2025年中考英語新熱點時文閱讀-航空航天來源題型主要內容12024·湖北·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了嫦娥一號、“玉兔號”月球車、“墨子號”空間量子科學實驗衛星等與中國古代傳統文化之間的淵源，表明了我國傳統文化對我國太空技術的深遠影響。22024·江蘇揚州·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了即將將宇航員送上月球的宇宙飛船“夢舟”和“攬月”的一些信息。32024·四川自貢·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了宇航員面臨的問題和所接受的訓練。42024·山東煙臺·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了長征5號的情況，由此引出對于月球情況的介紹，突出了從月球上帶回樣本對于航空事業有重大幫助。52024·江西吉安·三模閱讀理解介紹了一種新型的太空旅行方式——太空氣球。62024·四川達州·中考真題短文填空介紹了神舟十八號的航天員以及航天任務、行程等。72024·遼寧錦州·二模短文填空介紹了中國航天事業的發展歷史和取得的成果。82024·浙江金華·三模短文填空介紹了中國載人航天工程代表團對香港和澳門進行了為期六天的訪問。92024·福建廈門·二模閱讀理解介紹了太空項目命名的由來。102024·甘肅武威·三模閱讀理解介紹了神舟十八號在酒泉衛星發射中心成功發射、參與此處任務的宇航員，以及神舟十八號在太空要完成的任務。01（2024·湖北·中考真題）Sofar,Chinahassuccessfullysentalargenumberofsatellites(衛星)andspaceshipsintospace.Spacescientistshavebeengreatlyinspired(賦予靈感)bytheoldstoriesandancientfamouspeoplewhengivingthemnames.Sincethousandsofyearsago,Chinesepeoplehavedreamedofgoingtothemoon.Chang’eFliestotheMoonisoneofthemostpopularstories.Asyoucansee,China’sfirstman-madesatellitetocirclearoundthemoonwasnamedChang’eI.Moreinterestingly,themoonrover(巡視器)wasnamedaftertheJadeRabbit,whoisthepartnerofChang’einthestory.Theseoldstoriescarrypeople’sbestwishesanddreams.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourscientistshavemadethemcometrue.KuaFuRunsAftertheSunisanotherstorytoshowhowmuchancientChinesepeoplewantedtoknowabouttheunknownworld.Now,KuaFuisgoingwiththescientiststo“visit”thesun,becausewehaveaspaceprojectcalledKuaFuMission.Besidestheancientstories,spacescientistsalsogetideasfromancientfamouspeople.Forexample,Mozi,anancientscientist,discoveredthatlighttravelsinastraightlineover2,000yearsago.Hisdiscoverymadespacestudytakeabigstepatthattime.So,China’sfirstquantum(量子)sciencesatellitewasnamedMozi,makingChinathefirstcountryintheworldtoachievequantumcommunicationbetweensatellitesandtheground.Fromsuchsimplethingsasgivingnamestothesatellites,wecanseehowgreatourtraditionalcultureisandwhatinfluenceithasonourmodernscienceandtechnology.1．InChina,spacescientistsgetideasfrom________whennamingsatellites.①oldstories

②traditionalprojects③ancientfamouspeople

④popularinventionsA．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④2．WhatdoweknowaboutChang’eIaccordingtothepassage?A．Itmovesaroundthemoon. B．ItprotectstheJadeRabbit.C．It“visits”thesunwiththescientists. D．Itistheworld’sfirstman-madesatellite.3．HowdoesthewritersupporthisopinioninParagraph4?A．Bylistingnumbers. B．Bycomparingfacts.C．Bygivinganexample. D．Byreportingaresult.4．Whichistherightstructureofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1

