考點1謂語動詞(一)過考點基礎(chǔ)小題輕松快攻訓(xùn)練計劃:時態(tài)5個,語態(tài)1個,時態(tài)和主謂一致5個,時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致4個,構(gòu)詞規(guī)律1個1ThediscoveryofthehardsurfacesuggeststhattheplainonMars

(have)activewatercirclesmillionsofyearsago.

2ItwasthefirsttimethatI

(come)acrosssuchadifficultmathproblem.

3Undoubtedly,thisbookismyfavoriteoneamongthebooksthatI

(read)sofar.

4Ginashared,"Iwillridemyoldbikeandcarrymyluggage,which

(weigh)over30kg."

5Fourclassicalplays,includingThe

Peony

Pavilion,

(update)andrestoredinthepastfewyears.6Yoursocialmediaaccountmight

(close)bythecompanyifyouhaven'tloggedinformorethansixmonths.

7It'ssaidthat,tosavetimeforcontrollingfloods,Dayu,agreatrulerinancientChina,

(eat)hotfoodwithsticks.

8Thecompanyplansto

(strength)itspositionastheleaderindigitaltechnologybydevelopingnewproducts.

9Researcherssupposethataboutfourdecadesagoseverebleaching(白化)

(occur)roughlyevery25years,givingthecoraltimetorecover.

10ProjectHope,which

(found)bytheChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundationin1989,isdevotedtohelpingpoorchildrengeteducation.

11Bytheendof2020,Ningxia

(grow)over510,000hectaresofforest,increasingtheforestcoverageratefrom8.4percentin2000to15.8percent.

12Chabaixi,anancientChineseteatrick,hadbeenlistedaspartofChina'sIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))beforethetechnique

(display)inahitTVdrama.

13Yethowthewaterlily'sleavesareabletogrowaslargeas10feetacross,strongenoughtosupporttheweightofasmallchild,

(remain)amysterytillnow.

14Human-wildlifeconflict,referringtodirectinteractionsbetweenhumansandwildlifewithnegativeoutcomes,

(cost)theglobaleconomybillionsofdollarsannually.

15AnewTVserieswhichreflectsthechangeofthehouseholdandlifestyleinhutongsduringthepastsevendecades

(broadcast)onCCTV-8andstreamedviaMangoTVandTencentVideosinceSeptember25.

16TheMuUsDesert

(stretch)about42,200squarekilometresbetweenShaanXiandInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,lyingnorthoftheGreatWall.InMongolian,"MuUs"meansbarrenlandwherenothingcangrow.

【解析】1.had時態(tài)此句中suggests表示"暗示,表明",后面的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣,又根據(jù)從句中的"millionsofyearsago"可知,從句描述的事情發(fā)生在過去,應(yīng)用一般過去時。【拓展】后跟賓語從句時用虛擬語氣的動詞有:一堅持(insist),二命令(order,command)、四建議(suggest,advise,propose,recommend),五要求(demand,request,require,ask,urge)。2.hadcome時態(tài)此處是固定句式"Itwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddonesth.",故空處應(yīng)用過去完成時。3.haveread時態(tài)和主謂一致空處在that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中作謂語,根據(jù)時間狀語sofar可知,空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,且從句主語為I,故填haveread。

【知識拓展】

一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的用法區(qū)別一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時是兩種特別容易混淆的時態(tài),也是高考考查的重點和難點,它們的用法區(qū)別如下:一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常與yesterday,theotherday,justnow等連用;現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在造成影響或表示從過去某個時間開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能延續(xù)下去的動作,常與"since+時間點""for+時間段"以及sofar,uptonow,in/during/overthepast/lastfewdays等連用。注意以下固定句式:①Itistimethatsb.didsth.是某人做某事的時候了。②Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since從句(從句常用一般過去時)自……以來已經(jīng)有多長時間了。③It/Thisisthefirst/second/third/...timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.這是某人第一/第二/第三/……次做某事。4.weighs時態(tài)和主謂一致

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在定語從句中作謂語,此處描述的是客觀事實,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時;which在從句中作主語,先行詞為luggage,從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填weighs。weigh在此作系動詞,意為"有……重"。【易錯】部分考生因?qū)eigh的用法掌握不牢而錯填isweighed,或受shared干擾錯填weighed。5.havebeenupdated時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致根據(jù)時間狀語inthepastfewyears可知,空處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子主語Fourclassicalplays為復(fù)數(shù)形式,且和update之間為被動關(guān)系。故填havebeenupdated。6.beclosed語態(tài)

