PAGE11-Unit1第一步速讀——了解文章主題和段落大意速讀P7教材課文，選擇最佳答案/匹配段落大意1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Copernicus'revolutionarytheoryandhiscontributiontothefieldofastronomy.B．Theearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.C．Thehistoryofastronomy.D．Copernicus—agreatscientist.2．(1)Para.1 A．Newobservationsdidn'tagreewiththe oldtheoryabouttheearth.(2)Para.2 B．Copernicus'theoryisthebasisof modernscienceabouttheuniverse.(3)Para.3 C．Copernicuswaspuzzledashefound theearthwasnotthecentreofthesolar system.(4)Para.4 D．Copernicus'newtheorythatthesun wasthecentrecouldexplainallthe phenomena.(5)Para.5 E．Copernicusimprovedhistheoryby collectingobservationsandusinghis mathematicalknowledge.[答案]1.A2.(1)－(5)CAEDB其次步細讀——把控文章關鍵信息細讀P7教材課文，選擇最佳答案1．Copernicusfeltconfusedandfrightened，because．A．hisconclusionwasagainstthatoftheChristianChurchB．hiscalculationswerewrongC．hisfindingswerefortheChristianChurchD．hefailedtoprovehistheory2．Thetheorythattheearthwasthecentreoftheuniversecouldn'texplainthat．A．GodhadmadetheworldB．alltheplanetsmovedaroundtheearthC．someplanetsappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothersD．theChristianChurchwaspowerful3．ItwasobviousthatCopernicusreachedhisconclusionby．A．reasoningandimaginationB．observationandcalculationC．observationandimaginationD．calculationandimagination4．What'stheChristianChurch'sattitudetowardsCopernicus'theory?A．TheChristianChurchobjectedtohistheory.B．TheChristianChurchwasinfavourofhistheory.C．TheChristianChurchpaidmuchattentiontohistheory.D．TheChristianChurchthoughthighlyofhistheory.5．WhydoesthewritersaythatitwasrightforCopernicustobecareful?A．BecausetheChristianChurchwouldhaveattackedhimifhehadpublishedhisideas.B．Becausescienceneedsone'scautionandcarefulness.C．BecauseCopernicusneededfurtherproofsbeforeheannouncedhistheories.D．Becausenoneofthepeopleofhistimewouldhavebelievedinhisideas.[答案]1－5ACBAA第三步研讀——實力升華接軌高考依據P7教材課文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式Therewasatime1.whenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodhadmadetheworld.Itwasbecauseofthatreason2.thattheearthwasthought3.tobe(be)thecentreofthesolarsystem.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardaboutitand4.tried(try)tofindananswer.However，allhismathematical5.calculations(calculation)ledtothesameconclusionthattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplaceda6.fixed(fix)sunatthecentreofthesolarsystem，the7.movement(move)oftheotherplanets8.made(make)sense.TheChristianChurchrejected9.his(he)theory.Buthistheoryisnowthebasisonwhichallourideasoftheuniverse10.arebuilt(build).Ⅰ.單詞拼法依據漢語或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞1．Theyhaveworkedwonderswithkidsthatotherschoolshadrejected(拒絕)．2．IbelievethattheInternethaspositive(主動的)effectsonourlives.3．Theenginestopped.Theboatspun(旋轉)likeatopandahugewavecameatme.4．Hisresearchhascontributedgreatlytoourunderstandingofthisdisease.5．Youmustbecautiouswhileyouarevisitinginazoo，forsomeanimalsarefierce!6．Theboystaredatthesky，wonderinghowtheuniversecameintobeing.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯依據詞性和漢語提示，寫出下列單詞1．movev.移動，搬動→movementn.移動；運動；動作2．constructvt.建設；修建→constructionn.建設；建筑物3．enthusiasticadj.熱忱的；熱心的→enthusiasmn.熱心；熱忱Ⅲ.補全短語依據提示補全下列短語1．apartfrom 除……之外；此外2．(be)strictwith... 對……嚴格的3．makesense 講得通；有意義4．leadto 通向；導致5．contributeto 有助于；捐獻；對……起作用；促成Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語的適當形式填空1．Higherwagesdriveupthecostofproduction，leadingtohigherprices.2．Ireallythinkhisreasonfordoingitmakessense．3．Whichbookswillyouborrow，apartfromthisone?4．Doessmokingcontributetolungcancer?背教材原句記句式結構仿寫促落實1.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清晰。onlyif...置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝Onlyifyouworkhardcanyouachieveyourgoal.