②=Paragraph2,…)A． B．C． D．5．What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TospreadthetraditionalChineseculture.B．Toexplainhowourscientistsdevelopthespaceindustry.C．Tointroducetheachievementsinourscienceandtechnology.D．TotellhowtraditionalChinesecultureinfluencesourspacescience.02（2024·江蘇揚州·中考真題）Chinahasnamedthespacecraftthatwillputitsastronautsonthemoon.ThenewmannedspacecraftisMengzhouandthelunarlanderisLanyue.Chinaplanstolanditsastronautsonthemoonaround2030.CheckthetabletolearnthedetailsonChina’sexcitingjourneytothemoon.MENGZHOUANDLANYUETakeChinesePeople’sDreamToTheMoonCloserMengzhou—ThemannedspacecraftMeaningofthename:DreamboatThenamecarriestheChinesepeople’sspaceexplorationdreamstothemoon.Maintasks:?CarryoutChina’smannedlunarexploration?Operatenear-EarthspacestationPayload:Forlunartasks,itcancarry3astronautsroundtripbetweenthegroundandlunarorbit(軌道).Fornear-Earthorbittasks,itcancarry7astronautsroundtripbetweenthegroundandspacestation.Lanyue—ThelunarlanderMeaningofthename:ClaspingthemoonThenamesymbolizesthebraveryandconfidenceoftheChinesepeopleinexploringtheuniverseandlandingonthemoon.Maintasks:?Transportbetweenlunarorbitandlunarsurface?Serveasthecenterforastronautactivities,energysupply,anddatatransmissiononthemoon?SupportlunarexplorationandactivitiesPayload:Itcancarry2astronautsroundtrip,lunarrover,andscientificpayloads.ExplorationSteps1.TwoLongMarch-10rocketsarelaunched(發射).OnecarriesMengzhouandtheothercarriesLanyue.2.Thetwospacecraftmeetandjoininlunarorbitandtheastronautsenterthelander.3.TheLanyuelandersendstheastronautstothelunarsurface.4.Theastronautscarryoutscientificexplorationandsample(樣本)collectiononthelunarsurfaceasplanned.5.Aftercompletingthejobonthemoon,theLanyuelandertakestheastronautstogouptolunarorbit.6.Thetwospacecraftmeetandjoinagain,andtheastronautstakethelunarsamplestotheMengzhouspacecraft.7.TheMengzhouspacecraftreturnstoEarthwiththemoonsamples.6．WhichofthefollowingisLanyue’stask?A．Operatenear-Earthspacestation.B．SupportEarthexplorationandactivities.C．Transportbetweenthegroundandspacestation.D．Workasthecenterforenergysupplyonthemoon.7．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexplorationsteps?A．ThesamerocketsendsMengzhouandLanyueintospace.B．AstronautsreachandleavethemoonintheLanyuelander.C．MengzhouandLanyuejointogetheratthespacestation.D．TheLanyuelanderreturnstoEarthwiththesamplesonthemoon.8．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．ToencouragetheyouthtomakeinventionsforChina’smoonprogram.B．TotellthereaderaboutthehistoryofChina’slunarexplorationjourney.C．Tooffersuggestionsonhowtotakeupchallengesinthelunarexplorationtask.D．TogiveinformationonthenewspacecraftforChina’smannedlunarexplorationtask.03（2024·四川自貢·中考真題）April24thisSpaceDayofChina.EversinceYangLiweimadeittospacein2003,about20Chineseastronautshavebeensentintospace.Inspace,astronautsfacemanyproblems.Thereislittlegravity(重力)there,whichinfluencestheirbodies.Also,beingawayfromfamilyandfriendsandstayinginatinyspaceshipforalongtimecanmakethemfeelsadorstressedout.What’smore,ifsomethinggoeswrongsuddenly,theyhavetofixitunderhugepressure.That’swhyastronautshavetobesmart,strong,andreadyforanychallengebeforetheycangotospace.TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirtasksandreturntoEarthsafely,8kinds,includingover200subjectsoftraining,areset.Besidesphysicaltraining,basicscienceknowledgeandmock(模擬)tasksareincluded.Beforeastronautscangotospace,theytrainlikethisforatleastthreeandahalfyears.InChina’smannedspaceproject,oneofthemostdifficultpartsofthetrainingistheunderwatertraining.Thishelpsastronautsgetreadyfortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.Andtheyweardivingsuits(潛水服)over100kilosandstayunderwaterforsixhourseverytime.9．Whatproblemdoastronautsfaceaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Theyhavetotrainunderhugepressure.B．Theyareinfluencedbylittlegravityinspace.C．Theyoftenworryabouttheirfamilyandfriends.10．Whatdoastronautsneedtodobeforegoingtospace?A．Masterbasicscienceknowledge.B．Experience8subjectsoftraining.C．Getthreeyearsofunderwatertraining.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph4referto(指代)?A．Adivingsuit. B．Underwatertraining. C．China’smannedspaceproject.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A．WorkHardtoLiveinSpace B．TrainHardtoWorkinSpace C．DealwithProblemsinSpace04（2024·山東煙臺·中考真題）ALongMarch5rockettookofffromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchSiteinHainanprovinceonMay3,2024.Afterflyingforabout37minutes,itsuccessfullyplacedtheChang’e6roboticlunarprobe(月球探測器)intoanEarth-moontransfertrajectory(轉移軌道).Severaldayslatertheprobewasprogrammedtolandonthemoon’sfarsideandstarteditstasks,whichwouldlastabout53days.Thisistheworld’sfirsttrytobringsamples(樣本)fromthemoon’sfarside.ForChina,it’sthesecondsample-returnmoonjourney.Chang’e5successfullybroughtsamplesfromthemooninthewinterof2020.Uptonow,10moonsample-returntaskshavebeencarriedoutbytheUnitedStates,theformerSovietUnion(前蘇聯)andChina,butallthesesampleswerecollectedfromthemoon’snearside.Themoon’sfarsidehasalwaysbeenasubjectofscientificwonderbecauseofitsmanymysteries.It’sfacingawayfromEarthanditcanneverbeseenfromEarth.Itwasoncecalledthe“darksideofthemoon”eventhoughitreceivesjustasmuchsunlightasthenearside.Chineseresearchershavefoundthatthesoilonthefarsideismuchthickerthanthatonthenearside,buttheyhaven’tfoundoutthereason.SamplesbroughtbackbyChang’e5havehelpedscientistsfindthattherewerevolcanic(火山的)activitiesonthenearsidearound2billionyearsago.Somescientiststhoughtmaybevolcanoesbecameinactiveonthefarsideabout4billionyearsago.Isittrue?Samplesfromthefarsidewillallowthemtoknowtheanswer.“Comparingthemake-upofthefarsidesamplesfromChang’e6withthosecollectedfromthenearsidewillbeofgreatscientificvaluetotheinternationalcommunity,”saidMartinSweeting,afamousprofessorofspaceengineering.13．WhendidChang’e6begintoworkonthemoon?A．OnMay3,2024. B．Afterflyingforabout37minutes.C．Inthewinterof2020. D．Afterlandingonthemoon’sfarside.14．HowmanytimeshasChinagotsamplesfromthemoon’snearside?A．Once. B．Twice. C．Fivetimes. D．Tentimes.15．Accordingtothepassage,themoon’sfarside________.A．receiveslesssunlightthanthenearsideB．hasthickersoilcomparedwiththenearsideC．canbeseenfromEarthwithpowerfulcamerasD．