UNIT2

OnwardsandupwardsStartingout&UnderstandingideasStartingoutHewasoneoftheworld’sleadingscientists.Hedevotedhimselftoresearch.Hesufferedfromadiseasethataffectedthebrainandnerves.HisbookABriefHistoryofTimewasabest-seller.人物競猜Stephen

HawkingHebelievedinequalityforallthepeopleofSouthAfrica.Hefoughtpassionatelyagainstthesystemofracialseparation.Hisactivitiesledtohimspending27yearsinprison.HewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1993.HewasthefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfrica.人物競猜NelsonMandelaHewasaChineseartist.HespenteightyearsstudyingartinEuropeandthenreturnedtoChinatoteach.HewasknownforhisChineseinkpaintingsofhorsesandbirds.HecreatedanewformofnationalartthatcombinedtraditionalChinesepaintingtechniqueswithWesterncompositiontoreflectamodernChina.人物競猜XuBeihongWatchthevideoandanswerthequestions.Whoarethepeoplementionedinthevideoandwhataretheirachievements?Whatmadethemsuccessful?TheyareStephenHawking,NelsonMandelaandXuBeihong.1.Whoarethepeoplementionedinthevideoandwhataretheirachievements?Theirachievements:StephenHawkingwasoneoftheworld’sleadingscientists.HisbookABriefHistoryofTimewaspublishedin1988,whichbecameabest-seller.NelsonMandelawasthefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfrica,whofoughtpassionatelyagainsttheall-whitegovernment’ssystemofracialseparation.In1993,hewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrize.XuBeihongwasaChineseartistwhocreatedanewformofnationalartthatcombinedtraditionalChinesepaintingtechniqueswithWesterncompositiontoreflectamodernChina.Theirpersonalqualitiesofperseverance,willpower,determination,patience,leadership,talentandhardworkmadethemsuccessful.2.Whatmadethemsuccessful?Listenandreadthepoem.Answerthequestions.1

Whatisthekeymessage

ofthepoem?Thepoemisallaboutperseverance,determinationandwillpower.Nevergiveupespeciallywhenthingsgowrong.Itremindsusthatthereareelementsofsuccesswithineveryfailure,sowemustn’tquitwhateverdifficultieswemayencounterinlife.Listenandreadthepoem.Answerthequestions.2Whichoflife’sdifficultiesarementionedinthepoem?Whatisyourunderstandingoftheline“Successisfailureturnedinsideout”?Thingssometimesgowrong;theroadseemsalluphill;thefundsarelowandthedebtsarehigh.Withineachfailurearelessonsthatmustbelearntinordertosucceed.Ontheroadtosuccess,youhavetoexperiencefailurefirst.Inotherwords,“failureisthemotherofsuccess”.Understanding

ideasResearchthesewritersonlineandmatchthemtotheinformation.J.D.Salinger

EmilyBront?J.K.Rowling1____________

hasthesamebirthdayashis/hermostfamouscharacter:31July.2____________

mayhavewrittenandhiddenseveralunpublishedworks.3____________

hadtopaytohavehis/herpoetrypublished.J.K.RowlingJ.D.Salinger

EmilyBront?JoanneRowlingSheisaBritishauthor,screenwriterandproducer,whousesthepennamesJ.K.RowlingandRobertGalbraith.Sheisbest-knownforwritingtheHarryPotterbooks,whichtodatehavebeensoldover400millioncopiesandhavewonmanyawards.Thebookshavealsobeenmadeintofilms,ofwhichRowlingapprovedallscriptsandwasaproduceronthefinalversions.JeromeDavidSalinger(1919—2010)HewasanAmericanwriterknownforhiswidely-readnovelTheCatcherintheRye.FollowinghisearlysuccesspublishingshortstoriesandTheCatcherintheRye,Salingerledaveryprivatelifeformorethanahalf-century.Hepublishedhisfinaloriginalworkin1965andhadnotbeeninterviewedsince1980.EmilyJane

