Station授課內容（英文）：第四章鐵路車站

——車站是鐵路運輸生產的基地。是設有配線的分界點。鐵路運輸生產，除列車在區間運行一項外，其余均在車站進行。Chapter4Railway

StationThestationisthebaseofrailwaytransportation,anditisthedemarcationpointofthedistributionline.Railwaytransportproduction,inadditiontothetrainrunningintheinterval,andtherestarecarriedoutinthestation.

第一節

車站的基礎知識

一、車站與區間1、車站——鐵路辦理客運、貨運業務及運輸組織作業的主要場所。設有車站線路、客貨運設備等。2、區間——相鄰兩個車站間的一段鐵路線路，一條鐵路線路被車站劃分為若干個區間4.1BasicknowledgeofstationIStationandintervalStation--themainplaceforthepassengertransportation,freighttransportationandtransportationorganizationwork.Withastationline,passengerandfreightequipmentetc.2IntervalInterval??theintervalbetweenthetwoadjacentstationsofarailwayline,arailwaylineisdividedintoseveralsectionsofthestation.StationtrackMainlineSchematicdiagramoftheintermediatestationlayout3、車站與區間的劃分①劃分的意義：分清工作責任，保證行車安全。②車站與區間的分界線單線鐵路：以進站信號機柱的中心線為界；雙線鐵路：兩端分別以各正線的進站信號機柱和站界標柱的中心線為界。3DivisionofstationandintervalSignificanceofdivision:Workresponsibility,ensuretrafficsafety.Thedividinglineisbetweenstationandinterval.Singlelinerailway:thecentrallineofthestationsignal;Doubletrackrailway:bothendsoneachlinestopsignalcolumnandcolumnstationlandmarkcenterlinetotheworld.

二、車站的作用、分類1、鐵路運輸生產過程：出發→途中運行→到達2、車站的業務①貨運業務：車站對貨運人辦理的貨物運輸的受理、承運、裝車、卸車、保管、交付等各項作業的總稱。②客運業務：車站對旅客辦理的旅客運輸的售票、候車、進站檢票、上車、下車、出站驗票、簽證、退票等各項作業的總稱。IIThefunctionandclassificationofthestation1Railwaytransportproductionprocess:departure→

runontheway→arrival.2Stationbusiness1)Freighttransportationbusiness:Generalacceptance,shipping,loadingandunloading,storage,deliveryandotheroperationsofthefreightstationforthetransportofgoods.

2)Passengertransportbusiness:Thestationforpassengersforpassengertransportticket,stop,waitingforthetrainandgetoff,ticketinspection,visa,refundandotheractivities.

③運轉業務：分行車和調車兩部分。調車：解體、編組、摘車、掛車、取車、送車、等各項作業的總稱。3、車站的作用①對外，是鐵路的窗口，與旅客、貨主辦理各項客貨運輸業務。②對內，是鐵路運輸生產基地。辦理除列車在區間運行以外的各項運轉作業。3)Runningbusiness:Sub-trafficandshuntingThegeneraltermofshunting:Disintegration,grouping,pick,trailer,takethecar,sendthecarandotheroperations.3StationfunctionExternalfunction:thewindowtotheoutside,todealwithtransportationofpassengersandcargotransportbusiness.Internalfunction:istheproductionbaseofrailwaytransport.Todealwithotheroperationsexcepttherunningofthetrainintheinterval.

4、車站的分類①按業務性質分類（對外）客運站——設于鐵路樞紐內，專門辦理客運業務的車站；貨運站——設于鐵路樞紐內，專門辦理貨運業務的車站，包括工業站、港口站、危險貨物車站等專業性車站；客貨運站——既辦理客運業務，又辦理貨運業務的綜合性車站。4Classificationofstations1)Accordingtothebusinessnatureoftheclassification(external)Passengerstation-locatedintherailwayhub,thestationdedicatedtothepassengertransportbusiness;Freightstation-locatedintherailwayhub,dedicatedtohandlingfreightstations,includingindustrialstations,portstations,dangerousgoodsstationsandotherprofessionalstations;Passengerandfreightstation---Notonlyforthepassengerbusiness,butalsoforthecomprehensivefreightbusinessstation.

