專題04閱讀理解記敘文之家庭，朋友與周圍的人9篇+人與動植物5篇+著名人物8篇(?？己妙}22篇)一、概述記敘文的命題形式常有細節理解、詞義猜測、主旨大意、推理判斷等題型。除了推理判斷或詞義猜測題，記敘文的命題順序一般都會按照文章的脈絡和故事發展的順序層層推進。每年的高考題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，主要是圍繞記敘文六要素進行命題，以考查細節為主，但都會出現一至兩道詞義猜測題。二、技巧點撥1、對于細節信息題，要抓住整體篇章，看懂主題。利用內容間的因果關系，梳理時間空間順序，對所考查細節進行剖析了解，確定主題，將零碎的細節組成一個有機的整體。2、對于詞句猜測題，要借助篇章中的詞、短語或句子的理解來充分理解題意，遇到陌生詞語盡量先避過，遵循先略讀再通讀的原則，進行仔細推敲。尤其要注重對語境的把握。3、對于主旨大意題，要注意主題句和主題段，絕大多數的篇章采用總分總結構，要注意段與段之間的聯系，注意隱藏的中心思想，研究文章結構，把握句與句之間的關系，注重邏輯關系，從整體把握文章的脈絡。模擬演練01人與自我--家庭，朋友與周圍的人Passage1(2024·湖南懷化·一模)DuetothefactthattheaveragelifeexpectancyinGhanais64yearsold,andthemostcommoncausesofdeatharelargelytreatableconditions,suchasmalaria,stroke,andrespiratoryinfections.Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster’sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Tosupplementthemobileclinic,Boateng’sorganizationhasalsotrained20volunteerstoserveaslocalhealthadvocates.Theycheckpeople’svitalsandprovidethemedicalteamwithtimelydataforassessinghowtomoveforwardwithcareandtreatment,especiallyforthosewhosehealthisatrisk.Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.“Ibelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,”hesaid.1.WhatinspiredBoatengtosethislifegoal?A.Hewantedtogetascholarship.B.Manylocalsdiedofdeadlydiseases.C.Thebirthplaceofhimwassmallandpoor.D.Basichealthcarewasinaccessibleforlocals.2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowBoateng’steamfunctions. B.WhyBoateng’steamwasfounded.C.WhatBoateng’steamhasachieved. D.WhereBoateng’steamhastravelled.3.WhatisBoateng’sattitudetohisteaminthefuture?A.Ambiguous. B.Ambitious. C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AvanbringingmedicalcaretothousandsB.AcountrylackingbasichealthcareC.EffortstoprovidepeoplewithmedicationsD.MobilevanstravellingthroughGhana【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.A【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述Boateng的個人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加納偏遠地區的基本醫療保健服務，并期望將這種模式復制到其他國家。1.細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.(Boateng在加納南部的一個小村莊長大，很難獲得基本的醫療保健，他感到迫切需要幫助，并決定把為加納偏遠社區提供醫療保健作為自己的一生使命。)”可知，Boateng在加納南部的一個小村莊長大，很難獲得基本的醫療保健，因此感到迫切需要幫助，所以Boateng決定把為加納偏遠社區提供醫療保健作為自己的一生使命。故選D。2.主旨大意題。根據文章第三段內容“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.(流動診所和醫療隊每周幾次長途跋涉前往加納的偏遠社區，提供免費的常規醫療服務。每次旅行，Boateng的團隊都由一名護士、一名醫師助理、一名醫生和一名手術助理組成。在這輛面包車里，他們可以進行血液檢查和尿液分析等基本實驗室，也可以開處方和提供藥物。Boateng說：“這對人們來說就像一站式商店?！彼a充說，他們看到的大多數人都有這樣或那樣的健康問題。)”可知，第三段主要講述的Boateng團隊的運作方式，如行醫頻率、團隊組成和工作細則等。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.“Ibelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,”hesaid.(未來，Boateng希望擴大規模，不僅為生活在加納偏遠地區的人們，也為其他國家的人們提供更加穩定和高質量的醫療服務?！拔蚁嘈盼覀兊哪Ｊ娇梢栽谌龉阅戏侵迯椭?，”他說。)”可知，Boateng希望未來不僅為生活在加納偏遠地區的人們，也為其他國家的人們提供更加穩定和高質量的醫療服務。由此可知，Boateng表達了他對自己團隊的期望和愿景，他提到“我們有一個更大的愿景——將這種模式復制到非洲其他國家”。