只有努力學習，你才能實現目標。2.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.于是，他在1510年至1514年期間從事這項探討，逐步修改他的理論，直到他感到完善時為止?，F在分詞作伴隨狀語Sarahpretendedtobecheerful，sayingnothingabouttheargument.莎拉假裝很興奮，對爭吵的事一字未提。3.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把固定的太陽放在太陽系的中心，別的行星都圍繞太陽轉動，只有月亮仍舊圍繞地球轉動。with復合結構作伴隨狀語Shewentshoppingwithherdaughtergoingwithher.在女兒的陪伴下，她去購物了。constructionn.結構；建設；建筑物；說明；意義(教材P4)Lookatthesesimpleverbsandmakeanotherconstructionusingmake＋a＋noun.看這些簡潔的動詞，并用“make＋a＋名詞”構成另一個結構。(1)(be)underconstruction 正在建設中；在施工(2)constructvt. 建筑；建設；修建；組成(3)constructiveadj. 建設性的；有助于的；主動的(4)constructorn. 建筑者；制造者①It'sdangeroustogetclosetothebuildingunderconstruction.靠近正在建設中的大樓是有危急的。②Thenewairportbeingconstructedliesintheeastofthecity.正在修建的新機場位于該市東部。Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbytheflood，andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.工人們正在建立被洪水毀壞的那座橋，這座正在建設中的橋與通向城鎮的道路相連。contributevt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助；導致；投稿；發表看法(教材P4)tocontribute捐獻；投稿(1)contribute...to... 把……貢獻給……contributeto 促進；有助于；發表看法(2)contributionn. 捐獻；貢獻；捐助；稿件makeacontributiontosth. 對……有貢獻/給……捐助①Manywarm-heartedpeoplecontributedsomemoneytothesickgirl.很多熱心腸的人為那個生病的女孩捐獻了一些錢。②Hemadeanoutstandingcontribution(contribute)toscience.他對科學做出了杰出的貢獻。③I'msureyoursuggestionwillcontributetosolving(solve)theproblem.我信任你的建議肯定有助于問題的解決。Thewritercontributesmostofthemoney，whichsheearnsbycontributingarticlestosomenewspapers，tosomepoorchildren.Shethinksitcontributestothechildren'shealthandeducation.這位作家把自己給一些報紙寫稿掙的大部分錢捐給了一些窮孩子。她認為這有助于這些孩子的健康和教化。apartfrom除……之外；此外(教材P4)Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了上面提到的結構，你們還學過以下的一些短語。[明辨異同]besides/except/apartfrom/exceptforbesides除……還有，除去的部分包括在內，表示在整體中加上一部分。相當于inadditionto/aswellas。except除……沒有，除去的部分不包括在內，表示在整體中減去一部分。apartfrom有多重含義，既可表示besides，也可表示except或exceptfor，其前常加逗號或置于句首。exceptfor除去個別，整體還可以，強調“美中不足”之意。(apartfrom/besides/except/exceptfor)①Apartfrom/BesidestheirhouseinLondon，theyalsohaveavillainSpain.②Everythingwasperfectexceptfor/apartfromtheweather.③Idon'tknowmuchaboutthemanexceptthathe'safool.④TheshopisopeneverydayexceptonSundays.makesense有意義，講得通，有道路(教材P7)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清晰。makesenseof... 弄懂……的意思makenosense 無意義inasense 在某種意義上innosense 決不；決非(位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝)there'snosenseindoingsth. 做某事是沒有道理/作用的asenseofhumor/direction... 幽默感/方向感……①Readthissentencecarefullytoseeifitmakessense.細致閱讀一下這個句子，看是否能講的通。②Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense—somanythingswillchange.那么早安排是沒有意義的——那么多事情會發生改變。③Ican'tmakesenseofthispoem，butperhapsIwillifIreaditagain.我弄不懂這首詩的含義，但再讀一遍我或許就能明白了。④There'snosenseinbuying(buy)thatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.沒必要買那么貴的外套，這些便宜點的也很好。[名師點津]makesense的主語常是“物”，而makesenseof的主語常是“人”。cautiousadj.非常當心的；謹慎的(教材P7)Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.他的摯友們都很熱心并激勵他發表他的理論，但是哥白尼很謹慎。(1)becautiousabout/of 對……謹慎becautious(not)todo... 當心(別)做……(2)cautiouslyadv. 當心地；謹慎地(3)cautionn. 當心；謹慎withcaution 當心翼翼地①Sheisverycautiousof/abouthurtinghisfeelings.她當心翼翼免得損害他的感情。②Healwaysdrivescautiously(cautious)．＝Heisalwayscautioustodrive(drive)．＝Healwaysdriveswithcaution(cautious)．他開車始終很當心。Cautiously，shedrovehercartothemainroad.Becauseofthecrowd，shedroveallthewaywithgreatcaution．她當心翼翼地把車開到主路上。因為太擁擠，她一路上都開得很當心。(教材P7)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清晰?！疽c提煉】本句是一個由only修飾狀語從句放在句首時引起的部分倒裝句。(1)onlyif“只有，只要”，通常引導陳述語氣的真實條件句。(2)only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝，即把句子謂語中的助動詞、情態動詞或系動詞be放在主語之前。(3)ifonly“要是……，但愿……”，后要用虛擬語氣。用一般過去時表示與現在事實相反的狀況；用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的狀況；用would/coulddo表示與將來事實相反的狀況。①OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.只有到那時我才意識到我錯了。②Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.只有這樣，你才能算出這道題來。③Onlyifhegetsajobcanhehaveenoughmoneytocontinuehisstudiesatcollege.他只有找到工作才能有足夠的錢來接著他高校的學業。④IfonlyIhadcome(come)hereearlier.要是我早點來就好啦。⑤IfonlyIwere(be)afamousfilmstar!要是我是個聞名的電影明星就好了！[名師點津]假如only修飾的不是狀語，即使放在句首主句也不倒裝。Onlyshecandoitwell，forsheismoreexperienced.只有她才能把它做好，因為她更有閱歷。(教材P7)Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth．他把固定的太陽放在太陽系的中心，別的行星都圍繞太陽轉動，只有月亮仍舊圍繞地球轉動?！疽c提煉】“withtheplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth”為介詞with的復合結構，在句中作伴隨狀語。with復合結構由“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”組成，常在句中作狀語，表示謂語動作發生的伴隨狀況、時間、緣由、方式等，也可作定語。其構成有下列幾種情形：with＋名詞(或代詞)＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(現在分詞,過去分詞,形容詞,介詞短語,副詞,動詞不定式))①Withpricesgoingupsofast，wecan'taffordluxuries.由于物價上漲很快，我們買不起奢侈品。②Withsomanypeopleabsent，themeetinghastobepostponed.既然這么多人沒有來，會議只好延期了。③Withalotofworktodo(do)，hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因為有很多工作要做，他沒有被允許外出。④Withhismotherhelping(help)him，heisgettingalongwellwithhiswork.有他母親的幫助，他工作進展很順當。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thereisnosenseinarguing(argue)withher.2．Ibelieveeachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.3．Withtimepermitting(permit)，we'llgotovisittheGreatWall.4．Apartfromthebadweather，wehadagoodtimethere.5．IfonlyIhadtaken(take)hisadviceatthattime!6．Hisnewsuggestionwasrejected(reject)，whichmadehimangry.7．Alotofmoneyhasbeenspentontheconstruction(construct)ofthebridge.8．Withsomanye-mailstoanswer(answer)，shehasnotimetorest.9．Thescientistiscreative(create)inhisfield.10．ThebossofMicrosoftisverystrictwiththestaff，soeveryoneinthecompanyhastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.Ⅱ.完成句子1．正是他的馬虎大意造成了這次事故。Itwashiscarelessnessthatled/contributedtotheaccident．2．我的摯友來了之后，電腦才修好。Onlyaftermyfriendcamewasthecomputerrepaired．3．讓孩子那樣受苦沒有道理。Thereisnosenseinmakingachildsufferlikethat.4．老板對承諾持謹慎看法。Thebossiscautiousof/aboutmakingpromises.5．因為有風，天氣更冷了。Theweatherwasevencolderwiththewindblowing．Ⅲ.讀后續寫閱讀下面材料，依據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。續寫的詞數應為150左右。AVacationwithMyMotherIhadaninterestingchildhood.Itwasfilledwithsurprisesandamusements，allbecauseofmymother—loving，sweet，yetabsent-mindedandforgetful.OnestrangefamilytripwetookwhenIwaseleventellsalotabouther.MytwosetsofgrandparentslivedinColoradoandNorthDakota，andmyparentsdecidedtospendafewweeksdrivingtothosestatesandseeingallthesightsalongtheway.Asthefirstdayofourtripapproached，David，myeight-year-oldbrother，andIunwillinglysaidgood-byetoallofourfriends.Whoknewifwe'deverseethemagain？Finally，themomentofourdeparturearrived，andweloadedsuitcases，books，games，campingequipment，andatentintothecarandbravelydroveoff.Webravelydroveoffagaintwohourslaterafterwe'dreturnedhometogetthepurseandtraveler'schecksMomhadforgotten.DavidandIwerealwaysalittlenervouswhenusinggasstationbathroomsifMomwasdrivingwhileDadslept：“Youstandoutsidethedoorandplaylookout(放哨)whileIgo，andI'llstandoutsidethedoorandplaylookoutwhileyougo.”Ihadterriblepicturesinmymind：“Honey，wherearethekids？”“What？！Oh，Gosh...Ithoughttheywerebeingawfullyquiet.”Wewereneveractuallyleftbehindinastrangecity，butweweren'tabouttotakeanychances.Onthefourthorfifthnight，wehadtroublefindingahotelwithavacancy.Afterdrivinginvainforsometime，Momsuddenlygotagreatidea：Whydidn'twefindahousewithalikely-lookingbackyardandaskifwecouldsetuptentthere？DavidandIbecamenervous.Toourgreatrelief，Dadturneddowntheidea.Momnevercouldunderstandourobjections(反對)．Ifastrangefamilyshoweduponherfrontdoorstep，Momwouldhavebeendelighted.Shethinkseveryoneintheworldisasniceassheis.Wefinallyfoundavacancyinthenexttown.Paragraph1：Thenextdaywerememberedthebrand-newtentwehadbroughtwithus.Paragraph2：Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsi