嘉興市2023～2024學年第二學期期末檢測高一英語試題卷考生須知：1.全卷分試題卷和答題紙兩部分，試題卷12頁，答題紙2頁，有四部分考查內容，滿分為150分，考試時間為120分鐘。2.本卷答案必須做在答題紙的相應位置上，做在試題卷上無效。3.請用黑墨水簽字筆將考生個人相關信息填寫在答題紙的相應位置上.第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題紙上。第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandothismorning?A.Hewentforarun.B.Hejoinedagym.C.Hedidsomework.2.Whydoesthemanneedamap?A.TotourManchester.B.Tofindarestaurant.C.TolearnaboutChina.3.Whatisthemostimportantthingfortheteamtowin?A.Theyworkedveryhard.B.Theybelievedinthemselves.C.Theyencouragedeachother.4.WheredidthemanlearnaboutIeohMingPei?A.Fromamuseumguide.B.Fromauniversitycourse.C.Fromavideoseries.5.Whatwillthespeakersbuild?A.Anewwall.B.Aplayground.C.Agarden.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inamanager’soffice.C.Inaschool.7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Readinganewspaper.B.Writingareport.C.WatchingTV.9.Whatcouldthenewsatellitebeusedfor?A.Doinganoceansurvey.B.Providingpicturesofaffectedareas.C.Reducingthenumberofearthquakes.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whenwilltheconcertbegin?A.At7:45pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At8:15pm.11.Whatistheconductor’snationality?A.French.B.Austrian.C.Italian.12.Wheredidthespeakershearthesecondpiecebefore?A.Inafilm.B.InDisneyland.C.Overtheradio.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhatkindofworkdidMr.Gehryusetodoprobably?A.Ananimalcarer.B.ATVhost.C.Asoftwareengineer.14.WhatwasthebiggestproblemforMr.GehryinsettingupWarmNest?A.Gettingapermit.B.Raisingenoughmoney.C.Formingasupportiveteam.15.HowmanyvolunteerswerethereinWarmNestfiveyearsago?A.Aroundonehundred.B.Aroundfifty.C.Aroundten.16.WhatisthedailyfocusofWarmNest?A.Caringforlargeanimals.B.Providingtrainingforpetowners.C.Offeringtreatmenttosmallanimals.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutnewtechnology?A.Hopeful.B.Confused.C.Worried.18.Whendidthespeakerstarttouseamobilephone?A.Atsixyearsold.B.Atnineyearsold.C.Atfifteenyearsold.19.Whatisthefirstindustrythespeakerwouldliketochange?A.Globaleducation.B.Traveling.C.Filmandmusic.20.Whatwouldthespeakertrytodointhefuture?A.Improvefoodquality.B.Explorenewenvironments.C.Lowerpricesoftechnologyproducts.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWinasevennightwalkingholidayfortwopeoplealongTheAlgarveCoastWORTH€2,910AppreciatingthattheworldismorebeautifulonfootRambleWorldwidehasbeenorganizingexpertlyplannedgroupguidedholidaysandunforgettableadventuresalongtheworld’smostuniquefootpathsforover75years.Inthepanyofaknowledgeablewalkleader,enjoythearea’sPortuguesecharmwithwalkstooneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbeachesandexploretheprettycoastalvillages.Theprize,whichisfortwoadults,includesflightsfromGatwicktoFaro,7nights’halfboardacmodationbasedontwosharing,withbreakfastsatthehotelanddinnersinlocalrestaurants,transportandtheserviceofawalkleader.SimplyAnswertheFollowingQuestionQuestion:HowlonghasRambleWorldwidebeenorganizinggroupguidedholidays?A.Over75years.B.Over30years.C.Over20years.ThenclickhereandputyourchosenanswerA,BorContheentryform.TERMS&CONDITONS:·Theholidaywillbeginoneither17thMarch,14thApril,19thMay,6thOctober,3rdNovemberor24thNovember2024.