這表明他對團隊的未來持有雄心勃勃的態度，希望他們能夠在更廣泛的范圍內取得成功和產生影響。故選B。4.主旨大意題。根據文章第二段“Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster’sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.(Boateng在學校努力學習，獲得了美國康奈爾大學生物學專業的獎學金，并最終獲得了醫療管理碩士學位。后來，他創辦了自己的非營利組織OKB希望基金會，并將一輛面包車改裝成移動醫生辦公室，名為“HopeHealthVan”，于2021年直接為有需要的人提供醫療服務。)”以及全文內容可知，文本主要講述了Boateng通過他的非營利組織以及HopeHealthVan來改善加納偏遠社區的醫療保健服務的努力。這輛車直接為有需要的人提供醫療服務，為加納多個農村社區的超過4000人提供服務。因此，選項A“Avanbringingmedicalcaretothousands(一輛為數千人帶來醫療服務的車)”準確地概括了文本的主要內容和重點。故選A。Passage2(2024福建高三上·開學考試)Backin1958,IwascrazyabouttheNorfolkandWestern746.Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.Unfortunately,theamazing746alsohadanamazingprice—$50,equaltoabout$450today.Thatwasfarmorethanmygrandfathercouldafford.Instead,IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic,whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight,nosmokerornosound!Butthatwasthebestthatmygrandfathercouldgivemeatthattime.Yearspassed,andIwasinmy30s.Superiorsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains,Ifirmlybelieved,hadfaded,sodidmyadmirationforthe746,sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.Onanordinaryday,however,Ihappenedtoseethe746outsidethewindowofatrainshow.Justone-look,Icouldnotlookaway.ChildhoodmemoriesthatItriedtohideinthedepthsofmyheartracedthroughmymind,happyorsad.ThatdayItookthe746homeandplaceditinthecenteroftheroom,andletmychildhooddreamsingitswayaroundme.Smokeroseoutfromtheengineandthesoftsongsoundedfromitstender.ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather’seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.1.Whichbestdescribesthe746intheauthor’seyes?A.Itsmeasurementwasatadisadvantage.B.Itspricerocketedfrom$50to$450.C.Itsbeautyhadaspecialappeal.D.Itwasthelargesttrainin1958.2.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenreceivinghislittleLionelplastic?A.Visiblyrelieved. B.Slightlydiscontented.C.Reallydelighted. D.Terriblyashamed.3.Whathappenedtotheauthorinhis30s?A.Helefthisgrandfatheralone.B.Hedidn’tfavorthe746atall.C.Headmiredadvancedtoytrains.D.Heattemptednottorecallthepast.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.The746:APerfectGiftfromMyGrandfatherB.ToyTrains:MemoriesofAGenerationC.The746:ChildhoodMemoriesofLoveD.ToyTrains:ChildhoodinHistory【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.C【導語】本文是篇記敘文。文章通過對作者自年少時到成年后對一輛玩具火車情感變化的描述，表達了他對祖父的思念之情。1.細節理解題。根據第一段中“Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.(光滑的子彈頭發動機，橙色和黃色的線條，閃亮的流線型黑色發動機似乎對我下了魔咒。)和第二段“Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.(發動機和車廂加在一起差不多有2英尺—按照當時的玩具火車標準，這是巨大的。更好的是，746有一個工作的前燈和噴煙器，火車聲音響亮。)”可知，作者對746玩具火車非常迷戀，認為它非常完美，無以倫比，它的美麗具有特殊的吸引力。故選C。2.推理判斷題。根據第三段“Instead,IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic,whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight,nosmokerornosound!(相反，我不得不滿足于他的小Lionel塑料，它比746短6英寸，沒有前燈，沒有噴煙器，也沒有聲音！)”