臨沂市2024年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（模擬）

英語2024.3

本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分。考試用時120分鐘。

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本

試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第

一部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）

第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

EYLEA

ConsumerBriefSummary

ThissummarycontainsriskandsafetyinformationforpatientsaboutEYLEA.Itdoesnotincludeallthe

informationanddoesnottaketheplaceoftalkingtoyoureyedoctor.

WhatisEYLEA?

EYLEAisamedicinethatworksbyblockingvascularendothelialgrowthfactor（VEGF）,whichcancause

fluidtoleakintothemacula（視網膜黃斑）.

WhatisEYLEAusedfor?

EYLEAisindicatedforthetreatmentofpatientswith:

?MacularEdemaFollowingRetinalVeinOcclusion（RVO）

,DiabeticMacularEdema（DME）

,DiabeticRetinopathy（DR）

HowisEYLEAgiven?

EYLEAisaninjection（注射）administeredbyeyedoctorandtheinjectionsaregivenondifferentschedules.

Confirmwithyourdoctorwhichscheduleisappropriate.

WhatarethemostcommonsideeffectsofEYLEA?

?Eyepain

?Lightsensitivity

?Increasedeyeredness

Formorepossiblesideeffects,askyoureyedoctor.Youareencouragedtoreportnegativesideeffectsof

prescriptiondrugstotheFDA.Visit/medwatch,orcall1-800-FDA-1088.

WhatshouldItellmyeyedoctorbeforereceivingEYLEA?

?Infectionsinoraroundtheeye

?Eyepainorredness

?BeingallergictoanyingredientsinEYLEA

?Beingorplanningtobepregnant

WherecanIlearnmoreaboutEYLEA?

ForamorecomprehensivereviewofEYLEAsafetyandriskinformation,talktoyourhealthcareproviderand

seethefullinformationatEYLEA.com.

1.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?

A.Eyedoctors.B.Medicinestudents.

C.Drugresearchers.D.Patientswitheyeconditions.

2.HowcanyoulearnmoreaboutEYLEA?

A.VisitEYLEA.com.B.Calll-800-FDA-1088.

C.Visit/medwatch.D.Talktoamedicalprofessor.

3.Whatisthistext?

A.Amedicalreport.B.Anintroductiontoabook.

C.Ahealthcarecontract.D.Apieceofmedicalinstructions.

WatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay,Baltimoreforgenerations.Hercommunityhasfaced

environmentalinjustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadto

livewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.

Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation?slargesttrash-burningincinerator(焚化爐)lessthanamileaway

fromherhighschool,sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean,renewable

energyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceofbrain-damagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontons

ofgreenhousegasesperyear,bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnher

communitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.

Sheco-foundedFreeYourVoice(FYV),a10-personstudentorganizationdevotedtocommunityrightsand

socialjustice.Together,theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers,theincinerator'sdeveloper.

Theywentdoor-to-doortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.

WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools(BCPS)wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergy

Answers,theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase,urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.

BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract,whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutany

financialgain,EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.

WatfordcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardfairdevelopment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuture

whichincludesbuildingazero-wastemovement,asolarfarm,andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilyto

jointhefightforenvironmentaljusticebecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourabilitytotakeaction.

4.WhatcausedrespiratoryproblemsinWatfbrd'scommunity?

A.Poormedicalcare.B.Terribleenvironmentalconditions.

C.Constantbacterialinfection.D.Unbalanceddistributionofresources.

5.WhatisWatford^attitudetobuildingtheincinerator?

A.Unfavourable.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.

6.Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?

A.BCPSlostfinancialsupport.B.EnergyAnswersstoppeditsplan.

C.Theinvestorsfoundnewmarket.D.Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.

7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Ateenageheroagainsturbanpollution

B.Ateenageherofightingforanadvancedcity

C.AbattleforBaltimore'sskybyateenagehero

D.Thesocialjusticechallengeforateenagehero

C

Humansworkhardtoavoidviruses.Sickpeopleareisolated,diseasedanimalsarekilledandfieldsofinfected

cropsarefiredup.Reviving（復活）anancientviruswouldsurelybeadisaster.

ButanewstudyledbyFiddamanfromOxford,challengesthisconventionalwisdom.Itshowshowtherevivalof

anancientviruscanunlockthesecretsofitsevolution.

ThevirusinthestudyisMarek9sdiseasevirus（MDV）,killingmorethan90%ofchickens.Yetwhenitwas

discoveredin1907,MDVrarelycauseddeath.