·Travelinsuranceisnotincluded.PETITIONENTRYRULES:·ThepetitionisonlyopentoresidentsoftheUK,aged18orover.·Onlyoneentryperperson.·Thewinningentrywillbechosenatrandom(隨機)andthewinnerwillbeinformedbyemailorpost.1Whichofthefollowingservicescanawinnergetinthewalkingholiday?A.Asingleroom. B.Professionalguidance.C.Aroundtripairticket. D.Threefreemealsaday.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprize?A.Itcoverstravelinsuranceforthewinner.B.Therearesixsetoffdatestochoosefrom.C.Thosewhoanswerthegivenquestionwillwinit.D.Bothchildrenandadultsareallowedtoparticipate.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Inatravelbrochure. B.Inatourismposter.C.Onatravelagencywebsite. D.Inatravelmagazine.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一項雙人七夜徒步旅行活動。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Theprize,whichisfortwoadults,includesflightsfromGatwicktoFaro,7nights’halfboardacmodationbasedontwosharing,withbreakfastsatthehotelanddinnersinlocalrestaurants,transportandtheserviceofawalkleader.(該獎項面向兩名成年人，包括從蓋特威克到法羅的航班、基于兩人共享的7晚半食宿、酒店早餐和當地餐館晚餐、交通和徒步領隊服務。)”可知，在徒步旅行中，獲勝者可以獲得徒步領隊的專業指導。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節理解題。根據TERMS&CONDITONS:下列“Theholidaywillbeginoneither17thMarch,14thApril,19thMay,6thOctober,3rdNovemberor24thNovember2024.(假期將于2024年3月17日、4月14日、5月19日、10月6日、11月3日或11月24日開始。)”可知，旅行有六個啟程日可供選擇。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據標題Winasevennightwalkingholidayfortwopeoplealong(贏得雙人七夜徒步旅行)和表格中最后一行“ThenclickhereandputyourchosenanswerA,BorContheentryform.(然后點擊這里，在報名表上填上你選擇的答案A、B或C。)”可知，這段文字來自在旅行社網站上。故選C項。BHumanshavebeengrowingfoodforabout12,000years,but50yearsagoacivilengineernamedMelBartholomewfiguredoutanewwaytodoitthatcouldeliminatealotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit.HecalledittheSquareFootGarden(SFG),andthebookhewroteaboutitsoldover2.5millioncopies,beingthebestsellinggardeningbookofalltime.Uponhisretirementin1975,Bartholomewbecameinterestedingardening,butthemorehegotintoit,themoreinefficienthefoundittobe.Gardeninghadlongbeenpracticedinrows,whichBartholemewfoundtobewasteful,anddifficulttowork.Usinghisengineeringknowhow,Bartholomewcameupwithamethodofgardeningthatcouldbepracticedinatinybackyardorrooftop,andwhichrequiredonly10percentofthewaterofarowgarden.Bartholemew’sviewwasthattraditionalgardeningwithitslongrowsinbetweenwastedspace,water,fertilizer(化肥)andwork.Infact,hisconclusionwasthatrowgardenstookupabout80percentmorespacethanneeded.Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).TheSFGsystemispopularandreliable,butithaslimitations.Forinstance,itcanbeexpensivetosetup,althoughusingrecyclablematerialstobuildbedscanhelp.Inaddition,itdoesn’tworkwellindryclimatesbecauseraisedbedsdryoutmorequickly.Butwhateveritslimitations,SFGhasgottenmillionsofpeoplegrowingtheirownfoodwhomightotherwisehaveneverknownthejoyofgardening.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inparagraph1mean?A.Remove. B.Cause. C.Replace. D.Control.5.WhatkindofpersonwasMelBartholomew?A.Carefulandpatient. B.Friendlyandoutgoing.C.Creativeandresourceful. D.Responsibleandhelpful.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheadvantageofSFG?A.Ithelpssavespace. B.Ituseslessenergy.C.Itbenefitstheenvironment. D.Itworksindifferentclimates.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abestsellingbookongardening. B.Thehistoryoftraditionalgardening.C.Agardeningmethodinventedbyanengineer. D.ThegreatjoybroughtbytheSquareFootGarden.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一位土木工程師想出了一種新的種植糧食方法，介紹了其優點以及局限性?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據倒數第二段“Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).(每個方格都用于種植一種特定的蔬菜，植物被緊密排列以減少雜草的生長空間，這也說明了它的水和資源效率。)”以及劃線詞后文“alotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit”可知，這種方法減少雜草的生長空間，增加了資源利用，即可以去除了許多繁瑣的除草和澆水工作。故劃線詞意思是“去除”。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Usinghisengineeringknowhow,Bartholomewcameupwithamethodofgardeningthatcouldbepracticedinatinybackyardorrooftop,andwhichrequiredonly10percentofthewaterofarowgarden.(利用他的工程技術，巴塞洛繆想出了一種園藝方法，可以在一個小后院或屋頂上練習，只需要排花園10%的水。)”以及第三段“Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).(為了最大限度地利用空間，他開始使用凸起的床，把床分成許多12×12英寸的正方形，每個正方形都用繩子或木隔板隔開。每個方格都用于種植一種特定的蔬菜，植物被緊密排列以減少雜草的生長空間，這也說明了它的水和資源效率。)”可知，梅爾·巴塞洛繆有創造力和機智。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.(為了最大限度地利用空間，他開始使用凸起的床，把床分成許多12×12英寸的正方形，每個正方形都用繩子或木隔板隔開。)”可知，SFG有助于節省空間。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Humanshavebeengrowingfoodforabout12,000years,but50yearsagoacivilengineernamedMelBartholomewfiguredoutanewwaytodoitthatcouldeliminatealotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit.(人類種植糧食已有12000年的歷史，但50年前，一位名叫梅爾·巴塞洛繆的土木工程師想出了一種種植糧食的新方法，可以省去許多繁瑣的除草和澆水工作。)”結合文章主要介紹了一位土木工程師想出了一種新的種植糧食方法，介紹了其優點以及局限性?？芍?，這篇文章的主要內容是一位工程師發明的園藝方法。故選C。CIfwearetobelievesomeoftheupsettingheadlinesaboutAl,barelyanyone’sjobissafe.32%ofUKemployeesthinkAIcouldmaketheirrolesunnecessary,accordingtoaresearchin2023.Yetthesameresearchfoundthat28%ofworkersbelieveAIcouldmaketheirjobseasier.Meanwhile,manytechnologistsclaimthatGenAItoolssuchasChatGPTaremorelikelytohelpworkersthanreplacethem.Andsodifferentindustriesareexploringit.InternationallawfirmClearyGottliebfor,forinstance,usesGenAItoscanitsdatabasesandcreateasummaryofitslawyers’relevantexperiencebeforemeetingswithanewclient(客戶).However,thefirmsaysthatthedocumentproducedbytheAIwon’tbereadytosendimmediately.However,withoutcarefullyassessing(評估)itspossiblesideeffectsbeforehand,paniesthatadopt(采用)anewAItoolriskdistancingemployeesorevenmakingtheirlivesmoredifficult.Firmsshouldthereforeidentifywhetherthetechthey’reinterestedinislikelytobeanetbenefitornot,accordingtoPeter,assistantprofessorofAIatLeidenUniversity.Actually,thereareseveralotherdisadvantagesthatfirmsseekingtoadoptitmustavoid.Inabankingconference,forinstance,15CIOshadallbeenkeentorealizethehugeproductivitygainspromisedbyGenAI.Threemonthslater,theseITchiefs“hitawall”whentrustissuesconcerningdataprivacyandsecurityarose.Theywereworriedthatthedatatheyhadbeenputtingintothetoolswouldmakeitswayintotheirpetitors’banks.DylanMorley,leadprincipalengineeratAsos,reportsthatmeasuringtheimpactofsuchtoolsisatopicof“greatdiscussion”acrosstheindustry.Butheaddsthatthisisamoreplexmatterthansimplyadoptingatoolandwaitingfor,say,a10%efficiencygain.Shearguesthatfirmscouldbefocusingonareassuchasmanagingtimespentinmeetings,otherthanadoptingAItoolsifimprovingefficiencyisindeedtheirmaingoal.8.Whydoestheauthorlistnumbersinparagraph1?A.ToexplaintheupsettingfactaboutAI.B.Tointroducetechnologists’viewsonAI.C.ToprovethevalueoftheresearchonAI.D.Toshowdifferentpeople’sideasaboutAI.9.WhatcanwelearnfromtheexampleofClearyGottliebfor?A.ThelawfirmlacksconfidenceinAI.B.TheAlcan’tsummarizelawyers’experience.C.ThedocumentproducedbyAIisofpoorquality.D.Furtherstepsareneededbeforethedocumentisused.10.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.ThepotentialrisksofAI. B.ThewaytoassessAl’seffects.C.TheongoingapplicationofAI. D.Thedifficultiesemployeesface.11.WhatcanweinferfromDylanMorley’sopinion?A.FirmsshouldnotuseAItools.B.AIisnottheonlywaytogainefficiency.C.AIisamoreplextoolthanwethink.D.It’snecessarytomeasuretheimpactofAI.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了人工智能（AI）在不同行業中的應用、其潛在影響以及公司應該如何評估和管理這些影響。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“IfwearetobelievesomeoftheupsettingheadlinesaboutAl,barelyanyone’sjobissafe.32%ofUKemployeesthinkAIcouldmaketheirrolesunnecessary,accordingtoaresearchin2023.Yetthesameresearchfoundthat28%ofworkersbelieveAIcouldmaketheirjobseasier.(如果我們相信一些關于人工智能的令人不安的頭條新聞，那么幾乎沒有人的工作是安全的。根據2023年的一項研究，32%的英國員工認為人工智能可能會使他們的角色變得不必要。然而，同樣的研究發現，28%的員工認為人工智能可以讓他們的工作更輕松。)”可知，作者在第一段中通過列出具體的數字，如32%的英國員工認為人工智能可能會使他們的角色變得不必要、28%的員工認為人工智能可以讓他們的工作更輕松，是為了展示不同人對AI的不同看法。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Andsodifferentindustriesareexploringit.InternationallawfirmClearyGottliebfor,forinstance,usesGenAItoscanitsdatabasesandcreateasummaryofitslawyers’relevantexperiencebeforemeetingswithanewclient(客戶).However,thefirmsaysthatthedocumentproducedbytheAIwon’tbereadytosendimmediately.(所以不同的行業都在探索它。例如，國際律師事務所ClearyGottliebfor使用GenAI掃描其數據庫，并在與新客戶會面之前創建其律師的相關經驗摘要。然而，該公司表示，人工智能生成的文件不會立即準備好發送。)”可知，雖然該公司使用了AI工具來掃描數據庫并生成律師的相關經驗摘要，但這個由AI生成的文檔不會立即準備好發送。這意味著在使用這個文檔之前，還需要進行進一步的步驟或檢查。因此，我們可以從這個例子中了解到，在使用AI生成的文檔之前需要進一步的步驟。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第三段“However,withoutcarefullyassessing(評估)itspossiblesideeffectsbeforehand,paniesthatadopt(采用)anewAItoolriskdistancingemployeesorevenmakingtheirlivesmoredifficult.(然而，在沒有事先仔細評估可能產生的副作用的情況下，企業采用新的人工智能工具可能會疏遠員工，甚至使他們的生活變得更加困難。)”以及全段內容可知，本段主要講述了AI的潛在風險，即如果不進行仔細評估，公司可能會面臨員工疏遠或生活困難的風險。接著，該段還提到了公司應該確定他們感興趣的技術是否可能帶來凈效益，這也與評估AI的潛在風險有關。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“DylanMorley,leadprincipalengineeratAsos,reportsthatmeasuringtheimpactofsuchtoolsisatopicof“greatdiscussion”acrosstheindustry.Butheaddsthatthisisamoreplexmatterthansimplyadoptingatoolandwaitingfor,say,a10%efficiencygain.Shearguesthatfirmscouldbefocusingonareassuchasmanagingtimespentinmeetings,otherthanadoptingAItoolsifimprovingefficiencyisindeedtheirmaingoal.(Asos首席工程師DylanMorley報告說，衡量這些工具的影響是整個行業“熱烈討論”的話題。但他補充說，這比簡單地采用一種工具并等待效率提高10%要復雜得多。她認為，如果企業的主要目標確實是提高效率，那么它們可以把重點放在管理會議時間等領域，而不是采用人工智能工具。)”可知，DylanMorley提到，如果提高效率確實是公司的主要目標，那么公司應該關注的領域不僅僅是采用AI工具，還可以是其他領域，比如管理會議時間。這暗示了AI并不是提高效率的唯一方法，公司有其他多種選擇可以考慮。故選B。DPeoplegreeteachotherinvariouswayssuchassaying“hello”indifferentlanguagesorthroughphysicalactionslikeshakinghands,givinghugs,orexchangingkisses.Similarly,elephantshavevariousgreetings,asrevealedbyarecentstudyconductedonAfricanelephantsinZimbabwe’sJafutaReserve.“Femaleelephantsofdifferentfamilygroupsmighthavestrongsocialbonds(紐帶)witheachother,formingwhatwecallbondgroups,”saidVestaEleuterioftheUniversityofVienna,theleadwriterofthestudy.“Earlierstudiesinthewildhavereportedthatwhenthesegroupsmeet,theelephantsperformspecialgreetingstoannounceandstrengthentheirsocialbonds.”Thestudyidentifiedaround20specificmovementsrelatedwithelephantgreetings,oftenacpaniedbydifferentsoundsaswell.Smellalsoplaysacrucialroleingreetings,withelephantsexhibitingbehaviorslikeemitting(排放)bodywaste.Besides,elephantsmakegestures(動作)meanttobeseen,suchasspreadingtheirearsordisplayingtheirbehinds,andemploytouchinggesturesinvolvingtouchingotherelephants.Theyactuallyshowanunderstandingofwhatotherelephantscansee,usingvisualgestureswhentheirpartnerislookingandtouchinggestureswhentheyarenot.Similargreetingbehaviorhasbeenobservedinvariousanimals,whichhelpsmanagesocialsituationsbyreducingtensionorconfirmingsocialbonds.Thestudyobservedbothfemaleandmaleelephantsinthereserve,withfemalegreetingscloselymatchingthoseofwildelephants,whilemalegreetingsappeareddifferent.Wildmaleelephantsoftendon’tformcloseconnectionswithothersbutusetheirnosestotouchtheheadsofotherelephants,givingoffachemicalcalledtemporincontainingimportantinformation.Elephantgreetingsplayanimportantpartinmunicationandsocialbondingamongtheseintelligentcreatures.Throughtheirgestures,sounds,andsmells,elephantsdeliverimportant.informationabouttheiridentity,physicalstate,andemotionalwellbeing.12Whatdoweknowaboutelephantgreetingsfromparagraph1?A.Theyareperformedmainlybymaleelephants.B.Theyareusedtoshowpowerwithinthegroup.C.Theyincludephysicalactionssimilartohumans’.D.Theystrengthensocialbondsbetweenfamilygroups.13.Howdoelephantsshowawarenessofwhatotherssee?A.Theyproducedifferentsmells.B.Theymakeasmanygesturesaspossible.C.Theymakeuseofsoundstodrawattention.D.Theyemployvisualortouchinggesturesaccordingly.14.Whatmethodswereadoptedintherecentstudyonelephants?A.Interviewsandsurveys. B.Observationandparison.C.Modeldesignandcreation. D.Experimentsanddatacollection.