可知，在作者看來，這個小Lionel塑料和746相比差得太多，所以稍微有點不滿意。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據第四段“Yearspassed,andIwasinmy30s.Superiorsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains,Ifirmlybelieved,hadfaded,sodidmyadmirationforthe746,sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.Onanordinaryday,however,Ihappenedtoseethe746outsidethewindowofatrainshow.Justone-look,Icouldnotlookaway.ChildhoodmemoriesthatItriedtohideinthedepthsofmyheartracedthroughmymind,happyorsad.(幾年過去了，我已經30多歲了。先進的音響系統和電腦控制主導了玩具火車。我根本沒看他一眼。我堅信，我對玩具火車的興趣已經淡去，我對746號火車的欽佩也已經淡去，因為我的祖父沒有和我在一起。人們再也沒有想起746號飛機。然而，在一個平常的日子里，我碰巧看到了火車展窗外的746號列車。只要看一眼，我就無法移開視線。我試圖隱藏在內心深處的童年記憶，或快樂或悲傷，在我的腦海里奔涌而過。)可知，作者30多歲時，因為祖父不在了，所以他盡量不去回憶過去。故選D。4.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第二段“Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.(發動機和車廂加在一起差不多有2英尺—按照當時的玩具火車標準，這是巨大的。更好的是，746有一個工作的前燈和噴煙器，火車聲音響亮。)”和最后一段“ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather’seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.(我仿佛能看到祖父眼中柔和的光芒，聽到他歡快的笑聲。)”可知，文章以746火車玩具為主線，通過對作者自年少時到成年后對它情感變化的描述，表達了作者對童年時期祖父的愛的懷念。故選C。Passage3(2024·河北滄州·一模)WhenSourabhJainfirstbecameafathertohisdaughter,hestruggledwithbondingwithherinthebeginning.That’swhenherealizedthatgamesandbooksareinteractiveandprovideanopportunitytospendhourswithher.Thushebeganthehuntforgamesandtoysthatnotonlyhelpedhimbondwithhisdaughterbutalsocontributedtohercognitive(認知的)development.Duringthissearch,herealizedthatnotonlyarethesetoysandgameshardtofind,buttheycanalsoburnaholeinone’spocket.Anotherrealizationwasthatthereisalwayssomeamountofplasticinthetoysanditisharmfultotheenvironmentandthelittleones.Whileheexpectedtogivehisdaughtertheworld,healsowantedtoleavebehindacleaner,greener,andmoresustainableworldforher.Today,heownsTheEleFant—atoyrentalcompany,orinSourabh’swords,“alaboroflove”.Currently,thecompanyhasacustomerbaseofmorethan250subscriberswithover2,000downloadsoftheapplicationperday.Theyalsohavecollaborationswith70toycompanieswheretheysourcetheirtoys.Amongthese250subscribersisRahulBhauwalawhorentstoysforhis6-year-oldson.“IamaworkingprofessionalandIhardlygetanytimetogooutandspendhourslookingforandbuyingtoys.Icouldusethatprecioustimetoplaywithmychildinstead.ThisiswhyIloveusingTheEleFantapp.Theyhaveawiderangeoftoyswhicharecategorizedbyagegroup.Theproductsareverywell-packagedandmysonlovedopeningthemasitlookedlikeapresenttohim,”hesays.Asforthefuture,Sourabhsays,“Ourintentionwasnottomakeitanexpensiveandexclusiveservice(專屬服務).Instead,weaimedtoprovideanopportunityforeveryonetogivetheirchildreneverythinginasustainablemanner.Thevalueiskeptinthisway,emphasizinginclusivityandaccessibilityforall.”1.WhatdidSourabhfindwhensearchingfortoysforhisdaughter?A.Pocketsoftengetdamagedbytoys. B.Eco-friendlytoysarehardtofind.C.Toyscouldbondhimwithhisdaughter. D.Toysdogoodtocognitivedevelopment.2.WhataspectofTheEleFantattractedRahulBhauwalamost?A.Itsconvenience. B.Itsdeliveryservice.C.Itspopularity. D.Itscheaprentalprice.3.WhatwillSourabhfocuson?A.Producingmoretoys. B.Expandinghiscompany.C.Makinghisservicemoreaccessible. D.Donatingtoystopoorfamilies.4.WhichwordsbestdescribeSourabh?A.Successfulandhumorous. B.Generousandmodest.C.Talentedandcreative. D.Responsibleandbusiness-minded.【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Sourabh在為女兒尋找玩具的過程中，自己創辦玩具租賃公司，為父母們提供方便的故事。1.細節理解題。根據第二段“Duringthissearch,herealizedthatnotonlyarethesetoysandgameshardtofind,buttheycanalsoburnaholeinone’spocket.Anotherrealizationwasthatthereisalwayssomeamountofplasticinthetoysanditisharmfultotheenvironmentandthelittleones.(在搜尋過程中，他意識到這些玩具和游戲不僅很難找到，而且還會讓一個人的口袋燒個洞。另一個認識是，玩具中總會有一定量的塑料，這對環境和小孩子有害)”可知，Sourabh在為女兒尋找玩具時發現環保玩具很難找到。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Icouldusethatprecioustimetoplaywithmychildinstead.ThisiswhyIloveusingTheEleFantapp.(我可以用這寶貴的時間和我的孩子一起玩。這就是我喜歡使用TheEleFant應用程序的原因)”可知，使用TheEleFantapp可以幫助他節約時間，即是便利更吸引他。故選A。3.細節理解題。根據最后一段“Asforthefuture,Sourabhsays,“Ourintentionwasnottomakeitanexpensiveandexclusiveservice(專屬服務).Instead,weaimedtoprovideanopportunityforeveryonetogivetheirchildreneverythinginasustainablemanner.Thevalueiskeptinthisway,emphasizinginclusivityandaccessibilityforall.”(至于未來，蘇拉布說：“我們的目的不是讓它成為一項昂貴的獨家服務。相反，我們的目標是為每個人提供一個機會，以可持續的方式給他們的孩子一切。以這種方式保持價值，強調所有人的包容性和可達性?！?”可知，Sourabh的目標是讓每個人都有機會以可持續的方式給他們的孩子一切，強調所有人的包容性和可達性。故選C。4.推理判斷題。根據第三段“Whileheexpectedtogivehisdaughtertheworld,healsowantedtoleavebehindacleaner,greener,andmoresustainableworldforher.(雖然他希望給女兒一個世界，但他也想給她留下一個更清潔、更環保、更可持續的世界)”可知，Sourabh希望給自己的女兒一個可持續的、更干凈清潔的世界，說明他是有責任感的；根據第四段“Currently,thecompanyhasacustomerbaseofmorethan250subscriberswithover2,000downloadsoftheapplicationperday.Theyalsohavecollaborationswith70toycompanieswheretheysourcetheirtoys.(目前，該公司擁有250多名訂戶，每天的下載量超過2000次。他們還與70家玩具公司合作，從這些公司采購玩具)”可知，他在為女兒找玩具的過程中發現商機，進而創辦玩具租貨公司，說明他是有商業頭腦的。故選D。Passage4(2024·山東·模擬預測)MygrandmotherknittedChristmasstockingsforeachofherfivechildreninthe1960s.Then,shemadethemforus,hergrandchildren,too.Whenourgrandmotherdiedunexpectedlyin2017,itfeltliketheendofatraditionofhandmadepersonalizedChristmasstockingsandmycousins’chancesofjoininguswithstockingsonthefireplaceweregone.Grandmawasanamazingwoman,butshewashardtofeelreallyclosetowhenIwasachild.Shesmiledsoftlywhenthegrandkidscamenoisilythroughthedoortodisturbhershy,quietpeace.Andinsteadofcoveringuswithkisseslikeothergrandmothers,shealwayshadsomethingreadyforus.Ittookmeawhiletounderstandthatthethingsshemademeantthesameas“Iloveyou”or“Imissedyou”.Itwasn’tthatshewascold—notatall.SometimespeopleasbrilliantasGrandmahaveahardtimerelatingtoothers.Whilewegrewup,shewasourpersonalGoogle.WhenIwasincollege,sheaskedifIstudiedtheRomanticpoetsorhowfamiliarIwaswithAristotle.Itriedmybesttokeepup,buttherewasalotIneverknewaboutmygrandmotheruntilshepassedaway.Iknewandlovedthateveryroomandhallwayinherhousehadabookcase,andthesewerefilledwithbooksoneverysubjectinseverallanguages.Thisyear,IbegantolearntomaketheChristmasstocking.Atfirst,IconsidereditasanicewaytokeepapartofChristmasIalwayslovedasachild,butnowIfeelclosertomygrandmathanever.Andalthoughmystockingswillbethegiftsformycousinsthisyear,nowIunderstandtheloveandthoughtsofGrandmathatgoesintotheseeminglynever-endingrowsofknitting.1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkthestockingsmadebyGrandmawere?A.OrdinaryChristmaspresents. B.Personalizedwarmclothing.C.Thebondsbetweenfamilymembers. D.Areminderofhardtimes.2.HowdidGrandmaexpressherloveforhergrandchildren?A.Bybuyingthemgifts. B.Bygivingthemkisses.C.Byofferingbookstothem. D.Bymakingthingsforthem.3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGrandma?A.Determined. B.Difficult.C.Responsible. D.Knowledgeable.4.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialpurposeinmakingtheChristmasstocking?A.TokeepanoldpartofChristmas. B.TosavemoneyonChristmaspresents.C.TohonorthememoryofGrandmabetter. D.TopassGrandma’sknittingskills【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.A【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述作者祖母通過為孩子和孫子手工制作禮物來表達自己的關愛，維系家庭親情的故事。1.推理判斷題。根據第一段“MygrandmotherknittedChristmasstockingsforeachofherfivechildreninthe1960s.Then,shemadethemforus,hergrandchildren,too.Whenourgrandmotherdiedunexpectedlyin2017,itfeltliketheendofatraditionofhandmadepersonalizedChristmasstockingsandmycousins’chancesofjoininguswithstockingsonthefireplaceweregone.”(在20世紀60年代，我的祖母為她的五個孩子每人編織圣誕襪。然后，她為我們——她的孫子們做了這些。當我們的祖母在2017年意外去世時，感覺手工制作個性化圣誕襪的傳統結束了，我的堂兄弟姐妹們和我們一起在壁爐旁穿襪子的機會也消失了。)可知，祖母為家庭成員親手制作的圣誕襪把家人們聯系在了一起，當祖母去世，這種聯系似乎也隨之消失了?？赏浦?，作者把祖母制作的圣誕襪看做是家庭成員之間的紐帶。故選C項。2.細節理解題。根據第二段第四句“Ittookmeawhiletounderstandthatthethingsshemademeantthesameas“Iloveyou”or“Imissedyou”.”(我花了一段時間才明白，她做的那些事其實是在說“我愛你”或“我想你”。)并結合第一段祖母為孩子們編織圣誕襪的故事可知，祖母用手工制作東西來表達她對孫輩的愛。故選D項。3.推理判斷題。根據第三段第一句“Whilewegrewup,shewasourpersonalGoogle.”(在我們長大的過程中，她就是我們的谷歌。)及最后一句“Iknewandlovedthateveryroomandhallwayinherhousehadabookcase,andthesewerefilledwithbooksoneverysubjectinseverallanguages.”(我知道并且喜歡她家里的每個房間和走廊都有一個書柜，里面裝滿了各種科目用幾種語言寫的書。)可知，奶奶非常博學。故選D項。4.細節理解題。根據最后一段前兩句“Thisyear,IbegantolearntomaketheChristmasstocking.Atfirst,IconsidereditasanicewaytokeepapartofChristmasIalwayslovedasachild,butnowIfeelclosertomygrandmathanever.”(今年，我開始學習制作圣誕襪。起初，我認為這是一個很好的方式來區分清楚我兒時就喜歡的圣誕節，但現在我覺得比以往任何時候都更接近我的奶奶。)可知，作者今年開始編織圣誕襪起初是為了延續小時候圣誕節的內容，繼承圣誕傳統。故選A項。Passage5(2024·湖南·二模)Iwassittinginbetweenmyparentsona15-hourflightfromTorontotoSeoul,whereIwasgoingtonegotiateabookproject.MyAirbnbhadenoughroomforusall.Sowhenmyparentsbroughtitupasahalf-jokethattheywouldcome,too,Ididn’tthinkitwasunreasonable.Iwasmerely8whenweembarkedonourimmigrationjourney.Koreawastheircountry.Theywouldn’tneedmethereastheydidinCanada.Butthefirstweekprovedtoberough.Wewereupsidedownwiththetimechange.Myfatherannouncedthatthefirstthingtheywantedtodowasvisitmygrandma’sgrave(墳墓).Wehaddiscussedvisitingafewrelatives,butgoingtograndma’sgravehadnevercomeup.Itwasstarting:familyobligationsseizedmyworktime.