地理第2頁（共5頁）2024年高考考前押題密卷（廣東山東卷）（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內相應位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節,滿分50分)第一節(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（原創試題）題源：Adaptedfrom:EAbouttheAdventureTakeonanexcitingjourneythroughtheAyungRiver,thelongestraftingrouteinBali,offeringanunforgettablewhite-waterraftingexperience!WithrapidsrangingfromlevelIItoIII,youradventurewillspanapproximately2hoursofheart-poundingexcitement.Ledbyourknowledgeableandfriendlyraftguides,you'llnavigatetheriversafelywhileimmersingyourselfinBali'sstunningnaturalbeauty.Gainuniqueinsightsintotherainforestasyoutacklethrillingrapidsandcreatelastingmemoriesalongtheway.PackagesPriceAyungRiverRaftingOwnTransportIDR350/PersonAyungRiverRaftingGroupof2,includingReturnHotelTransferIDR550/PersonAyungRiverRaftingGroupof3–4,includingReturnHotelTransferIDR485/PersonAyungRiverRaftingGroupof5+,includingReturnHotelTransferIDR430/PersonTipsDress:Werecommendwearingshortpantsoraswimsuitforcomfortduringtheraftingadventure.Don'tforgettobringachangeofclothesforafterthetrip.SunProtection:Applysunscreengenerouslytoprotectyourskinfromthetropicalsun.Footwear:Bepreparedforsomewalkingwithsturdyshoes,especiallyatthebeginningandendofthetourwheresteeproadsareencountered.Sustainability:Helpreduceplasticwastebybringingyourownplasticbagsforwetclothes.Whilesingle-useraincoatsareavailable,bringingyourownisencouragedtominimizeplasticusage.ExtraFunds:CarrysomeextracashforpurchasingdrinksandsouvenirstocommemorateyourAyungRiverraftingexperience.Don'tmissoutonthisunforgettableadventurethatcombinesthebeautyofBali'snaturallandscapeswiththeexcitementofwhite-waterraftingontheAyungRiver!1.WhatisthedurationoftheAyungRiverraftingadventurementionedinthepassage?A)Approximately1hourB)About2hoursC)Around3hoursD)Over4hours2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisrecommendedattireforparticipantsoftheAyungRiverraftingtrip?A)LongpantsandasweaterB)SwimsuitorshortpantsC)FormalclothesD)Winterjacketandboots3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsustainabilitypracticesduringtheAyungRiverraftingadventureisNOTtrue?A)Participantsareencouragedtobringtheirownplasticbagsforwetclothes.B)Single-useraincoatsareavailableincaseofrain.C)Bringingyourownraincoatisrecommendedtoreduceplasticusage.D)Plasticbagsforwetclothesareprovidedbythetourcompany.BGrowingupontheshoresofLakeHuronintheCanadianprovinceofOntario,RobertBerdanwasneverfarfromwater.Whenhewasinsixthgrade,hereceivedatoymicroscopeforChristmas.Someofthefirstthingshesawthroughitslensweretinycreaturesinsidedropletshe’dgatheredfromalocalpond.Hewasfascinatedwiththemicroorganisms.Aftereighthgrade,Berdanupgradedtoamoresophisticatedmodelandrealizeditwasaportaltoanotherworld.“Thenewmicroscopechangedmylife,”hesays.“Icouldseesomuchmore.”Hebegarstudyingphotographyandbuyingcamerastofitonhismicroscope.Hecapturedimagesofferns,mushrooms,andtrees,andlearnedhowtodevelopfilm.HealsodevelopedhismicroscopyskillssomuchsothatheearnedadoctoraldegreeincellularbiologyandspentfiveyearsrunningalabattheUniversityofAlbertainEdmonton.ButBerdanneverforgothistwoearlypassions-beingimmersedinnatureandphotographingitstinydetails-andhedecidedtoreturntothem.Hissubjectsrangefromsnowflakestosprucetrees.Toseethelatterunderamicroscope,Berdancollectsasmallbranchandwieldsspecializedtoolstoshaveoffpaper-thinslices,whichhedyesredorblue.Forthefinalimages,heoftenusesaprocesscalledfocusstacking,inwhichsimilarphotoswithdifferentfocalplanesaremixedtogethertoachieveamoreprofounddepthoffield,andhesometimessewsphotostogethertocreateviews.“Iinvestigateanythingthatmighthavepossibilities,”hesays.Andheencouragesotherstodothesamewithamicroscope.“Anytoolthatamplifiesourabilitytoseewillenhanceourcreativity,”henotes“Ourobservationscanpotentiallyleadtonewdiscoveriesandsolutions.”4．WhatinspiredBerdantopursuehispassionformicroscopicphotography?A．Workinginacellularbiologylab.B．Earningadoctoraldegreeincellularbiology.C．Tinymicroscopesfromalocalpond.D．ChildhoodexperiencesnearLakeHuron.5．Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Berdan’schildhoodexperiencewithmicroscopes.B．Berdan’sreasonforstudyingforadoctoraldegree.C．Berdan’stransitionfromamateurtoprofessional.D．Berdan’shardworkofrunningalabinEdmonton.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amplifies”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Expands. B．Decreases. C．Mixes. D．Changes.7．WhatcanbeinferredaboutBerdan’sskillinmicroscopicphotography?A．Hehasreceivedformaltraininginphotographyandmicroscopy.B．Hemainlyfocusesoncapturingimagesofvariousmicroscopes..C．Heexperimentswithdifferentwaystoenhancethedepthoffield.D．Heisthemostskilledbiologistincapturingmushroomsandtrees.CWheninstantcakemixesfirstappearedinthe1950s,Americanhousewivesweredoubtful.Thesemixes,promisingeasycake-baking,felttooeasy.Themanufacturersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionofanegginthebakingprocesswasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.Thegreatersenseofeffortgainedfromalittleextralaborisbelievedtohavebeenessentialtothelatersuccessofthecakemix.ThisreflectstheIKEAeffect(宜家效應),whichisidentifiedbypsychologistMichaelI.Nortonandhiscolleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueonthingswehaveworkedtocreate.Theyconductedfourstudiesinwhichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,assembleIKEAboxes,andbuildsetsofLegos.Theythenaskedthebuilderstobid(出價)fortheircreations,andcomparedthepriceswithbidsfrompeoplewhohadn’tbuiltthem.Thebuildersconsistentlyoutbidthenon-builders.Interestingly,theIKEAeffectworksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofullypersonalizetheircreations.Whilemostparticipants’foldingskillsleftmuchtobedesired,theylovedtheirimperfectlypersonalizedproductsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsnearlyfivetimesasmuchasnon-builders.Beauty,itseems,isintheeyeofthebuilder.Today,ascitiesaresufferingfromseverehousingcrises,theIKEAeffectcangiveusinsightintothewell-beingbenefitsofaself-buildingapproachtohousingdevelopment.ProjectslikeWikiHouseandthe“half-a-house”approachpioneeredbyAlejandroAravena’sarchitecturecompanyElementalareworkingtomakehousingmoreaffordableandsustainablebymakingiteasierforpeopletobuildandpersonalizetheirownhomes.“Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotallydifferentrelationshiptoit,”WikiHouseco-founderAlastairParvinexplained.“Whentheroofstartsleakingoradoorstartscreaking,theyhavethepowertofixitthemselves.”8．Whatbroughtcustomersthejoyofcake-bakingaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Abettertaste. B．Aneasyapproach.C．Adetailedrecipe. D．Anadditionaleffort.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3imply?A．Creationsarebasedonskills. B．Extralaborincreasesperceivedvalue.C．Beautyisfoundthroughcontrast. D．Strictmanagementbringsgoodquality.10．WhatisAlastairParvin’sattitudetowardspublicinvolvementinhousing?A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive.11．What’sthepurposeofthistext?A．Topromoteabrand. B．Tomakeaproposal.C．Toexplainaconcept. D．Tointroduceastudy.DPoweroftenboostsanemployee’screativitybecausebeingpowerfulliberatestheindividualfromrestrictions.However,newresearchshowsthatemployeeswhoarenotinpositionsofpowercanbecomemorecreativewhengiventimeto“warmup”toataskbyengaginginthecreativetaskmorethanonce.“Thisisimportantbecausewhenpeoplewithmorepowerareabletoexpresstheircreativeideasmorethanthosewithlesspower,whichleadstoarich-get-richerdynamicthatstrengthensthesepowerimbalances,”saidBrianLucas,assistantprofessorintheCornellUniversity.“Understandingwaystoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkerscanhelpthemfindtherightwaytodealwiththislow-powerdisadvantage,”Lucassaid.Lucasandhiscolleaguesconductedtwostudiestoreachtheirconclusion．Inthefirststudy,theydividedthecreativeideagenerationsessionintotworoundsconsistingofaone-minute“warmup”followedbyasecondroundinwhichtheparticipantscouldtakeaslongastheywanted．Participantswererandomlyassignedtoahigh-powerconditionoralow-powercondition,andfeelingsofpowerweregeneratedwitharolemanipulation(操縱)whereparticipantsweregivenaleadershiproleandcontroloverresources(highpower)oranemployeerolewithnocontroloverresources(lowpower).Thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthewarm-upround．Therewasnodifference,though,increativityinthesecondround.Inthesecondstudy,theresearchersgavethemadifferentcreativetaskandincreasedthenumberofroundsfromtwosessionstofive,takingaslongastheyliketocompletethetask.Similartothefirststudy,thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthefirstround．Butthecreativityoflow-powerindividualscaughtuptothecreativityofthehigh-powerindividualsafterthefirstround.“Thelow-powerwarm-upeffectsuggestsasimpleinterventionthatempowersallemployeestotaptheircreativepotentialandovercomespowerimbalancesintheworkplace:whenpursuingcreativework,letemployeeswarmupfirst,”Lucassaid.12．WhydoesLocusthinkitimportanttoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkers?A．Itmaintainspowerimbalances.B．Itmotivatestheirambitiontocatchup.C．Itcreatesacompetitiveworkenvironment.D．Itencouragesaworkplacewithmoreequality.13．HowdidLucasandhisco-authorsstimulatefeelingsofpowerintheparticipants?A．Throughacreativetaskwithtimelimits.B．Throughprovidingthemwithdifferentpositions.C．Throughacompetitionbetweenleadersandemployees.D．Throughassigningthemtodifferentconditionsintentionally.14．Howdidthesecondstudydifferfromthefirststudy?A．Ithadfewerrounds. B．Itinvolvedmoreparticipants.C．Participantshadachangedtask. D．Participants’creativitygapbecamewider.15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Powertendstoencouragecreativeideas.B．Changingtasksboostsalltheemployees’creativity.C．Warm-uptimecorrectscreativitypowerimbalances.D．Low-powerindividualsoutperformthehigh-powerones.第二節(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Challengesarepartoflifeandsomethingwecanallexpecttoencounteratonepointoranotherduringourlifetime.Wehandlechallengesdifferently;someofuschoosetofacethemhead-on,whileothersfleeinuncertainty.16Thefollowingaresimplemethodsandstrategieswecanallemploytoovercomechallengesmoreeffectively.17Nikecouldn’thavesaiditanybetterwiththeirslogan,"Justdoit!"Somechallengesrequireustodojustthat.Grabthebullbyitshornsandhavethecouragetoconquerit,nomatterhowunsurewemightfeel.Somechallengesareurgentandrequireimmediateattention,leavinguswithnooptionbuttogoaheadfull-steam.Educateourselves.Thereasonwhysomeissuesprovechallengingforusisthatwearen’tfamiliarwiththem.18Theinternet,books,forums,etc.,offerplatformswherewecanresearchandlearnaboutourchallengestofindstrategiesagainstthem.Knowledgeisdefinitelypowerfulandessentialinconqueringanything.Bepersistent.Thisiswhatisrequiredtoaccomplishanything,especiallywhenitcomestoovercomingchallenges.Nomatterhowdifficultourchallengesmightbe,wemustbewillingtopushthroughandtryagainandagainuntilweachievevictoryoverthem.19Askforhelp.Therearetimeswhenwecan’tgoitaloneandneedotherstohelpusconquerwhateverchallengesweface.20Networkingwithlike-mindedindividualswhocanofferussupport,suggestions,andsolutionsisusefulinhelpingusovercomechallenges.A．Meetthemhead-on.B．Adaptadifferentstrategy.C．Itissaidthattwoheadsarebetterthanone.D．Ifwegiveup,weallowthechallengestoconquerusinstead.E．Therefore,ourknowledgeandabilitytoconquerthemislimited.F．Whateverourpositions,weallwishtoconquerthemandmoveon.G．Somechallengescanbeoverwhelming,makingusquestionourabilitytoovercomethem.第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwas68whenIfirststeppedonstageasastandupcomedianin2003.I’dneversetfootinacomedy21before.I’vealwaysbeena(n)22—I’veworkedasasinger,actorandmusician—butallthatcametoanendafter9/11.IliveinNewYork,andwewatchedthe23towersfallfrommyapartmentbuilding.Forayearafterwards,nobodywantedtogooutorbe24.ItwasthenthatIstartedtothinkaboutcomedy.Irealisedpeopleneededtolaugh,toenjoythemselvesagain,andthoughtthatwithalittle25Icoulddoit.Itookafewclasses,triedtoworkoutaroutine,andfinally26thecouragetogetuponstage.Thatfirsttimewasterrifying.Ihadnoideawhattheaudiencewould27ofme.InNewYork,comediansare28youngmenwithbeards.It’shardenoughto29throughasawoman,evenharderassomeoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother.AsIsteppedonstagethatfirsttime,peoplelaughednervously.Theywereclearly30toseeme.Iintroducedmyself,statedmyageandtriedmyfirstjoke.Therewas31.ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.Iwas32.Nowmysetsdiffer.Imightbeonstagefor10minutesinfrontofadozenpeople,ormyone-womanshowisafullhourinfrontofacrowdof100.Afterashow,peopleyoungandoldcomeuptome,sayingwhata(n)33Iam.Theysaytheywanttobeasactiveasmewhenthey34myage.I’mpleasedIcanshowthatasanolderpersonyoudon’tneedtotakea35seatinlife.”21．A．club B．society C．stage D．site22．A．audience B．performer C．worker D．producer23．A．modern B．beautiful C．grand D．picturesque24．A．entertained B．seen C．active D．public25．A．exercise B．practice C．training D．meditation26．A．heldon B．gottogether C．tookup D．pluckedup27．A．make B．react C．criticize D．applaud28．A．exclusively B．typically C．rarely D．occasionally29．A．fight B．rise C．stand D．break30．A．amused B．expected C．surprised D．indifferent31．A．silence B．hesitation C．disbelief D．applause32．A．bored B．addicted C．disinterested D．unexpected33．A．reminder B．motivation C．challenge D．inspiration34．A．reach B．arrive C．approach D．surpass35．A．dominant B．leading C．back D．passive第二節(共10小題:每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Stampcollectinghasrecentlyemergedasafreshandinnovativeapproachforyoungpeopletodocumenttheirtravels.Insteadof36(mere)takingphotoswithfamouslandmarks,37(enthusiast)ofthisnewtrendeagerlyexploreeverycornerofvariousattractions,museums,andshopsduringtheirjourneysinsearch38variousstamps.Theyimprintthestamps,usuallywithsingleormulticoloredpicturesofthescenicspotsorimagesoffamouspeopleonpostcardsorintraveljournals,thus39(create)auniquememoryoftheirtravels.Freeorpaid,eachstampservesasarepresentationofthevisitor’s40(present)atthatspecificlocation,becominga41(cherish)partoftheirmemories.ShiJunchu,29,fromYunnanprovince,cameacrossstampcollectingthreeyearsagowhiletravelinginWuhan,Hubeiprovince.Shefoundittobeabetterwayofcommemoratinghertravels42purchasingsouvenirs(紀念品),soshecarriesaspeciallypreparednotebookforcollectingstampswhenevershetravels.“Stampcollectinghasaddedmoremeaningtomytravels.Turningthepagesofthosenotebooks43(feel)somewhatlikelookingatphotos.Icanrecall44happenedbackthenjustbyturningtoapagethedeliciousfoodIhad,andthefunexperiencesIenjoyed,shesaid.ShecurrentlyoperatesaprivatemuseuminKunming.SincelastOctober,shehasalsointroducedstamp-collectingservices45(encourage)morevisitorstoexplorethemuseum.第四部分寫作(共兩節,滿分40分)第一節(滿分15分)46．假定你是李華，你校來自新西蘭的交換生Terry發郵件請你推薦一門特色課程，請你用英文給他回復郵件，內容包括：1.推薦的課程及簡介；2.推薦的理由。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearTerry,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Whenwearelittlekids,birthdaypartiesaremomentousoccasions.Theyareourtimetoshine,andweloveeverythingaboutthem:theballoons,thegames,thecake,thegifts,andsoon.Afterreadingcoolstoriesaboutpoliceofficerssolvingmysteries,AllenMillerthoughtthepolicewereawesome,hopingtobecomeoneofthem!So,whenhehadtochooseathemeforhisseventhbirthdayparty—hewentwithhisfavorite:thepolice!Andallhewantedforhisbirthdaypartywasamodelpolicec