語境表示"你的社交媒體賬戶可能會被公司關(guān)閉",故空處應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài),且might為情態(tài)動詞,故填beclosed。【拓展】含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為"情態(tài)動詞+bedone"。7.ate時態(tài)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處所填詞作從句的謂語,空處所表示動作發(fā)生在過去,此處應(yīng)使用一般過去時,故填ate。【警示】eat的過去式、過去分詞分別為ate,eaten。8.strengthen動詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律

plantodosth.為固定用法,空處應(yīng)用動詞形式,故填strengthen。9.occurred時態(tài)空處在that引導(dǎo)的從句中作謂語,根據(jù)時間狀語"aboutfourdecadesago"可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。【積累】occur變過去式/過去分詞時要雙寫r再加-ed,變形規(guī)則類似的單詞還有star,refer,stir等。10.wasfounded時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致在which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,空處作謂語,由時間狀語in1989可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時;which指代先行詞ProjectHope,與found之間為被動關(guān)系,此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài);主句主語ProjectHope為專有名詞單數(shù)形式,空處也用單數(shù)形式。故填wasfounded。【易混】find(發(fā)現(xiàn),找到)的過去式和過去分詞均為found;found(創(chuàng)辦,建立)的過去式和過去分詞均為founded。11.hadgrown時態(tài)截至2020年底,寧夏已經(jīng)造林超51萬公頃,森林覆蓋率從2000年的8.4%提高到15.8%。根據(jù)時間狀語Bytheendof2020可知,該句應(yīng)使用過去完成時,故填hadgrown。【知識拓展】

過去完成時用法小結(jié)(1)表示"過去的過去",常見的時間狀語有:"by+過去的時間點""bytheendof+過去的時間點""before+過去的時間點"等。(2)常用于一些固定句式中,如"hardly/scarcely...when...""nosooner...than...""It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...timethatsb.haddonesth."。(3)在虛擬條件句中,表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè),從句用過去完成時。12.wasdisplayed時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致

before是連詞,before前的句子為過去完成時,那么before后的句子要用一般過去時;thetechnique和display之間是被動關(guān)系;thetechnique為第三人稱單數(shù),從句謂語用單數(shù)形式。故填wasdisplayed。13.hasremained時態(tài)和主謂一致

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"how...smallchild"為主語從句,空處作主句的謂語,應(yīng)用單數(shù);根據(jù)時間狀語tillnow可知,空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填hasremained。14.costs時態(tài)和主謂一致人與野生動物的沖突,指的是人類與野生動物之間產(chǎn)生負(fù)面后果的直接互動,每年給全球經(jīng)濟造成數(shù)十億美元的損失。空處為句子的謂語,根據(jù)語境和annually可知,此處描述客觀事實,用一般現(xiàn)在時,又因主語是單數(shù)名詞,所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。15.hasbeenbroadcast時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致一部反映過去70年里胡同家庭和生活方式變化的新電視劇自9月25日起在CCTV-8播出,并通過芒果TV和騰訊視頻播放。句式分析為:AnewTVseries為主語,"whichreflectsthe...pastsevendecades"為定語從句,"

(broadcast)"和streamed為并列謂語,由and連接,"viaMangoTVandTencentVideo"為方式狀語,"sinceSeptember25"為時間狀語。由上述分析可知,空處為主句謂語,根據(jù)sinceSeptember25可知,空處用現(xiàn)在完成時,AnewTVseries與broadcast之間為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài),且主語為單數(shù)形式,空處也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。16.stretches時態(tài)和主謂一致根據(jù)句意和常識可知,該句描述的是客觀情況,空處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,且主語TheMuUsDesert為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,故填stretches。過應(yīng)用語法填空應(yīng)用提高Cloze

1話題:深圳首家咖啡主題的郵局主題語境:人與社會詞數(shù):約200

難度:★★★☆☆

[2023福建廈門二檢]Shenzhen'sfirstcoffee-themedpostofficeopenedattheScienceandTechnologyParkinNanshanDistrict.Thepostalservicehallisnolongera1

(tradition)one,providinganewscene2

citizenscansocializeandexperiencepostalculture.Postalelementscanbeseeneverywhere,withstamps,postcardsandcakesintheshapesofmailboxes,mailcartsandanold-stylepostmanbicycle3___________(exhibit).