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretinElephantBehaviorsB.ScienceBehindElephantSoundsC.ExplorationofElephantGreetingsD.NewLightonElephantMovements【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了非洲大象在Jafuta保護區內如何互相問候、問候的多種方式以及這些問候的社會和溝通意義?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段““Femaleelephantsofdifferentfamilygroupsmighthavestrongsocialbonds(紐帶)witheachother,formingwhatwecallbondgroups,”saidVestaEleuterioftheUniversityofVienna,theleadwriterofthestudy.(該研究的主要作者、維也納大學的VestaEleuteri說：“不同家庭群體的母象可能彼此之間有很強的社會紐帶，形成了我們所說的紐帶群體?！?”可知，不同家庭群體的母象可能彼此之間有很強的社會紐帶，形成了我們所說的紐帶群體。故選D。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Theyactuallyshowanunderstandingofwhatotherelephantscansee,usingvisualgestureswhentheirpartnerislookingandtouchinggestureswhentheyarenot.(它們實際上表現出對其他大象所能看到的東西的理解，當它們的伴侶在看它們時，它們會用視覺手勢，而當它們不在時，它們會用觸摸手勢。)”可知，大象會根據其他大象是否在看而使用視覺或觸摸手勢，這顯示了它們對其他大象所見的意識。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Similargreetingbehaviorhasbeenobservedinvariousanimals,whichhelpsmanagesocialsituationsbyreducingtensionorconfirmingsocialbonds.Thestudyobservedbothfemaleandmaleelephantsinthereserve,withfemalegreetingscloselymatchingthoseofwildelephants,whilemalegreetingsappeareddifferent.(在各種動物中都觀察到類似的問候行為，這有助于通過減少緊張或鞏固社會關系來管理社會狀況。該研究觀察了保護區內的雌象和雄象，雌象的問候與野象的問候非常接近，而雄象的問候則有所不同。)”可知，研究主要是通過觀察保護區內的雌象和雄象，并比較了不同性別之間的問候方式。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Peoplegreeteachotherinvariousways,suchassaying“hello”indifferentlanguagesorthroughphysicalactionslikeshakinghands,givinghugs,orexchangingkisses.Similarly,elephantshavevariousgreetings,asrevealedbyarecentstudyconductedonAfricanelephantsinZimbabwe’sJafutaReserve.(人們以各種方式互相問候，比如用不同的語言說“你好”，或者通過握手、擁抱或親吻等肢體動作。同樣，大象也有各種各樣的問候，最近在津巴布韋賈夫塔保護區對非洲大象進行的一項研究表明。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要研究和分析大象如何以及為何用特定方式進行問候，C項“探索大象的問候”適合做文章標題。故選C。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Mother’sDayisanoccasiontocelebratemothers.____16____Basedonmyresearchandthoseofotherpsychologists,herearesometipsforcelebratingmomsonMother’sDay,andeveryday,toenhance(增強)wellbeingforbothmomsandtheirlovedones.____17____PsychologyresearchsuggeststhatMother’sDaycardshaveitright—buildingamother’sconfidencebytellingthemthatthey’reamazingorthattheyalwaysknowhowtomakethefamilyfeelbettercanbegreatlyeffectiveinenhancingmoms’happiness.____18____paredtofathers,mothersgenerallyreportfeelingmoreemotionallyconnectedtotheirkidsandmorestronglyidentifyingasaparent.Aphonecallwiththeirkidscanreallyimproveamom’swellbeing.Thebenefitsofcelebratingmomsalsoreachtheirkids.