Bront?(1818—1848)ShewasanEnglishwriterwhowroteunderthepennameEllisBell.Sheisbestknownforheronenovel,WutheringHeights,todayaclassicofEnglishliterature.Emilyhadthreesiblingswhoreachedadulthood:hersisters,CharlotteandAnne,andherbrother,Branwell.ReadforstructureReadthepassagequicklyandfindoutthestructureandthemainideaofeachpart.Thepassageanbedividedinto______parts,theyare:Part1:para.1 Introduction:Part2:para.2-4 MainbodyPart3:para.5 ConclusionAlotofsuccessfulwritershavepreviouslyfacedrejection.3Examplesofhighlysuccessfulwriters.Perseveranceisthekeytosuccess.Readthesecondpartandfindoutwhatproblemsthewritersovercame.WritersProblemstheyovercameJ.K.RowlingJ.D.SalingerBront?sistersShespentyearssurvivingonlittlemoneyandherfirstbookreceivedcriticismfrompublishersandwasrejectedtwelvetimes.Hereceivedcriticismandrejectionsfrompublishers.Atthattime,womenwerenotencouragedtobecomewriters.Theirbookofpoemswhichtheywroteundermalenamessoldonlytwocopies.ReadingcomprehensionWhatistheauthor’sintentionbywritingthelastsentenceinthefirstparagraph.A.Toadviseustobepatient.B.Toshowtheauthor’sattitudetowardssuccess.C.Tointroducethefollowingcontent.D.Toshowthekeytosuccess.2.WhatcanweconcludeaboutJ.K.Rowlingfromthesecondparagraph.Sheknewmanyfamouswritershadpreviouslyfacedrejections.Shegotfrustratedbythefirstrejectionletterandgaveup.HerfirstbookHarryPotterwaspublishedatherfirstattempt.Sherevisedherfirstbookfollowingtheadviceofpublishers.3.WhydidBrontesisterswriteabookofpoemsundermalenames?A.Theylikemalenames.B.RobertSoutheydiscouragedthemfromwriting.C.Malenamesweremorepowerful.D.Thetraditiondidn’tallowwomentowrite.4.Chooseanothersuitabletitleforthetext.LifeisHardforFemaleWritersGoodThingsCometoThoseWhoWaitNeverGiveupYourDreamsSuccessfulWritersNowreadthesentencesfromthepassageandanswerthequestions.1

Whatmightcomenextineachsentence?Weregrettoinformyouthatyourbookisrejected/turneddown/refused...Wearedelightedtoinformyouthatyourbookisaccepted/well-received...“Weregrettoinformyou...”“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”“Weregrettoinformyou...”“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”“Weregrettoinformyou...”comesfromthefirstparagraph.“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”comesfromthelastparagraph.Theauthorintendstobeginwiththenegativethemeofrejection,butthenrevealthatperseverancecanturnabadbeginningintoagoodending.Orrather,successcomestothosewhodon’tgiveup.Inaddition,thepassageismadecompletebythewayinwhichthefirstsentenceismirroredbythelastsentence.2

Whichparagraphdoeseachofthesentencescomefrom?Whydoestheauthorusethemlikethiswithinthepassage?Language

points遺憾要做某事 ______________________遺憾做過某事 ______________________害怕做某事 ______________________以…為例 ______________________與…有共同之處 ______________________把…貼在…上 ______________________靠…生存 ______________________類似于 ______________________拒絕 ______________________總共 ______________________常常 ______________________和…一起 ______________________Importantphrasesinthislessonregrettodosthregretdoingsthdreaddoingsthtake…forexamplehavesomethingincommonwithsticksthonsurviveonalongthelinesofturndownatotalofalltoooftenalongwith努力做某事 ______________________使某事被做 ______________________拒絕做某事 ______________________從事… ______________________繼續做某事（同一件） ______________________繼續做某事（另一件） ______________________歸于… ______________________夢想做某事 ______________________已出版 ______________________被鼓勵做某事 ______________________以…的名字/名義 ______________________在…書中 ______________________struggletodosthgetsthdonerefusetodosthworkongoondoingsthgoontodosthgotodreamofdoingsthinprintbeencouragedtodosthunderone’snamewithinthepagesof實現宏大目標 ______________________保證成功 ______________________少量；一點兒 ______________________起作用 ______________________很高興做某事 ______________________achievegreatendsguaranteesuccessatouchofplayapartbedelightedtodo核心詞匯Whenthefundsarelowandthedebtsarehigh...當資金短缺而債臺高筑時……debt