ChinaPosthasbeentryingnewbusinessopportunitiesinrecentyears.4

February2022,thecountry'sfirstcoffee-themedpostofficeopenedinXiamenandquicklybecameahotsearchtopiconmultiplesocialplatforms.Atleast14suchshops?5

(set)upnationwidesofar.In2022,ChinaPostandridehailingcompanyDidiChuxing6

(joint)launchedofflineactivitiessuchas"TakeDiditocoffee-themedpostoffices,"7

carriedoutabookcirculation(流通)planwithOALTY,anoatmilkcompanyfromSweden.ChinaPostalsointroducedmodeslike"tea+coffee"and"daycoffee+nightwine"8 ___

(attract)moreyoungconsumers.

ChinaPost?9

(have)itsuniqueadvantagesindevelopingcoffeeshops:publicdatashowsthatbytheendof2020,therewere54,000postalofficesand43,00010

(deliver)serviceoutlets(網(wǎng)點)inChina.Itaimstoopen100suchthemedstoresnationwide.

【解析】

深圳首家咖啡主題的郵局開業(yè)了。中國郵政最近幾年一直嘗試新的商業(yè)機遇,以吸引更多的年輕消費者。1.traditional形容詞代詞one代指主語Thepostalservicehall,空處作定語,修飾one,應(yīng)用形容詞形式,表示"傳統(tǒng)的",故填traditional。2.where定語從句郵政服務(wù)大廳不再是傳統(tǒng)的郵政服務(wù)大廳,它為市民提供了一個社交和體驗郵政文化的新場景。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞scene,并在定語從句中作地點狀語,故填where。此處的where相當(dāng)于inwhich。3.exhibited過去分詞郵政元素隨處可見,郵票、明信片,信筒、郵車、老式郵差自行車形狀的蛋糕都被展示出來。此處為"with+賓語+賓補"結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)語境,動詞exhibit與賓語之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,此處表示完成和被動,故填過去分詞exhibited。4.In介詞

2022年2月,全國首家咖啡主題郵局在廈門開業(yè),并迅速成為多個社交平臺的熱搜話題。月份前用介詞in。注意首字母要大寫。故填I(lǐng)n。5.havebeenset時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致根據(jù)時間狀語sofar可知,空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時;主語shops為復(fù)數(shù),且與動詞短語setup之間為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填havebeenset。6.jointly副詞空處修飾動詞launched,應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填jointly。7.and連詞空處連接兩個并列的謂語launched和carriedout,所以用并列連詞and。8.toattract動詞不定式中國郵政還推出了"茶咖"和"白咖夜酒"等模式,以吸引更多的年輕消費者。根據(jù)語境,空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語,故填toattract。9.has時態(tài)和主謂一致中國郵政在發(fā)展咖啡店方面有其獨特的優(yōu)勢:公開數(shù)據(jù)顯示,截至2020年底,中國共有5.4萬家郵局和4.3萬個遞送服務(wù)網(wǎng)點。此處陳述的是客觀事實,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,且主語ChinaPost為專有名詞單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。故填has。10.delivery名詞參見上題解析。deliveryservice表示"遞送服務(wù)",故填delivery。Cloze

2話題:中國傳統(tǒng)制茶技藝主題語境:人與社會詞數(shù):約185

難度:★★★★☆

[2023安徽安慶示范高中聯(lián)考]Itisover4,000yearssincetheChinesebegantogrowanddrinktea.Traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociated1

(society)practicesinChinawassuccessfullyaddedtoUNESCO'sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityonNovember29th,2022.Thelist?2

(recognize)theknowledge,skillsaswellaspracticeswithregard3

themanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeavesandsoon.

Becauseofchangesthatoccurredovertea's4

(extreme)longhistory,thetea-makingprocesshasbecomesocomplicatedtoday5

teamakersfacenumerouschallengesduringtheprocess,dozesofevensmallersteps6

(include).Itusuallytakesabouthalfamonthtocompletethebeginningprocessesandatleastawholemonthonly7

(dry)thetea.

Thesuccessfulapplication,withwhichthisculturalheritage?8

(make)morevisibletothepublicfromnowon,canfurtherhelpimprovetea'sinternationalinfluenceandhelpinbetterprotecting9___________handingdownthetechniquestogetherwithassociatedteaculture.Itwillhelppromoterespectforculturaldiversityand