DrFiddamanwonderedwhetheritsnew-foundvirulence（毒性）wasaresultoflargestructuralchanges.To

findout,heandhiscolleaguesgottheirhandsonnearly1,000chickenbonesfromancienttimesacrossEuropeand

Asia,someofthemupto2000yearsold.SectionsofDNAfromtheseremainsweremappedontotheonesoftoday's

virus.

AstheauthorspiecedtogetherthesetsofgenesofancientMDV,however,theynoticedthatthegeneswere

arrangedidenticallytothoseinmodernspecies.Itsuggeststhattheincreasedvirulenceresultednotfromlarge

structuralchanges,butfrompointmutations（突變）.Inparticular,changeshadoccurredinthearrangementofa

genecalledMEQ,whichhasanessentialroleintumour（月中瘤）formation.

ThisdiscoverysuggeststhattheancientMDVmaynothavebeenabletocausetumours.Totestthisassumption,

DrFiddamanfollowedupwithadaringexperiment.HemadetheancientformoftheMEQgeneandshootitinto

livingchickencells.Itdidnotturnonanyofthegenesassociatedwithtumourformation.Incomparison,amodern

MEQgenequicklyshoweditstendencytocausetumours.

Bycombiningancientandmoderngeneticbiology,themethodspioneeredinthepaperrevealhow,andmore

importantlywhy,anyvirusmutates.Thatcouldhelpscientiststackleothervirusesthatpullonthepurse-stringsof

farmers-bydesigningnewvaccines（疫苗）,forinstance-oreventoworkouthowtopreventanotherglobal

pandemic.

8.Whatiswidelyacknowledgedabouttherevivalofanancientvirus?

A.Itisachallengingtask.B.Itrevealsthevirusevolution.

C.Itmeansadisasterforhumans.D.Ithelpspeoplefightdiseases.

9.WhatcausedthevirulencechangeofMDV?

A.PointmutationsinMEQ.B.Theoccurranceofanewgene.

C.ThereproductionoftheancientMDV.D.Largestructuralchangesinmodernspecies.

10.HowdidDrFiddamantesttheassumption?

A.Byinvestigatingatypicalcase.B.Byconductingafieldsurvey.

C.Bystudyingtherelatedtheories.D.Bydoingacomparativeexperiment.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Virusesweakengraduallywhentheymutate.

B.Thefindingthrowslightonhandlingotherviruses.

C.Aglobalpandemicrequiresaworldefforttoendit.

D.Farmerswillfacemorecomplexchallengesthanbefore.

D

WhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedTheMountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohis

subjects——aUgandangroupcalledtheIk——as"thelovelesspeople.^^Aftertwoyearsofobservations,hedecidedthat

theyreflectedhumanity'sbasicinstincts（本能）：cheat,thievery,andpitilessness.ButwhenAthenaAktipisandher

colleaguesfromtheHumanGenerosityProjecttookadeeperlook,theyidentifiedacommunitythatshared

everything."'TurnbullhadvisitedUgandaduringadisastrousfamine（饑荒）.Allhesawiswhathappenswhen

peoplearestarving.9,saysAktipis.Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplacedahighvalue

onhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.

Aktipisbelievesthataltruismismorecommonandbeneficialthanevolutionarysocialsciencehaslongthought.

“Itwasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelpthemselvesortheirrelatives.^^shesays.By

studyingtheunique,selflesspracticesthathelpedninecommunitiesacrosstheworldtocontinuetoexist,theexperts

fromtheProjectarelookingtoshowthatweareindeedcapableofwidespreadcooperation.

TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheproject5smainpoints.Theyrelyontwo-wayfriendshipsfor

resourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey'reinneed,withoutexpectinganyrepayment.Also,aworldaway,inNew

Mexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportinreturn,theywillassistwithoutrepaymentif

someonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofalovedone.

Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe'sperfectedthroughstudyingthesegroupscanapplybroadlytoany

interdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthatsupporteveryone.Takemarket-based

insuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample:It'spricedbasedonindividualriskfactorssuchashealthhistoriesand

wherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan'taffordit.Butinasystembuiltonneighboring,pooled

costs（合并成本）wouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplikenaturaldisastersandpandemics.

12.WhatdidTurnbullthinkoftheIkpeople?

A.Heartless.B.Helpful.C.Restless.D.Generous.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruism“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.

B.Makingfulluseofthesurroundingresources.

C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.

D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.

14.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoconvey?

A.Friendshipsguaranteeawell-beinglife.B.Folksassisteachothertogetsupport.

C.Cooperationisagoodandnaturalinstinct.D.Peopletendtoprovideresourcesforfree.

15.HowdoesAktipisintendtoapplyherfindings?

A.Bydesigningapolicyforpublichealth.

B.Bymonitoringindividualhealthhistories.

C.Bycreatingasystemagainstcollectivehardship.

D.Byloweringinsurancepricesforindividualvictims.

第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

MarkCovington,founderoftheGeorgiaStreetCommunityCollectiveinDetroit,standsinacornerofhisurban

farm,breathingthefreshairintheearlymorning.16Earlyintheday,thegreencropsgivinglifetotomatoes,

cabbages,eggplants,andmorearebathedingold,asifbeingwateredbythesun.Thesoundsofdogs,pigs,roosters,

andagroupofstirringbeesdrownoutthesoundsofthecity.

In2007,Covingtonlosthisjobandreturnedtohischildhoodstreet.17'Itwasdirty,“hesaid."There

werealwaysvacantlots,buttheyhadalwaysbeenmaintainedforchildrentoplayon."Heknewthatifhejustcleaned

themup,peoplewouldpileonthemagain.18

Covingtonstartedwithasmallcommunitygarden.19Onemothersentthreechildrentohelphimbuilda

largergardenwherethekidscouldgrowfood,staybusyduringthesummerandaddstructuretotheirlives.Littleby

littletheseedstookroot,asthehandsonthegardenthatwouldevolveintoafarmmultiplied.

20Ononecorner:amoviescreenandapublicgardenwithvegetableandflowerbeds.Onanother:afarm

andacommunitycenterinabuilding.Nearbyaregarlicbedsandagreenhouse."'Ifssomewhatspiritualfbrme,“

Covingtonsays."It'slikeasanctuary（圣殿）.Peoplecomehereanddon'twanttoleave.”

A.Butifheplantedstuff,theymightnot.

B.It'satypicalmorningsceneatthecollective.

C.Hesawgarbagepiledhighinvacant,abandonedlots.

D.Covingtonmadethegardenalittlebiggertoplantmore.

E.Andalmostimmediatelyneighborsbeganaskingtoparticipate.

F.Heplantedagardentohelpfeedresidentsandenrichtheirlives.

G.Whatbeganasanefforttoremovetrashhasturnedintoasiteofcommunity.

第二部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）

第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該

項涂黑。

Whateverthepatient'sageordisease,ahospitalstaycanbestressful,especiallyforkids.EffortslikeElla'sarea

（an）21spotduringatoughtime.

Itbeganin2018,whenEllacelebratedherbirthdayina22way-agiftdrive.Sincethen,ithas23

eachyearinearlyOctober,afewweeksbeforeherbirthday.Alongwitha（an）24toherparty,Ella?sfriends

getalistofgiftideasforkidsatthehospital.Fortheyoungest25giftsmightincludebuildingblocksor

stuffedtoys.Thenit'stimetosharethegifts."'Seeingotherpeople's26—that'sallthatmatterstome,“Ella

says.

Afterthefirstround,thenumberofdonations27everyyear.Butshedoesn'tkeepanexactcount.

28shejudgesbysight.t4Wemeasurehowmuchofthecarpetitcoversinourlivingroom,^^Ellasays."Lastyear,

it29theentirecarpet.^^

Allison,workingatBrighamChildren'sHospital,hasseenfirsthandthe30ofElla'sgift-giving.t6She

putssmileonthefacesoftheselittlepatientsinourhospital,9,Allisonsays."Theyareallamazedather31at

suchayoungage.”

Ella's32tohelpkidsinthehospitalhaveinspiredothersto33inherfootsteps.Friendshave

collectedand34giftsfortheirbirthdaystoo.

