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2012MBAMPAMPACC聯考英語真題
Section1UseofEninglishDirections:
MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1)inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe2)mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3)alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4)offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5)anaverageguy,up
6)thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenincenturies。
Hisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7)GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticle8)tosoldiers.AndJoe?Acommonnameforaguywhonever9)ittothetop.Joe
Blow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10)hadapresidentorvicepresidentorsecretaryofstateJoe。
GI.joehada(11)careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappersasacharacter,ora(12)ofamericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle(13)portraydethemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe(14)sideofthewarl,writingaboutthedirt-snow–and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere(15)orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated,Hisreports(16)the“willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen(17)thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the(18)ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthe
civilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.(19)Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,
G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,(20)themostimportantpersonintheirlives。1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed
2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal3.[A]bore[B]cased[C]removed[D]loaded
4.[A]necessities[B]facilitice[C]commodities[D]propertoes5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence
6.[A]for[B]into[C]form[D]against
7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming8.[A]handedout[B]turnover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed
10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither
11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained
16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advancea19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond
20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpointSectionIIResdiongComprehension
PartADirections:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unified
hasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade。
Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseof
complicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren。
Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapatofschooling:teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeveylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?Itisquite
possiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule。
Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.
Conversely,ifhomeworkdoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect。
Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsiblefor
settingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.Itisnottoolatefor
L.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright。
21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadayshomework 。
[A]isreceivingmorecriticism[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual
[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses[D]isgainingmorepreferences
22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoorstudents 。
[A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhomework
[D]havevoicedtheircomplaintsabouthomework
AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitmay 。[A]discouragestudentsfromdoinghomework
[B]resultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportcards
[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests[D]restrictteachers'powerineducation
AsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkiswhether .[A]itshouldbeeliminated
[B]itcountsmuchinschooling
[C]itplacesextraburdensonteachers[D]itisimportantforgrades
Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe 。
WrongInterpretationofanEducationalPolicy[B]AWelcomedPolicyforPoorStudents[C]ThornyQuestionsaboutHomework
[D]AFaultyApproachtoHomework
Text2
Prettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememerbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Ttisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,
betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests。
Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthe
mid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketing
strategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears。
Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnatural
tokins,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’s
behaviour:wrong.Turnsout,acdordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularisedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacrurersinthe1930s。
Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Ttwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboost
profits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences–orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist。
Bysaying"itis...therainbow"(Line3,Para.1),theauthormeanspink 。[A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood
[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'innocence[C]cannotexplaingirls'lackofimagination[D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterests
AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?[A]Coloursareencodedingirls'DNA。
[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls。
[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders。[D]Whiteispreferedbybabies。
Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby 。
themarketingofproductsforchildren[B]theobservationofchildren'snature[C]researchesintochildren'sbehavior[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumption
WemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedto 。
focusoninfantwearandolderkids'clothes[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgenders
[C]classifyconsumersintosmallergroups[D]createsomecommonshoppers'terms
Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemstobe 。
clearlyexplainedbytheirinborntendency[B]fullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturers
[C]mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexperts
Text3
In2010.afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some20%ofhumangeneswereparented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatg
eneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganisation(BIO),atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle。
OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedthepriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholbpatentstotwogenssthathelpforecastawoman'sriskofbreastc
ancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad,acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsalike。
Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatpersonalisedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynotoverCriticsmakethreemainargumentsagainstgenepatents:ageneisaproductofnature,soitmaynotbepatented;genepatentssuppressinnovationratherthanrewardit;andpatents'monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriad's.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafed
eraltask-forceurgedreformforpatentsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJustice“isnolessaproductofnature...thanarecottonfibresthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds。”
Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherth
esequencingofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt。
AStheindustryadvances,however,othersuitsmayhaveanevengreaterpaniesareunlikelyto morepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthepublicdomain.firmsarenowstudyinghowgenesintcract,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbe
usedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug’sefficacy,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor‘connectingthedits’,expaainshanssauer,alawyerfortheBIO。
Theirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuitrelatedtothisissue,broughtbytheMayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.TheBIOrtcentlyheldaconventionwhich
includedseddionstocoachlawyersontheshiftinglandscapeforpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked。
itcanbelearnedfromparagraphIthatthebiotechcompanieswouldlike
theirexecutivestobeactive
judgestoruleoutgenepatenting
genestobepatcntablc
theBIOtoissueawarning
thosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat
genetictestsarenotreliable
onlyman-madeproductsarepatentable
patentsongenesdependmuchoninnovatiaon
courtsshouldrestrictaccesstogenetictests
accordingtohanssauer,companiesareeagertowinpatentsforA.establishingdiseasecomelations
B.discoveringgeneinteractionsC.drawingpicturesofgenesD.identifyinghumanDNA
Bysaying“eachmeetingwaspacked”(line4,para6)theauthormeansthat
thesupremecourtwasauthoritative
theBIOwasapowerfulorganization
genepatentingwasagreatconcern
lawyerswerekeentoattendconventiongs
generallyspeaking,theauthor’sattitudetowardgenepatentingisA.critical
B.supportiveC.scornfulD.objective
Text4
Thegreatrecessionmaybeover,butthiseraofhighjoblessnessisprobablybeginning.
Beforeitends,
itwilllikelychangethelifecourseandcharacterofagenerationofyoungadults.Andultimately,itislikelytoreshapeourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforyears。
Noonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthisnationaleconomicdisaster.Manysaidthatunemployment,whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedtheminsomeways;theyhadbecomelessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers.Inlimitedrespects,perhapstherecessionwillleavesocietybetteroff.Attheveryleast,
ithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputanecessaryendtoaneraofrecklesspersonalspending。
Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedthe
advanceofrightsandfreedoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesconflictbetweenracesandclasses。
Incomeinequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnotshrunkinthisone,.Indeed,thisperiodofeconomicweaknessmayreinforceclassdivides,anddecreaseopportunitiestocrossthemespeciallyforyoungpeople.TheresearchofTillVonWachter,theeconomistinColumbiaUniversity,suggeststhatnotallpeoplegraduatingintoarecessionseetheirlifechancesdimmed:thosewithdegreesfromeliteuniversitiescatchupfairlyquicklytowheretheyotherwise
wouldhavebeeniftheyhadgraduatedinbettertimes;itisthemassesbeneaththemthatareleftbehind。
Intheinternetage,itisparticularlyeasytoseetheresentmentthathasalwaysbeenhiddenwinthinAmericansociety.Moredifficult,inthemoment,isdiscerningpreciselyhowtheseleantimesareaffectingsociety’scharacter.Inmanyrespects,theU.S.wasmoresociallytolerantenteringthisresessionthanatanytimeinitshistory,andavarietyofnationalpollsonsocialconflictsincethenhaveshownmixedresults.Wewillhavetowaitandseeexactlyhowthesehardtimeswillreshapeoursocialfabric.Buttheycertainlyit,andallthemoresothelongerthey
extend。
Bysaying“tofindsilverlinings”(Line1,Para.2)theauthorsuggestthatthejoblesstryto 。
seeksubsidiesfromthegovemment[B]explorereasonsfortheunermployment[C]makeprofitsfromthetroubledeconomy[D]lookonthebrightsideoftherecession
AccordingtoParagraph2,therecessionhasmadepeople 。
realizethenationaldream[B]struggleagainsteachother[C]challengetheirlifestyle[D]reconsidertheirlifestyle
BenjaminFriedmanbelievethateconomicrecessionsmay 。
imposeaheavierburdenonimmigrants[B]bringoutmoreevilsofhumannature[C]Promotetheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms[D]easeconflictsbetweenracesandclasses
TheresearchofTillVonWachthersuggeststhatinrecessiongraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendto 。
lagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedopportunities[B]catchupquicklywithexperiencedemployees[C]seetheirlifechancesasdimmedastheothers’[D]recovermorequicklythantheothers
Theauthorthinksthattheinfluenceofhardtimesonsocietyis 。
certain[B]positive[C]trivial
[D]destructivePartBDirections:
Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEERT1.(10points)
“Universalhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhasaccomplishedinthisworld,isatbottomthe
HistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictoriansageThomasCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisnot。
Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavouritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassingliterarycraze,butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcernedwithlearningfromforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.