hasmorerecentvolcanicactivitiesthanthenearside16．WhatcanwelearnfromMartinSweeting’swords?A．Chang’e6willstaylongeronthemoonformoretasks.B．Chang’e6iscarryingoutavaluabletaskfortheworld.C．Chang’e6willbringsamplesfrombothsidesofthemoon.D．Chang’e6cancomparesamplesbeforebringingthemback.05（2024·江西吉安·三模）You’veheardofspacerockets,buthaveyouheardofaspaceballoon?AcompanycalledSpacePerspectiveisplanningtouseitsnewballooncalledSpaceNeptunetotakepeopletotheedge(邊緣)ofspace.Itisexpectedtotakecommonpeopleonanout-of-the-worldvacationin2024.TakingofffromKennedySpaceCenter,thetripwilltakesixhours—twohourstravellingup,twohoursenjoyingtheviewandtwohourstravellingback.Belowthehydrogen(氫氣)-filledballoon,aspaceshipislargeenoughforeighttravelerstostandandwalkfreelywithin.Insidetheshiparecomfortableseats,freeWi-Fiandevenabar.Duringthesix-hourtrip,theguestswillbeabletosendphotosorvideostopeopleonthegroundwhileenjoyingfoodanddrinks.Althoughtheballoonwon’treallyflyintospace,thiswon’tbeaproblemfortheguests.At20milesaboveearth,theywillexperience360°viewsoftheplanetearthandstars,feelingliketheyareinspace,ticketsareexpensive,though-seatsonboardsoldfor$125,000each.Unlikerockets,SpaceNeptunedoesn’tgiveoutcarbondioxide(二氧化碳),whichalwaysresultsinhottertemperaturesontheearth.Thespaceshipwillalsogetitshydrogenfromcleanandrenewable(可再生的)energy.Thisiswhyspacetravelwithhydrogenballoonsisthoughttobethemostenvironmentallyfriendlysofar.Thegreatnewsisthatnospecialtrainingisneededforthisride,butthebadnewsis,you’llprobablyhavetowaituntil2025becausethefirstyear’sticketsaresoldoutalready.So,startsavingup!17．Howdoesthewriterstartthepassage?A．Byaskingaquestion. B．Bytellingastory.C．Bygivinganexample. D．Bylistingnumbers.18．Whichpicturebestshowstheballoonspacetravel?A． B．C． D．19．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtohepassage?A．Thespaceshipis100meterswide. B．Thespaceshipgoesintospacebyrocket.C．Thespaceshipcarriesatmost8passengers. D．Hespaceshipwillbetoohotforpassengers.20．WhatisSpaceNeptunelike?A．Itiseducational. B．Itistraditional. C．Itisdirty. D．Itisenvironmental.21．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheSpaceBalloonfromtheSpaceRocket. B．CallonMoreTrainedAstronautstoSpace.C．HowtoMakeaSpaceBalloon. D．ANewWaytoTraveltoSpace.06（2024·四川達州·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在文章空白處填入一個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheShenzhou-18mannedspaceshiphasbeensuccessfullylaunched(發射)fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.ItmarksChina’s32ndmannedflightintospace.At8:59p.m.onApril25,2024,it22(send)threeastronautsandnearly100experimentalboxes(實驗柜)totheTiangongspacestation.Thethreeastronauts23(be)YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu.Theywereallborninthe1980s.Yewasoneofthe24(member)oftheShenzhou-l3mission(任務)fromOctober202125April2022.Thistime,heworksasthe26(lead)ofthethreeastronauts.BothLiCong27LiGuangsuarenewcomerstospace.During28(they)timeinspace,theywillcareforthespacestationtomakesureitcanwork29(safe).Theywilldoover90experiments.Afish30(call)“the4thmemberofShenzhou-18”willbeusedforanexperimentalproject.TheShenzhou-18astronautsareplannedtoreturnto31earthinlateOctoberthisyear.Sotheywillspendaboutsixmonthsonthespacestation.07（2024·遼寧錦州·二模）閱讀短文，在空白處填入一個適當的單詞或用括號里所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫.ChinacelebratesitsSpaceDayonApril24eachyear.Itisthe32(nine)thisyear.China33(make)aseriesof(一系列的)remarkable(顯著的)achievementsinspaceexploration(探索)since1960.OnApril24,1970,ChinajoinedthespaceclubwhenChinalaunched(發射)the34(country)firstsatellite(衛星),Dongfanghong—1.OnOctober15,2003,ChinasentastronautYangLiweion3521-hourjourneyaroundEarthinShenzhouV.OnOctober24,2007,Chang’e-1waslaunched36(successful).37September,2008,ShenzhouVIIspacecraft(宇宙飛船)waslaunchedwiththreeastronauts.Oneof38(they)wentonChina’shistoricfirstspacewalk.OnNovember24,2020,Chang’e-5waslaunched.Itbroughtrocks39soilonthemoonbacktotheEarthonDecember17.OnOctober31,2022,China’sMengtianspacelabmodule(艙)40(connect)totheTianhecoremodule(核心艙),markingthecompletionofthenation’sspacestation.OnOctober26,2023,ShenzhouXVIIspacecraftwaslaunched.Withanaverage(平均的)ageof38,thethree-memberteambecame41(young)Chinesecrew(專業人員)everinspace.Itisthe30thmission(任務)ofChina’smanned(載人的)spaceprogram.08（2024·浙江金華·三模）根據短文內容和所給中文或首字母提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。FromNovember28thtoDecember3rd,2023,adelegationofChina’smannedspaceprogrampaidasix-dayvisittoHongKongandMacao.Duringtheirstay,t42visitedseveralprimaryandsecondaryschoolsandtwouniversitiesinHongKong,andgaveabigspeechinMacao.The43(中國的)astronautsencouragedlocalyoungpeopletorealizethedreamofspaceexploration.Also,thedelegation44(出席)theopeningceremonyofthe“ChinaMannedSpaceExhibition”.TheexhibitionwasopentoallpeopleinHongKongandMacaoforf45untilFebruary18th,2024.ShumTze-manisaHongKongmiddleschoolstudent.Shewas46(深地)attractedbytheperformancesofastronauts.“Ourcountry’sspaceindustryhasbecomeworldleading.I’msop47ofournationandthismakesmecrazieraboutspaceexploration,”Shumsaid.“Thereportsofspaceexperts48(包括)alotofprofessionalknowledgeofphysicsandastronomy.A49someofthemweredifficulttounderstand,theymademeeagertoexplorespace,”AstudentfromLingnanMiddleSchoolinMacaosaid.Thedelegation’svisitshowsthatourcountryputsahighvalueonthe50(科學)andtechnologyeducationofyoungstudentsinHongKongandMacao.Thespacestationisl51homefortheastronautsinspace.ItishopedthatastronautsfromHongKongandMacaowillsoonappearatthespacestationtomakeourhomeinspacelivelierandhappier.09（2024·福建廈門·二模）Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen...DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespaceprogramscomefrom?Wukong,theDarkMatterParticleExplorersatellite(暗物質粒子探測衛星),isnamedafteraChinesesuperherotheMonkeyKing.AccordingtoJourneytotheWest,theMonkeyKinghasapairofsharp(銳利的)eyeswhichcantellthedifferencebetweengoodandevil.TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,means“HeavenlyPalace”.