n.債務，欠款 indebt負債（表示狀態）

outofdebt不負債（表示狀態） get/fall/runintodebt負債，陷入債務之中（表示動作） payoffone’sdebts還清債務（表示動作）Shehaddebtsofover￡100,000.她有超過十萬英鎊的債。Thecompanyisdeeply/heavilyindebt.這家公司負債累累。We’llrunintodebtifyouspendmorethanourincome.要是你花的比我們掙的還多，我們就要欠債了。Theysaidthattheywoulddropthechargesifwepaidoffourdebts.他們說如果我們還清債務，他們就撤訴。搭配Weregrettoinformyou...我們抱歉地通知您……regrettodosth.遺憾地要做某事 Weregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasbeenrejected.我們很遺憾地通知你，你的申請已被拒絕。【歸納拓展】（1）regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事

regretthat...后悔/遺憾……（2）withregret遺憾地

（much）toone’sregret令某人感到（非常）遺憾的是 havenoregretsabout（doing）sth.對（做）某事毫不后悔◆單句語法填空（1）Iregret

（tell）youthatyoudidn’tpasstheexam. （2）Hedidn’tregret

（say）whathedid,butfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.（3）Myfatherandmothermayregret

Ihavenotbeenselectedfortheinterview.（4）Idecided

someregretthatitwastimetomoveon.◆完成句子（5）

（非常遺憾的是）,

Iamunabletoacceptyourkindinvitation.（6）I

（毫不后悔離開）.totellsayingthatwithMuchtomyregrethavenoregretsaboutleaving教材原句p.14Everyoneknowsthatsuccessrarelyhappensovernight...大家都明白，成功不是一朝一夕可以獲得的……5rarelyadv.很少，難得Sherarelywentanywhereexcepttoheroffice.除了去她的辦公室以外，她很少去別的地方。Rarelydoeshekeeppacewithhiscolleaguesinhiswork.他在工作上很少與他的同事同步。［詞匯復現］【學法點撥】rarely是表示否定意義的副詞，位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序，即把連系動詞be、助動詞或情態動詞移至主語之前。有類似用法的詞還有never，neither，nor，hardly，seldom，scarcely，little等。NevercanIunderstandwhythatfellowsaidnothingabouthermistake.我始終不明白為什么那個家伙對她的過錯只字不提。［詞匯復現］Hardlyhadthegamebegunwhenitstartedraining.比賽剛開始就下起雨來。TakeforexampleJ.K.Rowling.J.K.羅琳就是其中一位。take...forexample以……為例Manyofmyfriendsareveryintelligent.TakeJohnsonforexample.我的很多朋友都很聰明。以約翰遜為例。【學法點撥】take...forexample中，當賓語較長時，賓語可移到forexample之后。Takeforexamplealadywhosehusbandisacomposer.以一位丈夫是作曲家的女士為例。【歸納拓展】forexample例如

give（sb.）anexample（給某人）舉例

setanexampleto/for為……樹立榜樣

followone’sexample以某人為榜樣，效仿某人

beanexampletosb.是某人的榜樣Thelinguist’sdiligencehassetanexampletous.那位語言學家的勤奮為我們樹立了榜樣。Headmiredhisteacherandwasdeterminedtofollowhisexample.他很欽佩他的老師，并決心以老師為榜樣。 have...incommon(with)（與……）有……共同之處搭配：havesomething/alot/little/nothingincommon（with）（與……）有一些/有許多/幾乎沒有/沒有共同之處Goodfriendsoftenhavealotincommonwitheachother.好朋友之間經常有很多共同之處。Thetwosistershavenothingincommon.這兩姐妹沒有什么共同之處。【歸納拓展】incommonwith與……一樣（介詞短語作狀語）Incommonwithmanychildren,shedreads

takingmedicine.和許多孩子一樣，她害怕吃藥。 Iwasn’tgoingtogiveupuntileverysinglepublisherturnedmedown...我不會放棄的，除非所有的出版商都拒絕我……turndown拒絕；調低（溫度等）Wehaveturneddownfourapplicantsalready.我們已經拒絕了四位申請者。Ifyouarehotyoucanturntheheaterdown.如果你覺得熱，你可以把暖氣調低。【歸納拓展】turnup調高；出現 turnon/off打開/關掉turnin上交；交還 turninto（使）變成turnover翻身；翻頁；移交 turnto轉向；翻到；求助于turnout證明是，結果是；生產，制造

Itturnsoutthat...結果是……Hedidn’tturnupuntilhalf