案與解析Whatwhat引導(dǎo)主語從句并充當(dāng)said的賓語。句意：他在會上的講話使在場的人都很擔(dān)憂。5．Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and________mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.答案與解析whatwhat引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語。6．Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.答案與解析that句意：他突然想起他把鑰匙落在辦公室里了。Itoccurredtosb.that...表示“某人想起……”。it在句中作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。7．________youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.答案與解析Thatthat引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中不作成分。8．________surprisesusmostisthatshedoesn'tevenknow________thedifferencebetweenthetwolies.答案與解析What;where句意：讓我們最吃驚的是她竟然不知道兩者的區(qū)分在哪兒。“Whatsurprisesusmost”是主語從句，what在從句中作主語；“wherethedifferencebetweenthetwolies”是賓語從句，where表示的是抽象地點。9．Itdoesn'tmatter________youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.答案與解析whether句意：在十字路口無論你向左轉(zhuǎn)還是向右轉(zhuǎn)都沒有關(guān)系，兩條路都通向公園。句中的it是形式主語，whether引導(dǎo)主語從句。whether...or...意為“是……還是……；不管……還是……”。10．________willwinthegamehasnothingtodowithme.答案與解析Whowho引導(dǎo)主語從句。11．It'sreallynobusinessofyours________Ispendmysummerholidays.答案與解析where句意：我在什么地方度暑假真的與你無關(guān)。本句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是從句whereIspendmysummerholidays。12．Hasitbeenreported________thenextmannedspacecraftistobelaunched?答案與解析that主語從句的變形：Itis＋reported＋that-clause，此句為現(xiàn)在完成時結(jié)構(gòu)。Ⅲ.用主語從句翻譯句子1．Itisnoneofyourbusiness________________(別人怎么看你)．答案whatotherpeoplethinkaboutyou2．________________(他是否回來)hasnothingtodowithme.答案Whetherhewillcomeornot3．________________(他所要的)istohaveagoodrest.答案Whathewants4．Itisbelieved________________(他能解決這個問題)．答案thathecansolvetheproblem5．It'scertain________________(他能獲勝)．答案thathewillwin6．________________(他什么時候動身)isstillunknown.答案Whenhewillstart7．________________(將來辦公樓建在哪里)isoutofquestion.答案Wheretheofficebuildingwillbebuilt8．________________(事故是怎樣發(fā)生的)isnotcleartoanyone.答案Howtheaccidenthappened9．________________(凡是遲到的)isexpectedtocometomyofficeafterclass.答案Whoeverislate10．________________(打破了哪一個窗戶)isunknown.答案WhichwindowisbrokenⅣ.閱讀理解AOnaclearnightyoumightseetheMoon,someplanetsandthousandsofsparklingstarsinthesky.Youcanseeevenmorewithatelescope(望遠鏡).Andyoumightalsoseemanylargerstarsandsomereally“redorblue”ones.Thebiggerthetelescopesare,themoreobjectsanddetailsyouwillseeinthesky.Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethings,so-calledblackholes,intheskythatwewillneversee,evenwiththebiggesttelescopeontheclearestnight.They'rethemysteriousdeadstars.Itishardtoimaginethatstarsdie.Afterall,ourSunisastar.Yearafteryearweseeitupinthesky,burningbrightly，givingusheatandlight，whichcertainlydoesn'tseemtobegettingoldorweak.Butstarsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.Asastar'sgasesburn,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.Asthestarcools,theouterlayersofthestarpullintowardthecenter.Thestarwascrushed(擠壓)intoasmallerandsmallerball.Ifthestarwasverysmall，itendsupasacold,darkballcalledablackdwarf(矮星)．