____19____Forexample,myresearchhasfoundthatmomswhoarelessstressedareseenbytheiradolescentkidsasbeingbetteratunderstandingthekids’ideas.Whenmothersfeelpositive,theyhavebettermunicationwiththeirkidsandtheirkidsfeelbetter.Thatmeansit’simportanttosendappreciationmom’swayeveryday,notjustonMother’sDay.Mothersarethemainsourceoffortandcareforfamiliesaroundtheworld,yetit’seasytotakethemforgranted(想當然認為)mostdaysacrosstheyear.____20____Helpingmomsfeelhappywillhelpthefamilyfeelhappy,too.A.Sowhatcanfamiliesdotoenhancemoms’happiness?B.Stresscanalsoimpacthowattentivemomsaretotheirfamily.C.However,wedon’toftenhearaboutthebenefitsofcelebratingmoms.D.Positiveparentsenhancechildren’smentalwellbeingandsocialbonds.E.Momsplayanimportantroleinshapingouridentitiesandguidingourlife.F.WhileflowersonMother’sDayareappreciated,let’scelebratemomseveryday.G.Ifyou’reanadultlivingfarawayfromyourparents,don’tforgettocallyourmom.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章為慶祝媽媽給出一些建議，以增強媽媽和她們所愛的人的幸福。【16題詳解】上文“Mother’sDayisanoccasiontocelebratemothers.(母親節是祝福母親的節日。)”說明母親節要祝福母親，選項C“然而，我們很少聽說祝福媽媽的好處?！鞭D折上文語義，引出下文“Basedonmyresearchandthoseofotherpsychologists,herearesometipsforcelebratingmomsonMother’sDay,andeveryday,toenhance(增強)wellbeingforbothmomsandtheirlovedones.(根據我和其他心理學家的研究，這里有一些在母親節和每天祝福媽媽的建議，以增強媽媽和她們所愛的人的幸福。)”介紹文章主題，為祝福媽媽給出一些建議。故選C項?！?7題詳解】下文“PsychologyresearchsuggeststhatMother’sDaycardshaveitright—buildingamother’sconfidencebytellingthemthatthey’reamazingorthattheyalwaysknowhowtomakethefamilyfeelbettercanbegreatlyeffectiveinenhancingmoms’happiness.(心理學研究表明，母親節賀卡是正確的——通過告訴母親她們很了不起，或者她們總是知道如何讓家人感覺更好，來建立母親的信心，這對提高媽媽的幸福感非常有效。)”介紹了提高媽媽幸福感的具體措施，選項A“那么，家庭該怎么做才能提高媽媽們的幸福感呢？”提出怎樣提高媽媽的幸福感的問題。選項中enhancemoms’happiness和下文中詞匯重疊，語義一致，故選A項?！?8題詳解】下文“paredtofathers,mothersgenerallyreportfeelingmoreemotionallyconnectedtotheirkidsandmorestronglyidentifyingasaparent.Aphonecallwiththeirkidscanreallyimproveamom’swellbeing.(與父親相比，母親通常會感覺與孩子的情感聯系更緊密，更認同自己是父母。和孩子打個真的能提高媽媽的幸福感。)”說明打能提高媽媽的幸福感，選項G“如果你是一個離父母很遠的成年人，別忘了給媽媽打?！苯ㄗh給媽媽打。故選G項?！?9題詳解】下文“Forexample,myresearchhasfoundthatmomswhoarelessstressedareseenbytheiradolescentkidsasbeingbetteratunderstandingthekids’ideas.Whenmothersfeelpositive,theyhavebettermunicationwiththeirkidsandtheirkidsfeelbetter.(例如，我的研究發現，在青春期的孩子看來，壓力較小的媽媽更能理解孩子的想法。當母親感到積極樂觀時，她們與孩子的溝通會更好，孩子也會感覺更好。)”說明積極樂觀的母親能夠更好地和孩子建立聯系并讓孩子更加身心健康，選項D“積極樂觀的父母能增強孩子的心理健康和社會聯系?！币I下文，概括說明積極樂觀的父母培養積極樂觀的孩子。故選D項。【20題詳解】上文“Mothersarethemainsourceoffortandcareforfamiliesaroundtheworld,yetit’seasytotakethemforgranted(想當然認為)mostdaysacrosstheyear.(母親是世界各地家庭舒適和關懷的主要來源，然而在一年中的大部分時間里，我們很容易把她們視為理所當然。)”說明現實中母親付出很多，然而節日之外大部分時間被忽視，選項F“雖然母親節的鮮花很受歡迎，但讓我們每天都為媽媽們祝福。”承接上文，說明除了母親節，我們應該每天都祝福媽媽。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。RachelBeckwithwasa9yearoldgirlfromAmerica.Shehadaspecialbirthday____21____.Insteadofaskingforpresents,shedreamedof____22____$300for“Charity:Water,”agroupthathelpsbringcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries.Rachel____23____tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends,butshefellabitshortofher____24____.Shemadea(an)____25____tohermomthatshewouldtryagainnextyear.Unfortunately,onJuly20,2011,Rachelwas____26____inacaraccidentwithhermomandsister.