學習好資料攻克英語語法、踏上英語學習成功之路作為中國人，要學習與我們的母語完全不同的英語，就必須從英語語法入手。如果將英語比作一座大廈，那么語法就是構成整個大廈的水泥框架，詞匯和短語則是沒有堅實的骨架，大廈是無法建成的。為了我們的英語大廈更加宏偉，讓我們從現在起精心什么是語法？語法就是造句的方法。學習語法就是為了我們能夠造出無數優美、正確的英語句子。學習英語語法的步驟：1.九大句子成分和六大基本句型結構；2.十六種時態及十種被動語態;3.名詞性從句（包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）;4.定語從句;5.狀語從句；6.直接引語和間接引語；7.情態動詞；8.虛擬語氣；9.非謂語動詞；10.強調句；11.主謂一致；12.省略句；13.冠詞、名詞、動詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞等的用法。更多精品文檔學習好資料下面我們一項一項進行學習：九大句子成分：主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語（賓語補足語）、同位語、呼語。（主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補、同、呼）1.主語：A.在主謂賓結構中，主語是謂語動詞動作的發出者；B.在主系表結構中，主語是系動詞之前的部分；C.在Therebe結構中，主語是系動詞be之后的部分。（由名詞、名詞短語、代詞、數詞、不定式、V-ing形式和主語從句充當）一個淘氣的孩子打碎了我的車窗。掌握英語是我今年的目標。練習彈鋼琴每天要花費我一個小時的時間。他昨天的所作所為令人生氣。Knowledgeispower.Abeautifulgirltoldmethenews.TomasterEnglishismygoalthisyear.Practicingplayingthepianotakesmeanhouraday.Whathedidyesterdaymadehisparentsangry.被動語態）更多精品文檔學習好資料一只黃鼠狼偷吃了我的大公雞。一個淘氣的孩子打碎了我的車窗。我買了本新版英語字典。他昨天抓住了一個小偷。Shekeepsacutemonkeyasherpet.Sheloveshim.Herefusedtohelp.IenjoylearningEnglish.補充知識：1）根據動詞在句中的功能，可分為四類：實意動詞(NotionalVerb):是具有實際動作意義的詞，可以直接跟賓語或加介詞后跟賓Iplayfootballeveryday.Iboughtabookyesterday.系動詞(LinkVerb):是連接主語和表語以及幫助實意動詞構成各種時態及疑問句、否定Thehousehasbeensoldbyitsowner.Mybikeisbeingrepairedbymyfathernow.更多精品文檔學習好資料助動詞(AuxiliaryVerb):是幫助實意動詞構成各種時態及疑問句、否定句的詞。有:do,does,did,have,has,had等。Shedidn’oherhomeworkyesterday.Ihavebeenateacherforfifteenyears.Hadyoufinishedyourhomeworkwhenyourmothergothomelastevening?情態動詞(ModalVerb):是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒，態度或語氣的動詞，但不能單獨作謂語，只能和其他動詞原形構成謂語、否定句及疑問句。有:can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would),hadbetter,wouldrather等。Youmustlearnitbyyourself.Iwouldratherstayathomethangotothecinema.Canyouswim?Shallwehaveapartythisweekend?說明：有些情況下，有些動詞是兼類詞，例如:Wearehavingameeting.（having是實義動詞）TheyhavegonetoNewY2）動詞根據其后是否帶有賓語，可分為兩類，分別是：及物動詞(TransitiveVerb):可以直接跟賓語的動詞；不及物動詞(IntransitiveVerb):加了介詞之后才能跟賓語的動詞。縮寫形式分別為vt.和vi.。Iliveinthisbedroom.不及物動詞(vi.)IstudyEnglishhard.及物動詞(vt.)3.賓語：在主謂賓結構中，謂語動詞動作的承受者。更多精品文檔學習好資料（由名詞、名詞短語、代詞、數詞、不定式、V-ing形式和賓語從句充當）一只黃鼠狼偷吃了我的大公雞。一個淘氣的孩子打碎了我的車窗。小紅贏了比賽。我買了本新版英語字典。我每天練習彈鋼琴。他昨天抓住了一個小偷。Shekeepsacutemonkeyasherpet.Sheloveshim.IenjoylearningEnglish.Iwanttoknowwhenyouwillleave賓語可分為四類：1）動作的承受者——動詞賓語：Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數詞）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.（the+adj.）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（賓語從句）2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞——介詞賓語：更多精品文檔學習好資料Areyouafraidofthesnake?3）雙賓語——間接賓語（指人或動物）和直接賓語（指物）：Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.ShetaughtmeEnglishforthreeyears.4)it作形式賓語：IfinditinterestingtolearnEnglish.ShemakesitaruletoreadEnglisheverymorning.4.表語：在主系表結構中，跟在系動詞之后對主語進行修飾說明的部分。（由名詞、名詞短語、代詞、數詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式、V-ing形式、過去分詞和表語從句充當）我的愛好是打羽毛球。我想知道的是他怎么英語那么好。Knowledgeispower.Sheisahard-workingstudent.Thepersonthatshewantstomarryishim.Myaimistogotoafamousuniversity.MyjobisteachingEnglishtoyoungchildren.Weareexcited.WhatIwanttoknowishowhecanlearnEnglishsowell.更多精品文檔學習好資料補充知識：1）狀態系動詞：用來表示主語的狀態，只有be,am,is,are,was,were,being,been等詞，例如：Wearestudents.Hehasbeenillforthreeyears.2）持續系動詞：用來表示主語繼續或保持一種狀況或態度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand等詞，例如：Healwayskeptsilentatmeetings.Thismatterrestsamystery.Thevillagestandsatthefootofthehill.JapanliestotheeastofChina.3）表像系動詞：用來表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有seem,appear,look等詞，例如：Heseems(tobe)verysa4）感官系動詞：感官系動詞主要有feel,smell,sound,taste等詞，例如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.這種布手感Thisflowersmellsverysweet.這朵花聞起來很香。5）變化系動詞：這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動詞主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run等詞，例如：Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.6）終止系動詞：表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove,turnout等詞，表達"證實"，"變成"之意，例如：更多精品文檔學習好資料Therumorprovedfalse.Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.注意：可帶名詞作表語的系動詞be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn等。注意：turn后接的單數名詞前多不用冠詞。7）系動詞無被動語態：appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn例如：Itsoundsgood.Thedishsmellsdelicious.5.定語：用來修飾或限定一個名詞的詞、短語或從句。（由名詞、冠詞、代詞、形容詞、不定式、V-ing形式、過去分詞和定語從句充當）一位男老師將教我們英語。我有很多事情要做。坐在那里的男孩是我的朋友。在事故中被壓死的狗是他的。他就是我昨天在公園見到的那個老外。我昨天丟的筆找到了。我想上的大學是北大。Amandoctorwilltakecareofyou.Thisgirlismybestfriend.Ihavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Theboystandingthereismybrother.Thedogkilledintheaccidentbelongedtomygrandpa.ThepenwhichIlostyesterdaywasgiventomeasabirthdaygiftbymy更多精品文檔學習好資料英語中的定語和漢語中的定語的最大差別在于它所處的位置，漢語中無論是詞、短語或句子作定語時，都放在被修飾詞之前，而英語中，只有單個的詞或復合形容詞作定語時才放在被修飾詞之前，其它情況全部放在被修飾詞之后。英語中的定語種類有十余種，下面我們分類學習：1）單個的名詞、形容詞、數詞、代詞、V-ing、P.P.及復合形容詞作定語，放在被amandoctorabeautifulgirlthreetoysthisbookboilingwaterthesleepingbabyboiledwaterawomanteacherfivepeoplethosepensanexcitinggameadancingcataboystudenteightelephantsaswimmingpooltheshoutingcrowdnineyearsyoursisterthecryinggirltheexcitedaudienceadisappointedmotherawarm-heartedwelcomeacold-bloodedkillerawhite-hairedwoman2)“什么地方的什么”=the+Nthepictureonthewallthebooksontheshelfthecatinthebox墻上的畫兒架子上的書盒子里的貓thebirdsinthetree樹上的鳥theholeinthewall墻上的洞thelampovermyhead我頭頂的燈thestudentsinourclass我們班的學生themanstandingtherethedogbarkingnowthegirlsingingonthestagetheboyswimmingintheriver站在那里的男子正在吠叫的狗正在舞臺上唱歌的女孩正在河里游泳的男孩更多精品文檔學習好資料thebridgebeingbuiltnow正在被建的橋themeetingbeingheldnow正在被召開的會議theboybeingpunishedbyourteacher正在被我們老師懲罰的學生themeetingtobeheldtomorrowmorning明早將要被召開的會議thestudenttobesenttoAmericabyourschool將被我們學校送往美國的學生theschooltobesetupinthevillage將被建在這個村子里的學校themankilledintheaccidentlastnight昨晚在事故中被壓死的人thebridgebuiltlastyear去年被建成的橋themeetingheldyesterday昨天被召開的會議themaninablackT-shirt穿著黑色T恤的男子thegirlinaredmini-skirt穿著紅色迷你裙的女孩themaninasuit穿著西服套裝的男子themaninblack穿著黑衣的人thegirlinred穿著紅色衣服的女孩thewomaninblue穿著藍色衣服的女士theboyingreen穿著綠色衣服的男孩9)副詞做定語一般后置=the+N+adv.thestudentshere這里的學生themanoverthere那邊的男子passengersaboard車（船、飛機）上的乘客10)形容詞（形容詞短語）做后置定語=the+N+adj.+LA+TAaroomlagreenoughtohold100people大到能容納100人的房間更多精品文檔學習好資料abasketfulloffruits裝滿水果的籃子aboycleverenoughtospeakthreelanguages聰明到會說三種語言的男孩birdsofafeatherthebottlesofthesameshape和她年齡相同的女孩相同羽毛的鳥相同形狀的瓶子agirlwithlonghair長發女孩aboywithbigeyes大眼睛的男孩Theteacherwho/thattaughtmeEnglishatthisschoollastyearThethiefwho/thatstolemywalletyesterdayThethiefwho/thatwascaughtbyapolicemanyesterdayThegirl(whom/that)ImetintheparkyesterdayTheoldman(whom/that)IhelpedyesterdayThedogwhich/thatbitmeintheparkyesterdayThehorsewhich/thatranawaylastweekThedogwhich/thatwaskilledintheaccidentyesterdayThebook(which/that)IboughtyesterdayThedog(which/that)IsawyesterdayThemanwhosesonisadoctorinthishospitalTheroomwhosedoorisgreenSuchpeopleasIgottoknowinAmericalastyearSuchbooksasIboughtyesterdayThesamebikeasIlostyesterday更多精品文檔學習好資料SocleveraboyasalltheteacherslikeTheN(時間)+(which/that)+S+V+LA+TA(先Theyear(which/that)IspentinAmericaTheN(時間)+when/介詞+which+S+V+O+LA(先行詞作狀語)Theyearwhen/inwhichIstudiedEnglishinAmericaTheN(地點)+(which/that)+S+V+TA(先Themuseum(which/that)IvisitedlastweekTheschool(which/that)wesetupinthevillageTheN(地點)+where/介詞+which+S+V+O+TA(先行詞作狀語)Thefactorywhere/inwhichmyfatherworksThefarmwhere/onwhichIworkedlastyearThereason(which/that)hetoldmeThereason+why/forwhich+Thereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn’tgotoschodstThereasonwhy/forwhichIpunishedyou6.狀語：說明謂語動詞動作所處的狀態（包括時間、地點、原因、比較、目的、結果、條（由副詞、介詞短語、不定式、V-ing形式、過去分詞和狀語從句充當）在一個寧靜的夜晚，他們誓血為盟。她哼著歌離開了教室。盡管在下雨，他們繼續工作。即使你給我買票，我也不會跟你去看電影。為了練習發音，我每天都模仿VOA。當從山頂看時，我們學校看起來很漂亮。更多精品文檔學習好資料Hestudiesinakeymiddleschool.TolearnEnglishwell,shetakeseverychancetopracticeheroralEnglish.Seeingfromthetopofthebuilding,youcanseethewholetown.Seenfromthetopofthebuilding,thetownlooksbeautiful.Iwashavingdinnerwhenhecametoseemelastevening.7.補語(賓語補足語)：跟在賓語之后對賓語進行補充說明的句子成分。（由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、V-ing形式、過去分詞）我們選他當班長。這場激烈的比賽令所有觀眾都很興奮。母親每天都讓我朗讀英語。他讓我們等了兩個小時。老師罰我下蹲兩百次。據預測美國民眾將再次選奧巴馬為總統。請讓我進去。Wewillmakehimmonitor.Thegoodnewsmadeushappy.MymothergetsmetoreadEnglisheverymorning.Hekeptmewaitingfortwohours.Thenewsthatourteamhadwonthematchmadeusexcited.8.同位語：表示同一主體的兩個不同的詞、短語或從句。（由名詞、名詞短語、同位語從句）我們學生應當努力學習。我最好的朋友小明將去美國留學。誰下學期將教我們英語的問題尚未得到答復。更多精品文檔學習好資料我們隊贏了比賽的消息讓我們興奮。眾所周知英語變得越來越重要的事實。我們明天要考試的消息已經公布了。我們可以怎樣進一步合作的問題將在會議上討論。Westudentsshouldstudyhard.Jack,afriendofmine,hasbeensentabroadtostudybyourschool.ThefactthatEnglishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantisknowntoeveryone.ThequestionwhowillteachusEnglishwillbeansweredtomorrow.1.主謂賓結構：表示主語做什么；主語+謂語+賓語+方式狀語+地點狀語+時間狀語.IreadEnglishintheclassroomeveryday.Sheplaysthepianoattentivelyathomeeveryevening.2.主系表結構：表示主語是什么、怎么樣、在哪里；Shewasverybeautifulwhenshewasinhertwenties.3.Therebe結構：表示什么地方有什么；更多精品文檔學習好資料Thereisabookonthedesknow.Therewasatreeintheyardtwoyearsago.4.主語+謂語+(狀語).S+V+（A）.Shesmiles.5.主語+謂語+直接賓語+介詞+間接賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語.=主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語.Sheboughtatieformelastweek.=Sheboughtmeatielastweek.MarygaveabooktoTomyesterday.=MarygaveTomabookyesterday.6.主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語+(狀語)。WemadeTommonitoryesterday.Thepainisdrivingmemad.MymothergetsmetoreadEnglisheveryday.Heshotthewolfdead.下面我們學習通過在基本句型中加入定語、各種狀語等的方式來造復雜的英文句子的方法。我們將其稱為：積木式造句法。1.主謂賓結構的句子擴充：Ahandsomeboymetabeautifulgirl.AhandsomeboywhowaswearingablackT-shirtmetabeautifulgirlthatwasdressedinaredmini-skirt.更多精品文檔學習好資料AhandsomeboywhowaswearingablackT-shirtmetabeautifulgirlthatwasdressedinaredminiskirtintheparkyesterday.2.主系表結構的句子擴充：Themanismyteacher.ThehandsomemanismyEnglishteacher.ThehandsomemanwhoisstandingtheretalkingwithmymotherismyEnglishteacherthathasbeenteachingmeathishomeforthreeyears.3.Therebe結構的句子擴充：Thereisabookonthedesk.ThereisanEnglishbookonthedesk.ThereisanEnglishbookonChinesehistory,whichwaswrittenbyafamousBritishhistorian,onthedeskthatstandsnearthewindow.通過這種造句方法我們可以造出大量語法正確、意思清楚地句子，為我們的英語寫作打下堅時態的概念：時態用來說明一個動作發生地時間或多個動作發生的時間順序及所處的狀態。時態分為16種主動語態和10種被動語態。主動語態是以動作的發出者作主語的句子；被動語態是以動作的承受著作主語的句子。下面我們分開進行學習：16種時態總表及10種被動語態總表更多精品文檔學習好資料注：加粗的10種時態具有被動語態，其余6種則沒有。十六種時態的主動語態：1.一般現在時：以下三種情況使用一般現在時：1.經常發生的動作；2.習慣性的動①主謂賓結構的句子：a.陳述句肯定句：表示主語經常或習慣于做什么。Sheplaysthepianoattentivelyathomeeveryday.WereadEnglisheveryday.b.陳述句否定式：表示主語經常或習慣于不做什么。Idon’tbelieveyou.Wedon’tlikeplayingfootball.Tomdoesn’tspeakChinese.Heoftencomestoseeme.Wesometimesstayuplate.Myfatherisalwaysbusy.d.一般疑問句式：表示主語經常或習慣于做什么嗎。更多精品文檔學習好資料Doyouhavelunchathomeeveryday?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Doessheplaythepianoatschooleveryday?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.e.選擇疑問句式：表示主語經常或習慣于做A還是是做B。Doyouliketeaorcoffee?Doesyourfriendplayfootballorbasketball?Doyougotoworkbybusorf.反義疑問句式：HecomesfromNorway,doesn’the?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.YoulikeEnglishbest,don’tyou?.Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Yourfatherdoesn’tsmoke,doeshe?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Hedoesn’tspeakEnglish,doeshe?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.g.特殊疑問句式：提問主語在什么時間、地點、原因、方式等做什么。Whatdoessheplayatschooleveryday?Wheredoyouhaveluncheveryday?h.否定疑問句：（難道）…不…嗎？更多精品文檔學習好資料Isn’tthatyourgirlfriend?Aren’tyoubusytoday?Whydon’tyoutellhimthetruth?Whyisn’tthereabridgeovertheriver?i.習慣了……S+be/get/become+usedto(doing)+O+LA+TA.S+be/get/become+accustomedto(doing)+O+LA+TA.Hebecomesusedtoloneliness.Heisaccustomedtogettingupearly.j.祈使句句式：Openthedoor,please.Don’ttellyourmotherIdrankbeerjustnow,please.k.祈使句的反義疑問句式：Letus+V+O+LA+TA,willyou?Gotothecinemawithmethisevening,will/won’tyou?Don’topenthedoor,willyou?Let’sgotothecinema,shallwe?Letushelpthem,willyou?②主系表結構的句子：a.陳述句肯定句式：表示主語現在或當前是什么、怎么樣、在哪里。Theyareintelligent.b.陳述句否定句式：表示主語現在或當前不是什么、不怎么樣、不在哪里。更多精品文檔學習好資料Theyaren’tintheclassroomnow.c.一般疑問句式：提問主語現在或當前是什么、怎么樣、在哪里嗎。Issheastudent?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Aretheyintelligent?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.d.選擇疑問句式：Isyourfatherateacheroradoctor?AreyourfriendsfromAmericaorEngland?e.反義疑問句式：Youareastudent,aren’tyou?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Iamagoodboy,aren’tI?Yes,youare./No,youarenot.f.特殊疑問句式：提問主語現在或當前是什么、怎么樣、在哪里嗎Wh-/How+is/are/am+S+P+LA+TA?(提問哪部分就去掉哪部分)Whatisshe?Howarethey?g.祈使句句式：Becarefulnexttime,please.Don’tbelateagain,pleah.祈使句的反義疑問句式：Bemorecarefulnexttime,will/won’tyou?更多精品文檔學習好資料Don’tbeangry,willyou?③Therebe結構的句子：表示現在或當前什么地方有什么。a.陳述句肯定句式：Thereisabookonthedesk.Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.b.陳述句否定句式：Thereisnotanywaterintheglass.Therearen’tanystudentsintheclassroom.c.反義疑問句式：Thereis/are+not+any+S+LA,is/Therearetwotigersinthezoo,aren’tthere?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.Thereisn’tanywaterinthecup,isthere?d.一般疑問句式：Isthereanappletreeinyouryard?Yes,thereis.Arethereanyforeignstudentsinyourclass?No,therearen’t.e.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+is/are+there+S+LA?Whatisthereonthedesk?Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?2.一般過去時：1.表示主語過去經常做什么或習慣于做什么；2.表示過去某一時間發生某事；3.表示主語過去是什么、怎么樣、在哪里；更多精品文檔學習好資料4.表示過去什么地方有什么。①主謂賓結構的句子：表示在過去的某個時間主語做過什么或某事發生過。a.陳述句式的肯定句：Thehunterkilledawolfintheforestlastnight.Iwenttothecinemalastevening.b.陳述句否定句式：Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterday.Wedidn’tplayfootballatschoolyesterdayafternoon.c.一般疑問句式：Didyouseehimintheparkyesterdayafternoon?Didhetellyouthenewsthatwewillhaveathree-dayhweek?d.選擇疑問句式：Didyourfriendsplayfootballorbasketballyesterdayafternoon?Didyougotoschoolbybusorbybikethismorning?e.反義疑問句式：Youplayedfootballyesterdayafternoon,didn’tyou?Yes,wedid./No,wedidn’t.Youdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday,didyou?更多精品文檔學習好資料f.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+did+S+V+O+LA+TA?(提問哪部分就去掉哪部)Who+V-ed+O+LA+TA?（提問主語時）Whoplayedfootballyesterday?WhatdidyoudolastSunday?Wheredidyougolastevening?HowdidyougotoXi’anyesterday?g.否定疑問句難道）…不…嗎？Wasn’tthatyourgirlfriendonthebusjustnow?Weren’tyoubusyyesterday?Didn’tyouknowthatTomhadstolenyourwatch?Whydidn’tyoutellhimthetruththen?Whywasn’tthereabridgeovertherivertwoyearsago?②主系表結構的句子：表示主語過去是什么、怎么樣、在哪里。a.陳述句肯定式：Hewasateacherinthisschooltwoyearsago.Shewasverybeautifulwhenshewasinhertwenties.b.陳述句否定式：Tomwasn’tapolicemantwoyearsago.Weweren’tathomelastevening.Shewasn’tbeautifulwhenshewasyoung.c.一般疑問句式：更多精品文檔學習好資料Wassheaworkertwoyearsago?Washeveryhandsomewhenhewasyoung?d.選擇疑問句式：S+was/were+P1./S+was/were+P2.Wasyourfatherateacheroradoctorinthepast?WereyourfriendsinAmericaorEnglandlastyear?d.反義疑問句式：YouwereinXi’anyesterday,weren’tyou?Hewasagoodboyinthepe.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+was/were+S+P+LA+TA?(提問哪部分就去掉哪部分)Whatwashetwoyearsago?Wherewereyoulastmonth?③Therebe結構的句式：表示過去什么地方有什么。a.陳述句肯定式：Therewas/were+S+LA+TA.Therewasatreeinmyyardtwoyearsago.Therewerewolvesintheforestinthepast.b.陳述句否定句式：Therewas/were+not+S+LA+TA.Therewasn’taschoolinthisvillagetenyearsago.Thereweren’tanystudentsintheclassroomjustnow.c.一般疑問句式：Was/Were+there+S+LA+TA?更多精品文檔學習好資料Wasthereatempleonthetopofthemountainyearsago?Weretheremonkeysintheparkinthepast?d.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+was/were+there+S+LA+TA?Whatwasthereinmyyardtwoyearsago?Whereweretheremonkeysinthepast?e.反義疑問句式：Therewas/were+not+any+S+LA,was/were+there?Thereweretwotreesinyourgardeninthepast,weren’tthere?Yes,therewere./No,thereweren’t.Therewasn’tanymoneyinyourpocket,wasthere?Yes,therewas./No,therewasn’t.3.一般將來時：①主謂賓結構的句子：表示主語在將來的某個時間將要做什么。A.表示按照計劃將做某事：a.陳述句肯定句式：S+am/is/are+goingto+V+Iamgoingtovisitmyteacheratherhometomorrow.SheisgoingtostudyinAmericanextyear.b.陳述句否定句式：Wearenotgoingtoplayfootballthisafternoon.Sheisn’tgoingtostudyinAmericanextyear.c.一般疑問句式：更多精品文檔學習好資料Areyougoingtohelpustomorrow?Isshegoingtomarryherboyfriendnextmonth?d.選擇疑問句式：Am/Is/Are+S+goingto+V+Areyougoingtoplayfootballorbasketballatschoolthisafternoon?AreyougoingtogotoBeijingbyplaneorbytrainnextmonth?e.反義疑問句式：S+am/is/are+goingto+V+O+LA+TA,Youaregoingtobuyadictionarythisafternoon,aren’tyou?f.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+is/are/am+S+goingto+V+O+LAWhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?WhoisgoingtomarryheB.表示臨時決定做某事：a.陳述句肯定句式：Ishallcallhernow.Theywillleavesoon.b.陳述句否定句式：Weshallnothaveapartythisevening.Iwillnotgotothecinemawithherthisevening.c.一般疑問句式：更多精品文檔學習好資料Willtheygototheparkthisafternoon?Willyouhelpcarrythebox?d.選擇疑問句式：Shallweplayfootballorbasketballatschoolthisafternoon?WillyougotoXi’anbybusorbycartomorrowmorning?e.反義疑問句式：Weshallcleantheclassroomafterclass,shan’twe?Yes,weshall./No,weshan’t.TomwillgotoTibettomorrow,woYes,hewill./No,shewon’t.f.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+shall/will+S+V+O+LA+TA?(提問哪部分就去掉哪部)Whowillcleantheclassroomthisafternoon?Whenwillyougotoseehim?C.表示按照時間表或安排很快就要發生的事情：a.陳述句肯定式：Theplaneistotakeoffsoon.Themeetingistostartat2:30.b.陳述句否定式：ThetrainisnottoleaveinfiveThepartyisnottostartsoon.c.一般疑問句式：更多精品文檔學習好資料Isthefilmtobeginsoon?Isthetraintoleaveinfiveminutes?d.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+am/is/are+S+to+V+Whenisthetraintoleave?Whoistoseeusoffatthestation?D.表示即將很快發生的動作：a.陳述句式：Sheisabouttogiveaspeechtous.E.具有方向性的動詞可以用現在進行時表示將來時：a.陳述句式：Theyareleaving.②主系表結構的句子：表示主語將來將會是什么、怎么樣、在哪里。a.陳述句的肯定句式：Mymotherwillbeverybusytomorrow.b.陳述句的否定句式：Mybrotherisnotgoingtobeapolicemanaftergraduation.更多精品文檔學習好資料Iwon’tbeathometomorrowmorning.c.一般疑問句式：Areyougoingtobeateacherinthefuture?Willyoubeathometomorrowevening?d.選擇疑問句式：Areyougoingtobeateacherorabusinessmaninthefuture?WillyoubeinXi’anorinYanliangtomorrow?e.反義疑問句式：S+am/is/are+not+goingYouaregoingtobeateacherinthefuture,aren’tyou?Sheisnotgoingtobeanurseaftergraduation,isshe?Youwon’tbeathometomorrowevening,willyou?f.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+am/is/are+S+goingtobe+P+LA+TWhatareyougoingtobeinthefuture?Whereisyourmothergoingtobetomorrow?更多精品文檔學習好資料Whenwillyoubeatofficetomorrow?WhywillyoubeinXi’antomorrow?③Therebe結構的句式：表示將來什么地方將會有什么。a.陳述句的肯定句式：Thereis/aregoingtobe+S+LA+Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchatourschooltomorrowafternoon.Therewillbeaheavyrainthisevening.b.陳述句的否定句式：Thereisn’tgoingtobeabasketballmatchatourschooltomorrow.Therewon’tbeanystudentsintheclassroomthisevening.c.反義疑問句式：Thereis/are+not+goingtobe+S+LA+TA,is/arTherewill+not+be+S+LA+TA,willThereisgoingtobeameetingthisafternoon,isn’tthere?Therewillbeatesttomorrowmorning,won’tthere?Thereisn’tgoingtobeanexcitingmovieonTVthisevening,isthere?Therewon’tbeanystudentsintheclassroomthisafternoon,willthere?d.一般疑問句式：Is/Are+theregoingtobeAretheregoingtobemanypeopleatyourpartythisevening?更多精品文檔學習好資料WilltherebeanAmericanteacheratyourschoolnextterm?e.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+is/are+thereis/aregoingtobe+S+LA+TA?Howmanyforeignteachersaretheregoingtobeinyourschoolnextyear?Howmanypeoplewilltherebeatyourpartythisevening?4.過去將來時：①主謂賓結構的句子：表示從過去某個時間來看將來某個時間主語將做某事。通常作賓語從句或構成間接引語。a.陳述句的肯定句式：S1+V-ed+(O)+(that)+S2+was/weregoingIneverthought(that)youwouldbringmeagiftformybirthday.Hetoldme(that)hewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.b.陳述句的否定句式：S1+V-ed+(O)+(that)+S2+was/werenTA.+TA.c.一般疑問句式：S1+V-ed+(O)+whether/if+S2+would+V+O+LA+TA.S1+V-ed+(O)+whether/if+S2+was/weregoingto+V+O+LA+TA.Sheasked(me)whether/ifIwouldtakepartinherweddingonthatSunday.Hewantedtoknowwhether/ifwewouldhaveapartythatnight.d.