“35toothersisagoodfeelingtohaveattheendoftheday,“Ellasays.t4Iwanttokeepdoingthisaslong

asIcan.^^

21.A.independentB.extraC.freeD.bright

22.A.newB.privateC.fancyD.natural

23.A.workedoutB.kickedoffC.givenoutD.thoughtup

24.A.letterB.recreationC.invitationD.cake

25.A.workersB.patientsC.parentsD.nurses

26.A.happinessB.recognitionC.behaviorD.admiration

27.A.changesB.growsC.declinesD.maintains

28.A.ThusB.SomehowC.SometimesD.Instead

29.A.reachedB.includedC.decoratedD.covered

30.A.excitementB.effectC.inspirationD.feature

31.A.generosityB.explorationC.ambitionD.progress

32.A.promisesB.aimsC.effortsD.proposals

33.A.followB.engageC.trackD.mix

34.A.receivedB.countedC.gatheredD.donated

35.A.RespondingB.RelatingC.GivingD.Comparing

第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

Playinganinstrumentorsinginginachoirmayboostyourbrain.Forgenerations,parents36

(encourage)theirchildrentopracticeplayingmusicalinstruments.Parentshavegoodreasontoprioritizetheir

children'smusicaleducation.Learninganinstrumentisnotonlyassociatedwith37(good)educational

attainmentbutalsowithimprovedcognitive(認知的)abilitiesandintelligence(智力)scoresinchildren.

Theresultsofarecentstudy38(investigate)thisquestionshowedthatmusicalpeoplehadbetter

memoryandtheabilitytostay39(focus)ontasksthanthosewithlessornomusicality.

However,40madeadifferenceamongthosewhoplayedaninstrumentwaswhethertheycontinuedto

play41hadonlyplayedinthepast.Currentamateurmusiciansexhibitedthehighestcognitiveperformance

amongparticipants.

Continuedengagement42cognitivelystimulatingactivities,likeplayinganinstrument,islikely43

(lead)tosustainedbrainhealth.Incontrast,playingtherecorderforonlythreeyearsinprimaryschoolmaynot_

44(significant)impactourcognitiveperformancelaterinlife.

Giventheoverallbenefitsoflearninganinstrumentorparticipatinginachoir,engaginginsuchacognitive__

45(stimulate)asweagecouldbebeneficial.

第三部分寫作(共兩節，滿分40分)

第一節(滿分15分)

假如你是李華，你校外教Ryan打算開展英語閱讀活動，現向學生征求意見，請你給外教回復一封郵件，陳

述建議并給出理由，內容包括：

1.材料選擇；

2.閱讀形式(小組合作或自主閱讀)。

注意：

1.詞數80左右；

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

DearRyan,

Yours,

LiHua

第二節（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

Becky,a12-year-oldgirl,wasdeepinhermathshomework.HerfatherBillaskedhertohelpfixthegateofthe

stall（牛欄）.“Icouldn'tcomeoutandhelp,Daddy,“sheresponded,withoutevenlookingup."I'llgetextramarks

ifIdotheseequations（方程式）:'

Frowning,BillwasconcernedaboutBecky.Sheonlylovednumbers,showinglittleinterestinotherthings.Bill

hopedhisdaughtercouldenjoyanimalsandhelpontheirfarm.

“Wouldn'tyouliketowintheblueribboncompetitionwithyourveryowncalfnextyear?”Billrefusedtogive

up.Inthecompetition,childrenshowthecalvestheyraiseandthebestcalf（4、牛）withalargebuild,well-

developedmusclesandstronglegswouldgettheblueribbon.

Beckylistenedwithoutaword.atYouknow,raisingacalfalsorequiresmathmatics,likecalculatingtheexpenses

tomaintainhealthandmuscledevelopmentduringgrowth.Billcontinued.

ItseemedthatsomethingclickedwithBecky,tcItmightbeaperfectopportunitytoshowmymathtalents.9,She

thenfollowedherdadintothestall.Billpointedtoanewbomcalf."Heresheis!Tag333.Shewillbethebestcalf!”

Beckylooked,andasmilebrightenedherface.tcOK.I'llgiveitatry.”

Inthefollowingweeks,shestartedajournalofprojectedexpenses-vaccinations,registrationfees,vetbills,

grainandhay."She'sfinallygettinginterestedincattle,9,Billthought.ButforBecky,thecalfseemedmorelikea

mathematicalchallengethanalivinganimalthatwouldrequirecareandlove.

Wintercame-thetoughtimeforthecalves.Onemorning,anextremesnowstormhit.Calves!BillandBecky

hurriedtothestalltocheck.AllthecalveswereinsideexceptTag333!Wherewasshe?Theysearchedeverywhere

andfinallyfoundheramileawayfromthestall.Thelittlecalfwaslyingstill,coverediniceandsnow.Hereyelids

weresealedshutbyglitteringfrost."Isshedead?”Beckycried.Billpressedhisfingersagainstthecalf