____27____herfamilyonlysufferedminorinjuries,Rachelwasbadlyhurtandwas____28____tothehospital.Threedayslater,herfamilyhadtomakethe____29____decisiontotakeherofflifesupport.AfterRachel’spassing,newsofherbirthdaywish_____30_____worldwide.Peoplestarteddonatingto“Charity:Water”inher_____31_____,andthecontributionspouredin.Rachel’sheartwasdonatedtoamaninCalifornia,whoalsosupportedher_____32_____.BytheendofRachel’sbirthdaycampaign(活動)inSeptember,morethan$1.26millionhadbeengiftedtocleanwaterprojects.To_____33_____Rachel’slegacy(遺產),herfamilystartedanonprofitcalledRachel’sWishingWellFoundation,_____34_____tospreadingawarenessaboutgivingandhelpingothers.Anyonecanmakeabig_____35_____,nomatterhowsmallthecontribution.21.A.party B.gift C.wish D.surprise22.A.borrowing B.raising C.having D.earning23.A.managed B.planned C.decided D.needed24.A.chances B.resources C.experience D.goal25.A.suggestion B.request C.apology D.promise26.A.caught B.frightened C.seen D.included27.A.While B.After C.Once D.Since28.A.guided B.moved C.rushed D.introduced29.A.quick B.tough C.wise D.correct30.A.unfolded B.came C.spread D.appeared31.A.interest B.favor C.power D.honor32.A.approach B.cause C.opinion D.experiment33.A.continue B.protect C.get D.keep34.A.addicted B.limited C.used D.devoted35.A.change B.mark C.difference D.leap【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹Rachel有一個特別的生日愿望，夢想著為“慈善之水”(Charity:Water)籌集300美元，后來意外事故她去世了，但是她的生日愿望傳遍了整個世界，人們為了紀念她，紛紛為“慈善之水”捐款的故事，告訴我們任何人都可以做出很大的改變，不管貢獻有多小?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她有一個特別的生日愿望。A.party派對；B.gift禮物；C.wish愿望；D.surprise驚訝。根據下文“Insteadofaskingforpresents,shedreamedof____2____$300for“Charity:Water,””可知，夢想給一個慈善組織集資，這是她的生日愿望，故選C。22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有要求禮物，而是夢想著為“慈善之水”(Charity:Water)籌集300美元，這是一個幫助發展中國家的人們獲得清潔水的組織。A.borrowing借；B.raising籌集；C.having有；D.earning賺，掙得。根據下文“$300for“Charity:Water,””可知，此處表示為慈善組織籌集資金，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Rachel設法從她的家人和朋友那里籌集了220美元，但她離目標還有一點距離。A.managed設法做到；B.planned計劃；C.decided決定；D.needed需要。根據下文“tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends,butshefellabitshortof”可知，Rachel設法籌集了220美元，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.chances機會；B.resources資源；C.experience經驗；D.goal目標。根據上文“shedreamedof____2____$300for“Charity:Water,”agroupthathelpsbringcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries”和“tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends”可知，她已經籌集到了220美元，所以離300美元的目標還差一點，故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她向她媽媽承諾明年再試一次。A.suggestion建議；B.request需求；C.apology道歉；D.promise諾言。根據下文“thatshewouldtryagainnextyear”可知，這是她向她媽媽做出的承諾，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，在2011年7月20日，Rachel與她的媽媽和妹妹發生了一場車禍。A.caught(使)遭遇；B.frightened使驚恐；C.seen