特殊疑問句式：更多精品文檔學習好資料S1+V-ed+(O)+wh-S1+V-ed+(O)+wh-/how+S2+was/weregoingto+V+O+LA+TA.Heasked(ourheadteacher)whowouldteachusEnglishthenextterm.Iasked(her)howshewouldgototheUSA.②主系表結構的句子：表示從過某個時間來看將來某個時間主語將是什么、怎么樣、在哪里。通常作賓語從句或構成間接引語。a.陳述句的肯定句式：S1+V-ed+(O)+(thatIneverthoughtthatIwouldbeateacherwhenIgrewup.HetoldmethathewouldbeinNewYorkthenextmontb.陳述句的否定句式：TA.LA+TA.Hesaidthathewouldnotbeathomethenextday.Ihadthoughtthathewouldn’eathomewhenIwenttoseehim.c.一般疑問句式：S1+V-ed+(O)+whether/if+S2+S1+V-ed+(O)+whether/if+S2+was/weregoingto+be+P+LA+TA.Sheasked(me)whetherIwouldbeadoctoraftergraduation.Hewantedtoknowwhetherwewouldbeathomethatevening.d.特殊疑問句式：S1+V-ed+(O)+wh-/how+S2+was/weregoin更多精品文檔學習好資料Heasked(me)whowouldbeourEnglishteacherthenextterm.Iasked(her)whereshewouldbethatevening.③Therebe結構的句子：表示從過某個時間來看將來某個時間什么地方將會有什么。通常作賓語從句或構成間接引語。a.陳述句的肯定句式：S+V-ed+(O)+(that)+there+was/weregoingtobe+S+LA+TA.HetoldmethattherewouldbeafootballmatchonTVthatevening.Ineverthoughtthattherewouldbesomanypeopleatherparty.b.陳述句的否定句式：S+V-ed+(O)+(that)+there+was/werenotgoingtobe+S+LA+TA.Hesaid(that)therewouldnotbeamovieonTVthatevening.c.一般疑問句式：S+V-ed+(O)+whether/if+therewas/weregoingtobe+S+LA+TA.S+V-ed+(O)+whether/if+there+would+be+S+LA+TA.Sheasked(me)whether/iftherewouldbeafootballmatchatourschoolthatafternoon.Hewantedtoknowwhether/iftherewouldbeastormthatevening.d.特殊疑問句式：S+V-ed+(O)+wh-/how+therewas/weregoingtobe+S+LA+TA.S+V-ed+(O)+wh-/how+there+wHeasked(me)howmanypeopletherewouldbeatourEnglishpartythatevening.Iasked(her)howmanyAmericanstudentstherewouldbeinherclass更多精品文檔學習好資料thenextterm.5.現在進行時：表示此時此刻或當前一段時間主語正在做某事或某事正在發生。a.陳述句的肯定式：Theyareplayingbasketballhappilyontheplaygroundnow.MyparentsarewatchingTVinthelivingroomnow.b.陳述句的否定式：TheyarenotlearningEnglishintheclassroomnow.c.反義疑問句式：YourparentsarewatchingTVinthelivingroom,aren’tthey?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.Youarenotlearninginyourstudynow,areyou/d.一般疑問句式：AretheylearningEnglishintheclassroomnow?e.選擇疑問句式：Aretheyplayingfootballorbasketballontheplaygroundnow?AreyoulearningEnglishorwatchingTVathomenow?f.特殊疑問句式：Wh-/How+is/are/am+S+V-Whoissinginginthe更多精品文檔學習好資料Wherearetheyplayingfootballnow?g.否定疑問句式：Whyaren’tyousleepingnow?Whyisn’tshelearningEnglishinhe6.過去進行時：表示在過去的某個時間主語正在做某事或某事正在發生。常用的時間狀語有：atthistimeyesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening;atthistimelastweek/month/year;atthattime;atnineo’clockyesterdayfromJunetoAugustlastyear;a.陳述句的肯定句式：IwaswatchingTVatthistimelastevening.TheywerelearningEnglishwhenIwenttoseethem.b.陳述句的否定式：IwasnotwatchingTVathomeatnineo’clocklastevening.TheywerenotlearningEnglishintheclassroomwhenIwenttoseethem.c.反義疑問句式：Yourmotherwascookingsupperwhenyougothome,weren’tshe?Yes,shewas./No,shewasn’t.Youwerenot