ImagineiftheEarthwascrusheduntilitwasthesizeofasmallball.That'showtightlythisdeadstar，ablackhole,ispacked.Itsgravityattractsineverything—evenlight,whichcannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That'swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.Sothenexttimeyoustareupatthenightsky,remember:there'smoreintheskythanmeetstheeye!Inthesilentdarknessareblackholes—thegreatmysteryofspace.1．Thepassagemainlytellsussomethingabout________.A.thenightsky B.thetelescopeC.theblackholes D.thegravity答案與解析C文章開篇描述夜空中有點點的繁星，然后指出用望遠鏡會看到更多的星星，但還是有一些看不見的“黑洞”，借此引出主題。然后認真分析黑洞的實質(zhì)、形成過程，從而漸漸揭開其奇特的面紗。所以文章的主題是“黑洞”，而其他事物都是鋪墊，是次要的。2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.ontheclearestnight，wecanfindablackholeintheskyB.wecanfindblackholeswiththehelpofthetelescopeC.wecanfindtheblackholesareredorblueincolorD.nobody，includingscientists，canseetheblackholes答案與解析D文章在對黑洞的描述中其次段指出“Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethings,so-calledblackholes,intheskythatwewillneversee,evenwiththebiggesttelescopeontheclearestnight.”以及第五段“...evenlight,whichcannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That'swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.”由此推斷，黑洞是不能被任何人觀察的，包括科學(xué)家。3．Wecanseethattheblackholesareactually________.A.theburningsunB.thecrushedearthC.somedeadstarsD.theemptyspace答案與解析C文章其次段對黑洞做了解釋和定義：They'rethemysteriousdeadstars和前文的so-calledblackholes對應(yīng)。4．Whydoesastardieaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisburntbythesun'slight.B.Itisattractedbytheearth'sgravity.C.Itrunsoutoflightandheatwhileburning.D.Itiscrushedbyotherbiggerstars.答案與解析C文章倒數(shù)第三段中提出：“Asastar'sgasesburn,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.”由此推斷，星星死亡的緣由是自身燃燒，散盡了光和熱。5．Wecannotseetheblackholesbecause________.A.wehavenogoodtelescopeB.therearenoblackholesatallC.theyaretoosmallandweakD.theyaretootightlypacked答案與解析D文章講到由于氣體燃燒殆盡，星體變小緊縮，由此產(chǎn)生很大的引力，吸取了一切的光，所以看不見他們，由此推斷答案為D項。BHello!MynameisLisa,andIamalioness.IliveontheopengrasslandsofAfricawithmyfamily.Lionslivinginagrouparecalledapride.Myfatherisstrongandpowerful.Heandhiscousinaretheleadersofourpride.Theothermembersaremymother,hersisters,andtheirchildren.Theareawhereapridelivesisbig!Weroar(咆哮)totelleachotherwhereweareandtowarnstrangerstostayaway.Meetmynewbabybrother.HisnameisLeon.Seethespotsonhisfur?Welionsarebornspottedorstriped(有條紋的).Aswegrowolder,thespotsgraduallydisappear.Lionessesusuallyspendtheirentireliveswiththeirbirthpride,butLeonwillleavewhenheisaboutthreeyearsold.He'llrunaroundwithamale(雄性的)friendorrelativeforafewyearsuntiltheytakeoveraprideoftheirown.Butfornow,wehavelotsoffuntogether.Weoftenplayandfightforhours,whichcanhelpuspracticeskillsthatwewillneedforhunting.Welionskeepourselvesveryclean.Justlikeahousecat,Icleanmyfur(毛)withmytongue.Wecleanforeachother,too,toshowwe'refriends.Lionsliketosleepformostoftheday.Wehuntinthecoolevening.Female(雌性的)lionshuntmoreoftenthanmalelions.Weworktogetherasateam.Attherightmoment,weattackandkillourprey.Thenweshareit.Malelionsusuallyeatfirst.Femaleseatnext.Babylionsarethelasttoeat.Thesmallestonegetstheleastfood.Sincewearefull,it'stimetogotofindaniceplaceforasleep.Bye!6.Lisainthispassageisthenameof________.A.agirl B.amalelionC.afemalelion D.apride答案與解析C依據(jù)第一段的“MynameisLisa,andIamalioness.”可知，Lisa是一只雌性獅