“Youguysgo,”Isaid.Whilemyfathershowered,mymothertookmeaside.“Yourdadhasalwaysbeencountingthedaysforthemomentwhenhecanshowherhowwellyougrewup.”IlaughedbutIwasdeeplymoved.SoIdecidedtoaccompanythem.Asweapproachedthegraveyard,Igatheredsomecoloredwildflowersfromtheparkinglotandtiedthemwithalongpieceofgrass.Myparentsgotbusyweedingaroundtheheadstone.”Yournameisontheback,myfathersaid.“Seehere?”Ilooked,andtherewasmyKoreannamecarvedbesidethoseofmysiblingsandcousins.Itfeltoddtoseeournamesontheheadstoneallofus,thelivinganddead,connected.Isawalinkinachainthatstretchesgenerationsback.Ididn’tknowhowtotellthemthatthetripwasamazing.IrealizedhowIwasintertwinedwiththem,andtheywereinterwovenintome.Wedon’tbelongtolanguagesorcountries.MygrandmadiedonlyfourmonthsbeforewemovedtoCanada,whenshewastoofrail(虛弱的)tomakethetrip.Ihopesheknowsthatwedidtakeher,andthatmaybeallwehaveiseachother.1.Whatwasthemainreasonfortheauthor’striptoSeoul?A.Tovisitgrandma’sgraveyard. B.Tohaveafamilyreunion.C.Toworkonaproject. D.Toaccompanyhisparents.2.Whydidtheauthorinitiallydeclinetovisithisgrandma’sgrave?A.Hewasexhaustedfromtheflight. B.Hehadworkcommitments.C.Helikedvisitingotherrelativesbetter. D.Hepreferredexploringalone.3.Whydidtheauthor’sfatherwanttotakehimtograndma’sgrave?A.Tointroducetheauthortorelatives. B.Tofulfilalong-awaitedwish.C.Toobserveafamilyceremony. D.Tohelpwithweeding.4.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeduringthetrip?A.Neverforgetourhomecountry. B.Familyisabridgetoourfuture.C.Theworldisonebigfamily. D.Homeisthebondwithpeople.【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.D【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因為工作回到韓國，最終決定陪著父親去給奶奶掃墓。這次經歷讓作者明白了家是與人聯系的紐帶。1.細節理解題。根據第一段“Iwassittinginbetweenmyparentsona15-hourflightfromTorontotoSeoul,whereIwasgoingtonegotiateabookproject.(我坐在父母中間，坐著從多倫多到首爾的15個小時的飛機，在那里我要和一個圖書項目談判)”可知，作者此行去韓國是要去協商一個圖書項目。故選C。2.細節理解題。根據第二段“Itwasstarting:familyobligationsseizedmyworktime.(事情開始了：家庭責任占據了我的工作時間)”可知，作者最初拒絕為他祖母掃墓是因為有工作要做。故選B。3.細節理解題。根據第二段“Yourdadhasalwaysbeencountingthedaysforthemomentwhenhecanshowherhowwellyougrewup.(你爸爸總是數著日子等著向她展示你成長得有多好)”可知，作者的父親帶作者去奶奶的墳墓是為了實現期待已久的愿望。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Itfeltoddtoseeournamesontheheadstoneallofus,thelivinganddead,connected.Isawalinkinachainthatstretchesgenerationsback.”(我們所有人，活著的和死去的，都連在一起。我看到了幾代人之間的聯系)根據最后一段“IrealizedhowIwasintertwinedwiththem,andtheywereinterwovenintome.(我意識到我和他們是如何交織在一起的，他們也和我交織在一起。)可推知，作者在旅途中體會到了家是與人聯系的紐帶。故選D。