InChinesemyths(神話),thisisthehomeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChinawelcomesforeignastronautstoTiangongandthentheycanworktogetherinthefuture.Tianwen,China’sMarsmission(火星任務),getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuanisawell-knownpoetfromancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfortruth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionwillendupansweringsomeofQuYuan’squestions.IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautifulmeanings.We,theChinesepeople,havealong-cherished(珍藏已久的)spacedream.SothenamingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.52．Theunderlinedword“evil”means“________”.A．honesty B．badness C．kindness D．ugliness53．WhatdothesatelliteWukongandtheMonkeyKinghaveincommon?A．They’rebothsharp-eyed. B．They’rebothsuperheroes.C．Theybothhelpwithscientificstudies. D．Theybothhelpthegoodandpunishthebad.54．WhatisTiangongusedfor?A．It’susedforsearchingdarkmatter.B．It’susedtoexplore(探索)theMars.C．It’susedtosendastronautstothespace.D．It’susedasahomefortheastronautsinspace.55．WhereisthenameofChina’sMarsmissionsfrom?A．JourneytotheWest. B．ThehomeofTianDi.C．QuYuan’spoemTianwen. D．AncientChinesemyths.56．WetakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriouslybecause________.A．wehaveadreamforspace B．wehavethehungerfortruthC．wearefondofbeautifulnames D．wewanttoprotecttheenvironment10（2024·甘肅武威·三模）ChinasentthreeastronautstotheTiangongspacestationontheShenzhou-18mission(任務).Thespaceshipwaslaunched(發射)attheJiuqunnSatelliteLaunchCentreintheGobidesertinnorthwestChinaat8:59p.m.onThursday,April25,2024.Theywereexpectedtoreachthespacestationaboutsixandahalfhoursafterliftoff(升空).ThemissionisledbyYeGuangfu,afighterpilotandastronautwhowaspartoftheShenzhou-13crow(全體工作人員)in2021.HeisjoinedbyastronautsLiCongandLiGuangsu,whoareheadingintospaceforthefirsttime.Theywillspendaboutsixmonthsleadingscientifictestsandputtingspacewasteprotectionequipmentinplaceonthespacestation.Thecountryisplanningamissiontobringbacksamples(樣品)fromMarsaround2030.Italsowantstoputastronautsonthemoonby2030.“It’ssuchapleasuretoseethattheyoungastronautscannowcarryoutmannedspacemissionsandtakeontheheavyresponsibilities.I’msuretheShenzhou-18crewwilldowell,althoughthemissionhasbecomemoredifficult,”YangLiweisaidatthelaunchcenteronWednesdayafternoon.閱讀以上材料，根據其內容回答其后各個小題。57．China’sShenzhou-18spaceshipwaslaunchedat________.A．theTiangongspacestation B．theInternationalSpaceStationC．theGobidesertinnortheastChina D．theJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentre58．WholeadthemissionontheShenzhou-18?A．LiCong. B．YeGuangfu. C．LiGuangsu. D．YangLiwei.59．HowlongwilltheastronautsstayattheTiangongspacestation?A．Forsevenmonths. B．Forabouthalfayear.C．Foroneyear. D．Foroneandahalfyears.60．Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．YangLiweihasstronglybelievedtheyoungastronauts.B．YangLiweiadvisedtheyoungastronautstoworkharder.C．YangLiweisharedhisexperiencewiththeyoungastronauts.D．YangLiweiwasworriedabouttheyoungastronauts.61．What’sthethemeofthepassage?A．Courageandfriendship. B．Sportsandhealth.C．Scienceandtechnology. D．Cultureandeducation.參考答案：1．B2．A3．C4．A5．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了嫦娥一號、“玉兔號”月球車、“墨子號”空間量子科學實驗衛星等與中國古代傳統文化之間的淵源，表明了我國傳統文化對我國太空技術的深遠影響。1．細節理解題。根據“Spacescientistshavebeengreatlyinspired(賦予靈感)bytheoldstoriesandancientfamouspeoplewhengivingthemnames.”可知，太空科學家給衛星命名時受到古老的故事以及古代著名人物的啟發。故選B。2．細節理解題。根據“Asyoucansee,China’sfirstman-madesatellitetocirclearoundthemoonwasnamedChang’eI.”可知，嫦娥一號繞月運行。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據“Besidestheancientstories,spacescientistsalsogetideasfromancientfamouspeople.Forexample…”可知，文章第四段介紹科學家給衛星命名時還受到古代名人的啟發，下文列舉了“墨子號”的例子。故作者通過舉例子的方式支持自己的觀點。故選C。4．篇章結構題。通讀文章可知，第一段介紹文章主題，太空技術與古代傳統文化有關系；第二、三、四段分別從中國傳統故事以及古代著名人物方面介紹；最后一段總結全文，升華主題。故文章的結構是總（①）——分（②③④）——總（⑤）。故選A。5．主旨大意題。根據“Fromsuchsimplethingsasgivingnamestothesatellites,wecanseehowgreatourtraditionalcultureisandwhatinfluenceithasonourmodernscienceandtechnology.”及全文可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹中國的空間技術與中國傳統文化之間的淵源，中國傳統文化影響著我國的空間技術。故選D。6．D7．B8．D【導語】本文主要介紹了即將將宇航員送上月球的宇宙飛船“夢舟”和“攬月”的一些信息。6．細節理解題。根據“Maintasks:...Serveasthecenterforastronautactivities,energysupply,anddatatransmissiononthemoon”可知，作為月球上的能源供應中心是“攬月”的任務。故選D。7．細節理解題。根據“TheLanyuelandersendstheastronautstothelunarsurface.”及“Aftercompletingthejobonthemoon,theLanyuelandertakestheastronautstogouptolunarorbit.”可知，宇航員乘坐“攬月”著陸器到達和離開月球。故選B。8．主旨大意題。根據“Chinahasnamedthespacecraftthatwillputitsastronautsonthemoon.ThenewmannedspacecraftisMengzhouandthelunarlanderisLanyue...CheckthetabletolearnthedetailsonChina’sexcitingjourneytothemoon.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了即將將宇航員送上月球的宇宙飛船“夢舟”和“攬月”的一些信息。因此其目的是為了提供一些關于中國載人探月任務的新宇宙飛船的信息。故選D。9．B10．B11．B12．B【導語】本文介紹了宇航員面臨的問題和所接受的訓練。9．細節理解題。根據“Thereislittlegravity(重力)there,whichinfluencestheirbodies.”可知，那里幾乎沒有重力，會影響他們的身體，故選B。10．細節理解題。根據“TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirtasksandreturntoEarthsafely,8kinds,includingover200subjectsoftraining,areset.”可知，為了確保中國航天員完成任務并安全返回地球，制定了8個項目，包括200多個項目的訓練。所以宇航員在進入太空之前需要經歷8個項目的培訓。故選B。11．代詞指代題。根據“InChina’smannedspaceproject,oneofthemostdifficultpartsofthetrainingistheunderwatertraining.Thishelpsastronautsgetreadyfortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.”可知，在中國載人航天工程中，水下訓練是訓練中最困難的部分之一。這有助于宇航員為太空中的失重環境做好準備。此處This指的是“水下訓練”，故選B。12．最佳標題題。本文介紹了宇航員面臨的問題和所接受的訓練，選項B“努力訓練在太空工作”符合主題，故選B。13．D14．A15．B16．B【導語】本文主要介紹了長征5號的情況，由此引出對于月球情況的介紹，突出了從月球上帶回樣本對于航空事業有重大幫助。13．細節理解題。根據“Severaldayslatertheprobewasprogrammedtolandonthemoon’sfarsideandstarteditstasks,whichwouldlastabout53days.”可知，探測器被設定在月球背面著陸后，開始了它的任務，故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據“Thisistheworld’sfirsttrytobringsamples(樣本)fromthemoon’sfarside.ForChina,it’sthesecondsample-returnmoonjourney…butallthesesampleswerecollectedfromthemoon’snearside.”可知，這是世界上第一次嘗試從月球背面采集樣本。對中國來說，這是第二次取樣返回月球之旅，之前所有這些樣本都是從月球近側收集的，也就是說中國已經有過一次從月球近側采集樣本，故選A。15．細節理解題。根據“Chineseresearchershavefoundthatthesoilonthefarsideismuchthickerthanthatonthenearside”可知，月球背面的土壤比近側厚得多，故選B。16．推理判斷題。根據“Comparingthemake-upofthefarsidesamplesfromChang’e6withthosecollectedfromthenearsidewillbeofgreatscientificvaluetotheinternationalcommunity”可知，嫦娥6號收集的遠端樣本和近端樣本對國際社會來說將具有重大的科學價值，也就是說嫦娥六號正在為世界執行一項有價值的任務，故選B。17．A18．A19．C20．D21．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型的太空旅行方式——太空氣球。17．細節理解題。根據“You’veheardofspacerockets,buthaveyouheardofaspaceballoon?”可知，文章開頭作者設問“你聽說過太空氣球嗎”。故選A。18．細節理解題。根據第二段“TakingofffromKennedySpaceCenter,thetripwilltakesixhours—twohourstravellingup,twohoursenjoyingtheviewandtwohourstravellingback.”可知，從肯尼迪航天中心起飛，這次旅行將耗時六個小時——上行兩個小時，欣賞美景兩個小時和回程兩個小時。故選A。19．細節理解題。根據第二段“Belowthehydrogen(氫氣)-filledballoon,aspaceshipislargeenoughforeighttravelerstostandandwalkfreelywithin.”可知，在充滿氫氣的氣球下面，一艘宇宙飛船足夠大，可以讓八名旅行者在里面自由站立和行走。即這艘宇宙飛船最多可載8名乘客。故選C。20．細節理解題。根據第四段“Thisiswhyspacetravelwithhydrogenballoonsisthoughttobethemostenvironmentallyfriendlysofar.”可知，氫氣球太空旅行被認為是迄今為止最環保的。故選D。21．最佳標題題。通過全文可知，文章主要介紹了一種新型的太空旅行方式——太空氣球，故“一種新的太空旅行方式”可以作為最佳標題。故選D。22．sent23．are24．members25．to26．leader27．and28．their29．safely30．called31．the【導語】本文介紹了神舟十八號的航天員以及航天任務、行程等。22．句意：2024年4月25日晚8點59分，中國航天局將3名航天員和近100個實驗柜送往天宮空間站。send“發送”，動詞。根據“At8:59p.m.onApril25,2024”可知，時態是一般過去時，謂語動詞用其過去式。故填sent。23．句意：這三名宇航員分別是葉光富、李聰和李廣蘇。本句陳述事實，是一般現在時，主語是復數，be動詞用are。故填are。24．句意：葉是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三號任務的成員之一。member“成員”，可數名詞。oneofthe+名詞復數，意為“……之一”。故填members。25．句意：葉是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三號任務的成員之一。from…to…“從……到……”，固定搭配。故填to。26．句意：這一次，他是三名宇航員中的領導者。lead“領導”，動詞。此處指葉光富是三人中的領導者。leader“領導”，可數名詞，用其單數形式。故填leader。27．句意：李聰和李廣蘇都是太空新人。both…and“兩者都……”，固定搭配。故填and。28．句意：在太空期間，他們將照顧空間站，確保它能安全工作。they“他們”，人稱代詞。此處應用形容詞性物主代詞their，作定語修飾time。故填their。29．句意：在太空期間，他們將照顧空間站，確保它能安全工作。safe“安全的”，形容詞。此處用其副詞形式safely，修飾動詞work。故填safely。30．句意：一種名為“神舟十八號”的魚將被用于一個實驗項目。call“稱為”，動詞。此處用其過去分詞形式called，作后置定語修飾名詞fish。故填called。31．句意：神舟十八號航天員計劃于今年十月下旬返回地球。此處缺少冠詞，earth“地球”是世界上獨一無二的物體，其前應加定冠詞the。故填the。32．ninth33．hasmade34．country’s35．a36．successfully37．In38．them39．and40．wasconnected41．theyoungest【導語】本文主要介紹了中國航天事業的發展歷史和取得的成果。32．句意：今年是第九屆。空前有“the”修飾，因此應用“nine”的序數詞“ninth”，表示順序。故填ninth。33．句意：從1960年起，中國在太空探索領域取得了一系列顯著的成就。根據時間狀語“since1960”可知，此句應用現在完成時，主語“China”是單數，助動詞應用“has”。故填hasmade。34．句意：在1970年4月24日，在發射了國家第一顆衛星后，中國加入了太空俱樂部。此空修飾后面的名詞“satellite”，表示所屬，應用“country”的所有格“country’s”。故填country’s。35．句意：在2003年10月15日，中國把宇航員楊利偉送上太空，乘坐神舟五號繞地球行駛了21小時。此處泛指一段旅程，應用不定冠詞，“twenty-one”是輔音音素開頭的單詞，因此用“a”。故填a。36．句意：在2007年10月24日，嫦娥一號成功發射。此空修飾動詞“waslaunched”，應用“successful”的副詞“successfully”。故填successfully。37．句意：在2008年9月，神舟七號宇宙飛船帶著三名宇航員發射。月份“September”前應用時間介詞“in”，位于句首首字母需大寫。故填In。38．句意：他們其中一人邁出了中國歷史上的太空行走第一步。此空位于介詞“of”后作賓語，應用“they”的賓格“them”。故填them。39．句意：它在12月7日帶著月球上的巖石和土壤返回了地球。“rocks”和“soil”是并列名詞，因此此處應用“and”連接。故填and。40．句意：在2022年10月31日，中國夢天太空實驗艙被連接到了天河核心艙上，標志著國家太空站的完成。主語“China’sM