②按作業性質分類（對內）中間站——設于區段內，主要辦理列車的會讓、越行、通過作業的車站；區段站——設于區段的分界點，主要辦理列車的無調中轉作業；（技術站）編組站——設于區段分界點或樞紐內，大量辦理列車的中轉作業（包括有調和無調）。③按車站擔負的任務量、在鐵路網中的地位分：特、一、二、三、四、五等站。2）Classificationaccordingtothenatureofoperations(internal):Intermediatestation-locatedinthesection,mainlydealingwiththepassingevents,trainovertaking,andtrainpassing;Sectionstation-thedemarcationpointofthesection,themainprocessingofthetransferofthetrainoperation;(TechnicalStation)Themarshalingstation,whichislocatedinthedemarcationpointorthejunctionofthesector,dealingwithalargenumberoftransferoperationsforthetrain(includingtheadjustmentandadjustment).3）Accordingtotheamountoftasksandthestatusoftherailwaynetwork,stationscanbedividedintoprincipalstation,thefirstclassstation,thesecondclassstation,thethirdstation,thefourthstation,andthefifthstation.

鐵路區段：相鄰兩個技術站之間的鐵路線路。鐵路樞紐：大城市或大工業區附近，幾條鐵路線路交匯處，有多個專業性車站及其連接的聯絡線、線路所、專用線等技術設備組成的辦理各項鐵路運輸業務的中心。Railwaysection:Arailwaylinebetweentwoadjacentstations.Railwayjunction:Nearthebigcityorlargeindustrialzones,severalrailwaylinesinterchange,thereareanumberofprofessionalstationsandtherailwaytransportservicecenterwhichiscomposedofthecontactline,connectinglines,speciallinesandothertechnicalequipment.三、車站股道、道岔編號及股道有效長1、主要股道（即車站線路種類）正線（不屬于站線）——直接連通區間線路，與區間線路統稱為正線。區間部分稱為區間正線，站內部分稱為站內正線。到發線——專門辦理列車到、發作業的線路；調車線——供車列解體、編組并存放車輛的線路；牽出線——供列車解體、編組及轉線等牽出使用的線路；貨物線——專門辦理貨物裝、卸車作業的線路；大站設于貨場內。IIIStationtrack,turnoutnumber,andtheeffectivelengthofstationtrack1Themaintrack(i.e.stationlinetype)Themainline(donotbelongtothestation)-Directlyconnectsintervallines,Togetherwiththeintervallinereferredtoasthemainline.Intervalpartiscalledtheintervalline;theintra-stationpartiscalledintra-stationline.Arrivalanddeparturelines:lineisspecificallyusedfortrainarrivalanddeparture;Shuntingline:linefortraindisintegration,marshalingandvehiclestorage;Draw-outtrack:linefortraindisintegration,groupingandshunting;Cargoline:lineforcargoloadingandunloadingoperations;largestationislocatedintheyard.

機車走行線、檢修線、禁溜線等。以上屬站線范圍段管線——各段專用并由其管理的線路。岔線——在區間或站內接軌，通向路內外單位的專用線路。特殊用途線——為保證行車安全而設置的安全線和避難線。Therearelocomotiverunningline,maintenanceline,forbiddensliplines.Theabovebelongtotherangeofstationline.Sectionline:eachsectionisinchargeofthededicatedline.Forkline:alineisintheintervalorinthestation,leadingtotheroadinsideandoutsidetheunitdedicatedline.Specialpurposelines:safetylinesandevacuationlinesforsafedriving.

2、股道編號：正線用羅馬數字，站線用阿拉伯數字。（1）單線鐵路車站股道編號：有靠近站舍的股道開始順序編號。（2）雙線鐵路車站股道編號：分別從兩條正線依次向外編號，下行正線一側用單數，上行正線一側用雙數。Tracknumber:TheRomannumeralsareforthemainlineandtheArabicnumeralsareforthestationline.1)Singlerailwaystationtracknumber:tracknearthetrainstation

startssequencenumber.(2)Doublelinerailwaystationtracknumber:setcoderespectivelyfromtwomainlines,downsideusessingular,upwardlineusesdoubleside.ThroughpassengerstationStubendpassengerstationSchematicdiagramofpassengerstation1Stationbuilding2Overlinebridge3Platform4Machineline5leavingpassengertrainserviceyard

3、道岔編號：用阿拉伯數字編號。原則：由外而內，先主后次，依次編號，下行列車到達一端用單數，上行列車到達一端用雙數。注意：（1）股道和道岔編號的作用是方便股道、道岔的使用和管理；（2）一個車站的每股道、每個道岔的編號必須是獨立的，即不得有相同的編號。3Turnoutnumber:Arabiadigitalcode.Principle:fromoutsidetoinside,thefirstisafterthesecond,followedbynumbers;downtrainusesanoddnumberwhenitreachesoneend,uptrainusesanevennumberwhenitreachesoneend.Notice:1)Theroleoftrackandswitchnumberisforconvenientuseandmanagementoftrackandturnout;(2)Thenumberoftracksandpointsforeachstationmustbeindependent,thatis,thereshallnotbethesamenumber.

ThroatfigureofKstationswitchyardFreightyard

4、股道全長及有效長（1）股道全長——線路一端的道岔基本軌接頭到另一端的道岔基本軌接頭的長度。如為盡頭式線路，則為道岔基本軌接頭至車擋的長度。站內正線不另計全長。確定線路全長，主要是為了設計時便于估計造價，比較設計方案。

（2）股道有效長——線路全長范圍內可以停留機車車輛，而不妨礙鄰線正常行車部分的長度。4Tracklengthandeffectivelength①Tracklength:thelengthwhichisfromturnoutbasicrailjointofthelineendtothatoftheotherendoftheline.Instub-endlineit’sthelengthfromthebasicrailjointtothevehiclegear.Thefulllengthofthelinedoesn’tcountmainline.Confirmingthelinelengthismainlytofacilitatethedesignoftheestimatedcost,comparethedesigns.②

Effectivelengthoftrack:Locomotivevehiclescanstayinthelengthofthewholelinewithouthinderingtothenormalpartofthelengthoftheadjacentline.

股道有效長的確定因素：①警沖標；②出站信號機或調車信號機；③道岔的尖軌尖端（無軌道電路時）或道岔基本軌接頭處的鋼軌絕緣（有軌道電路時；）④車擋（盡頭線路時）；設計線路有效長，主要根據線路作業量、用途及其連接形式而定。Factorsdeterminetheeffectivelengthoftrack:1)Warningmark;2)Theoutboundsignalortheshuntingsignal;3)Thetipoftherailturnout(notrackcircuit)orrailjointinsulationofbasicrailjoint(trackcircuit;)4)Thecarbumper(endline);5)Thedesignedcircuitiseffective,whichismainlybasedonthelineoperationanditsconnectionform.

Confirmationofeffectiveline

length

我國貨物列車到發線有1050、850、750、650、550m等幾種標準有效長。開行重載列車為主的鐵路可采用大于1050m的到發線有效長度。一個車站的每一條到發線的有效長必須大于或等于規定的標準有效長。China'sfreighttrain'sarrivalanddepartureline

includes1050,850,750,650,550mandotherstandardeffectivelength.Railwaylinewithheavyhaultrainsmainlyusesarrivalanddeparturelinewhichismorethan1050m.Theeffectivelengthofeachstation'sarrivalanddeparturelinemustbegreaterthanorequaltothespecifiedstandardeffectivelength.

第二節中間站一、中間站的作用保證行車安全，提高鐵路區段通過能力，為沿線城鄉的客、貨運服務。一個區間一般情況下，只允許運行一個列車。設置中間站即可縮短區間長度，增加區間數量，即增加了運行的列車數量。

二、中間站的主要任務調整列車運行，辦理列車的通過、會讓、越行和客貨運業務。ITheroleofintermediatestationsItistoensuretrafficsafety,improvethecapacityoftherailwaysection,alongtheurbanandruralpassengerandfreightservices.Asectionundernormalcircumstances,onlyallowtheoperationofatrain.Settheintermediatestationtoshortentheintervallength,increasethenumberofintervals,whichincreasedthenumberoftrainsrunning.IIMaintaskoftheintermediatestationAdjustthetrainrunning,dealwithtraintransmitting,overtaking,yielding,andpassengerandfreightbusiness.4.2Intermediatestations

三、中間站的作業1、運轉業務：接發列車及放行通過列車作業（主要作業），車輛的摘掛作業和貨場、專用線取送車作業。2、客運業務：旅客乘降和行包的承運、保管、交付；3、貨運業務：貨物的承運、裝卸、保管與交付。IIITheintermediatestationoperation

1Transmittingbusiness:receivingtrainsandreleasingthroughtrains(mainoperations),pickupoperationofvehicleanddeliveryvehicleoperationoffreightyardandspecial-purposeline

2Passengertransportbusiness:passengersboardingalightingandcarriage,insurance,deliveryofpackage

3Freightbusiness:thecarriage,handling,storageanddeliveryofgoods.

四、中間站的設備1、運轉設備：列車到發線、貨物裝卸線、牽出線和調車線等；2、客運設備：為旅客服務的站房、站臺、站臺間的跨越設備（一般為平過道）和雨棚等；3、貨運設備：為貨運服務的貨物站臺、倉庫、雨棚、堆放場、裝卸機械及辦公房屋等；4、信號及通信設備等。IVIntermediatestationequipment

1Transmittingequipment:arrivalanddeparturelines,cargoloadingandunloadinglines,pull-outlinesandshuntinglines;

2Passengerequipment:thestation,platform,platformacrossequipment(usuallyflataisle)andcanopyforpassengerservices;

3Freightequipment:cargoplatforms,warehouses,canopy,stackingyards,loadingandunloadingmachineryandofficehousesforfreightservices;

4Signalandcommunicationequipment.

五、會讓站和越行站設于偏僻地區，專門用來提高線路通過能力而設置的車站。1、會讓站：設于單線鐵路上，主要辦理列車的到發和會讓及越行，也可辦理少量的客貨運業務。2、越行站：設于雙線鐵路上，主要辦理同方向列車的越行業務。VYieldingstationandovertakingstation

Locatedinremoteareas,theyaredesignedtoimprovethelinethroughcapacity.

1Yieldingstation:locatedinsingle-trackrailway,themainprocessingcontentistodealwiththearrival,departure,yieldingandovertakingofthetrain,anddealwithsmallamountofpassengerandfreightbusinessaswell.

2Overtakingstation:locatedinthetwo-lanerailway,itmainlydealswithovertakingbusinessofthetraininthesamedirection.

第三節區段站——鐵路網上牽引區段的分界點。主要任務：為鄰接的鐵路區段供應機車及更換乘務組；為無改編中轉貨物列車辦理規定的技術作業；辦理一定數量的貨物列車解、編作業及客貨運業務。4.3SectionstationThecut-offpointofrailwaytraction.Mainmissions:

Supplylocomotivesandreplacementofcrewsforadjacentsections

Providetechnicaloperationsfortheunregulatedtransittrainaccordingtotheprovisions;

Handleacertainnumberofgoodstrainsolution,compilationandpassengerandcargobusiness.

鐵路主要貨物列車種類：始發直達列車技術直達列車直通列車區段列車沿零摘掛列車小運轉列車Maintypesofrailwayfreighttrain:ThroughtrainoriginatedfromoneloadingpointTechnologydirecttrainThroughtrainSectiontrainDistrictlocaltrainSmalloperatingtrain

一、區段站的作業1、客運業務：項目與中間站基本相同，作業量較大。2、貨運業務：項目與中間站基本相同，作業量較大。3、運轉業務（1）客運列車運轉業務：旅客列車的接發及管內和市郊旅客列車的始發、終到作業。（2）貨運列車運轉業務：大量的無調中轉列車作業（主要是接發列車作業）；列車的解體、編組作業；向貨場、專用線、專用鐵道取送車作業。ISectionstationoperations

1Passengerbusiness:theprojectisbasicallythesamewiththeintermediatestationwithalargeramountofwork.

2Freightbusiness:theprojectisbasicallythesamewiththeintermediatestationwithalargeramountofwork.

3Transmittingbusiness

(1)Passengertrainoperations:Passengertrainreceiving,andthedepartureandarrivalofpassengertrainsinandoutofthecity.(2)Freighttrainoperation:alargenumberofunregulatedtransittrainoperations(mainlyarrivalanddepartureoftrainsoperations);traindisintegration,marshalingoperations;deliveryvehicleoperationsofthefreightyard,speciallines,specialrailway

4、機務業務：機車的運用、檢修和整備作業和機車掛運與換掛。5、車輛業務：列車中車輛的技術檢查和車輛的檢修作業。4Maintenanceservice:Theapplicationandmaintenanceoflocomotiveandlocomotiveservicingandtransportationandhanging.5Vehicleoperations:technicalinspectionofvehiclesinthetrainandvehiclemaintenanceoperations.

二、區段站的設備1、客運業務設備：項目與中間站相同，規模較大，跨線設備可設天橋或地道。2、貨運業務設備：貨場及貨場內貨物裝卸線、貨物站臺、雨棚、倉庫、裝卸機械等。3、運轉設備：旅客列車到發線、貨物列車到發線、駝峰、調車場、牽出線等。4、機務設備：機務段或折返段（屬于機務部門設置，為運轉服務）；5、車輛設備：站修所和列檢所，個別區段站設有車輛段（均屬車輛部門設置，為運轉服務）。6、工務、電務、給水及建筑設備等IISectionstationequipment

1Passengerbusinessequipment:theprojectisthesamewithintermediatestationwithalargerscale;cross-lineequipmentcanbelocatedoverpassortunnel.

2Freightbusinessequipment:freightyardhandlinglines,cargoplatform,canopy,storage,handlingmachinery.

3Transmittingequipment:departureandarrivallineofpassengerandfreighttrain,hump,shuntingyard,pull-outlineandsoon.

4Maintenanceequipment:Locomotivedepotorreentrantdepot(belongingtothemaintenancedepartmentsetuptransmittingservices);

5Vehicleequipment:stationrepairandinspectionInstitute,somesectionsaresetwiththedepot(thevehiclesectorsetsfortransmittingservices).

6Publicworks,electricity,watersupplyandconstructionequipment

upstreamCargoyardStationcircuitdiagramKstation134-departureandarrivallineII-Mainline5678-shuntingline910-repairtrackinstation1113-leadtrack12–cargoline機1–Locomotiverunningline機2、機3–servicingsiding機4–Oilunloadingline

三、區段站布置圖（一）設備配置的基本原則（方便業務、減少干擾、縮短行程、增加平行作業進路）1、客運站舍及基本站臺應設于城鎮一側；旅客列車到發線應盡量靠近站舍和正線。以便于客流組織和旅客列車的到發。2、貨物列車到發場緊靠旅客列車到發線。3、調車場應緊靠到發場，以縮短車列轉線的行程，減少與其他作業的干擾。IIISectionstationlayout1Thebasicprinciplesofequipmentconfiguration(tofacilitatebusiness,reduceinterference,shortentheitinerary,increasetheparalleloperationsapproach)

1)Passengerstationandthebasicplatformshouldbelocatedinthetownside;thedepartureandarrivallineofpassengertrainshouldbeclosetothestationhouseandthemainlineinordertofacilitatethearrivalofpassengerfloworganizationandpassengertrain.

2)Thedepartureandarrivallineoffreighttraintothehairfieldshouldbeclosetothedepartureandarrivallineofpassengertrain3)Shuntingyardshouldbeclosetothedepartureandarrivalfieldinordertoshortenthetrainlinetriptoreducetheinterferencewithotheroperations.

4、機務段設于到發場的某一端，以縮短機車出入段的行程。5、貨場應盡量設于城鎮的同側，并靠近調車場，以利于貨主搬運貨物，并盡量方便貨物作業車的取送。6、站修所或車輛段設于調車場附近，以縮短檢修車的行程。4)Thelocomotivedepotislocatedinoneendofthefieldtoshortenthelocomotivetrip.

5)Theyardshouldbelocatedinthesamesideofthetown,andclosetotheyardinordertofacilitatetheownertocarrythegoods,andtofacilitatethedeliveryofgoods.

6)Stationrepairordepotshouldbelocatedclosetotheshuntingyardtoshortenthemaintenancetrip.

（二）區段站的基本布置圖按各車場位置關系歸納為：橫列式：上下行貨物列車到發場為橫向排列。縱列式：上下兩個到發場分設在正線兩側并縱向完全錯開。客貨縱列式：將旅客運轉設備與貨物運轉設備沿正線順列布置。IIBasiclayoutofsection

stationAccordingtothelocationrelationshipbetweenthedepots:Horizontaltype:upanddowngoodstraintothedepartureandarrivalfieldinthehorizontalarrangement.Longitudinaltype:upanddowndepartureandarrivalfieldsarelocatedonbothsidesofthemainlineandverticallycompletelystaggered.Passengerandfreightlongitudinaltype:thepassengerandcargotransmittingequipmentarearrangedinsequencealongthemainline.

第四節編組站編組站是指在鐵路網上辦理大量貨物列車解體、編組作業，并為此設有比較完善的調車設備的車站。一、編組站的主要任務1、解體和編組各種類型的貨物列車（主要任務，編組站有貨物列車制造工廠之稱）；2、開行小運轉列車，組織和取送本地區的車流；3、客貨運業務；4、向各連接的區段供應列車動力；5、車輛的檢修。Themarshalingstationistohandlealargenumberofgoodsinrailwaynetworktraindisintegration,marshalingoperation,whichhasrelativelyperfectshuntingequipment.I.MaintasksofMarshalingStation1Disintegrationandmarshalingofvarioustypesofcargotrains(Maintask:themarshalingstationcanalsobecalledasthegoodstrainmanufacturingplant)2Theoperationofasmalloperationofthetrain,theorganizationandaccesstotheareaoftraffic.3Passengerandfreightbusiness4Supplytraindynamicstoallconnectedsegments5Vehiclemaintenance5.4MarshallingStation

downShuntingfieldDeparturefieldArrivalfieldLocomotivedepotArrivalanddeparturefield

二、編組站的主要作業1、運轉業務①列車到達作業；②列車解體作業；③列車編組作業；④列車出發作業；⑤向貨場、專用線、專用鐵道取送車輛。（主要作業）2、客貨運業務（專業性編組站不辦理該項業務）3、機務業務4、車輛業務II.MainoperationofMarshalingStation1Runningbusiness1)Trainarrivaloperation2)Traindisintegrationoperation3)Trainformationoperation4)TrainStartingoperation2Deliveryvehiclestotheyard,specialline,specialrailway3Passengerandfreightbusiness(Professionalmarshalingstationdoesnot

handlethebusiness)

4Maintenanceservice

5Vehiclebusiness

三、編組站的主要設備1、運轉設備（1）調車設備：調車駝峰、編組場、牽出線，這是編組站的核心設備；（2）行車設備：貨物列車出發場、到達場、到發場；2、客貨運設備3、機務設備：一般在編組站均設有大型機務段；4、車輛設備：一般均設有車輛段及其派出的列檢所、站修所。III.MainequipmentofMarshalingStation

1OperatingequipmentShuntingequipment:shuntinghump,marshalingyard,holdoutlet,thisisthecoreequipmentofmarshalingstationDrivingequipment:freighttraindeparture,arrivalfield,departureandarrivalline2Passengerandfreighttransportequipment3Maintenanceequipment:Generallythereisalargedepotinmarshalingstation4Vehicleequipment:ingeneral,itisprovidedwithavehiclesectionandalistofinspectionstations.

四、編組站布置圖及分類1、編組站分類方法（1）按改編系統數分為：單向編組站、雙向編組站；（2）按各車場間的排列方式分為：

橫列式：上下行到發場與調車場橫向排列；

混合式：主要車場（D、B）縱向排列，部分車場橫向排列；

縱列式：D、B、F為順向排列。“幾級幾場”：“級”指車場排列形式，“場”指車場。IVLayoutandclassificationofmarshalingstation1Classificationmethodsofmarshalingstation①Accordingtothenumberofadaptationsystem,itisdividedintotwotypes:one-waymarshalingstation,two-waymarshalingstation.②Accordingtothearrangementofpointsfortheyard,therearethreetypes.Rowtype:HorizontalarrangementofShuntingyardandup-downarrivalanddepartureyardMixedtype:themaindepot(D,B)isarrangedvertically,partsofdepotarehorizontallyarrangedTandem:D,B,Ffortheconsequentarrangement"xxxstagesandxxxfield":“stage”referstotheyardarrangement,"field"referstotheyard

2、編組站布置圖基本類型六種：即單向橫列式、單向縱列式、單向混合式雙向橫列式、雙向縱列式、雙向混合式3、車流在“三級三場”式的編組站的作業流程（1）有調車流：到達技檢、駝峰解體、編組集結、尾部編組、出發技檢。（2）無調車流：出發技檢。2. BasictypesofmarshalingyardlayoutSixtypes:singlerowtype,one-waytandem,one-waymixedtypedoublerowtype,two-waytandem,bidirectionalhybrid3. Operationflowofwagonsin"threestageandthreefield"marshalingstation1)Regulatedtrafficflow:Arrivaloftechnicalinspection,dismantlinghump,marshalingassembly,tailmarshaling,startingtechnicalinspection.2)Non-regulatedtrafficflow:Startingoftechnicalinspection

Unidirectionalthreestageandthreefieldlongitudinalmarshalingstationdiagram

Unidirectionallongitudinalmarshalingstationdiagram1Arrivalfield2Marshalingfield3Departureandthroughfield5cardepot4Locomotivedepotconfigurationschemearranged

jointlywithcardepot6Locomotivedepot7Hump8Conditioningequipment

五、調車設備（一）調車工作1、調車：在車站內，除列車運行外機車車輛一切有目的的移動。2、調車的種類（1）按調車設備的不同分：牽出線調車、駝峰調車。（2）按調車的目的分：取送調車、摘掛調車、解體調車、編組調車、轉場調車。（3）按調車作業方式分：推送調車法、溜放調車法。

VMarshalingfacilitiesShuntingworkShunting:Alllocomotivevehicles’purposefulmovesinthestationarecalledshuntingexceptfortrainrunning.2.Typesofshuntingwork①

Accordingtodifferentshuntingequipment,theyaredividedintotwotypes:Pull-outshunting,humpshunting②

Accordingtothepurposeofshunting,theyaredividedintofivetypes:taking-outandplacing-inshunting,detachingandattachingofcars,disintegrationshunting,marshalingshunting,shuntingtransition③Accordingtotheshuntingoperationmode,theyaredividedintotwotypes:push-pullshunting,flyshuntingmethod授課內容（英文）：第一章鐵路運輸組織第一篇鐵路客流組織與貨運組織第一章鐵路客流組織第二章鐵路貨流組織Part3RailwayTransportWorkingGroupRailwaypassengerorganizationandfreightorganizationChapter1

RailwaypassengerorganizationChapter2Railwayfreightorganization

第一章鐵路運輸組織第一節鐵路旅客運輸的意義和特點第二節客流和旅客列車的分類第三節鐵路旅客運輸的組織機構第四節客流調查與旅客運輸計劃

Chapter1Railwaypassengerorganization1.1Significanceandcharacteristicsofrailway

passengerorganization1.2Classificationofpassengerandpassengertrains1.3Organizationofrailwaypassengertransport1.4Passengerflowsurveyandpassengertransport

plan

第一節鐵路旅客運輸的意義和特點

旅客運輸是整個鐵路運輸工作的重要組成部分，它的基本任務是：1、滿足廣大人民的旅行需要；2、安全、迅速、準確、便利地運送旅客和行李、包裹、郵件；3、保證旅客在旅行途中舒適愉快并獲得文化生活上的良好服務。

1.1Significanceandcharacteristicsofrailway

passengerorganizationPassengertransport

Passengertransportisanimportantpartofthewholerailwaytransportation,anditsbasictaskistoMeettheneedsofthepeople'stravel;Safe,rapid,accurateandconvenienttransportationforpassengers,luggage,parcels,andmail;Ensurethepassengerstohaveacomfortandpleasurejourneyandobtainthegoodserviceinculturallife.

第一節鐵路旅客運輸的意義和特點“八五”期間，我國鐵路客運量和客運周轉量分別增長了8.5％和35.7％，而同期鐵路貨運量和貨運周轉量分別增長8.9％和21.1％；客運列車密度增長16.4％，而同期貨運列車密度增長10.0％；繁忙區段旅客列車占用的通過能力已超過貨物列車，如京滬線的滬常段，客貨列車占用的通過能力之比為56.8:43.2；全路客運和貨運收入之比從1:2.45上升到1:1.77，部分鐵路局出現運輸收入客大于貨或客貨基本持平。這些情況表明，旅客運輸在鐵路運輸中的重要性正在增強，預計未來鐵路客運量和客運周轉量的增長幅度將大于貨運。因此，大力發展鐵路客運，是我國鐵路發展的客觀要求。

DuringtheperiodoftheEighthFive-YearPlan,railwaypassengervolumeandpassengerturnoverincreasedby8.5%and35.7%respectively,whilerailwayfreightvolumeandfreightturnoverincreasedby8.9%and21.1%respectively;passengertraindensityincreasedby16.4%,atthesameperiodfreighttraindensityincreased10.0%;busysection’spassengertrainoccupancycapacityhasexceededthegoodstrains,suchasHuchangsectionofBeijing-Shanghailine,passengerandfreighttrainoccupancycapacityratiowas56.8:43.2;thewholepassengerandfreightrevenueincreasedfrom1:2.45to1:1.77,passengertrains’transportrevenueofsomeRailwayBureausisgreaterthanthatofcargo.Theseindicatethattheimportanceofpassengertransportinrailtransportisincreasingandthatthegrowthinpassengertrafficisexpectedtooutpacefreightmovementsinthefuture.Therefore,thedevelopmentofrailwaypassengertransportisanobjectiverequirementforthedevelopmentofrailwaysinChina.1.1Significanceandcharacteristicsofrailway

passengerorganization

第一節鐵路旅客運輸的意義和特點

鐵路旅客運輸工作性質和組織原則與貨物運輸的區別：1、旅客運輸的主要服務對象是廣大旅客，其次是行李、包裹和郵件。2、旅客運輸需求的時空不均衡性。3、旅客列車的編組一般是固定的，其始發、終到站以及到、發和途中運行的時刻也是固定的。4、旅客車輛（包括餐車、行李車）一般都是按鐵路局固定配屬于各客運車輛段。

1.1Significanceandcharacteristicsofrailway

passengerorganizationThenatureandorganizationprincipleoftherailwaypassengertransportandthedifferencebetweenpassengerandfreighttransportation.①Themainserviceobjectofpassengertransportisthevastnumberofvisitors,followedbyluggage,parcelsandmail②Timeandspaceimbalanceofpassengertransportdemand③Thecompositionofthepassengertrainisgenerallyfixed,itsorigin,theendofthestation,thearrival,thedeparture,andtheruntimeisfixed.④

Passengervehicles(includingdiningcar,luggage)generallybelongtothepassengervehiclesegmentaccordingtotheRailwayBureau.

第一節鐵路旅客運輸的意義和特點5、旅客運輸計劃只有年度的客運量計劃和客運機車和客車車底的運用計劃，平時只依據節、假日客流調查資料所編制的重點節、假日計劃，來調整年度的客運量計劃和機車車輛運用計劃，6、客運站的位置要求緊靠城市，并且要與市內運輸及其他各種交通工具有密切的配合。7、選擇旅客列車的重量標準、速度和密度時，要進行綜合比較。

⑤Passengertransportplanonlyincludestheannualpassengertrafficplansandtheuseofpassengerlocomotivesandpassengercarplans.Atusualtime,itisonlyonthebasisoffestival,holidaytrafficsurveydatatoadjusttheannualpassengervolumeplanandlocomotiveandrollingstockutilizationplan.⑥Thelocationofthepassengerstationisclosetothecity,anditiscloselycombinedwiththecity'stransportationandotherkindsoftransportation.⑦Whenselectingtheweightstandard,speedanddensityofthepassengertrain,acomprehensivecomparisonismade.1.1Significanceandcharacteristicsofrailway

passengerorganization

第一節鐵路旅客運輸的意義和特點鐵路旅客運輸必須遵循的幾項原則：1、從國家整體利益出發，認真執行黨和國家的各種方針政策。2、保證旅客運輸安全。3、不斷提高旅客運輸服務質量。4、發揮鐵路的整體優勢，貫徹“保證重點，照顧一般”和“客貨兼顧”的方針。5、發展鐵路與各種交通工具的聯合運輸。1.1Significanceandcharacteristicsofrailway

passengerorganizationSeveralprinciplesmustbefollowedinrailwaypassengertransport:Startingfromtheoverallinterestsofthecountry,weshouldconscientiouslyimplementthepartyandthecountry'svariouspolicies.Ensurethesafetyofpassengertransport.ContinuouslyimprovethequalityofpassengertransportserviceToplaytheoveralladvantagesoftherailway,wemustcarryout"toensurethekey,takecareofgeneral"and"