Today,wewantempathy,notinspiration。
FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemplarylivesofgreatmen.In1337,PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDeVirisIllustribus–OnFamousMen,highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.Thiswasthebiographical
traditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,thechampionedcunning,ruthlessness,andboldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsofsuccessfulleaders。
Overtime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.TheRomanticscommemoratedtheleadingpaintersandauthorsoftheirday,stressingtheuniquenessoftheartist'spersonalexperienceratherthanpublicglory.Bycontrast,theVictorianauthorSamualSmileswroteSelf-Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplores."Thevaluableexampleswhichtheyfurnishofthepowerofself-help,ifpatientpurpose,resoluteworkingandsteadfastintegrity,issuingintheformulationoftrulynobleandmanycharacter,exhibit,"wroteSmiles."whatitisinthepowerofeachtoaccomplishforhimself"HisbiographiesofJamesWalt,RichardArkwright
andJosiahWedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultlife。
ThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocusedhisbiographiesonthetrulyheroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleonBonaparte.Theseepochalfigures
representedliveshardtoimitate,buttobeacknowledgedaspossessinghigherauthoritythanmeremortals。
CommunistManifesto.Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmensewealthnorwagedbattles:“Itisman,real,livingmanwhodoesallthat。”Andhistoryshouldbethestoryof
themassesandtheirrecordofstruggle.Assuch,itneededtoappreciatetheeconomicrealities,thesocialcontextsandpowerrelationsinwhicheachepochstood.For:“Menmaketheirownhistory,
buttheydonotmakeitjustastheyplease;theydonotmakeitundercircumstanceschosenbythemselves,butundercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfromthepast。”
Thiswasthetraditionwhichrevolutionizedourappreciationofthepast.InplaceofThomasCarlyle,BritainnurturedChristopherHill,EPThompsonandEricHobsbawm.Historyfrombelowstoodalongsidebiographiesofgreatmen.Wholenewrealmsofunderstanding—fromgendertoracetoculturalstudies—wereopenedupasscholarsunpickedthemultiplicityoflost
societies.Andittransformedpublichistorytoo:downstairsbecamejustasfascinatingasupstairs。
[A]emphasizedthevirtueofclassicalheroes。
41.Petrarch
[B]highlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingartists。
42.NiccoloMachiavellli
[C]focusedonepochalfigureswhoseliveswerehardtoimitate。
43.SamuelSmiles
[D] opened up new realms ofunderstandingthegreatmeninhistory。
44.ThomasCarlyle
[E]heldthathistoryshouldbethestory
ofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle。
45.MarxandEngels
[F]dismissedvirtueasunnecessaryforsuccessfulleaders。
[G]depictedtheworthylivesofengineerindustrialistsandexplorers
SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:
TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)
Whenpeopleindevelopingcountriesworryaboutmigration,theyareusuallyconcernedat
theprospectofthebestandbrightestdeparturetoSiliconValleyortohospitalsanduniversitiesin
thedevelopedworld,ThesearethekindofworkersthatcountrieslikeBritain,CanadaandAustraliatrytoattractbyusingimmigrationrulesthatprivilegecollegegraduates。
Lotsofstudieshavefoundthatwell-educatedpeoplefromdevelopingcountriesareparticularlylikelytoemigrate.AbigsurveyofIndianhouseholdsin2004foundthatnearly40%ofemigrantshadmorethanahigh-schooleducation,comparedwitharound3.3%ofallIndiansovertheageof25.This"braindrain"haslongbotheredpolicymakersinpoorcountries,Theyf
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