Passage6(2024浙江高三下·階段練習)ItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.Usually,children,witheyesthatseeallandmindsthatarestillfreetowonder,areextraordinarilyacceptingthechangesinroutine,theshiftinseasons.Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.Andthesideeffectwastotalhairloss.Itshouldgrowbackeventually,butmymotherdecidedtohaveawig(假發)tocoverherhead.Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.Whensheisalone,sheusuallyleavesherheaduncovered,findingthewiguncomfortablewhenunnecessary.“Grandmahasnohair,”Seansaid,becausewehadcaughtherbysurprise.“Iknow,Sean.Isn’titfunny?”Iaskedhimasmymomjoinedusinthelivingroom.WeexplainedtohimthatGrandmahadtotakemedicinethatmadeherhairgoaway,butitwouldcomeback.“Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.1.WhathashappenedtoGrandmaovertheyear?A.Shehasrefusedothers’visits. B.Shehaspulledthroughthecancer.C.Shehaslostherfightwiththetumor. D.Shehasrecoveredwithoutsideeffects.2.WhywasSeansurprisedwhenvisitingGrandma?A.BecausehefoundGrandmatiredandthin.B.BecausejustoverheardGrandma’scancer.C.Becausehecouldn’tacceptGrandma’sappearance.D.BecausehehadneverseenGrandmahairlessbefore.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGrandma?A.Lovingandoptimistic. B.Loyalandhonest.C.Humbleandcommitted. D.Generousandhumorous.4.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining. B.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Lovegoesbeyondphysicalchanges. D.Whatdoesn’tkillusmakesusstronger.【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者帶兒子去看望因癌癥化療而脫發的母親，以及兒子對母親變化的好奇和母親的大方應對，展現了母子之間的深厚情感。1.細節理解題。根據文章第一段“ItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.(又是十月。我母親被診斷出患有肺癌已經一年了；一年前她開始了勇敢的戰斗。這是一個里程碑式的一年，有很多共同的微笑和秘密的恐懼。)”以及第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.(媽媽帶著信心和優雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術。她也挺過來了，又瘦又累。)”可知，作者的媽媽在過去的一年里戰勝了癌癥。故選B。2.細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”(然而，這個星期，當我帶著兩個小兒子去拜訪媽媽時，沒有事先告訴她，Sean跑進她的臥室迎接她，然后迅速回到客廳和我說話?！皨寢專蔽宜臍q的孩子小聲說，生怕被人聽到或冒犯，“奶奶沒有頭發?！?”可知，Sean看到奶奶沒有頭發的時候感到很驚訝。故選D。3.推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.(她戴它主要是為了讓別人舒服。)”可知，奶奶戴假發是為了讓別人舒服，由此可知，奶奶非常有愛心；再根據文章第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.(媽媽帶著信心和優雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術。)”和最后一段““Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.(“你想摸摸我的頭嗎，Sean？”媽媽問，兒子盯著她，藍眼睛里充滿了疑問和好奇。)”可知，她對生活的態度是積極向上、樂觀的。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.(看到你的母親或任何你愛的人沒有頭發是令人驚訝的，但令人驚訝的是，這是你可以很快習慣的事情。畢竟，我們并不是這些真正的身體——這些只是承載我們的軀殼，不管身體發生了什么變化，那些被愛聯系在一起的人似乎都能認出自己。)”以及全文內容可知，這篇文章講述了作者母親的故事，她接受了癌癥治療，導致脫發。當作者四歲的兒子注意到這種變化并表示好奇時，母親的回應是開放的，并允許他觸摸她的頭。這種互動凸顯了作者的信念，即愛超越了身體的變化。盡管母親的外表因疾病而改變，但她和兒子之間植根于愛的聯系仍然沒有動搖。作者認為，無論身體發生怎樣的變化，那些被愛聯系在一起的人都能認識并接受對方。因此，作者想要傳達的信息是，愛比外表更深刻、更持久，它超越了任何可能發生的身體變化。故選C。Passage7(2024江蘇鎮江高三下學期階段練習)InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest;acompetitionshewonlastyear.